必修一語法知識點與語法整理

高中英語語法知識點與語法整理必修一Unit1Friendship一、知識點與語法.begoodto….addup/addupto加起來/合計，總計。.notuntil直到。。。才。。。.getsthdone.calmdown平息、.beconcernedabout關心，掛念.goon/beon.當while,when,before,after等引導時間狀語從句的主語與主句一致時，可將從句的主語和be動詞省略。.takeonesend-of-termexam參力口期末考試。.非限制性定語從句。.makealistof列舉。。。。。。.gothrough遭遇，經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)過，通過，用光，獲準。.hideaway躲藏14.inorderto為了。。。。。。15.happentosb/dosth某人發(fā)生某事/某人碰巧做某事。16.itis/wasthefirstthat（現(xiàn)在完成時/過去完成時）inonespower處于。。。。。。的控制之中。sufferfrom遭受。.with作伴隨狀語。.havesometroublewithsb/sth在。。。。。。上遇到了麻煩。.getalongwith與某人相處怎么樣/，某事進展如何？.makesb/sth+adj.使某人，某物。。。.bedoing表示將來。（重點）.直接引語和間接引語。（重點）DirectandIndirectSpeechDirectSpeechIndirectSpeechsimplepresentHesaid,Igotoschooleveryday.simplepastHesaid(that)hewenttoschooleveryday.simplepastHesaid,Iwenttoschooleveryday.pastperfectHesaid(that)hehadgonetoschooleveryday.presentperfectHesaid,Ihavegonetoschooleveryday.pastperfectHesaid(that)hehadgonetoschooleveryday.

presentprogressiveHesaid,Iamgoingtoschooleveryday.pastprogressiveHesaid(that)hewasgoingtoschooleveryday.pastprogressiveHesaid,Iwasgoingtoschooleveryday.perfectprogressiveHesaid(that)hehadbeengoingtoschooleveryday,future(will)Hesaid,Iwillgotoschooleveryday.would+verbnameHesaid(that)hewouldgotoschooleveryday.future(goingto)Hesaid,Iamgoingtoschooleveryday.presentprogressiveHesaid(that)heisgoingtoschooleveryday.pastprogressiveHesaid(that)hewasgoingtoschooleverydayDirectSpeechIndirectSpeechauxiliary+verbnameHesaid,DoyougotoschooleverydayHesaid,heredoyougotoschoolsimplepastHeaskedmeifIwenttoschooleveryday.*HeaskedmewhereIwenttoschool.imperativeHesaid,Gotoschooleveryday.infinitiveHesaidtogotoschooleveryday.DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechsimplepresent+simplepresentHesaysgotoschooleveryday.simplepresent+simplepresentHesays(that)hegoestoschooleveryday.presentperfect+simplepresentHehassaidgotoschooleveryday.presentperfect+simplepresentHehassaid(that)hegoestoschooleveryday.pastprogressive+simplepastHewassayingwenttoschooleveryday.pastprogressive+simplepastHewassaying(that)hewenttoschooleveryday.

pastprogressive+pastperfectHewassaying(that)hehadgonetoschooleveryday.DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechcanHesaidIcangotoschooleveryday.couldHesaid(that)hecouldgotoschooleveryday.mayHesaidImaygotoschooleveryday.mightHesaid(that)hemightgotoschooleveryday.mightHesaidImightgotoschooleveryday.mustHesaidImustgotoschooleveryday.hadtoHesaid(that)hehadtogotoschooleveryday.havetoHesaidIhavetogotoschooleveryday.shouldHesaidIshouldgotoschooleveryday.shouldHesaid(that)heshouldgotoschooleveryday.oughttoHesaidIoughttogotoschooleveryday.oughttoHesaid(that)heoughttogotoschooleveryday.Unit2Englisharoundtheworldattheendof在。。。末端becauseof由于。。。evenif引導的讓步狀語從句。comeup走近，走上前來，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)bedifferentfrom/in與。。。同/在。。。不同bebasedon以。。。為基礎atpresent目前makeuseof利用suchas例如turnof/on/up/downholdon堅持住，不掛斷playarolein在。。。