考研考博-英語-六盤水師范學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-六盤水師范學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Overthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.

IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoeZysman,Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.YetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.

ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthavesurnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively;and26ofGeorgeBush'spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofgovernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChretienandKoizumi).Theworld'sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan,DuisenbergandHayami)areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld'sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett,Allen,EllisonandAlbrecht).

Canthismerelybecoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabeticallydisadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidenceinspeakingpublicly.

Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst;bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.

1.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewithAAAAcarsandZodiaccars?

2.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?

3.The4thparagraphsuggeststhat（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby’’mostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ”(Lines2-3,Paragraph5)?

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.Akindofoverlookedinequality

B.Atypeofconspicuousbias

C.Atypeofpersonalprejudice

D.Akindofbranddiscrimination

問題2選項

A.InbothEastandWest,namesareessentialtosuccess

B.ThealphabetistoblameforthefailureofZoeZysman

C.Customersoftenpayalotofattentiontocompanies’names

D.Someformofdiscriminationistoosubtletorecognize

問題3選項

A.questionsareoftenputtothemoreintelligentstudents

B.alphabeticallydisadvantagedstudentsoftenescapefromclass

C.teachersshouldpayattentiontoalloftheirstudents

D.studentsshouldbeseatedaccordingtotheireyesight

問題4選項

A.Theyaregettingimpatient

B.Theyarenoisilydozingoff

C.Theyarefeelinghumiliated

D.Theyarebusywithwordpuzzles

問題5選項

A.PeoplewithsurnamesbeginningwithNtoZareoftenill-treated

B.VIPsintheWesternworldgainagreatdealfromalphabetism

C.Thecampaigntoeliminatealphabetismstillhasalongwaytogo

D.Puttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadtounintentionalbias

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干詢問“作者提及AAAA汽車與Zodiac汽車的是什么？”。由

第二段第一句“IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.眾所周知，在顧客瀏覽他們的電話薄時，被稱為AAAA汽車的出租車公司比被稱為Zodiac汽車的出租車公司有大的優(yōu)勢”與第一段第二句“Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.但是，一個潛伏的形式（即字母順序主義）繼續(xù)繁榮”確定A選項“一種被忽視的不平等”正確；

2.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘從前三段我們可以推斷出什么?’。由第一段中“Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.但是，一個潛伏的形式（即字母順序主義）繼續(xù)在繁榮”及第二段中“LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoeZysman不太為人所知的是AdamAbbott（即姓名以字母A開始的人）在生活中相比ZoeZysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）具有的優(yōu)勢”可知生活中的這種現(xiàn)象常被人忽視，所以D選項“一些形式的歧視太隱約而不易引人注意”正確。A選項“無論在東方還是西方，名字對于成功都是必要的”、B選項“字母表對ZoeZysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）的失敗應(yīng)負責任”和C項“消費者經(jīng)常很關(guān)注公司的名字”均不符合文意，排除。

3.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘第四段指出…’。由第四段第四句“Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.因此，近視的Zysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）小學(xué)生被困在后排，且很少被問到由那些麻木不仁的老師提出有啟發(fā)性的問題”確定C選項“教師應(yīng)該關(guān)注自己所有的學(xué)生”正確。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘作者所說的“大多數(shù)人都在打盹”是什么意思(第5段第2-3行)?’。由第五段中第三句“Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.求職面試名單、選票、會議發(fā)言者和參加人名單都傾向于按字母順序地被擬定，而它們的接受者卻在費力地閱讀它們時失去了興趣?！迸c第二句“Atuniversitygraduationceremonies在大學(xué)畢業(yè)的典禮”這個場景的對應(yīng)確定B選項“他們正在鼾聲隆隆地打瞌睡”符合語境，正確。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘根據(jù)文章，下列哪個選項是正確的?’。全文圍繞“alphabetism字母順序主義”論述其帶來的各種偏見、歧視和不平等。如被稱為AAAA汽車的出租車公司比被稱為Zodiac汽車的出租車公司有大的優(yōu)勢，近視的Zysman（即姓名以字母Z開始的人）小學(xué)生被困在后排，且很少被問到由那些麻木不仁的老師提出的啟發(fā)性的問題。”所以D選項“按照字母順序安放事情可能導(dǎo)致非故意的偏見”正確。

