小升初英語分類復(fù)習(xí)

名詞的數(shù)及所有格幺詞是表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)武林象概念幺稱的詞。它分為普通名詞和專有名詞，普通名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。一、可涉攵詞有單涉和復(fù)數(shù)兩種彩式。表示一個(gè)人或物用單數(shù)形式；表示兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或物用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(1)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化一船情汨(T)在詞尾加-s1.清輔音后讀/s/;map-mapslake-lakesbook-books2.演輔音和元音后bag-bags讀/z/;car-cars.ruler-rulerspen-pens②以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)在詞后加-es讀/iz/bus-buseswatch-watches注：(以ce.se.ze,(d)ge等結(jié)尾的詞 加1?s讀/iz/license-licenses)②以輔音字冊(cè)+v結(jié)尾的詞存v為i再加-es讀/z/ baby—babiesfamily-familes注：boy-boystoy-toys④以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式多數(shù)是變f或fe為v,再加-es。讀/z/如：leaf-leavesthief-thieveswife-wivesknife-knives但是：roof-roofsgulf-gulfs⑤以。結(jié)尾的名詞，有生命的變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)再加-es讀/z/加：Neer。-Negroes里人hero-heroes范雄tomato-tcmatoes西紅柿potato-potatoes馬鈴蓍(口訣：黑人英雄吃西紅柿和馬鈴蓍)無生命的變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)加?s讀/z/如：photo-photosradio-radios(2)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化：①改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母，或其他形式。如child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethgoose-geesemouse—mice man—menwoman--women②國人變復(fù)數(shù)：中日不變，英法變，其它加-sOneChinese-twoChineseoneJapanese-twoJapaneseAnEnglishman-threeEnglishmenaFrenchman-twoFrenchmenAnAmerican-twoAmericansaGerman-twoGermans.此勺卜Russian.African.Asian.Australian,Canadian,Italian,European等變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)都是直接在詞尾加-s.③復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式.i.名詞加名詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞，將第二個(gè)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù).如

anoletree-appletreesshoeshop-shoeshopsletterbox-letter-boxesgirlstudent-girlstudentsboystudent-boy-students注意：與man和woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)要把這兩個(gè)詞都變成復(fù)數(shù).manteacher-menteacherswomandoctor-womendoctorsii.sport和其他名詞構(gòu)成詞組時(shí)，習(xí)慣上用復(fù)數(shù)形式sports.如：asportshatsportsnewssportsshoes④特別的復(fù)數(shù)形式i.單復(fù)同形如：deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanesejin,yuan,twoli,threemao,fourjin但除人民幣元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometersii.集體名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。如：oeonlenolicecattle等本身就是復(fù)數(shù)，不能說apeople,apolice,acattle,但可以說aoerson.aooliceman.aheadofcattle.theEnglish,theBritish.theFrench.theChinese,theJapanese,theSwiss等名詞，表示國民總稱時(shí)，作復(fù)數(shù)用。如：TheChineseareindustriesandbrave.中國人民是勤勞勇敢的。iii,以s結(jié)尾，仍為單數(shù)的名詞，如：maths,politics,physics等學(xué)科名詞，為不可數(shù)名詞，是單數(shù)。news是不可數(shù)名詞。theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.聯(lián)合國是1945年組建起來的。d.以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名，劇名，報(bào)紙，雜志名，也可視為單數(shù)?！癟heArabianNights"isaveryinterestingstory-book.vv一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事書。iv.表示由兩部分松成的東西.只用分獨(dú)弦式如：glasses（眼鏡）trousers褲子clothes衣服gloves手套stockings長筒襪若夫認(rèn)具體豺目.典借助數(shù)量詞pair（對(duì)，雙）；suit（套）；apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousersv.另外還有一些名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可表示特別意思，如：goods貨物，

