高中英語虛擬語氣詳解及練習(xí)(含答案)

高中英語虛擬語氣詳解及練習(xí)(含答案)高中英語虛擬語氣詳解及練習(xí)(含答案)高中英語虛擬語氣詳解及練習(xí)(含答案)V:1.0精細整理，僅供參考高中英語虛擬語氣詳解及練習(xí)(含答案)日期：20xx年X月虛擬語氣第一節(jié)語氣英語的動詞一般可帶有三種不同的語氣：陳述語氣（IndicativeMood），祈使語氣(ImperativeMood)和虛擬語氣（SubjunctiveMood）。不同的語氣用動詞的不同形式（有的還借助句法形式）來表示。第二節(jié)虛擬語氣的概念虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式，一是用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個事實，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語從句中)；一是表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等(在賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)。第三節(jié)虛擬語氣在條件句中

虛擬條件句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)

If+主語+動詞的過去式（動詞be用were)Theplatformwouldcollapseifallofyoustoodonit.假如你們都站在上面，這個平臺就會塌下來的。

主語+should,would,might,could＋動詞原形如果魯迅還活著，看到新中國的偉大成就他會多么高興啊！與過去相反的假設(shè)

If+主語+had+過去分詞Ifthedoctorhadbeenavailable,thechildwouldhavebeensaved.如果有醫(yī)生在，這個小孩就會得救了。

主語＋should,would,might,could＋havedone如果颶風(fēng)發(fā)生在白天，死亡的人數(shù)會更多。與將來相反的假設(shè)

1、If+主語+動詞過去式2、If+主語+wereto+動詞原形3、If+主語+should+動詞原形IcouldseethesurfaceofthemoonwithmyowneyesifIweretogotothemoonsomeday.如果有一天我登上了月球，就能親眼目睹月球的表面是什么樣子了。

