2020版人教版高考英語一輪課件基礎語法 構(gòu)詞法

構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法1知識網(wǎng)絡構(gòu)詞法轉(zhuǎn)化法

動詞→名詞Let’sgooutforawalk.我們出去散散步吧。(walk)名詞→動詞WelunchedatWhite’s.我們在懷特家吃午飯。(lunched)形容詞→動詞Culturehasfurtheredtheadvanceoflanguage.文化促進了語言的發(fā)展。(hasfurthered)知識網(wǎng)絡構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化法動詞→名詞名詞→動詞形容詞→動詞2構(gòu)詞法合成法合成名詞如：bookmark(書簽)；guidebook(指南手冊)；workshop(研討會；車間)；sunset(日落)合成形容詞如：lifelong(終身的；畢生的)；heartbreaking(令人心碎的)；absent-minded(心不在焉的)構(gòu)合成法合成名詞如：合成形容詞如：3構(gòu)詞法合成法合成動詞如：whitewash(用石灰水刷白)；overcome(戰(zhàn)勝)；overthrow(推翻)合成副詞如：anyway(無論如何)；everywhere(到處)；however(盡管如此)；forever(永遠)合成介詞如：inside(在......里)；outside(在......外)；throughout(遍及)；within(在......之內(nèi))構(gòu)合成法合成動詞如：合成副詞如：合成介詞如：4構(gòu)詞法如：smog(smoke+fog)煙霧；brunch(breakfast+lunch)早午餐；newscast(news+broadcast)新聞廣播;faction(fact+fiction)紀實文學；sci-fi(science+fiction)科幻小說；docudrama(document+drama)紀錄片如：television→TV(讀字母音)電視;veryimportantperson→VIP(讀字母音)要人；TestingofEnglishasaForeignLanguage→TOEFL(作為一個單詞讀音)托福縮略法混合法構(gòu)如：smog(smoke+fog)煙霧；如：tel5構(gòu)詞法派生法前綴un-

如：dress→undress(除去…的衣服);lock→unlock(開鎖)；fold→unfold(展開；顯露)dis-

如：ability→disability(無能力;殘疾)；agree→disagree(意見不一致)；appear→disappear(消失)表否定構(gòu)派前un-如：dis-如：表6構(gòu)詞法派生法前綴表否定in-,il-,im-,ir-

如：accurate→inaccurate(不準確的);legal→illegal(不合法的)；polite→impolite(不禮貌的)；possible→impossible(不可能的);regular→irregular(不規(guī)則的)mis-

如：behave→misbehave(行為不端)；understand→misunderstand(誤解);fortune→misfortune(不幸)non-如：anon-drinker不喝酒的人；non-existence不存在；non-smoking非吸煙(區(qū))構(gòu)派前表in-,il-,im-,ir-如：mis7構(gòu)詞法派生法前綴表重復re-如：arrange→rearrange(重新安排)；consider→reconsider(重新考慮)；create→recreate(重現(xiàn)；重建)表動化en-

如：able→enable(使能夠)；large→enlarge(擴大)；rich→enrich(使充實)構(gòu)派前表重復re-如：表動化en-如：8構(gòu)詞法派生法后綴表示人-er如：buy→buyer(買主，購買者);design→designer(設計者)；dance→dancer(舞者)-or如：act→actor(男演員);invent→inventor(發(fā)明者)；direct→director(指導者;導演)-ee如：employ→employee(受雇者,雇員);interview→interviewee(被采訪者；被面試者)構(gòu)派后表-er如：-or如：-ee如：9構(gòu)詞法派生法后綴表示人-ist

如：art→artist(藝術家，美術家);special→specialist(專家)；violin→violinist(小提琴演奏家)-ian

如：music→musician(音樂家;樂師);politics→politician(政治家)構(gòu)派后表-ist如：-ian如：10-ant

如：account→accountant(會計)；assist→assistant(助手);serve→servant(仆人；傭人)-ess或woman

如：god→goddess(女神)；poet→poetess(女詩人);policeman→policewoman(女警察)構(gòu)詞法派生法后綴表示人-ant如：-ess或woman如：構(gòu)派后表11構(gòu)詞法派生法名詞后綴-ness

