考研考博-英語-三明醫(yī)學科技職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-三明醫(yī)學科技職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

（

）Isympathize,Ican’treallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.

問題1選項

A.Aslongas

B.As

C.While

D.Even

【答案】C

【解析】考查連詞。A選項Aslongas“只要”；B選項As“只要，隨著”；C選項While“盡管”；D選項Even“甚至，即使”。（）我同情，我對他們脫困幫助不了太多。這里兩個句子是轉折讓步的關系，所以答案A排除，as引導讓步狀語的時候要用部分倒裝，所以答案B排除；D選項是副詞不能連接兩個句子，所以答案D排除；所以答案選C選項。

2.單選題

Intheir（）

thegroupsoldasmanyrecordsasalltheothergroupsinthecountryputtogether.

問題1選項

A.eulogy

B.heyday

C.summit

D.mundaneness

【答案】B

【解析】eulogy“頌詞”；heyday“全盛期”；summit“頂點”；mundaneness“世俗，平凡”。句意：在他們的全盛時期，這個團隊的銷售量是本國其他所有團隊的銷售量總和。選項B符合題意。

3.翻譯題

Translatethe.followingshortparagraphsintoEnglish

本世紀初，小麥簡直就是加拿大西部的命脈。小麥收成好，經濟則繁榮；小麥歉收，經濟則蕭條。城市中大街小巷的人們都在關注著小麥的收成和價格，這種心情就好像他們就是種植者一樣。小麥的市場行情成了人們的熱門話題。

戰(zhàn)爭使西部糧食市場發(fā)生了許多戲劇性的變化。多年以來，農民們不信任在糧食交易所從事的糧食投機買賣。秋季的麥價一般都較低，但是農民們等不到市場好轉。他們常常在小麥一收割后就賣掉，過后則眼睜睜看著小麥漲價，投機者從中發(fā)財。在各種時機，農民團體曾多次要求政府對市場嚴加控制，但政府不想卷入其中，直到戰(zhàn)爭期間，麥價有失控的危險時，政府才介入。由于迫切需要控制通貨膨脹和生活費用上漲，聯邦政府設立了一個糧食監(jiān)督委員會來處理從1917年至1918年的糧食收繳工作。

【答案】Atthebeginningofthiscentury,wheatwasthelifelineofWestofCanada.Theeconomywouldprosperiftherewasagoodharvest,otherwisetheeconomywouldbedepressed.Peopleinurbanareasallpaidattentiontotheharvestandpriceofwheat,asiftheyweretheplanters.Andthemarketconditionofwheatbecameahottopic.

Warhasbroughtaboutnumerousdramaticchangesinwesterngrainmarket.Formanyyears,farmershaveneverbeentrustinggrainspeculationactivities.Generally,thepricewasrelativelylowinfall,however,theycouldnotwaitthehighprice.Theywouldsellwheatonceharvested,andcouldonlyseespeculatorsgaingreatbenefitfromtheincreasingofwheatprice.Duringvariousperiodsoftime,farmergroupshadrequiredthegovernmentstocarryoutstrictcontroluponthegrainmarket,butthegovernmentwouldn’twillingtointerveneuntilthepricewaslostcontrolduringthewar.Asitbecameurgenttocontrolinflationandlivingexpenses,theFederalgovernmentsetuptheGrainOversightCommitteetodealwiththebuyingandsellingofgrainduring1917to1918.

4.單選題

Shefelloffherhorseandbadly（

）herself.

問題1選項

A.wounded

B.damaged

C.injured

D.harmed

【答案】C

【解析】同義詞辨析題。A選項wound“受傷”；B選項damage“損害”；C選項injure“傷害”；D選項harm“危害”。句意：她從馬上摔下來，受了重傷。四個選項都有受傷的意思，但wound側重于在戰(zhàn)爭中受傷；damage通常指對無生命物體造成的損害；injure側重于意外事故導致的傷害；harm側重于導致嚴重的后果。所以選項C更符合語境。

5.單選題

Duringthereadinglesson,theteacheraskedstudentstoreadafew（

）fromthenovel.

問題1選項

A.pieces

B.essays

C.fragments

D.extracts

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:上閱讀課時，老師要求學生閱讀小說中的幾個。

pieces(完整的)作品;essay論文,文章;fragment片段,一般指文藝作品中的殘存部分；extract書本中的摘錄，選段等。故選D。

6.單選題

Howwelookandhowweappeartoothersprobablyworriesusmorewhenweareinourteensorearlytwentiesthanatanyothertimeinourlife.Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.

