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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽醫(yī)學(xué)高等??茖W(xué)校考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Everymonth¥3is(

)fromoursalaryforhouserepairingpayment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.excluded

B.expelled

C.compelled

D.docked

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。exclude“排除,排斥”;expel“開(kāi)除,逐出”;compel“迫使,強(qiáng)迫”;dock“扣除”。句意:每個(gè)月會(huì)從我們的工資中扣除3元作為房屋維修基金。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.單選題

Generally,itisonlywhenanimalsaretrappedthatthey___toviolenceinordertoescape.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proceed

B.appeal

C.resort

D.incline

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.proceed開(kāi)始;繼續(xù)進(jìn)行B.appeal呼吁;懇求

C.resort訴諸;采取D.incline傾向于

【考察點(diǎn)】詞組辨析

【解題思路】句意為只有動(dòng)物在被困住的時(shí)候,它們才會(huì)采取暴力措施來(lái)逃走。C選項(xiàng)resort接to表采取的意思,符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)proceedto繼續(xù)下去;

B選項(xiàng)appealto呼吁;上訴;要求;對(duì)……有吸引力;

D選項(xiàng)inclineto傾向于。Inclineto更多指具有什么傾向。但是該題目應(yīng)該選采取暴力措施。因?yàn)轭}意為動(dòng)物們已經(jīng)被困住了;

以上選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】一般來(lái)說(shuō),只有當(dāng)動(dòng)物被困住時(shí),它們才會(huì)采取暴力措施以逃脫。

3.單選題

Whenwesoldourranchandmovedtotown,motherhaddecided______openadaynursery.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.for

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:當(dāng)我們賣掉農(nóng)場(chǎng)搬到鎮(zhèn)上時(shí),母親決定開(kāi)一個(gè)日間托兒所。decidetodosth.是固定搭配,意為“決定做某事”。其他三項(xiàng)不能和decide搭配。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Hesaidthatendingtheagreementwould(

)thefutureofsmallorfamily-runshops,leadtofewerbooksbeingpublishedandincreasepricesofallbutafewbestsellers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.venture

B.expose

C.jeopardize

D.legalize

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。venture“冒險(xiǎn)”;expose“揭露,揭發(fā)”;jeopardize“損害”;legalize“使合法化”。句意:他說(shuō),終止協(xié)議不利于小型或家庭式經(jīng)營(yíng)書(shū)店未來(lái)的發(fā)展,那樣會(huì)減少圖書(shū)出版量,而且會(huì)提高除部分暢銷書(shū)以外全部圖書(shū)的價(jià)格。由leadto…可知是導(dǎo)致不好的結(jié)果,故空格處要填貶義詞,答案C

5.單選題

Whathesaidinthemeeting()everybodypresent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disgusted

B.dismissed

C.disposed

D.eliminated

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disgust“厭惡的,厭煩的”。B選項(xiàng)dismiss“解雇的,解散的”。C選項(xiàng)dispose“有……傾向的,打算做……的”。D選項(xiàng)eliminate“被淘汰,消除”。句意:他在會(huì)上所說(shuō)的話使在場(chǎng)的每個(gè)人都感到厭惡。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Thefirstsnowcame.Howbeautifulitwas,fallingsosilentlyalldaylong,allnightlong,onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead!Allwhitesavetheriver,thatmarkeditscoursebyawindingblacklineacrossthelandscape;andtheleaflesstress,thatagainsttheleadenskynowrevealedmorefullythewonderfulbeautyandintricaciesoftheirbranches.Whatsilence,too,camewiththesnow!

Nowwearealllivinginmodemtime.Asthesocietyhasdeveloped,euthanasia(安樂(lè)死)ormercykillinghasreturnedtotheworld’shomepage.Manyreportsaboutrelevantcasesandresultsofscholarlyresearchoftenappearonthefrontpageofthenewspapers.Euthanasiaissometimescalledmercykilling,doctors-assistedsuicideorpainlessdeath.Itisusuallyunderstoodasamercifulacttorelieveaterminally-illpatient’sunbearablephysicalpain.Whilethemajorityofsocietyseemstofavorthissupposedlyhumanitarianpractice,itstillcouldtakedecadesforthecountry’slegislativeandjudicialdepartmentstodealwiththehighlycontroversialissue:NospecificlawofrulegovernseuthanasiaassuchinChina,buttheactfitsthevagueconceptof“intentionalkilling”intheCriminalCode.Yetthevoicescallingforlegislationoneuthanasiahavebecomelouderinrecentyears.