如：awkward→awkwardness(笨拙;尷尬)；careless→carelessness(粗心)-ment

如：chieve→achievement(成就;達成);accomplish→accomplishment(成就；成績)-al

如：approve→approval(贊成;批準)；arrive→arrival(到達)；survive→survival(存活；幸存)構(gòu)派名詞-ness如：-ment如：-al12構(gòu)詞法派生法名詞后綴-tion

如：attract→attraction(吸引)；collect→collection(收藏品)；connect→connection(聯(lián)系;連接物)-(ss)ion

如：discuss→discussion(討論);express→expression(表情);admit→admission(入場費；準入)-ance

如：accept→acceptance(接受);appear→appearance(出現(xiàn);外表);assist→assistance(幫助)構(gòu)派名詞-tion如：-(ss)ion如：-an13構(gòu)詞法派生法名詞后綴-ence

如：depend→dependence(信賴,依賴);differ→difference(差異);exist→existence(存在；生存)-ture

如：mix→mixture(混合；混合物);fail→failure(失敗;沒做到);press→pressure(壓力)-y

如：recover→recovery(恢復,痊愈);deliver→delivery(遞送，投遞);discover→discovery(發(fā)現(xiàn))構(gòu)派名詞-ence如：-ture如：-y如14構(gòu)詞法派生法名詞后綴-(i)ty