MostfashionmagazinesorTVadvertisementstrytopersuadeusthatweshoulddressinacertainwayorbehaveinacertainmanner.Ifwedo,theytellus,wewillbeabletomeetnewpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment.Changingfashion,ofcourse,doesnotapplyjusttodress.Abarbertodaydoesnotcutaboy’shairinthesamewayasheusedto,andgirlsdonotmakeupinthesamewayastheirmothersandgrandmothersdid.Theadvertisershowusthelatestfashionablestylesandweareconstantlyunderpressuretofollowthefashionincaseourfriendsthinkweareoddordull.

Whatcausesfashionstochange?Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion.Takehats,forexample.Incoldclimates,earlybuildingswerecoldinside,sopeopleworehatsindoorsaswellasoutside.Inrecenttimes,thelatePresidentKennedycausedadepressionintheAmericanhatindustrybynotwearinghats:moreAmericanmenfollowedhisexample.

Thereisalsoacyclicalpatterninfashion.Inthe1920sinEuropeandAmerica,shortskirtsbecamefashionable.AfterWorldWarTwo,theydroppedtoanklelength.Thentheygotshorterandshortertheminiskirtwasinfashion.Afterafewmoreyears,skirtsbecamelongeragain.

Today,societyismuchfreerandeasierthanitusedtobe.Itisnolongernecessarytodresslikeeveryoneelse.Withinreason,youcandressasyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion.Thepopularityofjeansandthe"untidy"lookseemstobeareactionagainsttheincreasinglyexpensivefashionofthetopfashionhouses.

Atthesametime,appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesandthenwemustchooseourclothescarefully.Itwouldbefoolishtogotoaninterviewforajobinalawfirmwearingjeansandasweater,anditwouldbediscourteoustovisitsomedistinguishedscholarlookingasifweweregoingtothebeachoranightclub.However,youneedneverfeeldepressedifyoudon'tlooklikethelatestfashionphoto.Lookaroundyouandyou’llseethatnooneelsedoeseither!

1.Theauthorthinksthatpeopleare（

）.

2.FashionmagazinesandTVadvertisementsseemtolinkfashionto

（

）.

3.Causesoffashionare

（

）.

4.Present-daysocietyismuchfreerandeasierbecauseitemphasizes

（

）.

5.Whichisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

問題1選項

A.satisfiedwiththeirappearance.

B.concernedaboutappearanceinoldage

C.farfromneglectingwhatisinfashion

D.reluctanttofollowthetrendsinfashion

問題2選項

A.confidenceinlife

B.personaldress

C.individualhairstyle

D.personalfuture

問題3選項

A.uniform

B.varied

C.unknown

D.inexplicable

問題4選項

A.uniform

B.formality

C.informality

D.individuality

問題5選項

A.Careaboutappearanceinformalsituations.

B.Fashioninformalandinformalsituations.

C.Ignoringappearanceininformalsituations.

D.Ignoringappearanceinallsituations.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.（我們中很少有人滿足于接受自己的現狀，也很少有人敢忽視時尚潮流）可知C選項“很難忽視時尚”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的wewillbeabletomeetnewpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment（我們將能夠充滿信心地認識新的人，并且能夠自信地、毫不尷尬地處理每一件事）可知時尚雜志和電視廣告將時尚與人的自信聯系在一起，因此選A。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中的Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion.（有時是方便或實際需要，或僅僅是一個有影響力的人的幻想就能建立起一種時尚）可知導致時尚變化的原因是多變的，沒有特定的原因，因此D選項“無法解釋的”最為恰當。

4.推理判斷題。由文章倒數第二段中的Itisnolongernecessarytodresslikeeveryoneelse.Withinreason,youcandressasyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion.（不再需要像其他人那樣穿衣服了。在合理的范圍內，你可以穿自己喜歡的衣服，也可以用你喜歡的方式做頭發(fā)，而不是你應該做的樣子，因為這是時尚）可知當今社會更尊重個人選擇，強調個性化，因此選D。

5.主旨大意題。由文章最后一段中的第一句Atthesametime,appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesandthenwemustchooseourclothescarefully.（同時，外表在某些情況下仍然很重要，所以我們必須謹慎地選擇我們的衣服）可知A選項“在正式場合下需要注意外貌形象”符合題意。

7.翻譯題

Oneoftheprincipalapplicationsofthediode(二極管)isintheproductionofadcvoltagefromanacsupply(電源),aprocessreferredtoasrectification(整流).