waters水域，fishes(各種)魚二、不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，它包括抽象名詞，物質(zhì)名詞。如：healthadvicemilkwaterEnglishmoneynewsweatherhomeworkairinformationricetrafficlucknaoertrouble等詞常用作不可數(shù)名詞，因此沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，其謂語動(dòng)詞須用單數(shù)形式。注意：當(dāng)water意為“海水,江水“，paper意為“報(bào)紙，試卷”時(shí)可有復(fù)數(shù)形式。特別提示：不可數(shù)名詞還可以量化，但須用表示量化單位的詞來修飾。如：apieceofnews/paper/work/bread/meatabottleofmilk/waterthreebowlsofricetencupsoftea名詞的格.表示有生命的名詞的名詞所有格一般在詞尾加“‘s”如mymother,sbirthdayJim,spen(2)以s結(jié)尾的名詞所有格，一般只在名詞右上加如theteachers,officetheworkers*clubboys,100-meterrace(3)如果兩個(gè)人共同擁有一樣?xùn)|西.剛只在最后一個(gè)名詞后加上"'s";W是名自擁有，兩個(gè)名詞后面都要加上“‘s''。如：lilyandhicy'sroom(共同擁有)Lily*sandlucy'srooms(各自擁有)特利I棉示：若名詞所有格后所修飾的詞夷示“家.店鋪.辦公空”笑地點(diǎn)名詞，地點(diǎn)名詞通?？梢允÷浴Ｈ纾篴tMr.White's在懷特先生家Atthedoctor*s在診所在atthetailor*s在裁縫店.表示無生命的名詞的所有格(1)涌管采用“cf+攵詞”結(jié)構(gòu)來去示毛牛命東西的攵詞所有辛茶.沛在被修飾名詞的后面。如thedoorofthehousethecoverofthebookThegateoftheschoolthenameofthefilm(2)有叱表示時(shí)間、距離、國彖、城市、團(tuán)體、機(jī)構(gòu)等土牛命東西的女詞.也向■以加卜“‘s”來構(gòu)成而有格.算和攵詞如果以s結(jié)尾.在s的在上角力口即可。如：today*snewspapertenhours*work(3)有幾種情況用to來表達(dá)所有格Thekeytothedoor門口的鑰匙theanswertothequestion問題的

答案thetickettotheconcert音樂會(huì)的門票.雙重所有格雙重所有格是將。f所有格和“'s”所有格結(jié)合在一起表示所有關(guān)系。如：Afriendofmysister*siscomingtonight.今晚我姐姐的一個(gè)朋友要來Twosonsofmybrother,sarestudents我哥哥的兩個(gè)兒子是學(xué)生。洋意：anhotoofKate,s凱特的一張相匕（昭匕有祖名張.故具是苴中一張.箱特卜柏的人不一定是凱特）aphotoofKate一張凱特的照片（照片上拍的人是凱特）三、專有名詞專用分詞是去示且休的人、事物、地占或機(jī)構(gòu)等專有幺稱的詞匯.專有幺詞的第一個(gè)字母要大寫，專用名詞前一般不用冠詞，但由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞除外。I73I73、5、6、C、piecesofCC、piecesofC、milkssC、Lily'sandLucyC、Tom'sA、pieces B、pieceofDoyouwanttodrinkmuch?A、amilk B、milkThisisroom.It'sverybig.A^LilyandLucy'sB、Lily'sandLucyGerman,GermenD.Germans,GermanyWevisitedhouseyesterday.German,GermenD.Germans,GermanyA、Tom B、TomsDoyouwantsome forsupper?A、apotato -B、potatoes C、potatosInautumn,youcanseealotofontheground.A、leaf B、leafs C>leaves7、Mysisterhastwo.Oneisold,theotherisnew.A、awatch B、watchs C、watches8、BestwishestoyouforDay!A、Teacher*s B>Teachers9 C、Teacher9、ManychildrenliketogotothePalaceonSunday.A、Children B、Childrenys C、Childrens91010、TheycomefromJapan.Theyre .A、JapaneseB.JapanesesC.Japans11.theycomefromdifferent A.countryB.countriesC.acountryD.countrys12.Howmanydoyouseeinthepicture?A.tomatosB.tomatoes13.Theyare .A.womanteachers-C.womanteacher14.Wouldyoulike A.twoglassofwaterC.twoglassofwaters15.Mostof liveinAGermans,GermanC.Germen,GermanyC.tomatoD.thetomatoB.womenteachersD.womanteacher,please?B.twoglassesofwaterD.twoglassesofwatersTherearesome inthese .A.knifes,pencil-boxesB.knives,pencils-boxC.knives,pencil-boxD.knives,pencils-boxesPeopleinAmericaeatmuch.A.coffeeB.onionsC.beefDacedwaterTokeephealthy,weshouldeatmorevegetablesandlessA.meatB.foodC.wineD.drinkCanyouimaginewhatlifewillbelikein time?A.20yearsJB.20year'sC.2-years,D.20-yearsWhatkindof doyoulike?IlikecomediesA.booksB.sports C.moviesD.musicWhat'syourfavoriteChinesetraditionalfestival?It，s .A.AprilFooPsDayB.Father*sDayC.ChristmasDayD.SpringFestivalInBritainareallpaintedred.A.letterboxesB.lettersboxesC.letterboxD.lettersboxIhaveread sportsnewsabouttheFlracetoday.A.twoB.piecesC.twopieceDtwopiecesofWherearethe bags?A.childrens*B.childrentsC.childrenofD.ofchildrenTheroomis .A.Lilyandlucy B.LilyandLucy'sC.Lily'sandLucy'sD.Lily'sandlucyIsitbetweenLilyandLucy,thatistosaymyseatisbetween_A.Lilyandlucy B.LilyandLucy,sC.Lily'sandLucy'sD.Lily,sandlucyIknowtwo onyourbasketballgame.A.womanplayer B.womanplayersC.womenplayers D.womenplayerWhereisthekeythedoor?A.ofB.onC.toD.inAstudentof iscomingtoseemeA.meB.myC.mineD.IApersonhastwo.A.footB.footsC.feetD.feets2.填入所給名詞的正確形式.Ihavetwo (knife)Therearemany (box)here.Therearemany ontheroad.Afew (boy)aredrawingonthewall.The (child)areplayingfootballnow.Canyouhelpmebuysome (tomato)?Wouldyouliketofeedthe(deer)?Theyarelovely.The (mandoctor)trytheirbesttosavethegirl.(Today)newspaperisveryuseful.Alotof (toy)areusefulforchildren.Oneofour (student)haslonghair.Anyofyour (idea)wouldbewelcome.IhavereadoneofLuXun's (book)Couldyougivemesome (toothbrush)Thelittlegirlhas4 (tooth)Therearemorethanfifty (piano)inLaibin.Doyouknowthetwo (Canada) (leaf)ofthetreesbegintoturnyellowinautumn.Ihavealotof (homework)todo.Canyougivemesome (advice)onlearningEnglish?