如：electric→electricity(電);equal→equality(同等;平等);safe→safety(安全)動詞后綴-en

如：length→lengthen(使)變長,延伸;strength→strengthen(加強)；fright→frighten(恐嚇)形容詞后綴-en

如：gold→golden(金制的)；wood→wooden(木制的)；構(gòu)派名詞后綴-(i)ty如：動詞后綴-en如：形15練模擬操一、語法填空1.(2018河南安陽)ThestructuralprinciplesofChinesearchitecturehaveremainedlargely___________(change),themainchangesbeingonlythedecorativedetails.因remained在此處是系動詞，由后面的only可知是沒有變化。unchanged練模擬操一、語法填空1.(2018河南安陽)Thest162.(2018河南安陽)Thefacialexpressionandinnerworldofasmallstatuewereportrayed(刻畫)most________(vivid).修飾動詞portrayed，一般要用副詞。3.(2018河南診調(diào))Ilovethebook’s__________(organize).名詞作love的賓語。vividlyorganization2.(2018河南安陽)Thefacialexpre174.Mostdonotrealizeitis_________(extreme)importantandamazing.副詞作狀語，修飾形容詞important。5.(2018河北張家口)Theresultsshowedthatbothfamilyrelationshipsandfriendshipsare_______(close)linkedtobetterhealthandhappiness.副詞作狀語，修飾動詞linked。extremelyclosely4.Mostdonotrealizeitis_186.(2018河北石家莊)Wealsopaidbyphoneformovietickets,take-outfoodandtoshopforgoodsfor_________(deliver).介詞后要用名詞作賓語。7.(2018河北石家莊)GuYutoldmethatfromtinystreetstandstolargechains,ahugenumberofpeopleacceptmobilepayments,________(most)throughpopularappsAlipayandWeChat.副詞作狀語，意為“大多數(shù)”。mostlydelivery6.(2018河北石家莊)Wealsopaidby198.(2018河北承德)Somechildrenhaveevenrefusedtolearnforexamsbecausetheysaythattheycanonlyachieve________(person)happinessbyavoidingstressfulsituations___________(complete).前空是形容詞作定語，修飾后面的happiness；后空是副詞作狀語，修飾動詞avoiding。9.(2018河北邯鄲)Inspiteofhisobvioustalent,theRomanian_______(art)recentlygotintoanartschoolinordertofullymasterwoodcarving.名詞作主語，這里指人。personalcompletelyartist8.(2018河北承德)Somechildrenha2010.(2018河北保定)NowEdwardsisstudyingEnglishliterature,havingcompletedacollegecoursedesignedforadultswhowanttoreturnto_________(educate)orneedextraqualificationstogoontouniversity.因為前面的to是介詞，故填名詞形式。11.(2018河北保定)________(luck)enough,Iwasaccepted.副詞作狀語，修飾后面的句子。educationLuckily10.(2018河北保定)NowEdwardsiss2112.(2018貴州遵義)Chinahastwenty-eightprovincesandautonomousregionsandfourcitiesdirectlyunderthe________(centre)government.形容詞作定語，修飾后面的government。central12.(2018貴州遵義)Chinahastwent2213.(2018貴州安順)WhatmakesIntheNameofthePeopleunusualisnotonlyhow_______(direct)itdescribestheuglysideofsomecorruptChineseofficials,butitalsohasgotthe_______(permit)ofourcountry’stopofficials.前空是副詞作狀語，修飾動詞describes;后空是名詞作賓語，指得到高官的允許。directlypermission13.(2018貴州安順)WhatmakesInth2314.(2018廣西防城港)Hewassittingatatableclosetousandwetalked__________(excited)withhimaboutthebeautysurroundingus.副詞作狀語，修飾動詞talked。15.(2018廣東肇慶)Ifwehavegreatconfidenceinour________(able),wecanovercomeanyobstacle.這里的ability是可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)常識可知用復數(shù)。abilitiesexcitedly14.(2018廣西防城港)Hewassitting2416.(2018廣東揭陽)Healwayscomplainedaboutallthe______________(convenience)causedbyhisneighbours.名詞作賓語，根據(jù)句意可知用inconvenience(不便)。17.(2018廣東揭陽)Nowheknewthe_________(important)oftreatingotherskindly.名詞作knew的賓語。inconvenienceimportance16.(2018廣東揭陽)Healwayscompla2518.(2018廣東東莞)Besides,thereisalwaysa____________(perform)ofatraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument,suchastheguzheng,pipaanderhu.因therebe后一般只接名詞，故填performance。19.(2018廣東東莞)Theemojiisregardedasakindofnew___________(express).名詞作of的賓語。performanceexpression18.(2018廣東東莞)Besides,therei2620.(2018福建漳州)Ifeveryonedoesthesame,wecanmakeabig__________(different).名詞作make的賓語。21.