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

Manypeoplequestionthestabilityofinternationalmarriages.Thishasalwayspuzzledme,becauseifyoustoptothinkaboutdivorceintheUSforamoment,youwillrecallthatmostofthemarriagesthatbreakuparebetweennative-bornAmericans.CertainlyIamnotawareofanystatisticsshowingahigherpropensitytodivorceinbi-nationalmarriagesthaninthemoreconventionalsort.Iseriouslydoubtthatthereisanymeaningfulrelationbetweenmaritalinstabilityanddifferencesinnationalityinsidemarriages.

Duringeachofthesepassages,howwefeelaboutourwayoflivingwillundergosubtlechangesinfourareasofperception.Oneistheinteriorsenseofselfinrelationtoothers.Asecondistheproportionofsafenesstodangerwefeelinourlives.Athirdisourperceptionoftime.Last,therewillbesomeshiftatthegutlevelinoursenseofalivenessorstagnation.Thesearethehazysensationsthatcomposethebackgroundtoneoflivingandshapethedecisionsonwhichwetakeactions.

Therearelotsofreasonstobeconcerned.Whenleadingpolicy-makersandeconomistsspeakabouttheboomingglobaleconomyandthebenefitsoffreetrade,theytoooftenignorethepeoplewhoarelosingout.TheCEOsofMicrosoftandBoeing,co-chairsoftheSeattleHostCommitteefortheWTOmeeting,areamongthewinners.Buttheformglobalizationhastakenhasincreasedthegapbetweenrichandpoornations.

【答案】

許多人質(zhì)疑跨國婚姻的穩(wěn)定性。這種質(zhì)疑讓我覺得疑惑，因為如果你停下來想一想美國的離婚問題，你會想到大多數(shù)破裂的婚姻都是土生土長的美國人之間的。當然，我并不認為有任何統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)可以表明，跨國婚姻比傳統(tǒng)婚姻更容易走向離婚。我對婚姻的不穩(wěn)定和婚姻中的國籍差異之間是否有任何有意義的關(guān)系是十分懷疑的。

在這些變化和轉(zhuǎn)折中，我們對生活方式的感受會經(jīng)歷四個感知領(lǐng)域的細微變化。第一，是我們內(nèi)心對自己和他人的看法。第二，是我們在生活的各種威脅面前所具有的安全感。第三，是我們對時間的感知。最后，是我們對自己的精力和活力的直覺變化。這些都是朦朧的感覺，它們構(gòu)成了我們生活的基調(diào)，并影響著我們采取行動前的各種決定。

這里有很多因素值得關(guān)注。當主要的決策者和經(jīng)濟學(xué)家們談到蓬勃發(fā)展的全球經(jīng)濟和自由貿(mào)易的好處時，他們往往忽視了那些失敗者。微軟和波音的首席執(zhí)行官都是贏家，他們將聯(lián)合擔任這次世界貿(mào)易組織西雅圖會議接待委員會的主席。但已經(jīng)形成的全球化形式增加了貧富國家之間的差距。

3.翻譯題

Aneweraisuponus.Callitwhatyouwill:theserviceeconomy,theinformationage,theknowledgesociety.Italltranslatestoafundamentalchangeinthewaywework.Alreadywe'repartlythere.1.ThepercentageofpeoplewhoearntheirlivingbymakingthingshasfallendramaticallyintheWesternWorldToday.ThemajorityofjobsinAmerica,EuropeandJapan（twothirdsormoreinmanyofthesecountries）areintheserviceindustry,andthenumberisontherise.Morewomenareintheworkforcethaneverbefore.Therearemorepart-timejobs.Morepeopleareself-employed.2.Butthebreadthoftheeconomictransformationcan’tbemeasuredbynumbersalone,becauseitalsoisgivingrisetoabasicnewwayofthinkingaboutthenatureofworkitself.Long-heldconceptsaboutjobsandcareers,theskillsneededtosucceed,eventherelationbetweenindividualsandemployers—allthesearebeingchallenged.