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)定義:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：.be動(dòng)詞所構(gòu)成的句子肯定句：I+am+其它You\we\they+are+其它He\she\it+is+其它否定句：I+am+not+其它You\we\they-1-are+not+其它He\she\it+is+not+其它一般疑問句：are+you\we\they+其它???？Yes,Iam.\No,Iamnot.Is+he\she\it+其它…?Yes,heis.\No,heisn,t.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be(are\is\am)+主語+其它.therebe句型結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句:thereis+單數(shù)名詞'不可數(shù)名詞thereare+句*數(shù)名詞的堂數(shù)否定句：thereis\are+not+箕它一般疑問句：is\are+there+其它…？Yes,thereis\are.No,thereisn,t\aren,t.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+is\are+there+其它…？.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子：肯定高：主語+can\may\must+其它(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無人稱上的變化)如：Icanswim.Shecanswim.Theycanswim.Wecanswim.否定句：主語+can\may\must+not+其它(can't=cannot)Ican'tswim.一般疑問句：can\may\must+主語+箕它…？Canyouswim?Yes,Ican.\No,Ican't.特殊嶷問句：疑問詞+can\may\must+主語+箕它…？Whatcanyoudo?.謂語動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞的句子：(1)當(dāng)主語是第一人稱Q\we),第二人稱(you),第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)(they)時(shí)①肯定句：I\we\you\they+行為動(dòng)詞的原形+其它.如：I\we\you\theylikeapples.◎否定句：I\we\you\they+don,t+行為動(dòng)詞的原形+其它.I\we\you\theydon,tlikeapples.③一般疑問句：Do+I\we\you\they+行為動(dòng)詞的原形+其它…？DoI\we\you\theylikeapples?Yes,Ido.\No,Idon,t.④特殊疑問句：疑問詞+do+I\we\you\they+行為動(dòng)詞的原形+其它…？Whatdoyoulike?(2)當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)(he\she\it)時(shí)①肯定句：He\she\it+行為動(dòng)詞的三單形式+其它.Helikesapples.②否定句：he\she\it+doesnot(doesn,t)+行為動(dòng)詞的原形+其它T-Iprlovn，t1iV,pannlx③一般疑問句：Does+he\she\it+行為動(dòng)詞的原形+其它？Doeshelikeapples?Yes,hedoes.\No,hedoesn,t.④特殊疑問句：疑問詞+does+he\she\it+行為動(dòng)詞的原形+其它？Whatdoeshelike?注意:行為動(dòng)詞的三單變化規(guī)律：①多數(shù)動(dòng)詞宣接在動(dòng)詞后+s如：play-playslike-likesask-asks②以字母S,X,sh,ch,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾加-es如：watch-watcheswish-wishesdo-doesgo-goespass-passes②以輔音字母+v結(jié)星的詞亦v為i再加-estry-triesstudy-studiesfly-fliescarry-carries④不規(guī)則變化：be-is\arehave-has讀音柳則:在\t\\d\\k\等清輔音后讀\s\;在\s\,\z\等后讀\IZ\在濁輔音及元音后讀\z\.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。通常與every---,sometimes,usually,often,once(twice,threetimes)aweek,onSundays等時(shí)間狀語連用.Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.Sometimes,heplaysbaskateballwithhisfather.Sheusuallygoestoschoolat7:00.WeoftenvisitthatoldteacheronSundays.2)表示客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.3)表示格言或警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.驕者必?cái)　omanbuterrs注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround..4)現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。Idon'twantsomuch.AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.比較：NowIputthesugarinthecup.Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說明的示范性動(dòng)作，表示言行的瞬間動(dòng)作。再如：Nowwatchme,Iswitchonthecurrentandstandback.第二句中的now是進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志,表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的客觀狀況,所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-S或-es。但有些同學(xué)們對(duì)于哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)還不十分清楚，現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下：一、人禰代詞he,she,it息第三人禰單數(shù)。如：HelikeswatchingTV.他喜歡看電視。Shehaslunchattwelve.她+二點(diǎn)吃午餐。Itlookslikeacat.它看起萊像只貓。二、單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：①HanMeilookslikehermother.韓梅看起來像她的母親。②BeijingisinChina.北京在中國。③UncleWangoftenmakescakes.