(2018安徽六安)Itsantioxidantcanhelp________________________(strong)yourimmunesystem.由help的用法helpsb(to)do可知。strengthen/tostrengthendifference20.(2018福建漳州)Ifeveryonedoes2722.(2018安徽黃山)Shesuggeststhatweshouldthinkmoreaboutrecyclingourwaste,whichcanbringussuchbenefitsasprotectingtheenvironment,increasing____________(employ)anddevelopingourcountry.名詞作increasing的賓語。23.(2018安徽毫州)Thesememoriesgiveme_________(strong)tocarryonthefamilyvalues.Thesememoriesgivemea“common”and“solid”groundinmylife.名詞作give的賓語。employmentstrength22.(2018安徽黃山)Shesuggeststha2824.(2018云南二檢)Asa___________(music),Dylanhassoldmorethan100millionrecords,makinghimoneofthebest-sellingartistsofalltime.職業(yè)名詞作表語。25.(2018湖北天門)Butthefightingscenesalonedon’texplainthemovie’s_________(succeed)名詞作explain的賓語。musiciansuccess24.(2018云南二檢)Asa___________2926.(2018四川資陽)Itisobviousthatthewidespreadandrecognitionofwesternholidaysis_________(harm)toourtraditionalvalue.若作表語，一般用形容詞。27.(2018福建泉州)Somethingcansoundniceonthemenu,butwhenitcomes,youfindthatthe___________(combine)offlavors(味道)iswrong.名詞作賓語。harmfulcombination26.(2018四川資陽)Itisobviousth3028.(2018河北滄州)Tosolvetheparkingproblem,governmentsandcompaniesneedtoimprovethebikenetwork,setupparkingareasforbikesandcarryoutsevere____________(punish).名詞作carryout的賓語。29.(2018河北邢臺)Everyone,themedia,themedicalcommunityoperatefromthefirm___________(assume)thatobesityisdeadly.名詞作賓語，后接同位語從句。assumptionpunishment28.(2018河北滄州)Tosolvethepar3130.(2018四川內(nèi)江)Atthesedisplaysfamilymembersaccompanytheirelderstohavearelaxingdayinanaturalatmospherewhilewishingforgoodhealthand___________(happy)forthem.由與之并列的health可知用名詞形式。31.(2018湖北襄陽)TheWHOannounced,in2014,aplantofightobesityandinvitedgovernmentstoencourageitscitizenstoadopta________(sense)dietandtotakeupsomeexercise.形容詞作定語,修飾后面的diet,意為“合理的飲食”。sensiblehappiness30.(2018四川內(nèi)江)Atthesedispla3232.(2018廣東佛山)Chinatodayisacountryrichinancientknowledgeandcustom,yetonethatisalsoburstingwith___________(create).名詞作介詞with的賓語，一起構(gòu)成介詞短語。33.(2018廣東茂名)Sheisveryquietduringhisclassesandthestudentshavecometoacceptherwith_________(warm).介詞后接名詞，withwarmth意為“熱情地”。warmthcreativity32.(2018廣東佛山)Chinatodayis3334.(2018黑龍江七臺河)Whenemployeesarehappyatwork,theyarealsousuallymore_________(create)andmotivatedtodogreatwork,andthatisthecaseatGoogle.作表語，一般用形容詞形式。35.(2018河南濮陽)Without__________(hesitate),shepickedhimupandcarriedhimbacktothebus,sohecouldwarmupwhiletheywaitedforpolicetoarrive.名詞作賓語。hesitationcreative34.(2018黑龍江七臺河)Whenemployee3436.(2018河南周口)Heexperiencedthousandsof________(fail).由thousandsof可知這里的failure是可數(shù)名詞。37.(2018湖南懷化)Duringhislife,heinventedmanythings,suchasthefirstpocket-sizedradio,thefirstpocket___________(calculate),andthefirstdigitalwatch.名詞作invented的賓語。failurescalculator36.(2018河南周口)Heexperiencedt3538.(2018湖南邵陽)Itsotestedmy_________(patient).名詞作tested的賓語。39.(2018山西太原)Itisessentialtoour_______(survive).名詞作to的賓語。40.(2018山西孝義)TodayinJapan,kitesareoftenflownaspartofa___________(celebrate),suchasthebeginningofanewyear.名詞作of的賓語。celebrationpatiencesurvival38.(2018湖南邵陽)Itsotestedmy3641.(2018安徽宿州)__________(original)fromthecollectionofancientChinesepoetryBookofSongs,thewordtongpaoisnowusedtodescribewhoeverappreciate___________(tradition)HanChineseclothing.前空是副詞作狀語;后空是形容詞作定語，修飾后面的clothing。Originallytraditional41.(2018安徽宿州)__________(ori3742.(2018廣東肇慶)EverynightonJinanUniversity’scampusinGuangzhou,agroupofstudentsplaysdiabolo(空竹)asacrowdwatchesonin___________(amaze).