主語＋should,wouldmight,could＋動詞原形如果明天是星期天，我就去看望我奶奶。NOTE：使用虛擬條件句要注意的幾點：１．當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，被稱為：錯綜時間條件句“，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整．Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.如果你聽我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會痊愈了．２．在條件句中，可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式．Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.第四節(jié)虛擬語氣在名詞從句中的運用一、虛擬語氣在主語從句中A.在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that....”中，表示某事重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；that后面的從句中的謂語動詞用：should+動詞原形（should可以省略）例如：It’simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.重要的是我們要照顧好病人。這類的形容詞還有advisable（可取的），appropriate（適當(dāng)?shù)模?，compulsary（必須的），crucial（關(guān)鍵的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），important(重要的)，possible（可能的），preferable（更好的），probable（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（急迫的），vital（極為重要的）等。B.在Itisdemanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/required/.that-clause句型中從句用(should)+動詞原型，表示愿望，建議，請求等主觀意愿等。Itisdemandedthatweshouldworkoutaplan.C.在Itisapity/ashame/nowonderproposal/recommendation/suggestion/surprise/advicethat…..句型中從句也常用(should)+動詞原型,表示建議，命令，請求，道歉，懷疑，驚奇等。It’sapitythatyou(should)missagoodchance.二、用于賓語從句用于表示命令、建議、要求等一類詞后面的賓語從句。insist,suggest,order,command,advise,propose,require,request,demand,desireetc.注意：suggest當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“講時，insist表示”堅持認為“之意時，應(yīng)用陳述語氣。Theteachersuggestedthatweshouldcleantheblackboardafterclass.老師建議我們課后把黑板擦了。Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.他臉上的表情表明他對我們的工作很滿意．Heinsistedthatallofusbethereontimebyanymeans.他堅持要求我們大家想盡辦法按時去那里。Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.那個人堅持說他沒有偷錢．三、用于表語從句和同位語從句在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request/desire/recommendation/resolution等名詞后的表語和同位語從句中要用“should＋動詞原形”should可以省略．MyadviceisthatyoushouldpracticespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.我的建議是你要盡可能經(jīng)常地練習(xí)說英語。Thesuggestionthatthemayorshouldpresenttheprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.每個人都接受由市長頒發(fā)獎金這一建議。第五節(jié)虛擬語氣在其他從句中1.Itis(high/about)timethat…從句中的謂語動詞用過去式或should＋動詞原形，should不能省略．It’shightimewewenttothelaboratory.該是我們?nèi)嶒炇业臅r候了。2.Ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（要是．．．該有多好?。坏?；表示與現(xiàn)在或未來事實相反的愿望。用過去時或would/could+動詞原形表示；Ifonlyyoulistenedtous!要是你聽我們的話該多好??！與過去事實相反的愿望，用過去完成時。例如：IfonlyIhadlistenedtothedoctor’sadvice!我要是聽了醫(yī)生的話就好了。3.wouldrather，wouldsooner,wouldassoon,wouldprefer+從句也常用虛擬語氣，表示寧愿、但愿之意。這種虛擬語氣表示的不是與事實相反的假設(shè)，而是一種尚未實現(xiàn)的愿望表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r：在上述詞后+主語+動詞過去時。例如：Iwouldratheryoulefttoday.我寧愿你今天走。Iwouldsoonermydaughterattendedapublicschool.但愿我的女兒能上公立學(xué)校。Iwouldpreferhedidn’tstayheretoolong.我倒希望他不要在這兒待得太久。表示過去的情況，在上述詞后+主語+動詞過去完成時。例如：IwouldratherIhadn’tseenthatfilmyesterday.我寧愿昨天沒有看那場電影。4.asif(asthough)看起來evenif(eventhough)即使常用虛擬形式，其構(gòu)成形式與wish后賓語從句里的虛擬語氣的構(gòu)成形式相同，表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反（從句意上判斷），用過去式；與過去事實相反用過去完成式(haddone)，would/could+動詞原形。例如：Thefootballfansofactasiftheywerecrazy.那些足球迷們經(jīng)常就像瘋了似的。（act與were發(fā)生在同一時間平面上）HeoftentalksaboutLondonasthoughhehadbeenthere.(hadbeenthere發(fā)生在talkes之前)他常常談起倫敦，就好像他去過那里似的。Sheoftentalksandtalksasifshewouldneverstop.(wouldneverstop后于talksandtalks發(fā)生)她常常講起來沒完沒了。5.虛擬語氣在inorderthat,sothat,incase，lest，forfearthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中的應(yīng)用，從句中的謂語動詞用"may(might)＋動詞原形"或"should＋動詞原形"。在以lest引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語動詞用"should＋動詞原形"。例如：Hetookhisraincoatwithhimincaseitshouldrain.他拿上了雨衣以防下雨。Hewaspunishedlestheshouldmakethesamemistakeagain.他被處以懲罰以免他再犯。Heputhiscoatoverthechildforfearthathe(should)catchcold.他把外套給孩子穿上以防孩子感冒。后面的賓語從句中，一般用虛擬語氣，表示一種不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。其謂語動詞形式為：表現(xiàn)在過去時(表示與主句的謂語動詞同時存在或先于主句謂語動詞存在的與事實相反的愿望)IwishIwereabird.（were與wish發(fā)生在同一時間平面上）表過去過去完成時（從句的謂語動詞先于主句的謂語動詞發(fā)生或存在，(that)+主語+had+動詞的過去分詞）IwishyouhadcometoourChristmasparty.表將來would,might,could＋動詞原形（從句的謂語動詞后于主句的謂語動詞發(fā)生或存在）Iwishthattheraincouldstopsoon.