【答案】二極管的主要應用之一是從交流電源中產生直流電壓，這一過程稱之為“整流”。

8.單選題

Manyleadersofthechurchesarenowsayingthatpreparationfordemolishinganentirehumancityisinherentlyimmoral.

問題1選項

A.developing

B.deserting

C.designing

D.destroying

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.developing發(fā)展B.deserting拋棄

C.designing設計D.destroying破壞

【答案】D

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】劃線部分語義為“準備____整個人類城市”，后文提到“（這）本來就是不道德的”，原詞demolish“破壞；摧毀”。因此，D選項destroying“破壞”最符合原文。

【干擾項排除】

A選項developing“發(fā)展”，不符合語義銜接；

B選項deserting“拋棄”，不符合原文語義；

C選項designing“設計”，不符合語義銜接。

【句意】現在許多教會領袖說，準備摧毀整個人類城市本來就是不道德的。

9.單選題

Generally,itisonlywhenanimalsaretrappedthatthey___toviolenceinordertoescape.

問題1選項

A.proceed

B.appeal

C.resort

D.incline

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.proceed開始；繼續(xù)進行B.appeal呼吁；懇求

C.resort訴諸；采取D.incline傾向于

【考察點】詞組辨析

【解題思路】句意為只有動物在被困住的時候，它們才會采取暴力措施來逃走。C選項resort接to表采取的意思，符合句意。

【干擾項排除】

A選項proceedto繼續(xù)下去；

B選項appealto呼吁；上訴；要求；對……有吸引力；

D選項inclineto傾向于。Inclineto更多指具有什么傾向。但是該題目應該選采取暴力措施。因為題意為動物們已經被困住了；

以上選項均不符合句意。

【句意】一般來說，只有當動物被困住時，它們才會采取暴力措施以逃脫。

10.單選題

Undertheguidanceoftheirteacher,thepupilsarebuildingamodelboat______bysteam.

問題1選項

A.towed

B.pressed

C.tossed

D.propelled

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.towed（用繩索）拖，拉B.pressed壓，推，施加壓力

C.tossed（輕輕或漫不經心地）扔，拋D.propelled推動，驅動

【答案】D

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】分析句子結構可知，空格處應該填入一個非謂語動詞做后置定語修飾boat，與前面的boat構成被動語態(tài)，而空格處動作的發(fā)出者是steam（蒸汽），因此表示“推動”符合語義。故D項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C項都不符合語義邏輯。

【句意】在老師的指導下，學生們正在做一個蒸汽驅動的模型船。

11.單選題

Onlyonemoreweekandthecontractwill____.

問題1選項

A.runout

B.bringabout

C.putthrough

D.carryon

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.runout用完；到期B.bringabout引起

C.putthrough給……接通電話；使……遭受D.carryon繼續(xù)；從事；進行

【答案】A

【考查點】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：再過一個星期，合同就……。根據句意，可以推測，再過一個星期，有效的合同就到期結束了。因此選A。

【干擾項排除】

B、C選項均不符合句意；

D選項，這里指的是合同再過一個星期就到期了，而不是合同繼續(xù)，該選項不符合邏輯。

【句意】再過一個星期合同就到期了。

12.單選題

Scientistsrecentlyrevealedaninstinctinwomenintactandunaffectedbytheageoftechnology.Glancingthroughglossyartbooks,LeeSalknoticedthatfourtimesoutoffiveMaryisdepictedholdingtheinfantJesusagainstherleftbreastTheMadonnasparkedoffaseriesofexperimentsandobservationstodetermineonwhichsidewomenholdtheirbabiesandwhy.

Firsthedeterminedthatmodernmothersstilltendtoholdtheirbabyontheleft.Of255right-handedmothers,83%heldthebabyontheleft.Andoutof32left-handedwomen,78%heldthebabyontheleft.Asacontrol,womenwerewatchedemergingfromsupermarketscarryingbaby-sizedpackages;thebundleswereheldwithnosidepreference.

Then,dentalpatientsweregivenalargerubberballtoholdduringtreatment.Themajorityclutchedtheballtotheirleftside,evenwhenitinterferedwiththedentist'sactivities.Thissuggestedthatintimesofstressobjectsareheldagainsttheleftside.