王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this/that/the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：(T)Ahorseisausefulanimal.馬是有用的動(dòng)物。②Thisbookisyours.這本書是你的。③Thatcarisred.那輛小汽軍是紅色的。④ThecatisLucy's.魚只貓是露茜的。四、不定代詞someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代詞this,that作主語時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：①Everyoneishere.大家到齊了。②Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.這塊手表有毛病。?Thisisapen.這是一支鋼筆。?Thatisaneraser.那是一塊橡皮擦。五、不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)為第三人稱單數(shù)。如：①Themilkisintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。@Thebreadisverysmall.那面包根/j、。六、當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語時(shí)，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如：①"6"isaluckynumber.”6"是個(gè)吉利數(shù)字。②Tisaletter.T是個(gè)字母。鞏固練習(xí)題：L寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)：washmatchguessstudyfinishgo snow.carry _stop see_driveletcarrykeepjoinfindthinkteachcatchstaybeginforeetliedierunprefergive ring dancen.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：Be制詞專項(xiàng)_hope How you?I fime.IHillary,andmyfamilyname Wei.Whatcolor yourbook?It white.What thisinEnglish?Lily mysister,Lucy mysister,too.They mysisters.These applestrees.Wegoodstudentsyou agoodteacher.TomandLily twins.Fiveandthree eight.10yourIDcardnumber4052666666666666?綜合動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMondays.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday.They (like)theWorldCup.What they(do)onSaturday?Yourparents (read)newspapereveryday.Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSunday.SheandI (take)awalktogethereverymorning.There(be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamebobbies.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.She (notdo)herhomeworkonweekends.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.I (write)toyouassoonasI(get)toLondon.Hedoean9tfeelwelland(noteat)anyfoodthismorning.Henot(see)mecomein,forhe(read)somethingwithgreatinterest..1(let)youhavethebookassoonasI(finish)it.Whilewe(wait)forourteacher,alittleboy(run)uptous.Don'tmakeaniose.Grandpa (sleep)..It*ssevennow,Tom,sfamily(watch)TV.It(take)metwohourstofinishmyhomeworklastnight.Whatyourmother(do)ateightyesterdayevening?She (wash)clothes.26.it(rain)whenschoolwasoveryesterday?What(do)tomorrow?We(play)football.There(be)afootballmatchonTVthisevening.Theysaidthey(visit)theGreatWallthenextsummerholiday.Who (dance)thebestinyourclass?Willyoucomeifhe(notcome)?Theteachertoldustheearth(move)roundthesun.They(have)apartyinthegardenifit(notrain)tomorrow.She (buy)asweateryesterday.35.1don'tknowifMr.Wang(go)toShanghaitomorrow.Ifhe (go),I(ask)him(take)somebookstomydaughter,becauseshe(study)there.HI單項(xiàng)選擇：Iwant homework.A.doingB.todoC.doesD.doIt'stime A.gotoschoolBplaygamesC.togohomeD.todomyhomeworksgoandhelpher.A.Let'smeB.Let,susC.Let,sD.Let'stoDotheyhaveanewcar?Yes,.A.theydoB.theydon'tC.theydoesD.theydoesn,tHeoftensupperat6:00intheevening.A.haveB.hasC.ishavingD.iseatingThestudentswillgototheSummerPalaceifittomorrow.A.don,trainB.doesn'trainC.won'trainThereanEnglishfilmnextweek.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.wasgoingtobeThepicturenice.A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islookingShedownandsoonfellasleep.A.liveB.lainC.laidD.layTheytheofficeatnineyesterdaymorning.A.reachedtoB.arrivedC.wentD.gettoWeshallgotoShanghaionbusinessbeforeyoubacknextweek.A.wilcomeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.comeDon,tsmokeuntiltheplaneoff.A.takesB.tookC.wastakenD.istakeIsawhertheroomthismorning.A.toenter()B.enteredC.enterD.enterstheteacheraskedustoschoolontime.A.tocomeB.comingC.comeD.comesJohnisalwaysothers.A