虛擬語氣專項練習(xí)1.Jackwishesthathe_____businessinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity.A.studied B.hadbeenstudying C.study D.hadstudied2.Themillionsofcalculationinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhand,_____allpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.A.hadlost B.wouldlose C.wouldhavelost D.shouldhavelost3.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms_____backasearlyaspossible.A.mustbesent B.aresen C.willbesent D.besent4.Itisimportantthatthehotelreceptionist_____thatguestsareregisteredcorrectly.A.hasmadesure B.mustmakesure C.madesure D.makesure5.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms_____backbeforethedeadline.A.mustbesent B.besent C.wouldbesent D.weresent6.It'snecessary_____thedictionaryimmediately.A.thathewillreturn B.thathereturnC.thathereturned D.thathehastoreturn7.Itisimportantthatenoughmoney_____tofundtheproject.A.becollected B.wascollected C.mustbecollected D.canbecollected8.Idon'tthinkitadvisablethatTom_____tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A.isassigned B.beassigned C.willbeassigned D.hasbeenassigned9.Thethatthemayor_____theprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.A.wouldpresent B.presentoughttopresent D.presents10.Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion_____.A.beputoff B.shouldputoffC.wasputoff D.istoputoff11.You_____himsoclosely;youshouldhavekeptyourdistance.A.shouldn'thavebeenfollowing B.mustn'tfollowC.couldn'thavebeenfollowing D.shouldn'tfollow12.Themanagerwouldratherhisdaughter_____inthesameoffice.A.doesnotwork B.hadnotworked C.nottowork D.didnotwork13.Wouldn'tyouratheryourchild_____tobedearlyA.go B.wouldgo C.went D.goes14.I'dratheryou_____makeanycommentontheissueforthetimebeing.A.don't B.didn't C.wouldn't D.shouldn't15.Mike'suncleinsists_____inthishotel.A.stayingnot B.thathewouldnotstay C.nottostay D.thathenotstay16.AsCommander-in-Chiefofthearmedforces,Ihavedirectedthatallmeasures____forourdefense.A.hadbeentaken B.betaken C.wouldbetaken D.tobetaken17.Themanagerofthehotelrequeststhattheirguests_____after11:00.A.nottoplayloudmusic B.don'tplayloudmusicC.shouldn'tplayloudmusic D.couldn'tpalyloadmusic18.Wedesirethatthetourleader____usimmediatelyofanychangeinplans.A.inform B.informs C.informed D.hasinformed19.Hesuggested_____totomorrow'sexhibitiontogether.A.ustogo B.weshallgo C.wewent D.wego20.SometimesIwishI_____inadifferenttimeandadifferentplace.A.beliving B.wouldlive C.wereliving D.wouldhavelived21.IwishI_____longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.A.couldhaveslept B.mighthaveslept C.slept D.havesleptJeandoesn'twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe_____ajobsheprobablywouldn'tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.A.hastoget B.hadgot C.weretoget D.couldhavegot23.Ifthewholeoperation____beforehand,agreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost.A.wasnotplanned B.hadnotbeenplannedC.hasnotbeenplanned D.werenotplanned24.Hadheworkedharder,he_____theexams.A.musthavegotthrough B.wouldgetthroughC.wouldhavegotthrough D.couldgetthrough25._____beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.A.Hadtheyarrived B.WeretheyarrivingC.Wouldtheyarrive D.Weretheytoarrive26._____rightnow,shewouldgetthereonSunday.A.Wouldsheleave B.Wereshetoleave C.Ifsheleaves D.Ifshehadleft27._____formyillnessIwouldhavelenthimahelpinghand.A.Notbeing B.Withoutbeing C.Haditnotbeen D.Nothavingbeen28._____foryourlaziness,youcouldhavefinishedtheassignmentbynow.A.Haditnotbeen B.Weren'tit C.Itwerenot D.Hadnotitbeen29.Ifit_____toomuchtrouble,I'dloveacupoftea.A.isn't B.weren't C.wasn't D.hadn'tbeen30.IfIhadn'tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you_____now.A.wouldn'tbesmiling B.won'tsmile C.couldn'thavesmiled D.didn'tsmile31.Wedidn'tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewe_____him.A.wouldhavetelephoned B.wouldtelephoneC.musthavetelephoned D.hadtelephoned32.Hemusthavehadanaccident,orhe_____then.A.wouldhavebeenhere B.shouldbehereC.hadtobehere D.wouldbehere33.Somewomen____agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.A.mustmake B.shouldhavemadeC.wouldmakeD.couldhavemade34.We_____tostartourownbusiness,butweneverhadenoughmoney.A.havehoped B.hadhopedC.wouldhope D.shouldhope35.Themadmanwasputinthesoft-paddedcelllesthe_____himself.A.injure B.injuredC.hadinjured D.wouldinjure36."Youareveryselfish.It'shightimeyou_______thatyouarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld",Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.A.realized B.realizeC.haverealized D.shouldrealize37.It'salready5o'clocknow.Don'tyouthinkit'sabouttime_____A.wearegoinghome B.wewenthomeC.wegohome D.wecangohome38.Ifonlythecommittee_____theregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.A.approve B.canapproveC.willapprove D.wouldapprove39.