Atthatpointanapparentlycontradictoryphenomenonwasobserved.Alargenumberofmotherswhobroughttheirprematurebabiestoafollow-upclinicwereseentoholdtheirbabiesagainsttheirrightside.

So,115motherswhohadbeenseparatedfromtheirbabiesfor24hoursafterbirthwereobservedforholdingresponse.Theexperimentspresentedthebabydirectlytothemid-lineofthemother'sbody,andnotedthatthemothersofthegroupwhohadheldtheirbabyonthelefthadalreadyhadababyfromwhichtheyhadnotbeenseparatedafterbirth.

Theauthorsuggestedthat"thetimeimmediatelyafterbirthisacriticalperiodwhenthestimulusofholdingthebabyreleasesacertainmaternalresponse."Thatistosay,shesensesthebabyisbetteroffonherleft.

Left-handedholdingenablesthebabytoheartheheart-beat——asoundassociatedwiththesecurityofthewomb.Inordertodiscoverwhetherhearingthehearthasabeneficialeffectonthebaby,thesoundofahumanheartbeatwasplayedto102babiesinaNewYorknurseryfor4days.Acontrolgroupofbabieswasnotexposedtoheartbeats.Thebabiesinthebeatgroupgainedmarkedlymoreweightandcriedfarlessthanthebabiesinthecontrolgroup.

1.WhydidLeeSalkwatchwomencomingoutofsupermarkets?

2.Theword"critical"inline1,paragraph6means（

）.

3.Whatisthereasongivenforthegainintheweightofthebabiesinthe"beatgroup"?

4.Salk’sexperimentsprovedthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.Toseehowtheycarriedtheirbabies.

B.Toseeiftheywereleft-handed.

C.Toseeiftheycarriedparcelsandbabiesdifferently.

D.Tocontrolthem.

問題2選項

A.veryserious

B.extremelyimportant

C.verydangerous

D.risky

問題3選項

A.Thesoundofthehumanheartbeatremindsthebabyofthesecurityofthewomb.

B.Thesoundofthehumanheartbeatresemblesthatofthebaby'sownheartbeat.

C.Thesoundofthehumanheartbeatresemblesthatofthemother'sheartbeat

D.Thesoundofthehumanheartbeatisregularandrhythmical.

問題4選項

A.mothershaveaninstincttoholdtheirbabiesontheleftimmediatelyafterbirth

B.mothersholdtheirbabiesontheleftonlyattimesofstress

C.mothersofprematurebabiesdonothavetheinstincttoholdtheirbabiesontheleft.

D.mothersfinditmorecomfortabletocarrytheirbabiesontheleftbecausetheheartisonthatside.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Asacontrol,womenwerewatchedemergingfromsupermarketscarryingbaby-sizedpackages;thebundleswereheldwithnosidepreference(作為對照，觀察女性從超市里抱著嬰兒大小的包裹從超市走出來時,卻發(fā)現沒有任何方向偏好)。因此推斷C項“看看她們是否以不同的方式抱包裹和嬰兒”正確。

2.詞義題。"critical"所在句子為:Theauthorsuggestedthat"thetimeimmediatelyafterbirthisacriticalperiodwhenthestimulusofholdingthebabyreleasesacertainmaternalresponse."(作者認為“出生后的一段時間是一種想要懷抱嬰兒的刺激催化出一定母性反應的…時期)。定語從句“whenthestimulusofholdingthebabyreleasesacertainmaternalresponse(一種想要懷抱嬰兒的刺激催化了-種母性的反應)”修飾先行詞criticalperiod,由此推斷critical的意思可能為“非常重要的”。故選B。

3.細節(jié)事實題。第一段指出:Left-handedholdingenablesthebabytoheartheheart-beat——asoundassociatedwiththesecurityofthewomb(用左側懷抱嬰兒可以使其聽到母親的心跳聲，即一種與子宮安全狀態(tài)相關的聲音),由此可知A“人類心跳的聲音提醒嬰兒子宮的安全狀態(tài)”正確。