Wehaveonlytolookbehindustogetsomesenseofwhatmaylieahead.3.Noonelookingahead20yearspossiblycouldhaveforeseen,thewaysinsingleinvention,thechip,wouldtransformourworldthankstoitsapplicationsinpersonalcomputers,digitalcommunicationsandfactoryrobots.Tomorrow'sachievementsinbiotechnology,artificialintelligenceorevensomestillfactoryrobots.Tomorrow’sachievementsinbiotechnology,artificialintelligenceorevensomestillunimaginedtechnologycouldproduceasimilarwayofdramaticchanges.4.Butonethingiscertain:informationandknowledgewillbecomeevenmorevital,andthepeoplewhopossessit,whethertheyworkinmanufacturingorservices,willhavetheadvantageandproducethewealth.Computerknowledgewillbecomeasbasicarequirementastheabilitytoreadandwrite.Theabilitytosolveproblemsbyapplyinginformationinsteadofperformingroutinetaskswillbevaluedaboveallelse.

5.Ifyoucastvourmindahead10years,informationserviceswillbepredominant.Itwillbethewayyoudoyourjob.

【答案】1.在今天的西方世界，靠制造東西謀生的人的比例已經(jīng)大幅下降。美國、歐洲和日本的大多數(shù)工作（其中許多國家有三分之二或更多）都在服務(wù)業(yè)，而且這個數(shù)字還在上升。

2.但是，經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型的廣度不能僅用數(shù)字來衡量，因為它也正在催生一種思考工作本質(zhì)的基本新方式。人們長期以來對工作和職業(yè)的觀念、成功所需的技能，甚至個人與雇主之間的關(guān)系都在受到挑戰(zhàn)。

3.20年前，沒有人能夠預(yù)見到，由于芯片在個人電腦、數(shù)字通信和工廠機器人上的應(yīng)用，單憑芯片這一發(fā)明就能改變我們的世界。

4.有一件事是肯定的:信息和知識將變得更加重要，擁有信息和知識的人，無論是在制造業(yè)還是服務(wù)業(yè)工作，都將擁有優(yōu)勢并創(chuàng)造財富。計算機知識將成為與讀寫能力一樣的基本要求。

5.如果你預(yù)測未來10年的發(fā)展，信息服務(wù)業(yè)將占支配地位。它將是你工作的方式。

4.單選題

Accordingtoanthropologists,peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution（1760-1840）when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.Even,withextensivetimedevotedtowork,however,bothincomesandstandardsoflivingwerelow.AsincomesroseneartheendoftheIndustrialRevolution,itbecameincreasinglycommontotreatSaturdayafternoonsasahalf-dayholiday.ThehalfholidayhadbecomestandardpracticeinBritainbythe1870’s,butdidnotbecomecommonintheUnitedStatesuntilthe1920’s.

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstthirdofthetwentiethcenturysawtheworkweekmovefrom60hoursperweektojustunder50hoursbythestartofthe19305s.In1914HenryFordreduceddailyworkhoursathisautomobileplantsfrom9to8.In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.

TheDepressionyearsofthe1930havebroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodemlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940,andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.Adjustmentsinvariousplaces,however,showthatthisstandardisnotimmutable.In1987,forexample,Germanmetalworkersstruckforandreceiveda37.5-hourworkweek;andin1990manyworkersinBritainwona37-hourweek.Since1989,theJapanesegovernmenthasmovedfroma6-toa5-dayworkweekandhassetanationaltargetof1800workhoursperyearfortheaverageworker.TheaverageamountofworkperyearinJapanin1989was2088hoursperworker,comparedto1957fortheUnitedStatesand1646forFrance.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Comparedtopre-industrialtimes,thenumberofhoursintheworkweekinthenineteenthcentury（）.