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyI_____youradvice.A.follow B.wouldfollowC.hadfollowed D.havefollowed40.I'msureheisuptothejob____hewouldgivehismindtoit.A.ifonly B.incaseC.until D.unless虛擬語氣歷年高考題1.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.(2012湖南)A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had2.Ifmycar____morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.（2012陜西）A.wasB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe3.We____thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme（2012北京）A.shouldfaceB.mightfaceC.couldhavefacedD.musthavefaced4.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe____moreplacesofinterestyesterday.（2012福建）A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisited5.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe____there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.(2012安徽)A.livesB.wouldliveC.havingaskedD.weretolive6.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I____thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.（2009福建）A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon7.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe____itwithoutyou.（2008山東）A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged8._____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.（2006湖北）A.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mightyoube9.---DoyoumindifIopenthewindow---____Ifeelabitcold.（2004廣東）A.Ofcoursenot.B.I’dratheryoudidn’t.C.Goahead.D.Whynot10.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI____inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.（2002上海）A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall11.Whatwouldhavehappened____,asfarastheriverbank（2001上海）A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther12.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe____agoal.（2001上海春）A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored13.Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldn’tsuffersomuchnow.（2000上海）A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie14.Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnight___,toocoldforustolive.（1997上海）A.wouldbefreezingcoldB.willbefreezingcoldlyC.wouldbefrozencoldD.canfreezecoldly15.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe___inturn,you____sotired.（1996上海）A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot16._____forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.（1995上海）A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot17.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe____ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe____amedicalexamination.（1994上海）A.be;shouldhaveB.was;haveC.shouldbe;hadD.was;has18.Ididnotseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrother.（1994全國）A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome19.____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuA.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will20.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey___friendsforyears.(1993上海)A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeD.hadbeen21.Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butit____allday.(2008全國)A．rainedB.rainsC.hasrainedD.israining22.They___twofreeticketstoCanada,otherwisethey’dneverhavebeenabletoaffordtogo.(2007山東)A.hadgotB.gotC.havegotD.get23.---Don’tyouthinkitnecessarythathe___toMiamibuttoNewYork---Iagree,buttheproblemis___hehasrefusedto.(2005江蘇)A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;thatC.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what24.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy

.(2010浙江)A．wouldhavebeensaved

B．hadbeensavedC．willbesaved

D．wassaved25.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhe____meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.(2010天津)A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold26.----Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.----Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvegetables________.（2010北京）A.wouldn’tdieB.didn’tdieC.hadn’tdiedD.wouldn’thavedied27.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe____moreonitsculture.（2010江蘇）A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused28.Ifwe_____theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.（2010陜西）A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken29.---Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.---I_____it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.(2011福建34’)A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended30.—WherearethechildrenThedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined．—Iwishthey____alwayslate．(2011北京，28)

A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn'tbeD.wouldn'thavebeen答案與解析1.D譯文：杰克寧愿在大學(xué)學(xué)的是商務(wù)而不是歷史。本句是wish后接虛擬語氣的用法。在wish后面所接的賓語從句中，要用虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)。其主要形式有三種：表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：wish+主語+動詞過去式；表示對過去情況的虛擬：wish+主語+had+過去分詞；表示對將來情況的虛擬：wish+主語+would+動詞原形。2.C譯文：數(shù)以百萬計的相關(guān)計算，如果由人工操作的話，到計算完成時早已失去其實用價值。本句是條件句中與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。由省略if的從句(hadtheybeendonebyhand)中的時態(tài)可知，C為正確答案。3.D譯文：這些申請表盡快寄出是極其必要的。本句涉及主語從句中的虛擬語氣用法。在Itisimportant/necessary/…that-clause結(jié)構(gòu)中，that從句中謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，其形式為：(should)+動詞原形。這一結(jié)構(gòu)是否用虛擬語氣取決于主句Itisimportant/…that中的形容詞（如本句中的important）。4.D譯文：旅館接待員必須確保旅客登記正確，這點是很重要的。本句涉及主語從句中的虛擬語氣的使用。5.B譯文：申請表務(wù)必在截止日期之前寄回。本句涉及主語從句中的虛擬語氣的使用。6.B譯文：他必須馬上歸還字典。本句涉及主語從句中的虛擬語氣的使用。7.A譯文：重要的是募集足夠的錢，為這個項目提供資金。本句涉及主語從句中的虛擬語氣的使用。8.B譯文：湯姆缺乏經(jīng)驗，指派他做這項工作我認為是不合適的。本句涉及復(fù)合賓語從句中的虛擬語氣的使用。在以it為形式賓語的復(fù)合賓語從句中也可以用虛擬語氣，其形式為：(should)+動詞原形。這一結(jié)構(gòu)中的虛擬用法主要取決于作補語的形容詞advisable。9.B譯文：大家都接受了讓市長發(fā)獎的建議。本句涉及同位語從句中的虛擬語氣用法。英語中在表示命令、建議、勸告、愿望、要求等詞后所接的同位語從句中，從句謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，其形式為：(should)+動詞原形。常用的這類詞有suggestion,advise,order,recommendation,requirement,command,proposal等名詞。A譯文：我們都支持你提出的推遲討論的建議。本句涉及同位語從句中的虛擬語氣用法。11.A譯文：你本不該跟他跟得這么緊；你本該保持一定距離的。本句涉及----暗含虛擬句?！皊hould/oughtnot+have+過去分詞”表示“本不應(yīng)該做某事，但卻做了”，含有某種責(zé)備的口氣?！皊hould/oughtto+have+過去分詞”表示“本應(yīng)該做某事，卻未做”。例如：Youshouldhavereturnedthebooklastweek.你本來應(yīng)該上周就該歸還這本書。（但上周并未還）12.D譯文：經(jīng)理寧愿他女兒不和他在同一個辦公室上班。本句涉及賓語從句中的虛擬語氣的用法。在wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldjustassoon,mightaswell和wouldprefer等后面所跟的從句中，也可用虛擬語氣，表示愿望，意為“寧愿”、“但愿”。其形式為：①“wouldrather(wouldsooner…）＋主語＋謂語動詞過去時”表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r。②“wouldrather(wouldsooner…）＋主語＋過去完成時”表示過去的情況。13.C譯文：你為何不讓你的孩子早點睡覺本句涉及賓語從句中的虛擬語氣的用法。14.B譯文：我倒是希望你對這個問題先別發(fā)表什么看法。本句涉及賓語從句中的虛擬語氣的用法。英語中在wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldjustassoon,mightaswell和wouldprefer等后面所跟的從句中，也可用虛擬語氣，表示愿望，意為“寧愿”、“但愿”。15.D麥克的叔叔堅持他不留在旅館里。本句涉及虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的使用。動詞insist后接賓語從句，從句中的謂語為“should+動詞原形（should常省略）”。常這樣用的詞有：command,desire,demand,order,propose,recommend,request,require,suggest等。16.B譯文：我作為武裝部隊的總司令命令采取一切措施進行防御。本句涉及虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的使用。17.C譯文：旅館的經(jīng)理懇請客人晚上11點后，音樂聲不要放得太響。本句涉及虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的使用。18.A譯文：我們要求導(dǎo)游立刻告訴我們計劃有什么變動。本句涉及虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的使用。19.D譯文：他建議我們一塊去看明天的展覽。本句涉及虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的使用。20.C譯文：我有時希望自己生活在另一個時代和另一個地方。本句涉及動詞wish后所接賓語從句的用法。在wish后面所接的賓語從句中，要用虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)。其主要形式有三種：表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：wish+主語+動詞過去式；表示對過去情況的虛擬：wish+主語+had+過去分詞；表示對將來情況的虛擬：wish+主語+would+動詞原形。21.A譯文：我真希望今天早上能多睡一會兒，可我不得不起床去上課。本句涉及動詞wish后所接賓語從句的用法。22.C譯文：瓊不想馬上就工作，她想要是找了工作就不能馬上探訪朋友了。本句涉及if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句，表示與將來事實相反的假設(shè)。表示與將來事實相反的非真實條件句，從句中的謂語動詞用“wereto+動詞原形或should+動詞原形”，主句中的謂語動詞用“should(第一人稱),would(第二、三人稱)+動詞原形”。23.B譯文：要是整個手術(shù)當(dāng)時沒有預(yù)先計劃好的話，大量的金錢和時間就白花了。本句涉及if條件狀語從句中虛擬語氣的用法，表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。與過去事實相反的非真實條件句中，從句中的謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”，主句的謂語動詞用“should或would+have+過去分詞”。24.C譯文：他當(dāng)時學(xué)習(xí)努力的話，這次考試就通過了。本句涉及省略if的虛擬條件句。在正式文體中，有時可把虛擬條件句中的連詞if省去，而將were,had,should等助動詞(不包括行為動詞)提到主語前面，用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果句中沒有were,had或should時，既不能省略if，也不能倒裝。答案：25.D譯文：我們后天走，要是他們在這之前到達，我們就可以痛痛快快地撮一頓。本句涉及省略if的虛擬條件句。26.B譯文：她要是現(xiàn)在就走的話，星期天就到那兒了。本句涉及if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句，表示與將來事實相反的假設(shè)。表示與將來事實相反的非真實條件句，從句中的謂語動詞用"wereto+動詞原形或should+動詞原形"，主句中的謂語動詞用“should（第一人稱）,would（第二、三人稱）+動詞原形”。如從句中省去if，主謂要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。27.C譯文：我當(dāng)時要是沒生病的話，就幫他了。本句涉及省略if的虛擬條件句。虛擬語氣也常用于“Ifitwere(hadbeen)notfor…”句型中，意為“要不是……”。Ifitwerenotfor…表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)。從本句的主句來判斷，這是一句與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句，Ifithadnotbeenfor…表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)，與主句中的謂語動詞相一致。在正式文體中，有時可把虛擬條件句中的連詞if省去，而將were,had,should等助動詞（不包括行為動詞）提到主語前面，用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果句中沒有were,had或should時，既不能省略if,也不能倒裝。28.A譯文：要不是你偷懶，你現(xiàn)在就已經(jīng)完成任務(wù)了。本句涉及省略if的虛擬條件句