考研考博-英語-天津?yàn)I海職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津?yàn)I海職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Officejobsareamongthepositionshardesthitbycomputation.Wordprocessorsandtypistswillloseabout93,000jobsoverthenextfewyears,while57,000secretarialjobswillvanish.BlamethePC:Today,manyexecutivestypetheirownmemosandcarrytheir“secretaries”inthepalmsoftheirhands.Timeisalsohardforstockclerks,whoseranksareexpectedtodecreaseby68,000.Andemployeesinmanufacturingfirmsandwholesalersarebeingreplacedwithcomputerizedsystems.

Butnoteveryonewholosesajobwillendupintheunemploymentline.Manywillshifttogrowingpositionswithintheirowncompanies.Whennewtechnologiesshookupthetelecombusiness,telephoneoperatorJudyDoughertypursuedretraining.Sheisnowacommunicationstechnician,earningabout$64,000peryear.Ofcourse,ifyou’vebeenatollboothcollectorforthepast30years,andyoufindyourselfreplacedbyanE-ZPassmachine,itmaybeoflittleconsolationtoknowthatthetelecommfieldisbooming.

Andthat’sjustit:Theserviceeconomyisfading;welcometotheexpertiseeconomy.Tosucceedinthenewjobmarket,youmustbeabletohandlecomplexproblems.Indeed,allbutoneofthe50highest-payingoccupations—air-trafficcontroller—demandatleastabachelor’sdegree.

Forthosewithjustahighschooldiploma,it’sgoingtogettoughertofindawell-payingjob.Sincefewerfactoryandclericaljobswillbeavailable,what’sleftwillbethejobsthatcomputationcan’tkill:Computerscan’tcleanoffices,orcareforAlzheimer’spatients.But,sincemostpeoplehavetheskillstofillthosepositions,thewagesstaypainfullylow,meaningcomputationcoulddriveanevendeeperwedgebetweentherichandpoor.Thebestadvicenow:Neverstoplearning,andkeepupwithnewtechnology.

Forbusyadults,ofcourse,thatcanbetough.Thegoodnewsisthattheverytechnologythat’sreducingsomanyjobsisalsomakingiteasiertogobacktoschool—withouthavingtositinaclassroom.So-calledInternetdistancelearningishot,withmorethanthreemillionstudentscurrentlyenrolled,andit’sgainingcredibilitywithemployers.

Areyouatriskoflosingyourjobtoacomputer?CheckthefederalBureauofLaborStatistics’OccupationalOutlookHandbook,whichisavailableonlineat.

34.FromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthatallofthefollowingpersonsareeasilythrownintounemploymentEXCEPT（）.

35.Bysaying“...computationcoulddriveanevendeeperwedgebetweentherichandpoor”(Para.4)theauthormeans（）.

36.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardscomputers?

37.Whichofthefollowingmightserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.secretaries

B.stockclerks

C.managers

D.wholesalers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.peoplearegettingricherandricher

B.therewillbeasmallgapbetweenrichandpoor

C.thegapbetweenrichandpoorisgettinglargerandlarger

D.it’stimetocloseupthegapbetweentherichandpoor

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Positive.

B.Negative.

C.Neutral.

D.Prejudiced

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.BlamingthePC.

B.Theboomingtelecommfield.

C.Internetdistancelearning.

D.Keepingupwithcomputation.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】34.推理判斷題。定位在第一段Wordprocessorsandtypistswillloseabout93,000jobsoverthenextfewyears,while57,000secretarialjobswillvanish.（文字處理人員和打字員將在最近幾年失去93000個(gè)就業(yè)職位，57000個(gè)秘書的職位將消失。）Timeisalsohardforstockclerks,whoseranksareexpectedtodecreaseby68,000.（股票職員的日子也不好過，其職位預(yù)期要減少68000個(gè)。）Andemployeesinmanufacturingfirmsandwholesalersarebeingreplacedwithcomputerizedsystems.（同時(shí)，制造業(yè)的雇員和批發(fā)商也正在被計(jì)算機(jī)化的系統(tǒng)所替代。）由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“秘書”，B選項(xiàng)“股票職員”，D選項(xiàng)“批發(fā)商”都很容易失業(yè)。因此C選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)理”最不可能失業(yè)，符合題意，故選C。