3.WhatisonereasonforthechangeinthelengthoftheworkweekfortheaverageworkerintheUnitedStatesduringthe1930’s?

4.WhichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthepurposesoftheFairLaborStandardsActof1938?

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasevidencethatthelengthoftheworkweekhasbeendecliningsincethenineteenthcentury?

問題1選項

A.Whypeopleinpre-industrialsocietiesworkedfewhoursperweek

B.WorkingconditionsduringtheIndustrialRevolution

C.Acomparisonofthenumberofhoursworkedperyearinseveralindustries

D.Changesthathaveoccurredinthenumberofhoursthatpeopleworkperweek

問題2選項

A.remainedconstant

B.decreasedslightly

C.increasedsignificantly

D.decreasedsignificantly

問題3選項

A.TheUnitedStatesgovernmentinstituteda35-hourworkweek.

B.LaborstrikesinseveralcountriesinfluencedlaborpolicyintheUnitedStates.

C.Severalcorporationsincreasedthelengthoftheworkweek.

D.Severalpeoplesometimessharedasinglejob.

問題4選項

A.Todiscourageworkersfromaskingforincreasedwages

B.Toallowemployerstosetthelengthoftheworkweekfortheirworkers

C.Toestablishalimitonthenumberofhoursintheworkweek

D.Torestricttradewithcountriesthathadalongworkweek

問題5選項

A.Thehalf-dayholiday

B.UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse

C.HenryFord

D.Germanmetalworkers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文首先將前工業(yè)時代的周工時與工業(yè)革命時期的周工時進行比較，接著說明了不同年代周工時的變化。故D項“人們每周工作的時長發(fā)生了變化”正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞pre-industrialtimes定位到第一段“peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution（1760-1840）when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.前工業(yè)社會的人們每天花3到4個小時，或每周花20個小時做生活所必需的工作。然而，對每周工作量的現(xiàn)代比較始于工業(yè)革命（1760年至1840年），當時每周工作6天、每天工作10至12小時是常態(tài)。”據(jù)此可知19世紀每周的工作時間相比前工業(yè)時代有大幅增長。故C項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干定位到第三段“TheDepressionyearsofthe1930havebroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodernlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.20世紀30年代的經(jīng)濟大蕭條帶來了工作分擔的概念，使人們可以到處尋找工作;在美國，每周工作時間降至35小時的現(xiàn)代最低點。”可知美國周工時下降的原因是一些人共同分擔一個工作。故D項正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“FairLaborStandardsAct”定位到第三段“In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940,andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.1938年，《公平勞動標準法》（FairLaborStandardsAct）規(guī)定，從1940年開始，每周工作時間不得超過40小時。從那以后，8小時工作制和5天工作制就成了美國的標準?！庇纱丝芍摲ò冈O(shè)定每周40小時的工作時間的目的是給美國工人提出的一個工作標準，以此限定每周的工時。故C項正確。

5.細節(jié)事實題。文中有關(guān)“UnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse”的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在“In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.1926年，他宣布從今以后他的工廠將在星期六全天關(guān)閉。當時，福特受到了美國鋼鐵公司（UnitedStatesSteel）和西屋電氣公司（Westinghouse）等其他公司的批評，但這個想法受到了工人的歡迎。”由此可知這兩個公司不贊成福特周六不上班的想法。故B項不是自19世紀以來周工時削減的證據(jù)。答案B。

5.單選題

Duringtheirfirstteachingtrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolforthe（）oflessons.