中起作用/擔任什么角色thesameas和。。。一樣atthetop/bottomof在。。。頂上/在。。。底部buildup建立，積累，增強besatisfiedwith對什么感到滿意atsea/onthesea/overthesea在海上/在海上/在海外。accordingto按照直接引語和間接引語。（參考上一單元）UNIT3Traveljournal一、知識點與語法.advantagesanddisadvantages優(yōu)劣.Howdotheymakeuseofitintheirdailylife?在日常生活中他們是如何利用它的.flowthrough流過，流經(jīng).Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.從高中起，我姐姐王維和我就一直夢想做一次偉大的自行車旅行。連詞since引導的時間狀語從句用一般過去時，介詞since與表示過去某一點時間的詞語連用，副詞since后不用從句或詞語。Itis/hasbeen+一段時間+since+一般過去時（從句中的動作不能延續(xù)）自從至今已經(jīng)多久了。sincethen自從那時至今eversince從那以后一直.persuadesbtodosth=persuadesbintodoingsth說服某人做某事Hepersuadedhertogotoschool,eventhoughshedidnotwantto.即使她不想去上學，他還是說服她去。.growupinwesternYunnan在云南西部長大.Aftergraduatingfrocollege,wefinallygotthechancetotakeabiketrip.大學畢業(yè)以后，我們終于有了機會騎自行車旅行。.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.首先想到沿湄公河從源頭到終點騎車旅游的是我的姐姐。強調(diào)句型Itis/wasthat/who的用法歸納如下：強調(diào)句型可以強調(diào)除謂語動詞以外的任何句子成份。一般來說，如果被強調(diào)部分是人時，用連詞that或who；如果被強調(diào)部分是物，只能用連詞that。強調(diào)句型應避免使用when,where,which等連詞。含一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句句型:含一般疑問句的強調(diào)句型，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：Isit+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+句子的其余部分？特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)形式為：特殊疑問詞+is/wasitthat/who+句子的其余部分？9.schedualforthetrip旅行計劃.befondof喜歡，喜愛Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.盡管她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她堅持要自己把這次旅行安排得盡善盡美。（注意1：Ithoughcon.盡管，雖然，引導讓步狀語從句。拓展：①although從句多在句首，though從句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though可以作副詞用于句末，作但是，不過講，而although無此用法。②although用來陳述事實而不用于假設，所以asthough（仿佛，好像），eventhough（即使，盡管）中不能用althougho③though引導的讓步狀語從句可以倒裝（將表語、狀語、情態(tài)動詞后的動詞原形前置到句首，此用法同as）,而although不可以。注意2：insist在這里的意思是堅持要求后面的that從句用虛擬語氣；如果insist意為強調(diào)，堅持認為的時候，從句可以用任何所需要的時態(tài)。例如：Sheinsistedthatshedidnttellalie.她強調(diào)她沒撒謊。另外，還可以用insistondoingsth/sth.一定要、堅持主張，如：Sheinsistsongettingupearlyandplayingherradioloudly她老是一大早起來把收音機音量開大。）.careaboutdetails考慮細節(jié)（Theonlythinghecaresaboutismoney.他唯一在乎的就是金錢。carefor喜歡，照料，照顧Idon’treallycareforredwine.我其實并不喜歡紅葡萄酒。Whowillcareforyourchildifyouareout?如果你外出了，誰來照顧你的孩子？12.givemeadeterminedlook給了我一個堅定的眼神13.changeone’smind改變主意14.sheseemedtobeexcitedaboutit.似乎顯得興奮15.aninterestingexperience一次有趣的經(jīng)歷16.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.Finally,Ihadtogivein.她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。最后，我只好讓步了。Once可作為從屬連詞，作一（旦）就解，連接一個表示時間的狀語從句。從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在完成時表將來。如：Onceyouhavebeginyoumustcontinue.Onceprinted，thebookwillbeverypopular。17.Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys,travellingacrossweternYunnanProvince.它穿過深谷時就變成了急流，流經(jīng)云南西部。tmakeswidebendsormeandersthroughlowvalleystotheplainswherericegrows.河水蜿蜒緩慢地穿過低谷，流向生長稻谷的平原。19.Heissostubbornthatnoonecanpersuadehimtodoanything.他太固執(zhí)，沒有一人能勸動他做事。20.Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhowharditis.不論工作多難，一個堅決的人總是努力地去完成它。21.Mygrandapaisfondoffishingandsometimeshefishesalldayintheriver.我爺爺喜歡釣魚，有時他整天在河邊釣魚。22.Ipreferthereddresstothegreenonebecauseitfitsmebetter.我喜歡那件紅色的衣服不喜歡那件綠色的，因為紅色的更合我的身。23.TheconcertwentlikeclockworkbecauseLiPeiorganizeditsowell.音樂會順利地進行，因為李佩組織地相當好。4.Iwantedtopaythetrainfare,butmyfriendinsisted.FinallyIgavein我想付火車票費用，但我朋友堅持他付。最后我讓步了。5.Shepersuadedallofustocycletoworkinsteadoftakingthebus.她說服了我們不做公共汽車而是騎車去工作。.Asneitherofthemwouldgivein,nodecisionwastakenthatday.由于雙方都不讓步，那天沒有形成決議。.Thetaskwasdifficult,butHelen’sdeterminedexpressionletmeknowthatshewouldnotgiveup.雖然工作很難，但海倫的堅定神情使我知道她不會放棄。.HowIwishIcouldmakeajourneyintospaceandseethestarsupclose.我多么希望我能夠進行太空旅行，近距離地看看星星啊。.TheveryfirsttimethatJoesawthefilm“ET”directedbyStevenSpieberg,hemadeuphismindtobecomeadirectortoo.第一次看StevenSpieberg執(zhí)導的電影T時，他就下定決心也要當一名導演。.alargeparcelof一大包.Wearetakingoutinsurancetocoveranyproblems.我們要投保給一切問題保險。.Ourlegsweresoheavyandcoldthattheyfeltlikeblocksofice.我們的腿又冷又沉，感覺就像大冰塊。.Alongthewaychildrendressedinlongwoolcoatsstoppedtolookatusl路上，一些身著羊毛大衣的孩子們停下來看我們。.However,thelakesshonelikeglassinthesettingsunandlookedwonderful.然而，湖水在落日的余暉下閃亮如鏡，景色迷人。.asusual像往常一樣.Atonepointweweresohighthatwefoundourselvescyclingthroughclouds.在某個時刻，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己置身高處，仿佛騎車穿越云層。.Wesawmanysheepeatinggreengrass.我們看到羊群在吃草。.makecamp宿營.putupourtent搭帳篷.stayawake睡不著，醒著41.atmidnight在半夜42.forcompany做伴43.liebeneaththestars躺在星空下.Wecanhardlywaittoseethem.我們迫不及待地想要見到他們。.Goodluckonyourjourney.祝你旅途愉快.Whenyougoonajourney,whynotkeepatraveljourney?當你出游的時候問什么不記旅行日記呢？.seetheworldthroughsomebodyelse’seyes通過別人的眼睛看世界.gointherightdirection走正確的方向.Thetortoisemovesataveryslowpace烏龜以很慢的速度行進。Ifyoupaceyourself,youwillbeabletoworkefficiently.如果你為自己定好了速度，你就會高效地工作。.besimilarto類似于.affordtodosth付得起，能承擔.betiredfrom因……而疲勞betiredof對……厭倦.beinhighspirits喜氣洋洋，興高采烈.cometrue實現(xiàn)，成真.Askthemtogiveyousomeadviceonimprovingit.要他們就如何改進提一些建議。.aguideto的指南.onatour在游覽中，在巡演中58.indetail59preferpreferdoingtotalking喜歡做而不喜歡說Whichofthesetwodressesdoyouprefer?這兩套衣服你喜歡哪一套？IprerertogotoAmericaformyfrutherstudy.我更愿意選擇去美國進修學習。Anneprefersmetoreplaceheratthemeeting.安妮更愿意我代替她去參加會議。60.祈使句：祈使句由直接引語變成間接引語當祈使句由直接引語變成間接引語時，其常用結(jié)構(gòu)為ask/request/tell/ordersb(not)todosth。如：peakloudly，pleasetheteachersaidtome.(=Theteacheraskedmetospeakloudly．)ontsmokeinthemeetingroomhesaidtoTom.(=HetoldTomnottosmokeinthemeetingroom．)Unit4Earthquakes定語的用法：定語起限定和修飾的作用。單個詞作定語時要放于被修飾詞的前面，短語或從句作定語時放于被修飾詞的后面。定語從句：關系詞(關系代詞，關系副詞)定語從句是由關系代詞和關系副詞引導的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個名詞性成分，定語從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種。限定性定語從句that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們在從句中作主語或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時?？墒÷躁P系詞，which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且，如果which在從句中作不及物動詞+介詞的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置which作賓語時，根據(jù)先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關系，先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟c.