語法自己做筆記背-名詞性從句

在句子中起名詞作用的句子主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類1.連詞：that

(無任何詞意)；whether，if（均表示“是否”，表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性）；asif

/as

though

(均表示“好像”，

似乎”)。以上連詞在從句中只起引導(dǎo)作用，不充當(dāng)任何成分。a)

Thatb)whether

or

not(

=if)whether不能被if取代Whether引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首；引導(dǎo)表語從句；whether從句作介詞賓語；從句后有or

notWhetherornot2.連接代詞:what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,

which,

whichever,

whomever以上連接代詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語，whose在從句中充當(dāng)定語成分。a)whob)whosec)

Whichd)whate)whatwhat：疑問意義和關(guān)系意義①疑問意義什么②關(guān)系意義…東西當(dāng)what表示關(guān)系意義時(shí)，可以解釋為the

thingwhich或all

thata)whatb)

What

(

=

the

thing

which)c)what

(all

that)who只具有疑問意義其關(guān)系意義要通過

whoever(主格)/whomever(賓格)those

who…a)whob)whoeverc)whomeverWhat是連接代詞，在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)名詞性成分that是連接詞，在從句中不充當(dāng)成分a)whatb)that3.連接副詞：when，where，how，why，除起連接作用外，還充當(dāng)狀語，分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式和原因狀語。例如：a)

How

we

can increaseour

production

remains

aproblem.（引導(dǎo)主語從句，作方式狀語）如何才能提高生產(chǎn)仍然是個(gè)問題。b)whyc)

Whend)where語序要用陳述語序1.

What

hehas

found2.that

he

missed

theearly

bus3.whoever

needshelp介詞后引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞；引導(dǎo)主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略1.

That

she

was

chosen2.that

our

team

had

won主語從句1.

Whether

he

will

be

able

to

comeWho

will

win

thematchWhere

the

English

evening

will

be

held主語從句后的謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式It+be+名詞+that從句:1.It

is

commonknowledge

that

…

……是2.

It

is

a

surprise

that

…令人驚奇的是……3.

It

is

a

fact

that…事實(shí)是……It

is

necessary

that

…It

is

important

that

…It

is

obvious

that

…It

is

believed

that

…It

is

knownto

allthat

…It

has

been

decided

that

…It

appears

that

…It

happens

that

…It

occurred

to

me

that

…在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣(should)+do1.2.3.that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如果從句是并列句時(shí)，第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省(should)+動(dòng)詞1.

insist(should)

do2.suggest(sh