4.判斷推理題。A:嬰兒出生后，母親立刻就會有用左側懷抱嬰兒的本能,倒數第二段指出:thetimeimmediatelyafterbirthisacriticalperiodwhenthestimulusofholdingthebabyreleasesacertainmaternalresponse(緊接著分娩的那一時刻非常關鍵，此時，一種想要懷抱嬰兒的刺激催化了某種母性的反應),故A項與原文不符;B:只有在緊張的時候母親才會把嬰兒抱在左邊,文章并未提及;C:早產嬰兒的母親沒有將自己的嬰兒抱在左側的本能,第四段指出:Alargenumberofmotherswhobroughttheirprematurebabiestoafollow-upclinicwereseentoholdtheirbabiesagainsttheirrightside(許多母親帶著早產兒隨訪診所就醫(yī)時,是把嬰兒抱在右邊的),但是并不能推測出C項;D:母親發(fā)現將自己的嬰兒抱在左側更舒服，因為心臟在左側,最后一段指出:Left-handedholdingenablesthebabytoheartheheart-beat——asoundassociatedwiththesecurityofthewomb(.用左側懷抱嬰兒可以使其聽到母親的心跳聲，即一種與子宮安全狀態(tài)相關的聲音),由此推測D正確。

13.單選題

Manyofthemostflexibleexamplesoftooluseinanimalscomefromprimates(theorderthatincludeshumans,apesandmonkeys).Forexample,manywildprimatesuseobjectstothreatenoutsiders.Buttherearemanyexamplesoftoolusebyothermammals,aswellasbybirdsandothertypesofanimals.

Toolsareusedbymanyspeciesinthecaptureorpreparationoffood.Chimpanzeesusesticksandpolestobringoutantsandtermitesfromtheirhidingplaces.AmongthemostcomplextooluseobservedinthewildistheuseofstonesbyIvoryCoastchimpanzeestocracknutsopen.Theyselectalargeflatstoneasananvil(aheavyblockonwhichtoplacethenuts)andasmallstoneasahammer.Stonessuitableoruseasanvilsarenoteasytofind,andoftenachimpanzeemaycarryhaulofnutsmorethan40meterstofindasuitableanvil.Theuseoftoolsinchimpanzeesisespeciallyinterestingbecausetheseanimalssometimesmodifytoolstomakethembettersuitedfortheirintendedpurpose.Tomakeatwigmoreeffectivefordiggingouttermites,forexample,achimpmayfirststripitofitsleaves.

Surprisingly,thereisalsoaspeciesofbirdthatusesstickstoprobeholesinthesearchforinsects.OneofthespeciesofGalapagosfinch,thewoodpeckerfinch,picksuporbreaksoffatwig,cactusspine,orleafstem.Thisprimitivetoolisthenheldinthebeakandusedtoprobeforinsectsinholesintreesthatthebirdcannotprobedirectlywithitsbeak.Birdshavebeenseentocarrytwigsfromtreetotreesearchingforprey.

Toolsmayalsobeusedfordefense.Hermitcrabsgrabseaanemoneswiththeirclawsandusethemasweaponstorepeltheirenemies.Studieshavedemonstratedthatthesecrabssignificantlyimprovetheirchancesagainstpredatorssuchasoctopusbymeansofthistactic.Also,manyspeciesofforest-dwellingprimatesdefendthemselvesbythrowingobjects,includingstones,atintruders.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Accordingtothepassage,IvoryCoastchimpanzeesareamongthemostremarkableofanimaltoolusersbecausethey（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthebehaviorofthewoodpeckerfinch?

4.Accordingtothepassage,studieshaveshownthathermitcrabsmanagetoturnoctopusawayby（

）.

問題1選項

A.Primatesaresuperiortootheranimalsinusingtools.

B.Theuseofstonesastoolsissimilaracrossdifferentanimalspecies.

C.Birdsandprimatesusetoolsthataredifferentfromthoseofseaanimals.

D.Manyanimalshavedevelopedeffectivewaysofusingtools.

問題2選項

A.usetoolstogatherfood

B.usemorethanonetooltoaccomplishatask

C.transporttoolsfromoneplacetoanother

D.hidetheirtoolsfromotheranimals

問題3選項

A.Itusesitsbreakasaweaponagainstitsenemies.

B.Itusesthesametwigtolookforfoodindifferenttrees.

C.Itusestwigsandleavestobuilditsnest.

D.Itavoidsareaswherecactusgrows.