代表物時多用which,但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which,這些詞包括all,anything,much等，這時的that常被省略dwho和whom引導的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時，要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語e.where是關系副詞，用來表示地點的定語從句when引導定語從句表示時間whose是關系代詞，修飾名詞作定語，相當于所修飾成分的前置所有格h.當從句的邏輯主語是some,any,no,somebody,anybody,nobody,something,anything,everything或nothing時，常用thereis來弓|導.rightaway/now.rise/raise.burstinto+n..burstout+doingtseemed.asif.allnot=notall.定語從句(that,who,which,whose)Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernhero1、Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.一個偉大的人就是一個把一生用于幫助別人的人。devoteto獻身于Theoldmanhasdevotedallhislifetoteaching.那位老人把一生獻給了教育事業(yè)。Shedevotesallhersparetimetolookingafterhersickmother.她把所有的空余時間都花在照顧生病的母親上。特別提示：devoteto句型中的賓語多用alloneslife;allonestime;oneseffort/efforts。即時活用：1、Althoughtheworkingmotherisverybusy,shestillalotoftimetoherchildren.A.devotesB.spendsC.offersD.provides答案：Atwoyearstoafterthesickwoman,shebadlyneededaholiday.A.Devotingherself;lookB.Devoted;lookingC.Devoting;lookingD.Devoted;looked答案：B2、HefoughtagainsttheGermanNazisandJapaneseinvadersduringWorldWarII.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，他反對德國納粹和日本侵略者。fightvt.&vi.戰(zhàn)斗用法歸納：（1）fightwith..和…并肩作戰(zhàn)WefoughtwiththeSovietRedArmyduringWorldWarII.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間我們和蘇聯(lián)紅軍并肩戰(zhàn)斗。（2）fightagainst反對;和…作斗爭Everyoneshouldfightagainstpollution.每個人都應該和污染作斗爭。(3)fightfor為而戰(zhàn)NelsonMandelafoughtfortheequalrightsoftheblackpeopleinSouthAfrica.納爾遜曼德拉為了南非黑人的平等權(quán)利而戰(zhàn)。(4)fightback還擊；還手Ifyoubeatmeagain,Iwillfightback.如果你再打我，我就還手了。即時活用：EnglandfoughtGermanyinthewarof1914—1918.A.againstB.withC.forD.to答案：A3、Heofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.他為貧窮的黑人群眾提供法律引導。offervt.提供用法歸納：主動提出做某事Mydaughterofferedtocleantheroomyesterday.女兒昨天主動提出打掃房間。特別提示：offer表示主動提出做某事時，后面一般跟動詞不定式。(2)主動給與TheyofferedmeacupofteawhenIarrived.我到的時候他們給我了一杯茶。(3)出價Howmuchdoyouofferformycar?我的車你給多少錢？特別提示：offer表示出價時，一般用offersomemoneyforsth.句型。聯(lián)想擴展：(1)“要價；索價”用“chargesomemoneyforsth.”句型。Icharge100,000Yuanforthiscar.這輛車我要十萬塊錢。(2)offer還可以作名詞，表示提供；報價。Hedidn’tacceptmyoffer.他沒有接受我的報價。即時活用：—Whyareyoulookingpleased?—Oh,I’vejusthadajob.A．offeredB．offeringC．toofferD．beingoffered答案：AHowmuchdoyoumendingapairofshoes?--$15.A.askB.spendforC.chargeforD.pay答案：C3、Themissingboywaslastseenneartheriver.A.tobeplayingB.playC.playingD.havingplayed答案：CHowmuchdoyoumendingapairofshoes?--$15.A.askB.spendforC.chargeforD.pay答案：C4、Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去三十年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪了我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。see+O+OC用法歸納：（1）seesb./sth.do看到過某人做某事Didyouseeanyonegointothebuilding?你看到有人進這棟大樓嗎？特別提示：在seesb./sth.do句型中，do表示動作的全過程，即動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束。被動句中，作賓語補足語的不定式要帶to。