【答案】第一場(chǎng)雪來(lái)了。多么美?。∷照轨o靜地飄著,落在山嶺上,落在草地里,落在世人的屋頂上,落在死者的墳?zāi)股?!一片白茫茫中,只有河流在美麗的?huà)面上劃出了一道彎彎曲曲的黑線;樹(shù)葉掉光了的老鼠,映襯著灰色的天空,枝丫交錯(cuò),更顯風(fēng)姿。下雪的時(shí)候,一切多么安靜?。?/p>

如今我們都生活在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,安樂(lè)死或者憐憫致死術(shù)已經(jīng)成為世界的關(guān)注點(diǎn)。許多相關(guān)案例和學(xué)術(shù)研究結(jié)果的報(bào)道經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的頭版。安樂(lè)死有時(shí)被稱為憐憫致死術(shù)、醫(yī)生協(xié)助自殺或叫做無(wú)痛死亡。它通常被理解為一種仁慈的行為,用來(lái)減輕絕癥病人無(wú)法忍受的疼痛。雖然大部分人似乎支持這種所謂的人道主義行為,但是對(duì)于一個(gè)國(guó)家的立法和司法部門來(lái)說(shuō),這是頗具爭(zhēng)議的,起碼需要數(shù)十年來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。比如中國(guó)就沒(méi)有專門的法律來(lái)管理安樂(lè)死,但是安樂(lè)死符合其刑法里的“故意殺人”這一模糊的概念。然而,今年來(lái)要求立法安樂(lè)死的呼聲越來(lái)越高。

7.單選題

Becauseheis(

),wecannotpredictwhatcoursehewillfollowatanymoment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incoherent

B.capricious

C.sedate

D.deleterious

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)incoherent“語(yǔ)無(wú)倫次的;不連貫的;不合邏輯的”;B選項(xiàng)capricious“反復(fù)無(wú)常的;任性的”;C選項(xiàng)sedate“安靜的;沉著的”;D選項(xiàng)deleterious“有毒的;有害的”。句意:因?yàn)樗ぁぁぁぁぁ?,所以我們無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)他將在任何時(shí)候采取什么行動(dòng)。“無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)”與B選項(xiàng)“反復(fù)無(wú)?!毕喾稀R虼薆選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

By1970,accordingtoaWorldWildlifeFundreport,onlyabout4,500tigerssurvivedthroughouttheworld-halfoftheminIndia.Mr.Foresters,whofollowedandcountedtigerfootprints,estimatedthatinMay1972onlyabout1,800tigersexistedinIndia.ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.

TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfourtigresses.Atigermarkstheboundariesofitsterritoriesbysprayingurineandotherbodilyliquidsonbushes.Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.Tigersfighttodeathonlywhenatigressisdefendingheryoung,orwhenatigerisguardingatigressfromtheattentionsofothermales.

Thepopularimageofthetigeristhatofamercilessandunconquerablehunter.Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.

FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.Ithasenabledthetigerpopulationtodouble(bymid-80’s),butIndia’shumanpopulationhasalsogrownoutofcontrol.Currentlyitis750millionandlikelytobe900millionbytheendofthecentury.Landproblemisbecomingseriousandmanyruralpeoplefeelbitteraboutthefactthatsomerichforestsarereservedfortigers.Agrowingnumberofattacksbytigersonmanhasaddedtothehostility.

21.TheultimateaimofProjectTigeristo______.

22.Studieshaveshownthat______.

23.Accordingtothepassage,atiger’sterritory______.

24.SomepeopleareafraidthatProjectTiger______.

25.Theauthorseems______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.studythegrowthrateoftigers

B.protecttigersfrombeingkilled

C.promotethebreedingofyoungtigers

D.analyzethebehavioralpatternsoftigers

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.atigressneverattacksuntilattacked

B.thetigressisnotasfierceasthetigers

C.atigerusuallyfightsanothertigertodefenditsownterritory

D.thetigerisnotanefficienthunterasiscommonlydescribed

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.remainsunchanged

B.isoftendefendedbytigresses

C.expandsasthetigergrowsup

D.isthecauseofmostfights

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeencarriedtoofar

B.hasnotreceivedenoughattention

C.hasfailedtoachieveitsgoal

D.isnotworththemoneyspentonit

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.tobeenthusiasticaboutProjectTiger