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelpHetoldusateight.A.workingB.toworkC.workD.workedYou'dbetterathomeandyourhomework.A.tostay,doB.stay,doC.tostay,todoD.stay,todoHesatdownarest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.hadUncleWangknowsawashingmachine.A.howtomakeB.tomakeC.howmakingD.whattomakeJimdecidedPollytoLingFengwhenhewasbacktoEngland.A.toleaveB.leftC.leavingD.leaveIV將F列句子變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洳⒆鞒龌卮?Thatismybook.Thosearehisbooks.TimandTomaregoodfriends.Iam31.Ourteachersareintheoffice.IhaveabookTheyhavesomepens.Lucygoestoschooleveryday.IneedaballforsportHewantstoseeamovie.V.將上面的句子變?yōu)榉穸ň銿I.對(duì)上面的句子進(jìn)行就劃線部分提問現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活罰或現(xiàn)階段定在進(jìn)行而布作.箕標(biāo)志詞：look!Listen!Now,rightnow,overthere,atthistime,atthemoment,at5:00等?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語Iam+doingYou\we\theyare+doingHe\she\itis+doingIamwatchingTVnow.HeiswatchingTVnow..現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句：主語+be+not+doingIamnotwatchingTVnow.Heisn'twatchingTVnow.注：isn't=isnotaren,t=arenot.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句：相應(yīng)的be動(dòng)詞+主語+doing-?AreyouwatchingTVnow?IshewatchingTVnow?Yes,Iam.\No,Iamnot.Yes,heis.\No,heisn,t..現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)特殊疑問句：疑問詞+相應(yīng)be動(dòng)詞+主語+doing…？Whatareyoudoingnow?要特別在意有些動(dòng)詞其有進(jìn)行時(shí)：.表示事實(shí)狀態(tài)的前詞，如have,belong,possess,cost,owe,exist,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continue等。Ihavetwobrothers.但是當(dāng)have表示開會(huì)，吃飯，玩得高興時(shí)有進(jìn)行時(shí).如：Iamhavingtwobrothers.（這是錯(cuò)誤的句子）Iamhavingameeting］這才是正確而布子）Thishousebelongstome,.表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如know,realize,thinksee,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hate等。Iwantsomeapples.Heneedsyourhelp..瞬間動(dòng)詞，如accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse等。Iacceptyouradvice..系劫詞，如seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,become,turn等Itseemslikeabird.動(dòng)詞加ing（動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞）的變化規(guī)律：.一般情況下,直接加ing.look-lookingcook-cooking.以示爰音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加inglike-likinghate-hating

3.以重讀用音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞.后面只有一個(gè)輔音字母的時(shí)候.雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母.再力11in&,nin-ninninp.nut-nuttingsit-sittingswim-swimmingbegin-beginningstop-stopping相華練習(xí)：(1)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在介詞.nlavrunswimmakeQOlikewriteskireadhavesin&dancenutseebuvlovelivetakecomeeetStODsitbeginshoplisten⑵用所給各詞的正確配式埴空.Thebov (draw)aoicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sin^)intheclassroom.Look,thev (nlav)footballoverthere.What voij (do)now?Mvsister (cook)somefoodatthemoment.Thev (notwater)theflowersnow.Look,thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.whatisvourmomdoing?She(listen)tomusic.It/s6:00now.we (have)sunnernow.Tom(wash)clothes?Yes.heis.Don'tmakeanvnoise.thelittlebabv (sleen)Whereisvourfather?He(read)thebookonthechair.Theteacherisbusv.he(sleen)6hoursadav.Listen,Lucy(sing)underthetree.Sheoften(sing)there.Theeirl(like)wearingaskirt.Nowshe(wear)aredskirt.(3k冼程顆Whoovertherenow?A.are B.issinerin^C. D.sineIt's8:00now.ThestudentanEnglishlesson.A.arehaving B.ishaving C.haveD.hasListen,thebov inthenextroom.A.crv B.crvin^ C.iscrving D.arecryingLook,thetwins newsweaters.A.wear B.wearine C.arewearingD.iswearingDon9ttalkhere.our nddarentsA.aresleeoineB.issleeoineC.sleeoD.sleeos⑷蔣下列旬子張亦成一般疑問問，并進(jìn)行回答，然后將他們變成否定句，最后昂就劃線部分根間.Thevaredcinehousework.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.Iamolavinethefootballintheolavground.