35.推理判斷題。定位到第四段But,sincemostpeoplehavetheskillstofillthosepositions,thewagesstaypainfullylow,meaningcomputationcoulddriveanevendeeperwedgebetweentherichandpoor.（但是，由于大多數(shù)人都能勝任這樣的職位，工資就會(huì)非常低，這就意味著計(jì)算機(jī)自動(dòng)化可能會(huì)在貧富之間打入一個(gè)更深的楔子。）也即是說，計(jì)算機(jī)自動(dòng)化可能會(huì)造成貧富之間的差距越來越大。因此C選項(xiàng)“貧富差距越來越大”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“人們?cè)絹碓礁挥辛恕?，B選項(xiàng)“貧富差距會(huì)減小”，D選項(xiàng)“是時(shí)候縮小貧富差距了”，均不符合題意。故選C。

36.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。這篇文章客觀地說明了計(jì)算機(jī)自動(dòng)化所造成或?qū)⒁斐傻氖I(yè)問題，作者對(duì)此深表同情，但作者對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)自動(dòng)化卻還是肯定的。定位到第三段Theserviceeconomyisfading;welcometotheexpertiseeconomy.（服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)正在衰退；歡迎來到專業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)。）和第四段中的Thebestadvicenow:Neverstoplearning,andkeepupwithnewtechnology.（現(xiàn)在最好的建議是永遠(yuǎn)不要停止學(xué)習(xí)，跟上新技術(shù)的步伐。）說明在作者眼里計(jì)算機(jī)自動(dòng)化是科技的進(jìn)步，能夠催人奮進(jìn)，努力學(xué)習(xí)。由此可見作者對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)持肯定的態(tài)度，因此A選項(xiàng)“積極的；肯定的”正確，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“消極的；否定的”，C選項(xiàng)“中立的”，D選項(xiàng)“懷有偏見的”均不符合題意。故選A。

37.主旨大意題。本文主要圍繞“計(jì)算機(jī)自動(dòng)化”展開敘述，客觀地說明了計(jì)算機(jī)自動(dòng)化所造成或?qū)⒁斐傻氖I(yè)問題，作者對(duì)此深表同情，同時(shí)也提出忠告：學(xué)無止境，跟上新技術(shù)不落伍。因此D選項(xiàng)“跟上計(jì)算機(jī)的使用”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“責(zé)怪電腦”，B選項(xiàng)“蓬勃發(fā)展的電信領(lǐng)域”，C選項(xiàng)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)遠(yuǎn)程教育”，均不符合題意。故選D。

2.單選題

Wantaglimpseofthefutureofhealthcare?Takealookatthewaythevariousnetworksofpeopleinvolvedinpatientcarearebeingconnectedtooneanother:andhowthisnewconnectivityisbeingexploitedtodelivermedicinetothepatient—nomatterwhereheorshemaybe.

Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonstandardizedsymptomsarethemostobviousexample.Increasingly,however,remotediagnosis(telemedicine)willbebasedonrealphysiologicaldatafromtheactualpatient.AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone.Withthiskindofequipmentinafirst-aidkit,thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.

Othermedicaltechnologygroupsareworkingonapplyingtelemedicinetoruralcare.Andatleastoneteamwantstousetelemedicineasatoolfordisasterresponse—especiallyafterearthquakes.Overall,thetrendistowardsprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldataandexpertise.

Butthereisoneproblem.BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.Communicationssatellitesmaybeabletocopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchasearthquakes,warsorfamines.Butmedicineislookingtowardsboththesecond-generationInternetandthird-generationmobilephonesforthefutureofdistributedmedicalintelligence.

Doctorshavemettodiscusscomputer-basedtoolsformedicaldiagnosis,trainingandtelemedicine.Withthefallingpriceofbroadbandcommunications,thenewtechnologiesshouldusherinanerawhentelemedicineandthesharingofmedicalinformation,expertopinionanddiagnosisarecommon.

46.Thebasisofremotediagnosiswillbe______.