B.tohaveamatter-of-factattitudetowardsProjectTiger

C.tohaveahostileattitudetowardsProjectTiger

D.tobesatisfiedwithProjectTiger

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】21.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“老虎計(jì)劃的最終目標(biāo)是……”。定位文章第一段,該段講述了老虎數(shù)量銳減,最后提到ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.(世界自然基金會(huì)資助的老虎項(xiàng)目立即啟動(dòng)。建立了9個(gè)老虎保護(hù)區(qū),有武裝警衛(wèi)保護(hù)它們。),可推知老虎被捕殺是其數(shù)量劇減的根本原因,因此使老虎免于被殺是野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)基金會(huì)的最終目的。B項(xiàng)“保護(hù)老虎不被殺害”正確。A項(xiàng)“研究老虎的生長(zhǎng)速度”和C項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)幼虎的繁殖”沒(méi)提到,屬于無(wú)中生有。D項(xiàng)“分析老虎的行為模式”在第二段有提及,定位第一句TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.(該項(xiàng)目為來(lái)自印度和國(guó)外的研究人員提供了研究保護(hù)區(qū)老虎的機(jī)會(huì),并收集了以前無(wú)法獲得的關(guān)于老虎習(xí)性的信息)可知,該項(xiàng)并不是這個(gè)老虎項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo),而是其有利之處,屬于張冠李戴。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

22.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“研究表明……”。定位第三段第二句Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.(但研究表明老虎捕捉獵物的成功率僅為1/20)可知,老虎捕捉獵物的成功率很低,所以D項(xiàng)“老虎并不是通常所說(shuō)的高效的獵手”正確。A項(xiàng)“母老虎在受到攻擊之前從不攻擊”和B項(xiàng)“母老虎不像其他老虎那樣兇猛”沒(méi)有提到,屬于無(wú)中生有。定位第二段倒數(shù)第二句Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.(但它會(huì)根據(jù)其他老虎獨(dú)特的身體氣味,盡量避免爭(zhēng)奪地盤)可知,C項(xiàng)“一只老虎通常與另一只老虎搏斗以保衛(wèi)自己的領(lǐng)土”與原文相反,屬于反向干擾。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

23.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章,老虎的領(lǐng)地……”。定位第二段第二句Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.(研究表明,根據(jù)年齡、體型和力量,雄性老虎可以控制10到20平方公里的狩獵區(qū)域),以及第三句Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfourtigresses.(雄虎的領(lǐng)地包括三到四只雌虎的小領(lǐng)地)可知,一頭雄老虎依年齡、體型及力量可以控制10至20公里的狩獵領(lǐng)地,隨著老虎的長(zhǎng)大,其體型及力量都在增大,其占領(lǐng)的狩獵領(lǐng)地的面積自然也就增大,C項(xiàng)“隨著老虎的成長(zhǎng)而擴(kuò)大”正確。A項(xiàng)“保持不變”與原文相反,屬于反向干擾。B項(xiàng)“通常由母老虎保護(hù)”沒(méi)有提到,屬于無(wú)中生有。定位第二段倒數(shù)第二句Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.(但它會(huì)根據(jù)其他老虎獨(dú)特的身體氣味,盡量避免爭(zhēng)奪地盤)可知,D項(xiàng)“是大多數(shù)打架的原因”也是反向干擾。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

24.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“有些人害怕老虎計(jì)劃……”。定位最后一段第一句FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.(最近人們開(kāi)始擔(dān)心“老虎計(jì)劃”太成功了),toosuccessful與A項(xiàng)中的carriedtoofar是同樣的意思,所以A項(xiàng)“做得太過(guò)火”正確。B項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有得到足夠的重視”和C項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)它的目標(biāo)”與原文相反,屬于反向干擾。D項(xiàng)“不值得花這么多錢”沒(méi)提到,屬于無(wú)中生有。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

25.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者看起來(lái)……”。縱觀全文,作者對(duì)于老虎保護(hù)項(xiàng)目沒(méi)有加入個(gè)人的主觀色彩,也沒(méi)有描述主觀情感的詞語(yǔ),所以他持的是一種客觀的態(tài)度。B項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃采取實(shí)事求是的態(tài)度”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃充滿熱情”、C項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃持?jǐn)硨?duì)態(tài)度”和D項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃感到滿意”都是曲解原文。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

Therehasarisenduringthistwentiethcentury(asitarosebefore,inageswhichweliketocalldark)apronouncedanti-intellectualism,afeelingthatbothstudiesandliteraturearenotmerelyvain,butalsosomehowuntrustworthy.Withpeopleswayedbythisfeelingthereislittleuseinarguing,eitherforhistoryorliterature,orforpoetryormusic,orfortheartsingeneral.

Withothers,thereisstillfaiththatanycivilizationworthyofthenamemustbegroundedinaceaselesspursuitoftruth.Whethertruthissoughtthroughstudyorthroughtheartsmakesnodifference.Anypursuitoftruthisnotonlyworthwhile;itisthefoundationstoneofcivilization.