問題1選項

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項observation“觀察，監(jiān)視”；B選項investigation“調(diào)查；研究”；C選項inspection“檢查；視察”；D選項examination“檢查；考試”。句意：在他們教師培訓(xùn)的第一年，學(xué)生們會經(jīng)常去當?shù)貙W(xué)?！n程。根據(jù)句中teachingtraining教師培訓(xùn)，學(xué)生身份會與認真觀察這一名詞更加相配，examination主要是為減少錯誤而進行檢查。故選A。

6.單選題

Theteacherlaidalotof____onpractice.

問題1選項

A.attention

B.focus

C.emphasis

D.word

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.attention注意B.focus關(guān)注

C.emphasis強調(diào)D.word詞語

【考查點】固定搭配

【解題思路】結(jié)合選項推測，原句語義為“這個老師非常重視實踐”，原文使用的表達為laidalotof____on。C選項emphasis“強調(diào)”符合搭配要求，其常用搭配為put/lay/placeemphasisonsth.“強調(diào)/重視某事”。

【干擾項排除】

A選項attention“注意”，常用搭配為pay/draw/attractattentionto，不符合原句搭配；

B選項focus“關(guān)注”，常用搭配為thefocusof/onsth.，不符合原句搭配；

D選項word“詞語”，不用于原文搭配。

【句意】這個老師非常重視實踐。

7.單選題

LastSundayshecametovisitusoutoftheblue.Theitalicizedphrasemeans（）.

問題1選項

A.unexpectedly

B.unhappily

C.untidily

D.unofficially

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項unexpectedly“出乎意料地；意外地”；B選項unhappily“不幸地；遺憾地”；C選項untidily“不整潔地；凌亂地”；D選項unofficially“非正式地；非公認地”。句意：上星期天她突然來看我們。這個斜體短語的意思是……。outoftheblue“突然地，意外地”，與A選項詞義相符。

8.單選題

（

）onaclearday,farfromthecitycrowds,themountainsgivehimasenseofinfinite.

問題1選項

A.Ifwalking

B.Walking

C.Whilewalking

D.Whenoneiswalking

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法。此句中的主句的主語為mountains，所以邏輯主語和主句主語應(yīng)不同。故排除A、B、C三項。D項正確。句意：當一個人在晴朗的天氣散步時，遠離城市喧囂，山脈會給他一種無限感。

9.單選題

Color-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficultto（）betweenblueandgreen.

問題1選項

A.separate

B.compare

C.contrast

D.distinguish

【答案】D

【解析】詞義辨析題。separate分離；compare比較；contrast對比；distinguish辨別。句意：色盲患者經(jīng)常很難區(qū)分藍色和綠色。選項D正確。

10.單選題

Inmountainousregions,muchofthesnowthatfallsiscompactedintoice.

問題1選項

A.brokendown

B.embedded

C.compiled

D.compressed

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在山區(qū)，大部分降雪被壓成冰。compacted意為壓實，壓緊。brokendown打破，折斷；embedded嵌入，植入；compiled編輯；compressed壓緊，壓縮。選項D與之意思相近。

11.單選題

Itisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeone（

）fullyconsciousofhowmuchyouvaluehim.?

問題1選項

A.doyoubecome

B.thenyoubecome

C.thatyoubecome

D.haveyoubecome

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。本題結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis+強調(diào)部分+(that)其余部分…”強調(diào)句，這里強調(diào)的是時間狀語onlywhenyounearlylosesomeone，剩余的部分是主句，結(jié)構(gòu)不需要倒裝。句意為：只有當你差點失去某個人，你才能充分認識到你是多么地在乎他。故選項C正確。

12.單選題

Theairportpolicewho（）thegirlconcludedthatshewasinnocentandhadn’tknownaboutthedrugs.

問題1選項

A.interrogated

B.shrouded

C.ratified

D.muffled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。interrogate“詢問”；shroud“遮蔽”；ratify“批準”；muffle“使聲音低沉，裹住，捂住”。句意：機場警察詢問了那個女孩，認為她是無辜的，她對毒品一無所知。選項A符合題意。

13.單選題

1.

問題1選項

A.About12pints.

B.About3pints.

C.About4pints.