問題4選項

A.attackingtheoctopuswiththeirclaws

B.usingstonesasweapons

C.defendingthemselveswithseaanemones

D.hidingunderseaplants

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問的是“文章討論的主要問題是……”。文章第一段提到動物使用工具，主要是靈長類，但也有其他一些哺乳動物、鳥類等；第二段提到很多種類的動物使用工具來捕捉食物；第三段提到有些動物使用工具來挖洞或者找昆蟲；最后一段提到動物使用工具來攻擊。由此可知選項D“許多動物開發(fā)了工具的有效使用方式”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“根據文章，象牙海岸的黑猩猩是最引人注目的動物工具使用者，因為……”。文章第二段提到“它們選擇一塊大而平的石頭做砧板，另一塊小一點的石頭當錘子，有時候會推著堅果走到超過40米外的地方找合適的砧板”（Theyselectalargeflatstoneasananvil(aheavyblockonwhichtoplacethenuts)andasmallerstoneasahammer,sometimescarryahaulofnutsmorethan40meterstofindasuitableanvil），由此可知選項B“使用不止一種工具來完成任務”符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。題目問的是“下面哪個選項可以從文章中推斷出啄木鳥的行為”。文章第三段最后一句話提到“啄木鳥會帶著它的細枝在樹木之間飛來飛去”（Birdshavebeenseentocarrytwigsfromtreetotreesearchingforprey），可以推斷出啄木鳥這么做是為了找蟲子，選項B符合題意。

4.細節(jié)判斷題。題目問的是“根據文章內容可知，研究發(fā)現寄居蟹能夠把章魚趕走是通過……”。文章第四段提到“寄居蟹用鉗子抓住?？魑淦髭s跑敵人”（Hermitcrabsgrabseaanemoneswiththeirclawsandusethemasweaponstorepeltheirenemies），選項C符合題意。

14.單選題

Britainhasthehighest（

）ofroadtrafficintheworld—over60carsforeverymileofroad.

問題1選項

A.popularity

B.prosperity

C.intensity

D.density

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析。popularity普遍，流行；prosperity興旺，繁榮；intensity強烈，劇烈；density密集，稠密，密度。根據后面一句over60carsforeverymileofroad(每英里有60多輛汽車),推測D項正確。

15.填空題

"Opinion"isawordthatisusedcarelesslytoday.Itisusedtorefertomattersoftaste（1）,andjudgment.Thiscasualusewouldprobablycauselittleconfusionifpeopledidn't（2）toomuchimportancetoopinion.Unfortunately,mostdoattachgreatimportance（3）it."Ihaveasmuchrighttomyopinionasyoutoyours,"and"Everyone'sentitledtohisopinion,"are（4）expressions.Infact,anyonewhowouldchallengeanother'sopinionislikelytobebrandedintolerant.

Isthatlabelaccurate?Isitintoleranttochallengeanother’sopinion?It（5）onwhatdefinitionofopinionyouhaveinmind.Forexample,youmayaska（6）"WhatdoyouthinkofthenewFordcars?"Andhemayreply,"Inmy（7）,they'reugly."Inthiscase,itwouldnotonlybe（8）tochallengehisstatement,butfoolish.Forit'sobviousthatbyopinionliemeanshispersonal（9）,amatteroftaste.Andastheoldsayinggoes,'It'spointlesstoargueaboutmattersoftaste."

Butconsiderthisverydifferentuseoftheterm,anewspaper（10）thattheSupremeCourthasdelivereditsopinioninacontroversialcase.Obviouslythejusticesdidnotsharetheirpersonalpreferences,theirmere（11）anddislikes,theystatedtheirconsideredjudgment,painstakinglyarrivedatafterthoroughinquiryanddeliberation.

Mostofwhatisreferredtoasopinionfallssomewhere（12）thesetwoextremes.Itisnotanexpressionoftaste.Norisitcarefuljudgment.Yetitmay（13）elementsofboth.Itisavieworbeliefmoreorlesscasuallyarrivedat,withorwithout（14）theevidence.

Iseveryoneentitledtohisopinion?Ofcourse,thisisnotonly（15）,butguaranteed.Wearefreetoactonouropinionsonlysolongas,indoingso,wedonotharmothers.