介詞后要用名詞作賓語，構(gòu)成介詞短語。amazement42.(2018廣東肇慶)Everynighton3843.(2018福建福州)Thoughdogsareseenascompanionsandpartofthefamilytoday,Chinaandwesterncountriesdonothavethesamecultural______(believe)aboutdogs.名詞作have的賓語。44.(2018湖北武漢)TheSilkRoadlinkedancientRomeand_______(distance)China.形容詞作定語，修飾后面的China。beliefdistant43.(2018福建福州)Thoughdogsare3945.(2018甘肅張掖)Astomeaning,IrarelyreciteitsChinese____________(translate)butoftenputthewordintothesentencetolearnitsmeaning.在句中作動詞recite的賓語，用名詞，故填translation。46.(2018安徽蚌埠)Iwas________(able)tofindafriendwhowantedtojoinmeforthemovietonight,soIwasplanningtogoalone.根據(jù)soIwasplanningtogoalone可知。unabletranslation45.(2018甘肅張掖)Astomeaning,I40二、短文改錯1.(2018山西晉城)Asisknowntoall,itisoneoftheChinesetraditionalvirtuestobegratefultowhoeverhasbeenkindandhelptous.形容詞與前面的kind一起作表語。2.(2018山東德州)Theytelleachothertheirlivesinthepastyear,exchangegiftsandeatdeliciousmealsinthewarmofthefamily.名詞作介詞in的賓語。helpfulwarmth二、短文改錯1.(2018山西晉城)Asisknow413.(2018湖南株洲)Withtheirsupportandencourageit’seasyforyoutoleaveyourcomfortzoneandtrysomethingnew.由and前的并列名詞support可知。4.(2018河北石家莊)Myfriendshavesomestrangewaysofdescribingtheirhungry.名詞作賓語。故用hunger。encouragementhunger3.(2018湖南株洲)Withtheirsuppo425.(2018河北承德)First,smokingisbadforone’shealthy.名詞作介詞for的賓語。6.(2018河北唐山)Fortunately,Qinqianghaslostitspopularitynowadaysandmanyoftheoperahouseshavebeenleftabandoned.根據(jù)句意，此處用反義詞Unfortunately。healthUnfortunately5.(2018河北承德)First,smokingis437.(2018廣西桂林)Chinesepeopletraditionallyhavethoughtofnineasalucknumber.作定語修飾number，用名詞。8.(2018廣東肇慶)It’ssaidthathewillretirefromhispositionnextyearowingtopoorlyhealthconditions.形容詞作定語，修飾后面的health。poorlucky7.(2018廣西桂林)Chinesepeopletr449.(2018安徽毫州市)NowI’llmakeabriefintroducetoher.名詞作make的賓語。10.(2018山東淄博)Thewomanwasverythankfullytomeandthefirefightersforthehelp.若作表語，且表性質(zhì)或特征，一般用形容詞。introductionthankful9.(2018安徽毫州市)NowI’llmakea4511.(2018四川內(nèi)江)“That’saten-milesroundtrip,”Isaid.合成名詞作定語，應用單數(shù)。12.(2018廣州調(diào)研)Oneday,theschedulewaschangedatthelastminute,andinsteadofourplannedactive,weallhelpedthestafftofinishcuttingtheweedsbythelake.名詞作介詞insteadof的賓語。activityten-mile11.(2018四川內(nèi)江)“That’saten-m4613.(2018河南三門峽)Theyseemedtobeunimaginablebefore,butnowtheyallcomeintoreal.介詞into后要用名詞作賓語。14.(2018河南周口)Ifyoufindapositionthere,I’msureyou’llseearapidimproveinbothyourcharacterandabilities.名詞improvement作賓語。realityimprovement13.(2018河南三門峽)Theyseemedto4715.(2018湖南邵陽)Tostartwith,wesangapopularEnglishsonghappyandthenwepractisedourspokenEnglish.修飾動詞sang，一般要用副詞。16.(2018山西孝義)Ifoundmathespeciallydifficulty.形容詞作math的補語。happilydifficult15.(2018湖南邵陽)Tostartwith,4817.(2018安徽宿州)IadmireherverymuchforspreadingChinesecultureinAmerican.名詞作賓語，表示地點。18.(2018廣東順德)IwouldliketoexpressmygratitudeforyourhospitalityandkindwhenIwasinLondon.根據(jù)與之并列的hospitality可知。Americakindness17.(2018安徽宿州)Iadmireherve4919.(2018湖北武漢)Butovertheyears,Ifeltguiltaboutitsomuch.系動詞后接形容詞作表語，表特征。20.(2018甘肅張掖)ThefirstreasonisthatIcanearnsomepocketmoneytosatisfymydailyneedsandthusdevelopasenseofdependence.根據(jù)語境，應該是形成獨立意識。guiltyindependence19.(2018湖北武漢)Butovertheye5021.(2018安徽蚌埠)Johnwasanativeandquitewarm-heartedlymanandhewasfamiliarwiththeseasidewell.形容詞作定語，修飾后面的man。22.(2018安徽蕪湖)Aboveall,itisrecommendedthatyoushouldreadsomepoems,andlearntoappreciatethebeautifulofChineseculture.名詞作appreciate的賓語。warm-heartedbeauty21.(2018安徽蚌埠)Johnwasanati51Thankyou!Thankyou!52