D.About7pints.

【答案】A

【解析】W:Itwouldhelpmeifyoucouldgooverlastweekandgivemeanideahowmuchbeerdrankeachevening.

M:Well,letmesee,Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening.

Q:Howmuchbeerdidthemandrinklastweek?

【解析】細節(jié)題。男士說：Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening（我上周一共去酒吧4次，每晚喝3品脫啤酒），因此男士上周共喝了12品脫啤酒。

14.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

人們都有追求幸福的權(quán)利，但對幸福的理解卻因人而異。絕大多數(shù)人認為幸福來自于健康的身體、愿望的實現(xiàn)和事業(yè)有成。正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣，許多人在遇到痛苦時才意識到幸福的真正含義。

【答案】Peoplehavetherighttopursuehappiness,butdifferentpeoplehavedifferentunderstandingofhappiness.Mostpeoplebelievethathappinesscomesfromgoodhealth,wishfulfilmentandsuccessfulcareer.Asitoftenhappens,itisnotuntiltheysufferthatmanypeoplerealizethetruemeaningofhappiness.

15.單選題

Althoughmostbirdshaveonlyanegligiblesenseofsmell,theyhave（）vision.

問題1選項

A.vigorous

B.exact

C.acute

D.vivid

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項vigorous“有力的；精力充沛的”；B選項exact“準確的，精密的；精確的”；C選項acute“敏銳的；激烈的；尖聲的”；D選項vivid“生動的；鮮明的”。句意：盡管大多數(shù)鳥類只有微不足道的嗅覺，但是它們卻有敏銳的視覺。根據(jù)句意可知C選項正確。

16.單選題

Mathematicsaswellasothersubjects（

）ascience.

問題1選項

A.was

B.is

C.are

D.belongto

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如其它學(xué)科一樣，數(shù)學(xué)是一門科學(xué)。

語法題?？疾橹髦^一致。名詞+aswellas/nolessthan/but/except/with/like+其他名詞做主語吋，謂語與第一個名詞一致。Mathematics(數(shù)學(xué))為單數(shù)，故謂語動詞也應(yīng)該用三單形式。此處是陳述事實,所以時態(tài)選用一般現(xiàn)在時。故選B。

17.單選題

Itishardtotellwhetherwearegoingtohaveaboomintheeconomyora（

）.

問題1選項

A.concession

B.submission

C.transmission

D.recession

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項concession“讓步，妥協(xié)”；B選項submission“屈服，投降，歸順”；C選項transmission“傳遞，傳播”；D選項recession“經(jīng)濟衰退，經(jīng)濟萎縮”。由whether...or...（是……還是……）可知空格處與boom（繁榮）所表示的意思相反，因此選D。句意：很難判斷我們將迎來經(jīng)濟的繁榮還是衰退。

18.單選題

Tobe（

）withyou,Ithinkyou’remakingadreadfulmistakebyrefusingtocooperate.

問題1選項

A.frank

B.pertinent

C.mild

D.vivid

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。tobefrank為固定搭配，意為“老實說，坦率地說”。

句意：坦率地跟你說，我認為你拒絕合作是犯了一個可怕的錯誤。選項A正確。

19.翻譯題

贏家不會讓他們的生命局限在自己“理當”成為何種人的觀念中。事實上，他們順應(yīng)天性行事。所以，他們不會費盡心思地裝模作樣，故作姿態(tài)、玩弄他人。他們十分清楚愛與裝愛，傻與裝傻，真才實學(xué)與故作高深之間的差別。贏家沒有必要藏在面具后面掩飾自己。

贏家不害怕獨立思考和運用自身的知識，他們既懂得辨別事實與想法，又不會裝作通曉一切。他們傾聽他人的意見，衡量他人的言論，最后得出自己的判斷。盡管贏家懂得尊重和敬佩他人，卻不會徹底為他人所限制、摧垮、束縛或嚇倒。

【答案】Winnersdonotdedicatetheirlivestoaconceptofwhattheyimaginetheyshouldbe.Infact,theyarethemselvesandassuchdonotusetheirenergyputtingonaperformance,maintainingpretense,andmanipulatingothers.Theyareawarethatthereisadifferencebetweenbeinglovingandactingloving,betweenbeingstupidandactingstupid,betweenbeingknowledgeableandactingknowledgeable.Winnersdonotneedtohidebehindamask.