一般過去時(shí)精講一、一般過去時(shí)的概念：一般過去時(shí)用來表示過去某一時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)以及過去習(xí)慣性、反復(fù)性的動(dòng)作。謂語動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞的過去式，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday昨天、lastnight昨晚、lastweek上周、lastyear去年,等。二、一般過去時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：（可分三類不同的結(jié)構(gòu)）l.Be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)在沒有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子中使用be動(dòng)詞，amis的過去式為was;are的過去式為were肯定句式：主語+be（was,were）+其它.否定句式：主語+be（was,were）+not+其它.一般疑問句：Be（was,were）+主語+其它？注:在這種構(gòu)成中，be動(dòng)詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化,即要根據(jù)主語選用was/wereoBe動(dòng)詞分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)，was是表示單數(shù)，were是表示復(fù)數(shù)。2.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)肯定句要使用動(dòng)詞的過去式，否定句和疑問句要使用助動(dòng)詞do和does的過去式did.肯定句式：主語+動(dòng)詞（過去式）+其它否定句式：主語+didn't+動(dòng)詞（原形）+其它[didnot=didn't]一般疑問句：Did+主語+動(dòng)詞（原形）+其它[do,does的過去時(shí)均為did]?注：did和didn't是構(gòu)成?般過去時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞，其特點(diǎn)是要在其后跟動(dòng)詞的原形。4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的?般過去時(shí)態(tài)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)與含有Be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)，是十分相似，請(qǐng)注意觀察?？隙ň涫剑褐髡Z+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+其它.否定句式：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+其它.?般疑問句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+其它？注：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式：can—>could,may-^might,must—>must。三、一般過去時(shí)的判斷標(biāo)志詞yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,last+時(shí)間,時(shí)間+ago,justnow,amomentago,in+過去的時(shí)間，thismorning（一）規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式.一。般情況下，在動(dòng)詞原形后面加?ed。look—?lookedplay-^playedstart—>startedvisit—^visited.以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加-d。live-liveduse-used.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將y改為i，再加-edostudy—?studied,try—>triedfly—>flied.以重讀閉音節(jié)(即輔音+元音+輔音)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，要先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母后，再加-ed。stop—>stopped plan—>planned,prefer—preferred.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等五、一般過去時(shí)的基本用法①一般過去時(shí)的用法表示過去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Hesuddenlyfellilllastnight.他昨晚突然病倒了。②一般過去時(shí)的用法表示過去的習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Shewenttothecinemaonceamonthwhenshewasatschool.她上學(xué)時(shí)每個(gè)月去看一場電影。WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftenwalkedbytheriverside.我在鄉(xiāng)下時(shí)經(jīng)常在河邊散步。一般過去時(shí)表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和often經(jīng)常，always總是，onceaweek一周一次，等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。③一般過去時(shí)的用法敘述過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的一件件事。Shegotupearly,fetchedwater,cleanedtheroomandthenwentoutforawalk.她早早起床，提水，打掃房間然后出去散步。一般過去時(shí)練習(xí)題I.請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空LHe (live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat_ (eat)abirdlastnight.3.We (have)apartylastHalloween.4.Nancy_ (pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.1 _(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They (play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7.Mymother (cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival8.Thegirls (dance)atthepartylastnight.9.1 _(watch)acartoononSaturdaylastweek..you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?.he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he..GaoShan(put)upthepicturelastnight..1(sweep)theflooryesterday.Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.Mike(notgo)tobeduntil12o'clocklastnight.17.1listenedbut(hear)nothing.18.Howmanypeople(be)thereinyourclasslastterm?II.改錯(cuò)題HowisJaneyesterday?Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.Icanflykitessevenyearsago. Didyousawhimjustnow. 三、按要求變換句型。.Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.(一■般疑問句)否定句子：主語+was\were+not+doing+其它注:wasnot=wasn'twerenot=weren*t一般疑問句:was\were+主語+doing+其它特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was\were+主語+doing+其它.