構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法53知識網(wǎng)絡構(gòu)詞法轉(zhuǎn)化法

動詞→名詞Let’sgooutforawalk.我們出去散散步吧。(walk)名詞→動詞WelunchedatWhite’s.我們在懷特家吃午飯。(lunched)形容詞→動詞Culturehasfurtheredtheadvanceoflanguage.文化促進了語言的發(fā)展。(hasfurthered)知識網(wǎng)絡構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化法動詞→名詞名詞→動詞形容詞→動詞54構(gòu)詞法合成法合成名詞如：bookmark(書簽)；guidebook(指南手冊)；workshop(研討會；車間)；sunset(日落)合成形容詞如：lifelong(終身的；畢生的)；heartbreaking(令人心碎的)；absent-minded(心不在焉的)構(gòu)合成法合成名詞如：合成形容詞如：55構(gòu)詞法合成法合成動詞如：whitewash(用石灰水刷白)；overcome(戰(zhàn)勝)；overthrow(推翻)合成副詞如：anyway(無論如何)；everywhere(到處)；however(盡管如此)；forever(永遠)合成介詞如：inside(在......里)；outside(在......外)；throughout(遍及)；within(在......之內(nèi))構(gòu)合成法合成動詞如：合成副詞如：合成介詞如：56構(gòu)詞法如：smog(smoke+fog)煙霧；brunch(breakfast+lunch)早午餐；newscast(news+broadcast)新聞廣播;faction(fact+fiction)紀實文學；sci-fi(science+fiction)科幻小說；docudrama(document+drama)紀錄片如：television→TV(讀字母音)電視;veryimportantperson→VIP(讀字母音)要人；TestingofEnglishasaForeignLanguage→TOEFL(作為一個單詞讀音)托?？s略法混合法構(gòu)如：smog(smoke+fog)煙霧；如：tel57構(gòu)詞法派生法前綴un-

