考研考博-英語-四川外國語大學(xué)成都學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川外國語大學(xué)成都學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.填空題

AlbertEinsteinonce(1)_________thecreativityofafamousscientisttothefactthathe“neverwenttoschool,andthereforepreservedtheraregiftofthinkingfreely.”Thereisundoubtedly(2)________inEinstein’sobservation:manyartistsandgeniusesseemto(3)________theirschoolingasabigdisadvantage.Anecdotalreportssupportthis.PabloPicasso,CharlesDarwin,MarkTwain,OliverGoldsmith,andWilliamButlerYeatsall(4)_______school.(5)_______didWinstonChurchill,whoalmostfailedoutofHarrow,aneliteBritishschool.Butsuchatruthisnotacriticismofschools.(6)_______isthefunctionofschoolstocivilize,nottotrainexplorers.Theexplorerisalwaysamiserablylonelyindividual(7)________hisorherpioneeringisinart,music,scienceandtechnology.ThecreativeexplorerofunmappedlandssharewiththegeniuswhatWilliamJamesdescribed(8)_______the“facultyofperceivinginanunhabitualway.”However,thesocialorderdemandsunityandwidespreadagreement,bothtraitsare(9)_______tocreativity.Therewillalwaysbe(10)_______betweenthedemandsofsocietyandtheimpulsesofcreativityandgenius.

【答案】1.attributed

2.truth

3.view

4.disliked

5.So

6.It

7.whether

8.as

9.destructive

10.conflict

【解析】1.考查上下文語義。句意：阿爾伯特?愛因斯坦曾經(jīng)將一個(gè)著名的科學(xué)家的創(chuàng)造力________于這樣的一個(gè)事實(shí)：他從未上過學(xué)，從而保留了自由思考的天賦。所以填入attributed表示“將創(chuàng)造力歸因于一個(gè)事實(shí)”。

2.考查上下文語義。句意：毫無疑問是________在愛因斯坦的觀點(diǎn)中：許多藝術(shù)家和天才似乎都______他們的上學(xué)經(jīng)歷為極大的不利因素。所以填入truth表示“愛因斯坦的觀點(diǎn)毫無疑問是真實(shí)的”。

3.考查上下文語義和搭配。句意：愛因斯坦的觀點(diǎn)毫無疑問是真實(shí)的：許多藝術(shù)家和天才似乎都_______他們的上學(xué)經(jīng)歷為極大的不利因素。所以填入view構(gòu)成搭配“view…as將……看作”，表示“都將他們的上學(xué)經(jīng)歷看作成極大的不利因素”。

4.考查上下文語義。句意：巴勃羅?畢加索、查爾斯?達(dá)爾文、馬克?吐溫，奧利弗?戈德史密斯，還有威廉?巴特勒?葉芝都_________學(xué)校。所以填入disliked表示“他們都不喜歡學(xué)?！?。

5.考查倒裝句語法。句意：溫斯頓?丘吉爾也一樣，他差點(diǎn)被哈羅工效開除，而這是一所名校。所以填入連詞so構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“so+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”表示“.….也一樣”。

6.考查語法。句意：引導(dǎo)探索者是學(xué)校的職責(zé)，而不是訓(xùn)練探索者。此句中動(dòng)詞不定式“tocivilize,nottotrainexplorers”為句子真正的主語，所以填入It作形式主語。

7.考查連詞。探索者總是一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的個(gè)體，無論他的創(chuàng)舉是在藝術(shù)、音樂、科學(xué)或是技術(shù)領(lǐng)域。所以填入whether構(gòu)成搭配“whether…or不論….或者….”，表示“無論是在藝術(shù)、音樂、科學(xué)或是技術(shù)領(lǐng)域”。

8.考查介詞搭配。句意：對(duì)于為開拓的領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行探索的有創(chuàng)造力的人與天才具有共同之處，這種共同之處被威廉?詹姆斯描述為“不同尋常的感知能力”。所以填入as構(gòu)成搭配“describe…as…將……描述為……”。What引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作sharewith的賓語，表示“共同之處被描述為都不同尋常的感知能力”。

9.考查上下文語義。句意：然而，社會(huì)秩序要求團(tuán)結(jié)和廣泛一致，這兩個(gè)方面對(duì)于創(chuàng)造力來說是________的。所以填入destructive表示“具有毀滅性的”。

10.考查上下文語義。句意：社會(huì)的要求和對(duì)于創(chuàng)造力和天才的需求之間總是會(huì)存在________。所以填入conflict表示“二者之間存在矛盾或沖突”。