【答案】1.belief

2.attach

3.to

4.common

5.depends

6.friend

7.opinion

8.intolerant

9.preference

10.reports

11.likes

12.between

13.contain

14.examining

15.permitted

【解析】1.文章倒數第二段最后一句提到“Itisavieworbeliefmoreorlesscasuallyarrivedat...這是一種隨意達成的觀點或信念”中“belief”及該句前后出現的judgment正好與之形成對應，故此處選belief。

2.“attachimportancetosth.著重于…重視”為固定搭配，同時由下文“…mostdoattachgreatimportance…”可知此處選attach。

3.“attachimportancetosth.著重于…重視”為固定搭配，故此處選to。

4.common“常見的;通常的”。前文提到“大多數人都很重視觀點”，"Ihaveasmuchrighttomyopinionasyoutoyours我與你都有'同樣的權利去堅持各自的觀點”"Everyone'sentitledtohisopinion每個人都有資格堅持自己的觀點"可知此處表示“常見表達方式”，故此處選common。

5.“dependonsth.依賴于，取決于”，固定搭配，根據前后文句意：這個標簽是正確的嗎？質疑別人的觀點是心胸狹隘的嗎？這取決于你對“觀點”的定義，由此可知，此處應選depends。

6.根據上下文句意：比如，你可能會問一個…“你覺得新款福特車型怎么樣”，他可能回答“在我看來有點丑”，可知此處選friend。

7.“inone’sopinion在某人看來”為固定短語，故此處選opinion。

8.前文提到“Isitintoleranttochallengeanother’sopinion?挑戰(zhàn)他人的觀點是心胸狹隘的嗎？”緊接著作者舉例，正好與“intolerant”對應，故選intolerant。

9.下文“amatteroftaste一個喜好”是對空格處的補充說明，此處句意為：因為很明顯，從意見上來說，謊言意味著他的個人偏好，也就是個人品味，可知選項preference“偏愛，喜好”最符合題意，故此處選preference。

10.前文提到“anewspaper”及下文新聞中的具體內容可知，此處選擇reports“報道”最符合題意，故此處選reports。

11.下文提到“anddislikes和厭惡”，由and可知此處應選擇與“dislike”相對應的詞，此處句意為：顯然，大法官們并沒有分享他們的個人偏好、他們的喜歡和不喜歡，故此處選likes。

12.根據上下文“fallsomewhere落在某地”“thesetwoextremes這兩個極端”可知這里指“在……之間”，故此處選between。

13.根據上下文句意：它不是喜好的表達，也不是謹慎的判斷。然而，它可能同時包含這兩個要素，可知此處選“contain包含，容納”最符合題意，故選contain。

14.上下文句意：這是一種觀點或信念，無論是否有審查證據；介詞without后接名詞或動名詞，可知此處選examining“檢查；審查”最符合題意，故此處選examining。

15.上下文句意為：每個人都有資格堅持自己的意見嗎？當然，這不僅是允許的，而且是有保證的；結合短語“notonly...butalso...不僅……而且”的用法，可知此處應選擇與“guaranteed被保證”意義相應的詞，故此處選permitted“被允許”。

16.單選題

Hecouldtellbythe（）inherlowerlipthatshewasabouttocry.

問題1選項

A.quiver

B.stiffness

C.stillness

D.facilitation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。quiver“顫抖，震動”；stiffness“僵硬，堅硬”；stillness“靜止，沉靜”；facilitation“簡易化，助長，容易”。句意：他可以通過她下唇的顫抖判斷出她要哭了。由shewasabouttocry可推斷出下嘴唇是顫抖的，故A項正確。

17.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

(46)Thehistoryoflifeonearthhasbeenahistoryofinteractionbetweenlivingthingsandtheirsurroundings.Toalargeextent,thephysicalformandthehabitsoftheearth’svegetationanditsanimallifehavebeenmoldedbytheenvironment.(47)Consideringthewholespanofearthlytime,theoppositeeffect,inwhichlifeactuallymodifiesitssurroundings,hasbeenrelativelyslight.Onlywithinthemomentoftimerepresentedbythepresentcenturyhasonespecies-man-acquiredsignificantpowertoalterthenatureofhisworld.