47.TheSentence“thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast”means______.

48.Allthefollowingstatementsaretrueexceptthat______.

49.Theword“problem”inthefourthparagraphreferstothefactthat______.

50.Apropertitleforthepassagemaybe______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standardizedsymptomsofapatient

B.personaldataassistance

C.transmittedcomplexmedicalimages

D.realphysiologicaldatafromapatient

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.nowpeopleprobablywouldnotaskifthereisadoctorinthehouse

B.patientsusedtocryandaskiftherewasadoctorinthehouse

C.inthepastpeopleoftencriedandaskediftherewasadoctorinthehouse

D.patientsarenowstillaskingifthereisadoctorinthehouse

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisnowfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsovertelephone

B.floodisnotamongthedisastersmentionedinthepassage

C.thetrendinapplyingtelemedicineistowardprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldata

D.telemedicineisbeingusedbymanymedicalteamsasatoolfordisasterresponse

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.therearenotenoughmobilephonesfordistributingmedicalintelligence

B.CTscansareoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers

C.bandwidthisnotadequatetotransmitcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworld

D.communicationssatellitescanonlycopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasters

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ImprovementinCommunications

B.TheInlineDoctorIsIn

C.ApplicationofTelemedicine

D.HowtoMakeRemoteDiagnosis

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】46.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“遠(yuǎn)程診斷的基礎(chǔ)將是……”。第二段的第二句話提到Increasingly,however,remotediagnosis(telemedicine)willbebasedonrealphysiologicaldatafromtheactualpatient.（然而，越來越多的遠(yuǎn)程診斷（遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療）將基于實(shí)際患者的真實(shí)生理數(shù)據(jù)），由此可知，遠(yuǎn)程診斷的基礎(chǔ)是患者的真實(shí)生理數(shù)據(jù)，因此D項(xiàng)“病人真實(shí)的生理數(shù)據(jù)”正確；A項(xiàng)“病人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀”，第二段第一句話提到Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonstandardizedsymptomsarethemostobviousexample.（網(wǎng)上醫(yī)生根據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀提供建議就是最明顯的例子），由此可知根據(jù)病人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀診斷的是網(wǎng)上醫(yī)生，而不是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療；B項(xiàng)“個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備”，第二段第三句提到AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone（肯塔基大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組已經(jīng)證明，通過使用現(xiàn)成的PDA（個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備），如掌上電腦和移動(dòng)電話，通過電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的），由此可知，個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備是用來傳輸病人生命體征，只是一種傳輸途徑而已，這與題干的問題沒有干系；C項(xiàng)“傳輸復(fù)雜的醫(yī)學(xué)圖像”，倒數(shù)第二段第二句提到BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.（帶寬是在世界各地傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像的限制因素，CT掃描是最大的帶寬消耗之一），這里只是提到了帶寬限制了傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像，沒有提到傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療的基礎(chǔ)，所以不選。故該題選D。

47.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast這句話的意思是……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone.Withthiskindofequipmentinafirst-aidkit,thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.（肯塔基大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組已經(jīng)證明，通過使用現(xiàn)成的PDA（個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備），如掌上電腦和移動(dòng)電話，通過電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的。由于急救箱里有這樣的設(shè)備，家里是否有醫(yī)生的要求可能已經(jīng)成為過去。），由此可知，隨著遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)藥的應(yīng)用，醫(yī)生和病人不需要在同一個(gè)地方才能進(jìn)行醫(yī)學(xué)救治，因此要求醫(yī)生在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)已經(jīng)成為了過去式；我們這里的cry表示“需求，要求”。A項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在人們可能不會(huì)問家里有沒有醫(yī)生”符合題意；B項(xiàng)“病人常?？拗鴨柤依镉袥]有醫(yī)生”和C項(xiàng)“在過去，人們經(jīng)?？拗鴨柤依镉袥]有醫(yī)生”中，cry理解錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“病人現(xiàn)在還在問房子里是否有醫(yī)生”，原文已經(jīng)提到要求醫(yī)生在場(chǎng)是過去式了，所以該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故該題選A。