用法：(1)表示過去某一進(jìn)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat9:00pmlastSunday.(2)表示一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一動(dòng)作同時(shí)正在進(jìn)行.Iwasreadingmybookswhilehewascleaningthefloor.(3)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一動(dòng)作發(fā)生了.HeplayedwhenIwasstudying.(4)表示過去即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作ShetoldmeshewasleavingforBeijing.4.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：(1)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)往往表示動(dòng)作的未完成性，而一般過去時(shí)往往表示動(dòng)作已完成。試比較：Davidwrotealettertohisfatherlastnight.大衛(wèi)昨晚給他父親寫了一封信。(信寫完了。)Davidwaswritingalettertohisfatheratthistimelastnight.大衛(wèi)昨晚的這個(gè)時(shí)候正在給他父親寫信。(指信在寫的過程中，不一定寫完。)(2).過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和always連用，表示贊揚(yáng)、感嘆、厭惡等感情色彩；而一般過去時(shí)和always連用，表示經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。試比較：Hewasalwayschanginghismind.他總是三心二意。(表示厭惡)Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.去年他總是乘坐公共汽車上班。(表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作).一般說來，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)側(cè)重動(dòng)作持續(xù)時(shí)間的長度；而一般過去時(shí)只說明過去某時(shí)發(fā)生某事，側(cè)重說明事實(shí)。試比較：Itwasrainingheavilylastnight.昨晚下著大雨。(側(cè)重說明下雨持續(xù)的時(shí)間長。)Itrainedheavilylastnight.昨天下了大雨。(側(cè)重說明下雨這一事實(shí)。).在帶有allnight,thewholemorning等強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間長度的狀語時(shí)，句中謂語動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)更好些。如：HewasworkingallnightlastMonday.上周一他整整工作了一個(gè)晚上。.在when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，當(dāng)when相當(dāng)于while時(shí)，用一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)差異不大。如：IsawJohnwhenIwalked/waswalkingtothestation.我步行去火車站時(shí)看見了約翰。但當(dāng)when分句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為一般過去，其主句用一般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，有時(shí)會(huì)引起時(shí)間關(guān)系的變化。試比較：Whenwearrived,shewasmakingsomefreshcoffee.我們到達(dá)時(shí)，她在調(diào)制咖啡。(分句動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，主句動(dòng)作已在發(fā)生.)Whenwearrived,shemadesomefreshcoffee.我們到達(dá)時(shí)，她調(diào)制了咖啡。(分句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。).有些表示狀態(tài)、感覺、心理或情感的動(dòng)詞，如:be,have(有)，see,hear,know,think,believe,understand等，一般不用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，而用一般過去時(shí)。如：Ihadalotofworktodoyesterday.昨天我有許多工作要做一.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I (do)myhomeworkwhenmymomcamein.Mymom (cook)at6:00amyesterday.She (play)atthatmoment.We (talk)aboutyouthewholemorning.Whilewe (wait)forthebus,agirl(run)uptous.I (telephone)afriendwhenBob (come)in.Jim (jump)onthebusasit (move)away.We(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity (go)off.She(notwant)tostayinbedwhiletheothers(all,work)inthefields.Whilemother (put)Cathytobed,thedoorbell (ring).AsI(walk)inthepark,it(begin)torain.Evenwhenshe(be)achildshe(already,think)ofbecomingaballerina(芭蕾舞演員).Itwasquitelateatnight.George (read)andAmy(ply)herneedlewhenthey(hear)aknockatthedoor.ThistimeyesterdayLilyandhermother (stay)athome.What you (do)fromeighttonineyesterday?Whenthewomanwaswalkingdownthestreet,she(see)acatinthetree.Whatyou (do)inMaylastyear.一般將來時(shí)初中英語中表示一般將來時(shí)的語法形式有四種：shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形；begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。一般將來時(shí)表示將來某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),或表示將來某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的經(jīng)常性習(xí)微性的動(dòng)作.常見的時(shí)間狀語有：nextMonday\Sunday-?,tomorrow,thecomingSunday,in+一段時(shí)間：inafewdays,infiveyears,inthefuture等現(xiàn)將這四種形式分述如下：一、主語+shall（只用于第一人稱）/will+動(dòng)詞原形will可用于所有人稱，但shall僅表示單純將來時(shí)，只用于第一人稱I和we,以YouandI為主語時(shí)通常避免用shall.例如：Hewillbebacksoon.他很快就會(huì)回來。Ishall/willbefreeonSunday.星期天我有空。YouandIwillworkinthesamefactory.你和我將在同一工廠工作。will,shall除可表示單純的將來時(shí)以外，還可以帶有意愿的色彩，仍指的是將來。例如：I'llbuyyouabicycleforyourbirthday.你過生日時(shí),我給你買一輛自行車。（表示允諾）Willyouopenthedoorformeplease?請(qǐng)你幫我開門好嗎？（表示請(qǐng)求）ShallIgetyourcoatforyou?我可以為你拿外套嗎？（表示提議）肯定句：peoplewillgotothemoon.否定句：peoplewillnot\won,tgotothemoon.（只要在will的后面加not就行了）一般疑問句：Willpeoplegotothemoon?Yes,theywill.No,theywon,t.