2.單選題

Satellitephotographscanprovideinformationon（）rainarefalling.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichwhereandhowmuch

B.whereandhow

C.whichandhow

D.whereandhowmuch

【答案】D

【解析】考查引導(dǎo)詞。句意：衛(wèi)星照片可以提供關(guān)于降雨區(qū)域以及降雨量的信息。on后面接定語從句，從句的主語已經(jīng)有引導(dǎo)詞連接，不再用which。故D項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Peoplecanbeaddictedtodifferentthings——forexample,alcohol,drugs,certainfoods,oreventelevision.Peoplewhohavesuchanaddictionarecompulsive;thatis,theyhaveaverypowerfulpsychologicalneedthattheyfeeltheymustsatisfy.Accordingtopsychologists,manypeoplearecompulsivespenders.Theyfellthattheymustspendmoney.Thiscompulsion,likemostothersisirrational——impossibletoexplainreasonably.Forcompulsivespenderswhobuyoncredit,chargeaccountsareevenmoreexcitingthanmoney.Inotherwords,compulsivespendersfeelthatwithcredit,theycandoanything.Theirpleasureinspendingenormousamountsisactuallygreaterthanthepleasurethattheygetfromthethingstheybuy.

Thereisevenaspecialpsychologyofbargainhunting.Tosavemoney,ofcourse,mostpeoplelookforsales,lowpricesanddiscounts.Compulsivebargainhunters,however,oftenbuythingsthattheydon'tneedjustbecausetheyarecheap.Theywanttobelievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets,buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame.Whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthanotherpeople,theyfeelthattheyarewinning.Mostpeople,expertsclaim,havetworeasonsfortheirbehavior:agoodreasonforthethingsthattheydoandtherealreason.

Itisnotonlyscientists,ofcourse,whounderstandthepsychologyofspendinghabits,butalsobusiness-people,Stores,companies,andadvertisersusepsychologytoincreasebusiness.Theyconsiderpeople'sneedsforlove,power,orinfluence,theirbasicvalues,theirbeliefsandopinionsandsoonintheiradvertisingandsalesmethods.

Psychologistsoftenuseamethodcalled‘behaviortherapy'tohelpindividualssolvetheirpersonalityproblems.Inthesameway,theycanhelppeoplewhofeelthattheyhaveproblemswithmoney.

Althoughbehaviorhasmanycauses,mostscientistsseektoisolatesinglecauses.Thismakesthescientificstudyofbehaviorhard.Manyresearchersinpsychologyusecontrolledexperimentsinwhichtheycanexaminetheeffectofonefactoratatimeinaparticularkindofbehavior.Someinvestigatorsdesignexperimentstotestthebehavioraleffectsofseveralfactorsinvariouscombinations.Stillotherresearchersstudybehaviorinthe‘real'worldbyobservingpeopleintheirdailyactivities.Observingbehavioroutsidecontrolledexperimentscannotprovethatonethingcausesanother.Butstudyingpeopleintherealworldoftenhelpsscientistsseethewaysinwhichcausesidentifiedinexperimentsactuallyoperateinpeople'sdailylives.

Specialistsinmanyfieldsstudybehavior.Psychologistsandsomebiologistsstudyanimalbehaviorincontrolledexperiments.Otherpsychologistsstudyindividualsorsmallgroupsofpeopleincontrolledgamesortaskstounderstandmanyaspectsofbehavior,includingthereasonsforpeople'sfeelings,thoughtsandmotives.Thesestudieshelpestablishprinciplesthatcanbeusedtoexplain,predict,andmodifybehavior.Educationalresearchersstudyhowpeoplebehaveintheclassroom.Insociology,behavioralresearchfocusesmainlyonthebehaviorofpeopleinlargegroupsandsocialinstitutions,suchasbusinesses,churches,governments,andhospitals.Ananthropologistmayliveinanisolatedcommunitytostudybehaviorpatternsofawholegroup.

1.Accordingtothepsychologists,acompulsivespenderisonewhospendsmoney（）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,compulsivebargainhuntersareinconstantsearchofthelowestpossibleprices（）.

3.Thearticleismainlyabout（）.

4.Fromthepassagewemaysafelyconcludethatcompulsivespenderorcompulsivebargainhunters（）.

5.Fromthepassage,weknowthatscientificstudyofbehavioris（）.

6.Acontrolledexperimentinthispassageisoneinwhich（）.