48.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“下面所有的陳述都是正確的，除了……”。A項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在通過電話傳送病人的生命體征是可行的”，文中第二段第三句提到itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone（通過電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的），因此A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)“洪水不在文中提到的災(zāi)難之列”，第四段第三句提到Communicationssatellitesmaybeabletocopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchasearthquakes,warsorfamines.（通信衛(wèi)星可能能夠應(yīng)付諸如地震、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或饑荒等災(zāi)害期間的短期需求），由此可知，文中只是提及了震后，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和災(zāi)荒的應(yīng)急，確實(shí)沒有發(fā)洪水，因此B項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)“應(yīng)用遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療的趨勢(shì)是提供醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)的全球訪問”，第三段最后一句提到Overall,thetrendistowardsprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldataandexpertise.（總的來說，趨勢(shì)是向全球提供醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)和專業(yè)知識(shí)），由此可知C項(xiàng)也正確。D項(xiàng)“許多醫(yī)療小組正在使用遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療作為災(zāi)害應(yīng)對(duì)的一種工具”，根據(jù)第三段第二句Andatleastoneteamwantstousetelemedicineasatoolfordisasterresponse—especiallyafterearthquakes.（至少有一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)希望將遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療作為一種災(zāi)難應(yīng)對(duì)工具——尤其是在地震之后）可知，文中只是說有醫(yī)學(xué)小組在嘗試這一舉動(dòng)，而非成熟到可以被應(yīng)用，所以該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故該題選D。

49.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“第四段中的‘problem’指的是一個(gè)……事實(shí)”。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段前兩句Butthereisoneproblem.BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.（但有一個(gè)問題。帶寬是在世界各地傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像的限制因素，CT掃描是最大的帶寬消耗之一），由此可知這個(gè)問題指的是帶寬限制了傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像；所以C項(xiàng)“帶寬不足以在全世界傳輸復(fù)雜的醫(yī)學(xué)圖像”符合題意；A項(xiàng)“沒有足夠的移動(dòng)電話來分發(fā)醫(yī)療情報(bào)”沒有提到；B項(xiàng)“CT掃描是最大的帶寬消耗之一”，這只是帶寬的限制性因素之一，不夠全面，所以B項(xiàng)不選；D項(xiàng)“通信衛(wèi)星只能應(yīng)付災(zāi)害期間的短期需求”，這只是講述現(xiàn)在的實(shí)際情況，而不是問題，所以該項(xiàng)不選。故該題選C。

50.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題會(huì)是……”。全文講述的主要是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療將取代過去醫(yī)生和病人必須同時(shí)在場(chǎng)的方式成為新的保健醫(yī)療的方式，并介紹了遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療的具體應(yīng)用和前景；因此C項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療的應(yīng)用”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“改善通信”，這只是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療應(yīng)用的一部分；所以不選；B項(xiàng)“在線醫(yī)生”，文章不是討論在線醫(yī)生，所以不選；D項(xiàng)“如何遠(yuǎn)程診斷”，這也只是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療應(yīng)用的一部分，比較片面，故不選。因此，該題選C。

3.單選題

ThelegendofPaulRevere'smidnightridethroughtheMassachusettscountrysidein1775isknowntomostAmericans,youngandold.Asthestorygoes,PaulReverewasasilversmithinBostonatthetimeoftheAmericanRevolution.WhenhelearnedthattheBritisharmyplannedtoattackthetownsandvillagesofMiddlesexCounty,farmhouseandvillagehall,towarnthelocalrevolutionarysoldiersoftheplannedattack.Becauseofhiswarning(accordingtolegend)thestrugglingAmericancolonieswereabletodefeattheBritishinanimportantbattle.

OnereasonforthepopularityofthelegendmaybethepublicityithasreceivedthroughHenryWadsworthLongfellow'scommemorativepoem,PaulRevere’sRide.Longfellowwrotethepoemin1861andithassincethenbecomeoneofthemostwell-knownandwell-lovedpoemsinthecountry.Thepoemcertainlycapturesthesenseofdangerandexcitement,metwithcourageandingenuitywhichmanyAmericansassociatewiththeAmericanRevolution.Itiseasytounderstandwhythepoemevokessuchalargeaudience.