如：dress→undress(除去…的衣服);lock→unlock(開鎖)；fold→unfold(展開；顯露)dis-

如：ability→disability(無能力;殘疾)；agree→disagree(意見不一致)；appear→disappear(消失)表否定構(gòu)派前un-如：dis-如：表58構(gòu)詞法派生法前綴表否定in-,il-,im-,ir-

如：accurate→inaccurate(不準確的);legal→illegal(不合法的)；polite→impolite(不禮貌的)；possible→impossible(不可能的);regular→irregular(不規(guī)則的)mis-

如：behave→misbehave(行為不端)；understand→misunderstand(誤解);fortune→misfortune(不幸)non-如：anon-drinker不喝酒的人；non-existence不存在；non-smoking非吸煙(區(qū))構(gòu)派前表in-,il-,im-,ir-如：mis59構(gòu)詞法派生法前綴表重復re-如：arrange→rearrange(重新安排)；consider→reconsider(重新考慮)；create→recreate(重現(xiàn)；重建)表動化en-

如：able→enable(使能夠)；large→enlarge(擴大)；rich→enrich(使充實)構(gòu)派前表重復re-如：表動化en-如：60構(gòu)詞法派生法后綴表示人-er如：buy→buyer(買主，購買者);design→designer(設計者)；dance→dancer(舞者)-or如：act→actor(男演員);invent→inventor(發(fā)明者)；direct→director(指導者;導演)-ee如：employ→employee(受雇者,雇員);interview→interviewee(被采訪者；被面試者)構(gòu)派后表-er如：-or如：-ee如：61構(gòu)詞法派生法后綴表示人-ist

如：art→artist(藝術家，美術家);special→specialist(專家)；violin→violinist(小提琴演奏家)-ian

如：music→musician(音樂家;樂師);politics→politician(政治家)構(gòu)派后表-ist如：-ian如：62-ant

如：account→accountant(會計)；assist→assistant(助手);serve→servant(仆人；傭人)-ess或woman

如：god→goddess(女神)；poet→poetess(女詩人);policeman→policewoman(女警察)構(gòu)詞法派生法后綴表示人-ant如：-ess或woman如：構(gòu)派后表63構(gòu)詞法派生法名詞后綴-ness

如：awkward→awkwardness(笨拙;尷尬)；careless→carelessness(粗心)-ment

如：chieve→achievement(成就;達成);accomplish→accomplishment(成就；成績)-al

如：approve→approval(贊成;批準)；arrive→arrival(到達)；survive→survival(存活；幸存)構(gòu)派名詞-ness如：-ment如：-al64構(gòu)詞法派生法名詞后綴-tion

如：attract→attraction(吸引)；collect→collection(收藏品)；connect→connection(聯(lián)系;連接物)-(ss)ion

如：discuss→discussion(討論);express→expression(表情);admit→admission(入場費；準入)-ance

如：accept→acceptance(接受);appear→appearance(出現(xiàn);外表);assist→assistance(幫助)構(gòu)派名詞-tion如：-(ss)ion如：-an65構(gòu)詞法派生法名詞后綴-ence

如：depend→dependence(信賴,依賴);differ→difference(差異);exist→existence(存在；生存)-ture

如：mix→mixture(混合；混合物);fail→failure(失敗;沒做到);press→pressure(壓力)-y

如：recover→recovery(恢復,痊愈);deliver→delivery(遞送，投遞);discover→discovery(發(fā)現(xiàn))構(gòu)派名詞-ence如：-ture如：-y如66構(gòu)詞法派生法名詞后綴-(i)ty