7.Wecaninferthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.andtakesgreatpleasurefromwhatheorshebuys

B.inordertosatisfyhisorherbasicneedsinlife

C.justtomeethisorherstrongpsychologicalneed

D.entirelywithanirrationalplanforhisincomes

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.becausetheywanttosavemoneytohelptheirbudgets

B.becausetheywanttowinoverothersingettingthingsforlessmoney

C.andwillnothavemoneyproblemsiftheycankeeptotheirbudget

D.buttheyneverfeelsatisfiedaftertheycangetthingsforlessmoneythanothers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thepsychologyofmoney-spendinghabits

B.thelivinghabitsofcompulsivespenders

C.aspecialpsychologyofbargainhunting

D.theuseofthepsychologyofspendinghabitsinbusiness

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.arereallyunreasonable

B.needspecialtreatment

C.arereallybeyondremedies

D.cannevergetanyhelptosolvetheirproblemswithmoney

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.difficult

B.easy

C.interesting

D.extremelyuseful

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.alltheconditionsarekeptthesamewhenstudyingabehavior

B.allthevariablesareconsciouslychangedwhenexaminingabehavior

C.theeffectsofseveralfactorsthataffectabehaviorarestudiedatatime

D.theeffectofonefactorisstudiedatatimeinaparticularbehavior

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.peoplebehavedifferentlyindifferentcountries

B.peoplebehavethesameinthesamesituation

C.studentsbehavedifferentlywhentheystayinaclassroomsettingandstayathome

D.thebehaviorofthepeopleinlargergroupsandsocialinstitutionsisthesameasthatofthestudentsintheclassroom.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段“Thiscompulsion,likemostothersisirrational——impossibletoexplainreasonably.”這種強(qiáng)迫和其他大多數(shù)強(qiáng)迫一樣是非理性的——無法合理解釋。也就是說,他們只是為了滿足自己強(qiáng)烈的心理需求,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段四五句“Theywanttobelievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets,buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame.Whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthanotherpeople,theyfeelthattheyarewinning.”他們寧愿相信自己是在節(jié)省預(yù)算,但其實(shí)他們?cè)谕嬉粋€(gè)令人興奮的游戲。當(dāng)他們能買到比別人便宜的東西時(shí),他們就會(huì)覺得自己贏了。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要是對(duì)具有強(qiáng)迫性消費(fèi)人群的花錢習(xí)慣進(jìn)行心理學(xué)層面的分析,選項(xiàng)A最能概括全文,其他選項(xiàng)太片面。

4.根據(jù)原文第一段可知,選項(xiàng)A符合原文；選項(xiàng)B中的特殊治療法表述不正確；選項(xiàng)C和D表述有誤,所以本題選A。

5.根據(jù)第五段一二句“Althoughbehaviorhasmanycauses,mostscientistsseektoisolatesinglecauses.Thismakesthescientificstudyofbehaviorhard.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確。

6.根據(jù)第五段第三句“Manyresearchersinpsychologyusecontrolledexperimentsinwhichtheycanexaminetheeffectofonefactoratatimeinaparticularkindofbehavior.”許多心理學(xué)研究人員使用對(duì)照實(shí)驗(yàn),他們可以一次檢查一個(gè)因素對(duì)特定行為的影響。選項(xiàng)D與原文描述一致。

7.根據(jù)原文可知,選項(xiàng)A和B在文中沒有提及；選項(xiàng)D表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知,不同領(lǐng)域的研究專家研究不同的群體,這說明人們?cè)诓煌膱?chǎng)合中行為習(xí)慣也是不同的,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.單選題

CantheInternethelppatientsjumpthelineatthedoctor’soffice?TheSiliconValleyEmployersForum,asophisticatedgroupoftechnologycompanies,islaunchingapilotprogramtotestonline“virtualvisits”betweendoctorsatthreebiglocalmedicalgroupsandabout6,000employeesandtheirfamilies.ThesixemployerstakingpartintheSiliconValleyinitiative,includingheavyhitterssuchasOracleandCiscoSystems,hopethatonlinevisitswillmeanemployeeswon’thavetoskipworktotendtominorailmentsortofollowuponchronicconditions.“Withourlongcommutesandtraffic,driving40milestoyourdoctorinyourhometowncanbeabigchunkoftime,”saysCindyConway,benefitsdirectoratCadenceDesignSystems,oneoftheparticipatingcompanies.