However,Longfellow'spoemcontainsanumberofhistoricalerrors.AccordingtoLongfellow'spoem,PaulRevereinstructedafriendtowatchthemovementoftheBritishtroopsanddeterminewhethertheymarchedinlandortowardstheirboats.ThefriendwasthentohanglanternsinthetoweroftheOldChurchinBoston:onelanterniftheBritishmarchedbylandandtwolanternsiftheymarchedbysea.Theexpression"oneifbylandandtwoifbysea,"takenfromLongfellow'spoem,hasbecomeverypopularandisoftenquoted.Butthisideacontainstwoinaccuracies.First,thelanternswerehunginthetoweroftheOldChristChurch,nottheOldNorthChurch,whichisinacompletelydifferentpartofBostonandwouldnothavebeenvisiblefromPaulRevere'slookoutpoint.Second,Longfellowconfusedthemeaningofthenumberoflanternstobehung:theactualarrangementwas"twoifbylandandoneifbysea.”

NotallofLongfellow'shistoricalmistakesaresominor.ItseemsasthoughLongfellowchosetoemphasizetheideaofoneloneherostrugglingagainstmanyopposingforces,withonlyhisownabilitiestorelyon.Butactually,PaulReverewasonlyoneofthreeridersdelegatedtowarntheRevolutionarysoldiersaboutthecomingattack.

SomepeoplefeelthatLongfellow'serrorsareinsignificant,andthattheidealsofcourageandcunningaretheimportantfeaturesofboththepoemandthehistoricaleventswhichinspiredit.Butothersfeelthat,whileitprobablymakeslittledifferencehowmanylanternswerehungfromwhichchurchtower,thepoem'semphasisonthesolitaryherorunscountertothemostvaluableideainthepoem:theideaofunityandcooperationinthefaceofdanger.Criticsofthepoemraiseanimportantquestion:Longfellow'spoemtellsafamousstory,andtellsitpowerfully—butisittherightstory?

1.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutPaulRevereisTRUE?

2.PaulRevereRODETHROUGHMiddlesexCountybecausehewantedtowarnthelocaltownspeoplethat（）

3.Accordingtothearticle,whatisoneofthefactorsthatcontributetothepopularityofthestoryofPaulRevere?

4.Accordingtothearticle,whattheopponentsofLongfellow'spoemreallymean（）

5.ThelanternhungfromthetowerofOldNorthChurch（）

6.TheauthorthinksthatLongfellow'spoem（）

7.Theauthor'sattitudetowardLongfellow'spoemis（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.PaulReverewasasilversmithinBoston.

B.PaulRevererodeonhorsebackallaloneinMassachusetts.

C.PaulReverewasinstructedtowatchcloselythemovementsoftheBritishtroops.

D.PaulReverewasinstructedtowatchcloselythemovementsoftheBritishpeople.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theBritishweregoingtostealtheirsilver

B.theBritisharmywasgoingtoattackthem

C.theBritishweregoingtoplunderthetown

D.theyshouldescapefromtheBritishsoldiersbyseainsteadofrunningawayoverland

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Longfellow'spoem"PaulRevere'sRide".

B.PaulRevere'scourageandbravery.

C.TheimportanteventoftheAmericanRevolution.

D.Animportantquestionraisedbycriticsofthepoem.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.areallminor

B.makehispoemunpopular

C.mayconfusepeopleabouttheimportantideasbehindthehistoricaleventsonwhichthepoemisbased

D.showthatLongfellowdidnotcarehowmanyorfromwhichchurchtowerlanternswerehung

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.wasvisiblefromPaulRevere'slookoutpoint

B.indicatedthattheBritishweregoingtoattackbyland

C.isoneofmanyinaccuraciesinLongfellow'spoem

D.indicatedthattheBritishweregoingtoattackbysea

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.hashelpedtopublicizethestoryofPaulRevere