如：electric→electricity(電);equal→equality(同等;平等);safe→safety(安全)動詞后綴-en

如：length→lengthen(使)變長,延伸;strength→strengthen(加強)；fright→frighten(恐嚇)形容詞后綴-en

如：gold→golden(金制的)；wood→wooden(木制的)；構(gòu)派名詞后綴-(i)ty如：動詞后綴-en如：形67練模擬操一、語法填空1.(2018河南安陽)ThestructuralprinciplesofChinesearchitecturehaveremainedlargely___________(change),themainchangesbeingonlythedecorativedetails.因remained在此處是系動詞，由后面的only可知是沒有變化。unchanged練模擬操一、語法填空1.(2018河南安陽)Thest682.(2018河南安陽)Thefacialexpressionandinnerworldofasmallstatuewereportrayed(刻畫)most________(vivid).修飾動詞portrayed，一般要用副詞。3.(2018河南診調(diào))Ilovethebook’s__________(organize).名詞作love的賓語。vividlyorganization2.(2018河南安陽)Thefacialexpre694.Mostdonotrealizeitis_________(extreme)importantandamazing.副詞作狀語，修飾形容詞important。5.(2018河北張家口)Theresultsshowedthatbothfamilyrelationshipsandfriendshipsare_______(close)linkedtobetterhealthandhappiness.副詞作狀語，修飾動詞linked。extremelyclosely4.Mostdonotrealizeitis_706.(2018河北石家莊)Wealsopaidbyphoneformovietickets,take-outfoodandtoshopforgoodsfor_________(deliver).介詞后要用名詞作賓語。7.(2018河北石家莊)GuYutoldmethatfromtinystreetstandstolargechains,ahugenumberofpeopleacceptmobilepayments,________(most)throughpopularappsAlipayandWeChat.副詞作狀語，意為“大多數(shù)”。mostlydelivery6.(2018河北石家莊)Wealsopaidby718.(2018河北承德)Somechildrenhaveevenrefusedtolearnforexamsbecausetheysaythattheycanonlyachieve________(person)happinessbyavoidingstressfulsituations___________(complete).前空是形容詞作定語，修飾后面的happiness；后空是副詞作狀語，修飾動詞avoiding。9.(2018河北邯鄲)Inspiteofhisobvioustalent,theRomanian_______(art)recentlygotintoanartschoolinordertofullymasterwoodcarving.名詞作主語，這里指人。personalcompletelyartist8.(2018河北承德)Somechildrenha7210.(2018河北保定)NowEdwardsisstudyingEnglishliterature,havingcompletedacollegecoursedesignedforadultswhowanttoreturnto_________(educate)orneedextraqualificationstogoontouniversity.因為前面的to是介詞，故填名詞形式。11.(2018河北保定)________(luck)enough,Iwasaccepted.副詞作狀語，修飾后面的句子。educationLuckily10.(2018河北保定)NowEdwardsiss7312.(2018貴州遵義)Chinahastwenty-eightprovincesandautonomousregionsandfourcitiesdirectlyunderthe________(centre)government.形容詞作定語，修飾后面的government。central12.(2018貴州遵義)Chinahastwent7413.(2018貴州安順)WhatmakesIntheNameofthePeopleunusualisnotonlyhow_______(direct)itdescribestheuglysideofsomecorruptChineseofficials,butitalsohasgotthe_______(permit)ofourcountry’stopofficials.前空是副詞作狀語，修飾動詞describes;后空是名詞作賓語，指得到高官的允許。directlypermission13.(2018貴州安順)WhatmakesInth7514.(2018廣西防城港)Hewassittingatatableclosetousandwetalked__________(excited)withhimaboutthebeautysurroundingus.副詞作狀語，修飾動詞talked。15.(2018廣東肇慶)Ifwehavegreatconfidenceinour________(able),wecanovercomeanyobstacle.這里的ability是可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)常識可知用復數(shù)。abilitiesexcitedly14.(2018廣西防城港)Hewassitting7616.(2018廣東揭陽)Healwayscomplainedaboutallthe______________(convenience)causedbyhisneighbours.名詞作賓語，根據(jù)句意可知用inconvenience(不便)。17.(2018廣東揭陽)Nowheknewthe_________(important)oftreatingotherskindly.名詞作knew的賓語。inconvenienceimportance16.(2018廣東揭陽)Healwayscompla7718.(2018廣東東莞)Besides,thereisalwaysa____________(perform)ofatraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument,suchastheguzheng,pipaanderhu.因therebe后一般只接名詞，故填performance。19.(2018廣東東莞)Theemojiisregardedasakindofnew___________(express).名詞作of的賓語。performanceexpression18.(2018廣東東莞)Besides,therei7820.(2018福建漳州)Ifeveryonedoesthesame,wecanmakeabig__________(different).名詞作make的賓語。21.(2018安徽六安)Itsantioxidantcanhelp________________________(strong)yourimmunesystem.由help的用法helpsb(to)do可知。strengthen/tostrengthendifference20.(2018福建漳州)Ifeveryonedoes7922.(2018安徽黃山)Shesuggeststhatweshouldthinkmoreaboutrecyclingourwaste,whichcanbringussuchbenefitsasprotectingtheenvironment,increasing____________(employ)anddevelopingourcountry.名詞作increasing的賓語。23.(2018安徽毫州)Thesememoriesgiveme_________(strong)tocarryonthefamilyvalues.Thesememoriesgivemea“common”and“solid”groundinmylife.名詞作give的賓語。employmentstrength22.(2018安徽黃山)Shesuggeststha8024.(2018云南二檢)Asa___________(music),Dylanhassoldmorethan100millionrecords,makinghimoneofthebest-sellingartistsofalltime.職業(yè)名詞作表語。25.(2018湖北天門)Butthefightingscenesalonedon’texplainthemovie’s_________(succeed)名詞作explain的賓語。musiciansuccess24.(2018云南二檢)Asa___________8126.(2018四川資陽)Itisobviousthatthewidespreadandrecognitionofwesternholidaysis_________(harm)toourtraditionalvalue.若作表語，一般用形容詞。27.(2018福建泉州)Somethingcansoundniceonthemenu,butwhenitcomes,youfindthatthe___________(combine)offlavors(味道)iswrong.名詞作賓語。harmfulcombination26.(2018四川資陽)Itisobviousth8228.(2018河北滄州)Tosolvetheparkingproblem,governmentsandcompaniesneedtoimprovethebikenetwork,setupparkingareasforbikesandcarryoutsevere____________(punish).名詞作carryout的賓語。29.(2018河北邢臺)Everyone,themedia,themedicalcommunityoperatefromthefirm___________(assume)thatobesityisdeadly.名詞作賓語，后接同位語從句。assumptionpunishment28.(2018河北滄州)Tosolvethepar8330.(2018四川內(nèi)江)Atthesedisplaysfamilymembersaccompanytheirelderstohavearelaxingdayinanaturalatmospherewhilewishingforgoodhealthand___________(happy)forthem.由與之并列的health可知用名詞形式。31.(2018湖北襄陽)TheWHOannounced,in2014,aplantofightobesityandinvitedgovernmentstoencourageitscitizenstoadopta________(sense)dietandtotakeupsomeexercise.形容詞作定語,修飾后面的diet,意為“合理的飲食”。sensiblehappiness30.(2018四川內(nèi)江)Atthesedispla8432.(2018廣東佛山)Chinatodayisacountryrichinancientknowledgeandcustom,yetonethatisalsoburstingwith___________(create).名詞作介詞with的賓語，一起構(gòu)成介詞短語。33.(2018廣東茂名)Sheisveryquietduringhisclassesandthestudentshavecometoacceptherwith_________(warm).介詞后接名詞，withwarmth意為“熱情地”。warmthcreativity32.(2018廣東佛山)Chinatodayis8534.(2018黑龍江七臺河)Whenemployeesarehappyatwork,theyarealsousuallymore_________(create)andmotivatedtodogreatwork,andthatisthecaseatGoogle.作表語，一般用形容詞形式。35.(2018河南濮陽)Without__________(hesitate),shepickedhimupandcarriedhimbacktothebus,sohecouldwarmupwhiletheywaitedforpolicetoarrive.名詞作賓語。hesitationcreative34.(2018黑龍江七臺河)Whenemployee8636.(2018河南周口)Heexperiencedthousandsof________(fail).由thousandsof可知這里的failure是可數(shù)名詞。37.(2018湖南懷化)Duringhislife,heinventedmanythings,suchasthefirstpocket-sizedradio,thefirstpocket___________(calculate),andthefirstdigitalwatch.名詞作invented的賓語。failurescalculator36.(2018河南周口)He