Doctorsaren’tclamoringtochatwithpatientsonlineforfree;theyspendenoughunpaidtimeonthephone.Only1in5haseveremailedapatient,andjust9percentareinterestedindoingso,accordingtotheresearchfirmCyberDialog.“Wearenotstupid,”saysStirlingSomers,executiveoftheSiliconValleyemployersgroup.“Doctorsgettingpaidinacriticalpieceisgettingthistowork.”Inthepilotprogram,physicianswillget$20peronlineconsultation,aboutwhattheygetforasimpleofficevisit.

Doctorsalsofearthey’llbeswampedbyramblinge-mailsthattelleverythingbutwhat’sneededtomakeadiagnosis.SothenewprogramwillusetechnologysuppliedbyHealinx,anAlameda,Calif-basedstart-up.Healinx’s“SmartSymptomWizard”questionspatentsandturnsanswersintoasuccinctmessage.Thecompanyhasonlinedialoguesfor60commonconditions.ThedoctorcanthendiagnosetheproblemandoutlineatreatmentplanwhichcouldincludeE-mailingaprescriptionoraface-to-facevisit.

CanE-mailreplacethedoctor’soffice?Manyconditions,suchaspersistentcough,requireastethoscopetodiscoverwhat’swrong—andtoavoidamalpracticesuit.EvenLarryBonham,headofoneofthedoctor’sgroupsinthepilot,believesthevirtualdoctor’svisitsoffera“verynarrow”sliverofservicebetweenphonecallstoanadvicenurseandavisittotheclinic.

Thepilotprogram,settoendinninemonths,alsohopestodeterminewhetheronlinevisitswillboostworkerproductivityenoughtooffsetthecostoftheservice.Sofar,theinternet’srecordinthehealthfieldhasbeenunderwhelming.Theexperimentis“ahugerollofthediceforHealinx”,notesMichaelBarrett,ananalystatInternetconsultingfirmForesterResearch.Ifthe“Webvisits”succeed,expectsomeHMOS(HealthMaintenanceOrganizations)topayforonlinevisits.Ifdoctors,employers,andpatientsaren’tsatisfied,figureononemoreE-healthstart-upistostanddown.

1.TheSiliconValleyemployerspromotetheE-healthprogramforthepurposeof（）.

2.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheon-linedoctors’visits?

3.AccordingtoParagraph2,doctorsare（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthefutureofonlinevisitswillmostlydependonwhether（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rewardingtheiremployee

B.gratifyingthelocalhospitals

C.boostingworkerproductivity

D.testingasophisticatedtechnology

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareaquitepromisingbusiness.

B.Theyarefundedbythelocalgovernment.

C.Theyarewelcomedbyallthepatients.

D.Theyareverymuchunderexperimentation.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.reluctanttoserveonlinefornothing

B.notinterestedinWebconsultation

C.tootiredtotalktothepatientsonline

D.contentwith$20paidperWebvisit

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theemployerswouldremainconfidentinthem

B.theycouldeffectivelyreplaceofficevisits

C.HMOSwouldcoverthecostoftheservice

D.newtechnologieswouldbeavailabletoimprovetheE-healthproject

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第三句hopethatonlinevisitswillmeanemployeeswon’thavetoskipworktotendtominorailmentsortofollowuponchronicconditions.（希望在線訪問將意味著員工不必為了照顧小病或慢性病而翹班。），說明電子健康計(jì)劃的目的是讓員工花更多的時(shí)間在工作上，提高生產(chǎn)力。因此C選項(xiàng)“提高工人生產(chǎn)力”正確。A選項(xiàng)“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他們的員工”，B選項(xiàng)“讓當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)院滿意”，D選項(xiàng)“測(cè)試復(fù)雜的技術(shù)”均不能說明該計(jì)劃的目的，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