B.containsbothmajorandminorhistoricalinaccuracies

C.mayemphasizethewrongfeaturesofthestory

D.alloftheabove

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.largelysatirical

B.partiallycritical

C.fairlyappreciative

D.veryironical

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“PaulReverewasasilversmithinBoston.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“helearnedthattheBritisharmyplannedtoattackthetownsandvillagesofMiddlesexCounty,farmhouseandvillagehall.”他（PaulRevere）得知英軍計(jì)劃進(jìn)攻米德爾塞克斯郡的城鎮(zhèn)和村莊、農(nóng)舍和村堂。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“OnereasonforthepopularityofthelegendmaybethepublicityithasreceivedthroughHenryWadsworthLongfellow'scommemorativepoem,PaulRevere,sRide.”傳說如此流行的一個(gè)原因可能是它通過亨利?沃茲沃斯?朗費(fèi)羅的紀(jì)念詩《騎馬飛奔的保羅里維爾》得到了公眾的關(guān)注。選項(xiàng)A正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，有人認(rèn)為，這首詩對(duì)孤獨(dú)英雄的強(qiáng)調(diào)與詩中最有價(jià)值的理念背道而馳：面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)團(tuán)結(jié)合作的理念。這首詩的評(píng)論家提出了一個(gè)重要的問題：朗費(fèi)羅的詩講述了一個(gè)著名的故事，而且講述得很有力——但這是正確的故事嗎？也就是說這首詩所依據(jù)的歷史事件背后的重要思想可能會(huì)讓人們感到困惑。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“OldNorthChurch”定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句“thelanternswerehunginthetoweroftheOldChristChurch,nottheOldNorthChurch,...”這是對(duì)上句“Butthisideacontainstwoinaccuracies.”的舉例。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

第6題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Onereasonforthepopularity...,PaulRevere’sRide.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)第四段的第一句“NotallofLongfellow'shistoricalmistakesaresominor.”可知選項(xiàng)B正確；根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Somepeople...whichinspiredit.”有些人認(rèn)為朗費(fèi)羅的錯(cuò)誤不重要，勇敢和狡猾的理想是這首詩的重要特征，也是激發(fā)它的歷史事件的重要特征。選項(xiàng)C正確。所以本題選D。

第7題:作者態(tài)度題。本文前半部分講述了朗費(fèi)羅的詩的積極的一面，接下來花了大量的篇幅講述了詩里的錯(cuò)誤，最后一段更是提到懷疑這首詩所依據(jù)的歷史事件的真實(shí)性。文中沒有諷刺的意味，而是部分批判，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.單選題

Theplanet’swildcreaturesfaceanewthreat—fromyuppies(雅皮士),emptynestersandoneparentfamilies.

Biologistsstudyingthepressureontheplanet’sdwindlingbiodiversitytodayreportonanewreasonforalarm.Althoughtherateofgrowthinthehumanpopulationisdecreasing,thenumberofindividualhouseholdsisexploding.

EvenwherepopulationshaveactuallydwindledinsomeregionsofNewZealand,forinstance—thenumbersofindividualhouseholdshasincreased,becauseofdivorce,careerchoice,smallerfamiliesandlongerlifespan.

JianguoLiuofMichiganStateUniversityandcolleaguesfromStanfordUniversityinCaliforniareportinNature,inapaperpublishedonlineinadvance,thatagreaternumberofindividualhouseholds,eachcontainingonaveragefewerpeople,meantmorepressureonnaturalresources.

Townsandcitiesbegantosprawl(蔓延)asnewhomeswerebuilt.Eachhouseholdneededfueltoheatandlightit;eachhouseholdrequireditsownplumbing,cookingandrefrigeration.

“Inlargerhouseholds,theefficiencyofresourceconsumptionwillbealothigher,becausemorepeoplesharethings.”DrLiusaid.Heandhiscolleagueslookedatthepopulationpatternsoflifein141countries,including76“hotspot”regionsunusuallyrichinavarietyoflocalwildlife.ThesehotspotsincludedAustralia,NewZealand,theUS,Brazil,China,India,Kenya,andItaly.Theyfoundthatbetween1985and2000inthe“hotspot”partsoftheglobe,theannual3.1%growthrateinthenumberofhouseholdswasfarhigherthanthepopulationgrowthrateof1.8%.