特殊疑問句：whenwillpeoplegotothemoon?Therebe句型結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時(shí)：Therewillbe+名詞+其它注意:無論后面的名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),be都要用原型.Therewillbeonlyonecountryinthewholeworldinthefuture.Therewillbemoretreesin100years.否定句：Therewillnotbemoretreesin100years.一般疑問句：Willtherebemoretreesin100years?Yes,therewill.No,therewon,t.特殊疑問句:Howmanytresswilltherebein100years?二、主語+be（am,are,is）goingto+動(dòng)詞原形肯定句：IamgoingtovisitBeijingnextmonth.否定句：IamnotgoingtovisitBeijingnextmonth.一般疑問句：AreyougoingtovisitBeijingnextmonth?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.特殊疑問句：Whatareyougoingtodonextmonth?.表示說話人根據(jù)現(xiàn)在已有的跡象，判斷將要或即將發(fā)生某種情況。這類句子的主語可以是人，也可是物。例如：Thereisgoingtobeafootballmatchinourschooltomorrowafternoon.明天下午我們學(xué)校將有一場足球賽。(已有告示)Ifeelterrible.IthinkI'mgoingtodie.我感到難受極了，我想我快不行了。Lookatthoseblackclouds!It'sgoingtorain.看看那些烏云！天快要下雨了。.表示主語現(xiàn)在的意圖或現(xiàn)已作出的決定，即打算在最近或?qū)磉M(jìn)行某事。這種意圖或決定往往是事先經(jīng)過考慮的。例如：Heisn'tgoingtoseehiselderbrothertomorrow.他明天不準(zhǔn)備去看他哥哥。Maryisgoingtobeateacherwhenshegrowsup.瑪麗決定長大了當(dāng)一名教師。注意：begoingto和will在含義和用法上略有不同。begoingto往往表示事先經(jīng)過考慮的打算，相當(dāng)于打算、計(jì)劃、準(zhǔn)備；will多表示末經(jīng)事先考慮的意圖，多表示意愿、決心。兩者有時(shí)不能互換。例如：Heisstudyinghardandisgoingtotryfortheexams.他正努力學(xué)習(xí)，準(zhǔn)備參加考試。(不能用will替換)一Cansomebodyhelpme? 誰能幫我一下嗎？—Iwill. 我來。(不能用begoingto替換).therebe句型結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時(shí)thereisgoingtobe+單數(shù)句詞'不可數(shù)名詞therearegoingtobe+復(fù)數(shù)名詞therewillbe+任何形式的名詞如：Thereisgoingtobeafootballmatchinourschoolnextmonth.Therearegoingtobe2footballmatchesinourschoolnextmonth.Therewillbea\2footballmatch(es)inourschoolnextmonth.三、一般將來時(shí)可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)來表示：表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行進(jìn)乘表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(go,come,leave,arrive,start等)UncleWangiscominghere.四：?般將來時(shí)還可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示。根據(jù)規(guī)定或時(shí)間表預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來時(shí)。Thenewtermstarts\beginsonAugust29th.注意:在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句從，當(dāng)主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句則只能用?般現(xiàn)在時(shí).IwilltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.由when,before,after,while,not---until,assoonas等引導(dǎo)的句子都是時(shí)間狀語從句.Wewillgotothezooifitdoesn,traintomorrow.由if,unless（除非）引導(dǎo)的句子是條件狀語從句（注意要和賓語從句區(qū)別開來【wanttoknowifyouwillvisitJapantomorrow.）五用“be+動(dòng)詞不定式”或用"beaboutto”+動(dòng)詞原形來表示將來時(shí)。HeistovisitJapannextSunday.Theyareabouttoleave.=Theyareleaving.一般將來時(shí)精編練習(xí)題一：選擇.Mothermeanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.giveHeherabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgiveD.isgoinggivingHeinthreedays.A.comingback B.camebackC.willcomeback D.isgoingtocomingbackWhoswimmingwithustomorrowafternoon?A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;goesThedayaftertomorrowtheyavolleyballmatch.A.willwatchB.watchesC.iswatchingD.towatchTheyanEnglisheveningnextSunday.A.arehaving B.aregoingtohaveC.willhaving D.isgoingtohaveyoufreenextSunday?A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;beHethereattentomorrowmorning.A.willB.isC.willbeD.beIateacherinthefuture.A.will,beB.is,beC.is,beingD.will,isTheytotheparknextSunday.A.willgoesB.willgoC.isgoingD.willgo1l.Myfamilytochurchnextweekend.A.willgoB.goesC.willgoingD.isgoing.Mymotherwillmeapenciltonight.A.givesB.givingC.give.Heplayfootballtomorrow.A.willB.isC.be.Mygrandpaandgrandmatoseeusintwodays.A.willcomingB.willcomeC.iscomingD.arecoming.SheTVthisevening.A.willswatchB.willwatchingC.iswatchingD.willwatch.Mygrandpaathomethedayaftertomorrow.A.willstayB.willsstayC.willstaysD.isstaying.Momwillbacksoon.A.comesB.comingC.comesD.come.Thereameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingto B.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobe D.willgotobe.Charlieherenextmonth.A.isn'tworking B. doesn,tworkingC.isn,tgoingtoworking D.won'twork.Heverybusythisweek,hefreenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe21Thereadolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe22.youfreetomorrow?No.Ifr