2.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“是一個(gè)前景很好的行業(yè)”，由原文Ifdoctors,employers,andpatientsaren’tsatisfied,figureononemoreE-healthstart-upistostanddown.（如果醫(yī)生、雇主和病人都不滿意，還有一家電子健康計(jì)劃初創(chuàng)企業(yè)將退出。）可知該計(jì)劃的前景還不明朗，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“是由當(dāng)?shù)卣Y助的”，文中沒有提及政府資助，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“受到所有病人的歡迎”在文中沒有提及，所以C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“處于實(shí)驗(yàn)階段”，由原文可知并非所有的醫(yī)生都支持該項(xiàng)目，且在線看病還不能完全替代醫(yī)院看病，是否能達(dá)到預(yù)期目的也有待觀察，說明該項(xiàng)目還處于實(shí)驗(yàn)階段，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Doctorsaren’tclamoringtochatwithpatientsonlineforfree;theyspendenoughunpaidtimeonthephone.（醫(yī)生們并沒有吵著要和病人在網(wǎng)上免費(fèi)看病，他們花在電話上的無酬時(shí)間已經(jīng)夠多了。），說明醫(yī)生不愿意無償在線看病。因此A選項(xiàng)“不愿無償在線看病”正確。B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)咨詢不感興趣”，由原文可知有9%的人感興趣，所以B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“太累了，無法在網(wǎng)上和病人交談”，在文中沒有提及，所以C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“滿足于每次網(wǎng)上看病的20美元薪酬”，文中沒有說到他們滿足于這個(gè)薪酬，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到最后一段第一句alsohopestodeterminewhetheronlinevisitswillboostworkerproductivityenoughtooffsetthecostoftheservice（該計(jì)劃還希望確定在線看病是否會(huì)提高工人的生產(chǎn)率，足以抵消服務(wù)成本），說明只有在線看病能發(fā)揮其效果，能夠抵消服務(wù)成本，即在線看病能替代醫(yī)院看病時(shí)，該項(xiàng)目才有前景。因此B選項(xiàng)“可以有效地替代醫(yī)院看病”正確。A選項(xiàng)“雇主會(huì)對(duì)他們保持信心”，C選項(xiàng)“HMOS將支付服務(wù)費(fèi)用”，D選項(xiàng)“將利用新技術(shù)改進(jìn)電子健康項(xiàng)目”均不是項(xiàng)目成功的關(guān)鍵，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

5.單選題

Threecenturiesago,aDutchmathematiciannamedChristianHuygensinventedanewreligion.Hedidn’tmeanto.Allhedidwastobuildapendulumclockthatallowedpeople,forthefirsttimeinhistory,tokeeptrackofhoursandminutesaccurately.Yes,itwillgetalotofattentionaroundtheglobeonNewYear’sEve,butthatistheexception.Manyculturesstillmarchtodifferentdrummers.TimeseemstomovefasterinFrankfurtthaninSanSalvador.MonksinBurmaknowitistimetogetupwhenthereisenoughlighttoseetheveinsintheirhands,andshowingupontimeiscauseforridiculeinMexico.

RobertLevineandhisresearchersvisitedcitiesaroundtheworldtomeasuretheaccuracyofpublicclocksandtotimehowlongittakesdowntownpedestrianstowalk60feetandpostalclerkstosellastamp.

InSwitzerland,clocksaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19seconds.InBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffwhenhetoldLevineitwas“exactly2:14.”AtthecentralpostofficeinJakarta,Levinewassentoutsidetostreetvendors.

MuchoftheworldlivesonwhatLevinecallseventtime.InParis,youmightsetabusinessmeetingfor3p.m,butinBurundi,youmightagreetomeetwhenthecowsreturnfromthewateringhole.InMadagascar,ifyouaskhowlongittakestogettothenearestmarket,yougetananswerlikethetimeittakestocookrice.

Ifthatsoundsappealing,don’tbetoohastytomoveabroad.Clockaddictionistoughtobreak.Learninganewpaceoflifeislikemasteringaforeignlanguage.Andtherearedrawbackstotimelessliving.Youmightbeabletoshowupforworkatyourconvenience.Butyoucouldspendadayormorewaitingtomakeatelephonecall.YoufeelslightedintheUnitedStatesifyourlunchdatenevershows,butinKenya,aperfectlyreasonableexcuseisthatonthewaytomeetyou,heranintoafriendanddecidedtojoinhimforlunchinstead.

LevineseemstothinkthattheWestisbecomingmoredevotedtotheclockwitheachpassingminute.

Anewatomicclockissoaccuratethatitwon’tbeoffbymorethanasecondamillionyearsfromnow.Andclockworshipappearstobespreadingtothedevelopingworld，wherevendorshawkwatchesoncitystreets.

Butoftentheyaresellingprestigeratherthanpunctuality.Onsomeoftheirwatches,thehandsdon’tmove.

1.Whichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutclockisexpressedinthepassage?

2.TheauthorquotestheexamplethatclocksinSwitzerlandaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19secondswhileinBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffinordertoimply（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.IntheWest,peopletendtodothings（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasinventedinthesixteenthcentury.

B.Inmoderntimes,clockisindispensabletopeople’slives.

C.Theprevalenceoftheclockwasbeyondtheexpectationoftheinventor.