“Hadtheaveragehouseholdsizeremainedatthe1985level,”thescientistsreport,“therewouldhavebeen155millionfewerhouseholdsinhotspotcountriesin2000”.

DrLiu’sworkgrewfromthealarmingdiscoverythatthegiantpandaslivinginChina’sWolongreservearemoreatrisknowthantheywerewhenthereservewasfirstestablished.Thelocalpopulationhadgrown,butthetotalnumberofhomeshadincreasedmoreswiftly,tomakegreaterinroadsintothebambooforests.

Onlyaround1.75millionspeciesontheplanethavebeennamedanddescribed.Biologistsestimatethattherecouldbe7million,oreven17million,asyettobeidentified.Buthumannumbershavegrownmorethansix-foldinthepast200years,andhumansandtheirlivestockarenowthegreatestsingleconsumergroupontheplanet.Theworldpopulationwillcontinuetosoar,perhapslevelingoffaround9billioninthenextcentury.Environmentalcampaignershaveclaimedthatbetweenaquarterandahalfofallthespeciesonearthcouldbecomeextinctinthenextcentury.

56.Biologistsreportthatthebiodiversityisdecreasingbecause（）.

57.Researchersstatethat（）.

58.Theexampleinparagraph8indicatedthat（）.

59.Someenvironmentalistswarnthatthesoaringpopulationwillcause（）.

60.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.moreindividualhouseholdsareincreasinggreatly

B.humanbeingsarethreateningmanywildcreatures

C.humanpopulationshavebeendecreasinginrecentyears

D.wildcreaturesdependonmoreindividualhouseholds

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.largerfamiliesaremoreefficientinconsumingnaturalresourcesthansmallerfamilies

B.bothlargerandsmallerfamiliesneedthesameamountsofnaturalresources

C.smallerfamiliesaremoreextravagantinliving

D.largerfamiliesaremorefrugalinliving

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thelocalpeopledonotmindconservingthenaturalenvironment

B.thelocalpeopleshouldfurthercontroltheriseofpopulation

C.theincreaseoflocalpopulationledtothedecreaseofbiodiversity

D.theincreaseofindividualhouseholdsledtothedecreaseofbiodiversity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thedegradationofpeople’slivingstandardinthenextcentury

B.thedeteriorationoflivingenvironmentinthenextcentury

C.thereproductionofmorewildspeciesinthenextcentury

D.theextinctionofmorewildspeciesinthenextcentury

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theincreaseofhumanpopulationleadstomoredestructionofthenaturalworld

B.thedecreaseofanimalnopopulationresultsfromthedwindlingbiodiversityinthenaturalworld

C.theplanet’sbiodiversityisalsorelatedtothenumberofhouseholds

D.theplanet’sbiodiversityreliesonthebalancedincreaseoflargerandsmallerhouseholds

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】56.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段Biologistsstudyingthepressureontheplanet’sdwindlingbiodiversitytodayreportonanewreasonforalarm.Althoughtherateofgrowthinthehumanpopulationisdecreasing,thenumberofindividualhouseholdsisexploding.（生物學(xué)家研究地球上日益減少的生物多樣性所帶來的壓力，今天報(bào)告了一個(gè)新的警報(bào)理由。盡管人口的增長(zhǎng)率在下降，但個(gè)體家庭的數(shù)量卻在激增。）也就是說生物多樣性的減少是由于個(gè)體家庭數(shù)量的激增，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“人類正在威脅許多野生動(dòng)物”；文章沒有提到；C選項(xiàng)“近年來人口一直在減少”，不是原因；D選項(xiàng)“野生動(dòng)物依賴更多的個(gè)體家庭”，無關(guān)項(xiàng)。

57.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第六段的第一句話Inlargerhouseholds,theefficiencyofresourceconsumptionwillbealothigher,becausemorepeoplesharethings.（在規(guī)模更大的家庭中，資源消耗的效率會(huì)高得多，因?yàn)楦嗟娜朔窒頄|西。）因此A選項(xiàng)“大家庭在消耗自然資源方面比小家庭更有效率”正確。B選項(xiàng)“無論是大家庭還是小家庭都需要相同數(shù)量的自然資源”；C選項(xiàng)“小家庭生活更奢侈”以及D選項(xiàng)“大家庭生活更節(jié)儉”都是原文沒有提到的。