（2）seesb./sth.doing看到某人/某物正在做…Icanseesomeboysplayingbasketballontheplayground.我看到一群男孩在操場上大籃球。（3）seesb./sth.done看到某人/某物被…LookingupIsawhiseyesfixedonmeincuroisity.一抬頭我看到他雙眼好奇的看著我。seesb./sth+adj.Itwasthefirsttimethestudentshadeverseentheteacherreallyangry.這是第一次學生們看到老師真的生氣了。（5）seesb./sth+介詞短語Seeingmeinneedofmoney,myfathergavemesome.看到我需要錢，我爸爸就給了我一些。聯(lián)想擴展：seeabout負責處理seeafter照顧seeoff送另1」seethrough看穿；識破seeto處理；修理即時活用：1、TheboywaslastseenneartheEastLake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay答案：AHaveyouseenMarytoday?---Yes,Iaminuteago.A.seehercomeinB.haveseenhertocomeinC.sawhercomeinD.seehercomingin答案：C3、Amanwasseentobreakintothehouse.A.tryB.tryingC.triedD.totry答案：B4、IthoughtIsawProfessorDavisinthelibrarylastnight.A.workingB.toworkC.workedD.works答案：A5、Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去三十年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪了我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。progress/advance進步Scientistshavemademuchprogressinmedicinetheseyears.這些年科學家們在醫(yī)學方面取得了很多進步。特別提示：progress是不可數(shù)名詞；advance是可數(shù)名詞。（2）“取得進步”用makeprogress/makeadvance6、Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去三十年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪了我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。atall用法歸納：（1）用于疑問句，表示“到底；根本”。Whatdoyouwanttosayatall?你到底想說什么？（2）用于否定句，表示“一點也不；根本不”。Idon’twanttolearnEnglishatall.我根本不想學英語。（3）用于條件句，表示“真的”。Ifitrainstomorrowatall,wewillputoffthesportsmeet.如果明天真的下雨，我們就把運動會推遲。（4）用于陳述句，表示“確實”。Ittookmealongtimetowriteananswertoyourletteratall.給你寫回信確實花了我很長時間。特別提示：atall用在句子里都是為了加強語氣。聯(lián)想擴展：（1）inall總計；合計Thereareover2000studentsinthisschoolinall.這個學?？偣灿袃汕Ф鄬W生。（2）afterall畢竟；終究；別忘了Thelittleboycan’tlifttheheavybox,afterall,heisonlyfive.小男孩提不起那個重箱子，畢竟，他只有五歲。（3）aboveall最重要的是WhenyouarestudyingEnglish,youshouldrememberthenewwords,learnsomegrammar,aboveall,youshouldstudyhard.學英語時，你要記單詞，學語法，最重要的是，你要努力學習。即時活用：1、IthoughtIwasgoingtofailtheexam,butIsucceeded.A.firstallB.inallC.atallD.afterall答案：D2、Iwouldliketorentaflat,modern,comfortableandinaquietenvironment.A.afterallB.atallC.inallD.aboveall答案：D3、,youmusttellusthetruth,thenwewillfindawaytohelpyoutogetoutofthetrouble.A.AfterallB.InallC.AtallD.Firstofall答案：D4、Childrenneedmanythings,,theyneedlove.A.afterallB.firstofallC.lastofallD.atlast答案：B7、Whenthiswasnotallowedonlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.當這一點不被允許…只有這個時候我們才決定以武力對武力。allowvt.允許；同意用法歸納；（1）+n.Mostteachersdon’tallownoiseintheirclasses.大部分老師不允許上課時有聲音。（2）+doingWedon’tallowsmokinginoffices.我們不允許在辦公室吸煙。（3）allowsb.todosth.DoesyourEnglishteacherallowyoutospeakChineseinhisclass?你們英語老師允許你們在英語課上說漢語嗎？特別提示：(1)orbid禁止和allow意思完全相反，但用法完全相同。(2)千萬記住，沒有agreesb.todosth.句型。即時活用：blowone’sownhorn自吹自擂blowone’stop怒發(fā)沖冠blowover被淡忘blowout熄火；爆裂8、Youcan’timaginehowthenameofRobbenIslandmadeusafraid.你無法想象羅本島這個名字聽起來多么令我們恐懼。imaginevt.想象；設想用法歸納：(1)+n.Somepeoplealwaysimagineillnessesthatdon’texist.有些人總是現(xiàn)象得了根本沒有的疾病。