D.Whilemovingabroad,peoplewillgiveupclockandadaptthemselvestotimelessliving.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.clocksaremoreaccurateinSwitzerlandthaninBrazil

B.clocksmadeinSwitzerlandaremuchbetterinqualitythanthoseinBrazil

C.timemovesfasterinSwitzerlandthaninBrazil

D.peopleinSwitzerlandhavestrongersenseoftimethanBrazilians

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplefromthedevelopingworldbegintoregardbeingontimeasveryimportant.

B.ThepaceoflifeinJakartaiscomparativelyslow.

C.InMexico,peoplewillbelaughedatiftheyareontime.

D.PeopleinBurmadothingsaccordingtotheeventtime.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.accordingtoclocktime

B.accordingtoeventtime

C.attheirconvenience

D.withnoregardtotime

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“assumptionsaboutclock”定位到文章第一段“Allhedidwastobuildapendulumclockthatallowedpeople,forthefirsttimeinhistory,tokeeptrackofhoursandminutesaccurately.Yes,itwillgetalotofattentionaroundtheglobeonNewYear’sEve,butthatistheexception.”可知他只是建造了一個(gè)鐘擺鐘，使人們有史以來第一次能夠準(zhǔn)確地記錄小時(shí)和分鐘。在除夕夜，它會(huì)得到全世界的關(guān)注，但這是一件異常的事?？膳袛喑鰰r(shí)鐘的普及和被關(guān)注是發(fā)明者未能預(yù)料的事情，故選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Switzerland，Brazil”定位到文章第二段“InSwitzerland,clocksaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19seconds.InBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffwhenhetoldLevineitwas‘exactly2:14.’”，可知在瑞士，時(shí)鐘的平均快慢只有19秒，而在巴西，有個(gè)人休息了三個(gè)多小時(shí)，但他卻告訴萊文時(shí)間是2:14。下文繼續(xù)列舉了一系列一些例子，體現(xiàn)出不同國家的時(shí)間觀念?？膳袛喑鲎髡吡信e瑞士和巴西的例子，是為了說明瑞士人相比巴西人有更強(qiáng)的時(shí)間觀念。故選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。由A項(xiàng)“developingworld”定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Andclockworshipappearstobespreadingtothedevelopingworld，wherevendorshawkwatchesoncitystreets.”可知，對(duì)鐘表的崇拜似乎正在向發(fā)展中國家蔓延，在那里，小販們?cè)诔鞘薪值郎隙凳凼直怼？膳袛喑霭l(fā)展中國家的人越來越崇拜鐘表，時(shí)間觀念也越來越強(qiáng)。故選項(xiàng)A符合文意，可排除。B項(xiàng)文章沒有提及，可排除。由C項(xiàng)“Mexico”定位到文章第一段“...showingupontimeiscauseforridiculeinMexico.”，可知在墨西哥，準(zhǔn)時(shí)赴約會(huì)遭到人們的嘲笑。故選項(xiàng)C符合文意，可排除。由C項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞“Burma”定位到原文第一段“MonksinBurmaknowitistimetogetupwhenthereisenoughlighttoseetheveinsintheirhands…”可知，對(duì)于緬甸的僧侶們來說，當(dāng)有足夠的光線看到他們手上的血管時(shí)，就該起床了?？膳袛喑鼍挼榈臅r(shí)間觀念并不強(qiáng)，也不是按照某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的時(shí)間來衡量時(shí)間的。故選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“West”定位到文章倒數(shù)第三段“LevineseemstothinkthattheWestisbecomingmoredevotedtotheclockwitheachpassingminute.”可知Levine似乎認(rèn)為，隨著時(shí)間的流逝，西方國家對(duì)時(shí)鐘的關(guān)注越來越多。第四段中也提及“InParis,youmightsetabusinessmeetingfor3p.m…”在法國巴黎，你可以把商務(wù)會(huì)議安排在下午三點(diǎn)?？膳袛喑鑫鞣饺耸欠浅Ｊ貢r(shí)的，會(huì)按鐘表的時(shí)間來辦事。故選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

W:Wouldyoulikemetogetyousometea?

M:Notnow,thanks.Maybelater.

Q:Whatdoesthemanwant?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Todrinkteainawhile.

B.Toprepareteahimself.

C.Togetthewomansometealater.

D.Todrinksomethingelse.