Winnersarenotafraidtodotheirownthinkingandtousetheirownknowledge.Theycanseparatefromopinionsanddon’tpretendtohavealltheanswers.Theylistentoothers;evaluatewhattheysay,butcometotheirownconclusions.Althoughwinnerscanadmireandrespectotherpeople,theyarenottotallydefined,demolished,bound,orawedbythem.

20.單選題

Iregret（）youthatIcan'tgotoHangzhouforavisitnextSundaywithyou,becauseI'vecaughtabadcold.

問題1選項

A.totell

B.telling

C.tell

D.havingtold

【答案】A

【解析】regrettodosth.指很遺憾要做某事；regretdoingsth.指很遺憾做過某事。根據(jù)句意可知,這里指很遺憾的告訴你...nextSunday,事情還沒有發(fā)生,所以選項A正確。

21.單選題

Shethoughtitcoulddonoharmto（）herescortabit,atleastonhistasteinwines.

問題1選項

A.complement

B.flatter

C.flatten

D.decorate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項complement“補足；補充”；B選項flatter“奉承；諂媚；使高興”；C選項flatten“擊敗；摧毀；使平坦”；D選項decorate“裝飾；布置”。句意：她認為，稍微奉承下她的陪同不可能帶來害處，至少在奉承其對葡萄酒的品味上不可能帶來害處。結(jié)合此處語境，B選項正確。

22.單選題

Sinceacirclehasnobeginningorend,theweddingringisacceptedasasymbolof（

）love.

問題1選項

A.successive

B.consecutive

C.eternal

D.insistent

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項successive“連續(xù)的，繼承的”；B選項consecutive“連貫的，連續(xù)不斷的”；C選項eternal“永恒的”；D選項insistent“堅持的，迫切的”。句子的前半句意思是“因為圓沒有起點和終點”，后半句是句子的主干部分，of后面由“l(fā)ove愛”組成所有格結(jié)構(gòu)。這里需要填入一個形容詞，表示“永遠的，永恒的”才符合句子意思，句意為：因為圓沒有起點和終點，所以婚戒被當作永恒愛情的象征。故正確答案為C。

23.單選題

Therearetwomethodsoffighting,theonebylaw,theotherbyforce;thefirstmethodisthatofmen,thesecondofbeasts;butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient,onemusthaverecoursetothesecond.Itis,therefore,necessaryforaprincetoknowhowtouseboththebeastandtheman.Thiswascovertlytaughttotherulersbyancientwriters,whorelatehowAchillesandmanyothersofthoseancientprincesweregivenChironthecentaurtobebroughtupandeducatedunderhisdiscipline.

Theparable（寓言）ofthissemi-animal,semi?humanteacherismeanttoindicatethataprincemustknowhowtousebothnaturesandthattheonewithouttheotherisnotdurable.

Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeast,mustimitatethefox,andtheli-on,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis.Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist.Ifmenwereallgood,thispreceptwouldnotbeagoodone;butastheyarebad,andwouldnotobservetheirfaithwithyou,soyouarenotboundtokeepfaithwiththem.Norhavelegiti-mategroundseverfailedaprincewhowishedtoshowcolorableexcuseforthenonfulfillmentofhispromise.Ofthisonecouldfurnishaninfinitenumberofexamples,andshowhowmanytimespeacehasbeenbroken,andhowmanypromisesrenderedworthless,bythefaithlessnessofprinces,andthosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest.Butitisnecessarytobeabletodisguisethischaracterwell,andtobeagreatfeigneranddissembler,andmenaresosimpleandsoreadytoobeypresentnecessities,thattheonewhodeceiveswillalwaysfindthosewhoallowthem-selvestobedeceived.