(2)+從句AsIlieinbedIliketoimaginethatIamastudentintheclassroom.躺在床上我總是喜歡想象我是一個學生，正在教室上課。Ican’timaginewhytheyareagainsthim.我不能想象他們?yōu)槭裁捶磳λ?3)+doingIcan’timaginelivingwithoutelectricity.我不敢想象如果沒電該怎么生活。(4)imagine+O+doingThefanscan’timagineHouYaohualyingonTV.粉絲們不能想象侯耀華在電視上說假話。聯(lián)想擴展inaginationn.想象力易混辨析：imaginary和imaginative兩個詞都是形容詞，但imaginary表示想象出來的;虛構(gòu)的。而imaginative表示“有想象力的”。Ghostsareimaginary.鬼怪是想象出來的。Hisimaginativewritingmadehimagreatwriter.他富有想象力的寫作使他成為了一個偉大的作家。即時活用：IcanhardlyimaginePeteracrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.sailingC.tosailD.tohavesailed答案：B9、However,thepolicefoundoutandtoldmybossthatIhadebeeninprisonforblowingupgovernmentbuildings.但是，警察發(fā)現(xiàn)了我的事情并且告訴了我的老板，由于炸毀了一些政府大樓我曾經(jīng)坐過牢。findout發(fā)現(xiàn)；了解用法歸納：(1)+名詞或代詞Wemustfindoutthetruthofthematter.我們應該了解事情的真相。Youwillbesorryifwefindoutthesecret.如果我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那個秘密你會很不好看的。(2)+連接代詞或連接副詞+todoIfyoukeeponpractising,youwillsoonfindouthowtodriveacar.如果你不停的練習，你很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)怎么開車的。(3)+that從句HowdidyoufindoutthathehadhadanH1N1flu?你是怎么發(fā)現(xiàn)他得甲流的？(4)+連接代詞或連接副詞引導的從句Ihaven’tfoundoutwhobrokethewindow.我還沒有了解到是誰把窗子打破的。特別提示：find和findout都能表示發(fā)現(xiàn),但find表示結(jié)果；findout表示過程。find有find+O+OC句型；findout沒有這個句型。即時活用：1、---Mark,Ifailedintheexamagain.I’msoupset.---Don’tworry.Ithinkthefirstthingisyourweakpoints.A.todo,findoutB.beingdone,tofindoutC.todo,toholdoutD.beingdone,holdout答案：AWhenwilltheplanearrive?---Iwilltellyouwhen.A.IhavebeenfindingoutB.IfindoutC.IamfindingoutD.Iwillfindout答案：B3、Tomisbadlyillinhospital.Thedoctorsaretryingtheirbesttowhat’sthematterwithhim.A.findoutB.findC.inventD.discover答案：AWhenwilltheplanearrive?---Iwilltellyouwhen.A.IhavebeenfindingoutB.IfindoutC.IamfindingoutD.Iwillfindout答案：B10、TheysaidthatthejobandthepayfromthenewSouthAfricangovernmentweremyrewardafterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsfortheBlacks.他們說新南非政府給我的工作和工資是對我一生致力于為黑人平等權(quán)利而工作的獎賞。易混辨析：award,prize,reward獎award“獎，獎品”。對于優(yōu)異成績獲卓越貢獻經(jīng)過評定后正式授予的獎勵。獎勵可以是精神的，也可以是物質(zhì)的。其獲得這并不一定參加某種競賽，但其成績卻達到獲獎水平。prize“獎賞，獎品”。確認某人在競賽中取得優(yōu)異成績并給與特殊獎勵。含有優(yōu)勝者幾經(jīng)拼搏，勝利來之不易的意思。廣義指極好的東西，珍品。reward“報答，酬勞”不指榮譽，指應得的報酬。即時活用：Itiswidelyacceptedthatyoungbabieslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadto.A.rewardsB.prizesC.awardsD.results答案：A11、WeweresurprisedwhenheleftUniversitytosetuphisowncompany“Microsoft”andmakehisownsoftware.當他離開大學建立自己的公司“微軟”并且制造軟件時我們都感到驚奇。易混辨析：setup;build;found;putup建立setup“開辦；建立”。常和表示組織、機構(gòu)、團體等意義的名詞連用；與found基本相同，但found更著重打基礎。build“建成；建設”。常指建造較大物體。在表示建立一個商店、企業(yè)時多用start或open。found指建立國家、政權(quán)、組織。putup指“臨時搭建”。著重指建造或搭起具有高度的具體的物體。聯(lián)想擴展：setabout開始；散布setback往回撥；推遲setaside挑出；不顧；不理會setapart使分離；留出setforth動身；啟程；闡明setoff動身；出發(fā)；引爆setoneselfagainst堅決反對setout動身；開始；裝飾；擺放setouttodosth著手做setaboutdoingsth著手做即時活用：in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding答案：C2、It’stenyearssincethescientistonhislife’sworkofdiscoveringthevaluablec