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)男士的回答“Notnow,thanks.Maybelater.現(xiàn)在不用，謝謝?？赡芤粫?huì)兒會(huì)需要?！笨芍狝選項(xiàng)‘一會(huì)兒再喝’正確。

7.單選題

Itis______thatwomenshouldbepaidlessthanmenfordoingthesamekindofwork.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abrupt

B.absurd

C.adverse

D.addictive

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.abrupt突然的，意外的B.absurd荒謬的，荒唐的

C.adverse不利的，有害的D.addictive使人上癮的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)主語從句的內(nèi)容“女人做同樣的工作卻得到比男人少的報(bào)酬”可知，做同樣的工作，女人的報(bào)酬比男人的少，這是荒謬的，所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】女人做同樣的工作卻得到比男人少的報(bào)酬，這是荒謬的。

8.單選題

AthighnoonlastOctober1st,thecitizensofEcuador（厄瓜多爾）didsomethingthey’dneverdreamedpossible:theysynchronized（同步）theirwatches.Indoingso,theyembarkedonanationalcampaignagainstlateness.Aspecialgrouporganizedthiscampaign.ThegroupinvitedthePresidenttojoininthem,butactuallythePresidentwasinfamouslyunpunctual.Anyway,thePresidentagreedtovowtoparticipate.Hisspokesman,goingontelevisiontoannouncethisvow,arrivedatthestudio,needlesstosay,severalminuteslate.

Suchacampaignmaybescornedorlaughedat,becauseitseemsnotseriousandevennonsense,withoutanypracticalmeaning,butitcomesoutofabasiceconomicfact:punctualitypays.Accordingtoonestudy,chroniclatenesscostsEcuador$2.5billionayear―hardlysmallchangeinacountrywithagrossdomesticproductofjusttwenty-fourbilliondollars.Thefundamentalchallengeforamoderneconomyistocoordinatetheactionsofmillionsofindependentpeoplesothatgoodsmaybeproducedandservicesdeliveredasefficientlyaspossible.It’saloteasiertodothiswhenpeoplearewherethey’resupposedtobewhenthey’resupposedtobethere.Thisisespeciallytrueinlightofrecentinnovationssuchasjust-in-timemanufacturing.

Dellcomputer’ssuppliershavetobeabletodeliverpartstoDell’sfactorieswithinninetyminutes.Underthoseconditions,“I’llgettoitlater”won’tdo.

InsomepunctualcountrieslikeJapan,pedestrianswalkfast,businesstransactionstakeplacequickly,andbankclocksarealwaysaccurate.Inlesspunctualplaces,suchasIndonesia,pedestriansamble,workersidle,andbankclocksareusuallywrong.Inotherwords,Ecuadoriansaretryingtorevolutionizethewaytheyliveandwork.

Cantheydoit?Thereareobviousobstacles.Tardinesscanbequitepleasant,especiallywhenit’swhatyou’veaccustomedto.Thereisalsothetrickyquestionofclass.Latenesscanbeawayfortherichandpowerfultoassertthemselves,toshowhowmuchmorevaluabletheirtimeis.InEcuador,membersofthemilitaryandthegovernmentarethemostnotoriousoffenders,andbusinessmenarefarmorelikelytoshowuplatethanblue-collarworkersare.There’snopointingettingtoameetingontimeifnooneisgoingtobethere.Tardinessfeedsonitself,creatingaviciouscycle.

1.ItisimpliedinthefirstparagraphthatthepresidentofEcuador（

）.

2.Theword“pay”hasthesamemeaningin“punctualitypays”asin

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutEcuadorpeopleiscorrect?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.agreedtogoontelevisiontoannouncehisvowtoparticipate

B.waswell-knownforhispunctuality

C.hadahabitofbeinglateinhislifeandwork

D.wastryingtorevolutionizethewatchesinhiscountry

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.“Itpaystogetsomeprofessionaladvicebeforeyoumakeadecision”

B.“Hedidn’tpayanyattentiontowhatIsaid”

C.“Mymotherpaysformydrivinglessons”

D.“Idecidedtopaymyfriendsavisit”

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyusedtobepunctualwhentheyaregoingtowork.

B.Theylovetheirpresidentforhisbeingunpunctual.

C.Theystartedtorealizethevitalityoftime.