(48)Duringthepastquartercenturythispowerhasnotonlyincreasedtooneofdisturbingmagnitudebutithaschangedincharacter.Themostalarmingofallman’sassaultsupontheenvironmentisthecontaminationofair,earth,rivers,andseawithdangerousandevenlethalmaterials.Thispollutionisforthemostpartirrecoverable;thechainofevilitinitiatesnotonlyintheworldthatmustsupportlifebutinlivingtissuesisforthemostpartirreversible.(49)Inthisnowuniversalcontaminationoftheenvironment,chemicalsarethesinisterandlittle-recognizedpartnersofradiationinchangingtheverynatureoftheworld—theverynatureofitslife.Strontium90,releasedthroughnuclearexplosionsintotheair,comestoearthinrainordriftsdownasfallout,lodgesinsoil,entersintothegrassorcomorwheatgrownthere,andintimetakesupitsabodeinthebonesofahumanbeing,theretoremainuntilhisdeath.Similarly,chemicalssprayedoncroplandsorforestsorgardenslielonginsoil,enteringintolivingorganisms,passingfromonetoanotherinachainofpoisoninganddeath.Ortheypassmysteriouslybyundergroundstreamsuntiltheyemergeand,throughthealchemyofairandsunlight,combineintonewformsthatkillvegetation,sickencattle,andworkunknownharmonthosewhodrinkfromoncepurewells.(50)AsAlbertSchweitzerhassaid,“Mancanhardlyevenrecognizethedevilsofhisowncreation.”

【答案】【參考譯文】

46.地球上生命的歷史一直是生物及其周圍環(huán)境相互作用的歷史。

47.就地球時間的整個階段而言，生命改造環(huán)境的反作用實際上一直是相對微小的。

48.在過去的四分之一世紀里，這種力量不僅在數量上增長到了令人不安的程度，而且在性質上也發(fā)生了變化。

49.在當今這種對環(huán)境的普遍污染中，在改變地球生命本質的過程中，化學物質起著有害作用，且鮮為人知，它們可以與放射性危害相提并論。

50.正如艾伯特?施韋策所說：“人類甚至難以辨認自己創(chuàng)造的惡魔”。

18.單選題

Knowledgeisacomfortableandnecessaryretreatand_______forusinanadvancedage;andifwedonotplantitwhileyoung,itwillgiveusnoshadewhenwegrowold.

問題1選項

A.ingredient

B.reliance

C.shelter

D.inclination

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義解析。ingredient“要素，組成部分”，reliance“信賴”；shelter“庇護，避難所”；inclination“傾向，愛好”。句意：多我們來說知識是舒適而必要的歸宿在我們年老的時候，如果年輕時不開始，年老的時候它就不會給我們遮陰。選項C符合題意。

19.單選題

Sinceitwaslastsubstantiallyreformed30yearsago,theU.S.PostalServicehasusuallyturnedaprofit:itsgovernment-mandatedmonopolyisonereason.Butsizeisanother.WhenU.S.postageratesareincreasedbyasinglepenny,another$1billonpoursintotheUSPS.Thismonopolyhasplentyofaddedbonuses.Lettercarriersreceivefederalbenefitsanddon’thavetopayparkingtickets.Theservicepaysnosalesorpropertytaxes,nolicensefeesforitsmailtrucks.Thepostalservicealsoplanstoincreasethecostofmailingmagazines15%,amovethathasraisedtheangerofmagazinepublishers.

Thereisnoshortageofcritics.Newspaperheadlinebemoanthe“PostalDisservice”andcryforprivatization.Oklahomalegislatorshavepassedaresolutionchallengingtheservice'stax-exemptstatus.FederalstudieschargetheUSPSwitheverythingfrommismanagementtomisappropriation.Accordingtothefederallimes,thepostoffice’sInternationalBusinessUnitwasgivenfundingandastaffof200tocreateanextensivegloballogisticsnetworkthatwassupposedtogenerate$10billioninrevenueby2005.Theprograms,knownasGlobalPriorityMailandGlobalPackageLink,flopped.YetanotherauditfoundthattheUSPSlossesmorethan$1billonayearbynotcollectinginternationaldutiesonpackages.Perhapsworstofall,CNFTransportation,whichownsEmeiyWorldwide,issuingthepostofficefornotpayingitsbillsonanoverseas-deliveryjointventure.

Newalliances-liketheonewithFedEx-maybetheUSPS’sbestchanceforsurvivalinadigitalworld,wheresuccessislessaboutdeliveringenvelopesthanaboutoptimizingnetworksandmanaginginformation.

Ultimately,however,therealbeneficiaryofaUSPS-FedExalliancewillbetheMemphis-basedpowerhouse.Besidesgainingaccesstothat“l(fā)astmile”tosomeone'smailbox,FedExcouldleveragethearrangementbyplantingdrop-offboxesinpost-officelobbies.Evenifgovernmentregulatorslimitthecombinationonantitrustgrounds,FedExissteamingaheadwithotherjointventures,includingadealwit