1.Thewriterdoesnotbelievethat（）.

2.“Prince”inthepassagedesignates（）

3.Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare（）

4.Thefox,inthepassage,is（）.

5.Thewritersuggeststhatasuccessfulleadermust（

）.

問題1選項

A.thetruthmakesmenfree

B.peoplecanprotectthemselves

C.princesarehuman

D.leadershavetobeconsistent

問題2選項

A.anyoneinpower

B.electedofficials

C.aristocrats

D.sonsofkings

問題3選項

A.tootrusting

B.reliantonforceonly

C.strongandpowerful

D.lackinginforce

問題4選項

A.admiredforhistrickery

B.nomatchforthelion

C.pitiedforhiswiles

D.consideredworthless

問題5選項

A.beprudentandfaithful

B.cheatandlie

C.haveprincipletoguidehisactions

D.followthetruth

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理題。第一段指出：butasthefirstmethodisofteninsufficient，onemusthaverecoursetothesecond（只使用第一種方法是不夠的，還要使用第二種方法）。D選項“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者必須始終如一”符合題意。

2.推理題。根據(jù)文章推斷,“Prince”指代的是A項“任何掌權(quán)的人”。

3.推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)ion”定位至第二段:...forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Thosethatwishtobeonlylionsdonotunderstandthis，由此推測lion僅有力量但不能保護自己免入陷阱。因此B項正確。

4.推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“fox”定位至第二段：Aprince,beingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoact

asabeast,mustimitatethefox,andthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.由此可知，狐貍是狡猾的，而且作者對此持肯定態(tài)度。因此A項正確。

5.推理題。第二段指出：Therefore,aprudentruleroughtnottokeepfaithwhenbydoingsoitwouldbeagainsthisinterest,andthereasonswhichmadehimbindhimselfnolongerexist…thosethathavebestbeenabletoimitatethefoxhavesucceededbest。因此作者認為，精明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)該向狐貍學(xué)習，善于偽裝。B項正確。

24.單選題

Theyoungmanlikedthegracefulgirlnexttothedooratthefirstsight;thefeelingis（）,asthegirlsmiledslightlyathim.

問題1選項

A.mutual

B.visible

C.literal

D.inevitable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項mutual“相互的，彼此的”；B選項visible“明顯的，可見的”；C選項literal“文字的”；D選項inevitable“必然的，不可避免的”。句意：這個年輕人第一眼就喜歡門邊那個優(yōu)雅的姑娘，這種感覺是相互的，因為那女孩對他也微微一笑。根據(jù)空格前后兩句的意思以及常識，可知男孩喜歡女孩，而女孩也微笑回應(yīng)，他們互有好感，A選項mutual“相互的，彼此的”意思對應(yīng)。因此A選項正確。

25.翻譯題

TranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintogoodChinese.

Theseconddesigninthisgreatcenturies—oldtraditionistoarguethatanyformofpublichelptothepooronlyhurtsthepoor.Itdestroysmorale.Itseducespeopleawayfromgainfulemployment.Itbreaksupmarriages,sincewomencanseekwelfareforthemselvesandtheirchildrenoncetheyarewithouthusbands.

（1）Thereisnoproofofthis—none,certainly,thatcomparesthatdamagewiththedamagethatwouldbeinflictedbythelossofpublicassistance.Still,thecaseismade—andbelieved—thatthereissomethinggravelydamagingaboutaidtotheunfortunate.Thisisperhapsourmosthighlyinfluentialpieceoffiction.

（2）Thethird,andcloselyrelated,designforrelievingourselvesofresponsibility,forthepooristheargumentthatpublic-assistancemeasureshaveanadverseeffectonincentive.Theytransferincomefromthediligenttotheidleandfeckless,thusreducingtheeffortofthediligentandencourag