D.Theyhavebeenunaccustomedtothetardinessoftheirbank.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ecuadoriansaretryingtomakeanadvertisementfortheirwatchesbyanationalcampaignagainstlateness

B.bankclocksinlesspunctualplacesareusuallywrongbecausetheirclocksarebackward

C.moderneconomytriestocoordinatetheactionsofmillionsofindependentpeopletopromoteefficiency

D.Ecuadorianswillremaintheirwayoflife

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的ThegroupinvitedthePresidenttojoininthem,butactuallythePresidentwasinfamouslyunpunctual.（該團(tuán)體邀請(qǐng)總統(tǒng)加入，但實(shí)際上，總統(tǒng)的不守時(shí)是臭名昭著的）可知C選項(xiàng)“在他的生活和工作中有遲到的習(xí)慣”符合題意。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞pay定位到文章第二段的butitcomesoutofabasiceconomicfact:punctualitypays.Accordingtoonestudy,chroniclatenesscostsEcuador$2.5billionayear（但它來自一個(gè)基本的經(jīng)濟(jì)事實(shí)：守時(shí)支付。根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，長期遲到給厄瓜多爾每年造成25億美元的損失）可知punctualitypays中的pay表示“支付，付費(fèi)”。A選項(xiàng)中的pay表示“值得”；B選項(xiàng)中的payattentionto表示“注意”；C選項(xiàng)中的payfor表示“為……支付”；D選項(xiàng)中的payavisit表示“探望，拜訪，參觀”。因此本題的正確答案為C。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第四段中的Inotherwords,Ecuadoriansaretryingtorevolutionizethewaytheyliveandwork.（換句話說，厄瓜多爾人正試圖徹底改變他們的生活和工作方式）可知C選項(xiàng)“他們開始意識(shí)到時(shí)間的重要性”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的Thefundamentalchallengeforamoderneconomyistocoordinatetheactionsofmillionsofindependentpeoplesothatgoodsmaybeproducedandservicesdeliveredasefficientlyaspossible.（現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)的根本挑戰(zhàn)是協(xié)調(diào)數(shù)百萬獨(dú)立人民的行動(dòng)，以便盡可能有效地生產(chǎn)商品和提供服務(wù)）可知C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)努力協(xié)調(diào)數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的獨(dú)立者的行動(dòng)，以提高效率”符合題意。

9.單選題

Mikelosthis______onthebikeandfelloff.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.equation

B.equivalence

C.equilibrium

D.equality

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A項(xiàng)equation“等式，相等”，是人為的把兩個(gè)東西等同起來；B項(xiàng)equivalence“等價(jià)，等值”，表示某種東西在用途、功能、大小或值上是相等的；C項(xiàng)equilibrium“均衡，平衡”，表示一種平衡狀態(tài)，尤指對(duì)立力量或影響之間的平衡狀態(tài)，也可指心理平衡；D項(xiàng)equality“平等，相等”，是指客觀存在的平等。根據(jù)句子意思“邁克在自行車上失去……，摔了下來”可知，空格處是表示“在自行車上失去平衡”，所以選擇C項(xiàng)符合句意。句意：邁克在自行車上失去平衡，摔了下來。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

10.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

ThedevelopmentofjazzcanbeseenaspartofthelargercontinuumofAmericanpopularmusic,especiallydancemusic.Inthetwenties,jazzbecamethehottestnewthingindancemusic,muchasragtimehadattheturnofthecentury,andaswouldrhythmandbluesinthefifties,rockinthefifties,anddiscointheseventies.Buttwocharacteristicsdistinguishjazzfromotherdancemusic.Thefirstisimprovisation,thechangingofamusicalphraseaccordingtotheplayer’sinspiration.Likeallartists,jazzmusiciansstriveforanindividualstyle,andtheimprovisedorparaphrasedisajazzmusician’smainopportunitytodisplayhisorherindividuality.Inearlyjazz,musiciansoftenimprovisedmelodiescollectively,thuscreatingakindofpolyphony.Therewaslittlesoloingassuch,althoughsomeNewOrleansplayers,particularlycometplayerBuddyBolden,achievedlocalfamefortheirabilitytoimproviseasolo.Latertheideaofthechorus-longormulticoursesolotookhold.LouisArmstrong’sinstrumentalbrilliance,demonstratedthroughextendedsolos,wasamajorinfluenceinthisdevelopment.

Evenintheearlytwenties,however,somejazzbandshadfeaturedsoloists.Similarly,showorchestrasandcarnivalbandsoftenincludedoneortwosuch“get-off”musicians.Unimproved,completelystructuredjazzdoesexist,buttheabilityofthebestjazzmusicianstocreatemusicofgreatcohesionandbeautyduringperformancehasbeenahallmarkofthemusicanditsmajorsourceofinspirationandchange.Theseconddistinguishingcharacteristicofjazzisarhythmicdrivethatwasinitiallycalled“hot”andlater“swing”.Inplayinghot,amusicianconsciouslydepartsfro