58.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第八段的最后一句Thelocalpopulationhadgrown,butthetotalnumberofhomeshadincreasedmoreswiftly,tomakegreaterinroadsintothebambooforests.（當(dāng)?shù)厝丝谠鲩L(zhǎng)了，但房屋的總數(shù)增長(zhǎng)得更快，從而對(duì)竹林產(chǎn)生了更大的影響。）可知，小規(guī)模家庭的增多，意味著對(duì)自然生態(tài)的破壞就越多，生物的多樣性就會(huì)減少，因此D選項(xiàng)“個(gè)體家庭的增加導(dǎo)致了生物多樣性的減少”正確。A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)?shù)厝瞬唤橐獗Ｗo(hù)自然環(huán)境”，并沒有體現(xiàn)；B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)?shù)厝藨?yīng)該進(jìn)一步控制人口的增長(zhǎng)”，過度推斷；C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)?shù)厝丝诘脑黾訉?dǎo)致了生物多樣性的減少”，并不是人口的增多，而是小規(guī)模家庭的增多，錯(cuò)誤。

59.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段最后一句話Environmentalcampaignershaveclaimedthatbetweenaquarterandahalfofallthespeciesonearthcouldbecomeextinctinthenextcentury.（環(huán)保人士聲稱，地球上四分之一到一半的物種可能在下個(gè)世紀(jì)滅絕。）通過這句話可知，人口的增多，將導(dǎo)致更多的生物物種在下個(gè)世紀(jì)滅絕。因此D選項(xiàng)“下個(gè)世紀(jì)將有更多的野生物種滅絕”正確。A選項(xiàng)“下個(gè)世紀(jì)人們生活水平的下降”；B選項(xiàng)“下個(gè)世紀(jì)生活環(huán)境的惡化”以及C選項(xiàng)“下個(gè)世紀(jì)更多野生物種的繁殖”都不符合原文。

60.主旨大意題。在第二段中Biologistsstudyingthepressureontheplanet’sdwindlingbiodiversitytodayreportonanewreasonforalarm.Althoughtherateofgrowthinthehumanpopulationisdecreasing,thenumberofindividualhouseholdsisexploding.（生物學(xué)家研究地球上日益減少的生物多樣性所帶來的壓力，今天報(bào)告了一個(gè)新的警報(bào)理由。盡管人口的增長(zhǎng)率在下降，但個(gè)體家庭的數(shù)量卻在激增。）以及最后一段中Thelocalpopulationhadgrown,butthetotalnumberofhomeshadincreasedmoreswiftly,tomakegreaterinroadsintothebambooforests.（當(dāng)?shù)厝丝谠鲩L(zhǎng)了，但房屋的總數(shù)增長(zhǎng)得更快，從而對(duì)竹林產(chǎn)生了更大的影響。）都可以得知研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)小規(guī)模家庭的增多，勢(shì)必會(huì)消耗更多的能源，破壞更多的生態(tài)平衡，也就導(dǎo)致了生物多樣性的減少，因此C選項(xiàng)“地球的生物多樣性也與家庭的數(shù)量有關(guān)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“人口的增長(zhǎng)導(dǎo)致了對(duì)自然世界更多的破壞”；B選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)物數(shù)量的減少是由于自然界生物多樣性的減少”以及“地球的生物多樣性依賴于大大小小的家庭的平衡增長(zhǎng)”，都不能闡釋文章的主題。

5.單選題

Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasfactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether,themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.

Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth.Theywouldproducecolds,catarrhs（粘膜炎）andconsumptions（肺癌）.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementforthetrainmightproduceapoplexy（中風(fēng)）.Thesuddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculationpromotedigestion,tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.

Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetosixforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejustopentruckssothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthenewmodeexceptspeed.

Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribethemashorizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.

1.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat（

）.

2.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshouldincludeallthefollowingexcept（

）.

3.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretruebut（

）.

4.Wemaysafelyconcludethat（

）

5.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogether.

B.peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobe

C.alotofpeop