Thestudyandreadingofhistoryisoneofthoseapproachestotruth.Itisonlyone;alltheartsandsciencesaresuchapproaches.Allhavetheirplaces;allaregood;andeachtouchestheother.Theyarenotairtightcompartments.Itisonlyinafewinstitutions,afflictedbymentalarteriosclerosis,thateventsliketheIndustrialRevolutionareattributedentirelytothehistorians,thesocialscientists,orthephysicalscientists.IsPepys’Diary(aliterarywork)historyorsociologyorliterature?Onlywithinthepasthundredyearshavehistoriansfoundthatwhatpeoplehavedoneinliteratureandartisapartoftheirhistory.BookslikeUncleTom’sCabin,TenNightsinaBarRoomandTheCrisis(allliteraryworks)havethemselveshelpedtomakehistory.

Evenatthemoment,whenscientificinvestigationbecomesmoreandmorespecializedandthehistorianconcentratesmoreandmorefiercelyonperiodsandepisodes,itisbecomingclearertothelaymanthatallthisispartofonewhole.Evenatatimewhentextbooksarebeingwrittentointroducetothetheoreticalphysicisthisbrethrenwhoareworkingaschemistsorengineersonperhapsthesameproblem,thelaymanisfarenoughremovedfromallthisspecializationtoseethewhole,possiblyevenmoreclearlythandothespecialists.Betweenhistory,biography,theartsandsciences,andevenjournalism,whocoulddrawairtightdistinctions?Notlaymen.Isnotyesterday’snewspaperhistory,andmayitnotbecomeliterature?

1.TheauthorsuggestthatthetwentiethcenturyresemblestheDarkAgesbecauseof____.

2.Pepys’Diaryshouldbeconsideredas____.

3.Whoismostlikelytorecognizetheunderlyingunityofdiversefacts?

4.Whatismostnecessaryinaperiodofgreatspecialization?

5.Themainintentofthisarticleseemstobethe____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anignoranceofscience

B.anappreciationofintellectualendeavors

C.disregardofintellectualendeavors

D.adevotionsolelytothepursuitofhappiness

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.beingstrictlysociological

B.havingdistinctiveliteraryvalues

C.havingonlyonehistoricalimplication

D.havingmultipleimplications

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theintellectual.

B.Thehistorian.

C.Thescientist.

D.Thelayman.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Seeinghowpartsformawhole.

B.Seeingthewholeasaresultofitsparts.

C.Absoluteconcentrationonminutedetails.

D.Journalisticaccounts.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.classificationofcertainliteraryworks

B.dissolutionofstrictclassification

C.formationofanewnomenclature

D.appraisalandclassificationofhistory

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheauthorsuggestthatthetwentiethcenturyresemblestheDarkAgesbecauseof____.作者認(rèn)為二十世紀(jì)類似于黑暗時(shí)代是因?yàn)開(kāi)___。

A.anignoranceofscienceA.對(duì)科學(xué)的無(wú)知

B.anappreciationofintellectualendeavorsB.對(duì)智力活動(dòng)的欣賞

C.disregardofintellectualendeavorsC.對(duì)智力活動(dòng)的漠視

D.adevotionsolelytothepursuitofhappinessD.一心一意追求幸福

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thetwentiethcenturyresemblestheDarkAges定位到原文第一段第一句,該句提到“在二十世紀(jì)出現(xiàn)了一種明顯的反智主義(就像它之前出現(xiàn)的那樣,在我們喜歡稱之為黑暗的時(shí)代),認(rèn)為各類研究和文學(xué)(studiesandliterature)不僅是徒勞的,而且在某種程度上不值得信任?!庇纱丝芍?,作者認(rèn)為二十世紀(jì)類似于黑暗時(shí)代,是因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)時(shí)代都出現(xiàn)了一種反智主義,認(rèn)為各類研究和文學(xué)都是無(wú)用的、不值得信任的。各類研究和文學(xué)都屬于智力活動(dòng),因此,C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)智力活動(dòng)的漠視”最符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)科學(xué)的無(wú)知”,不僅僅是科學(xué),還有文學(xué)藝術(shù),該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全;

B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)智力活動(dòng)的欣賞”,與原文表達(dá)的意思相反,該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾;

D選項(xiàng)“一心一意追求幸福”,原文并未提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Pepys’Diaryshouldbeconsideredas____.《皮普斯日記》應(yīng)該被視為_(kāi)___。

A.beingstrictlysociologicalA.嚴(yán)格地屬于社會(huì)學(xué)

B.havingdistinctiveliteraryvaluesB.具有獨(dú)特的文學(xué)價(jià)值

C.havingonlyonehistoricalimplicationC.只有一個(gè)歷史意義

D.havingmultipleimplicationsD.有多種意義

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Pepys’Diary定位到原文第三段第六句。該句提到“《皮普斯日記》(文學(xué)作品)是歷史、社會(huì)學(xué)還是文學(xué)?”該段第三句提到“他們各有各的位置;都好;彼此接觸(eachtouchestheother)。它們不是密閉艙(notairtightcompartments)。”因此可知,作者認(rèn)為不同的領(lǐng)域不是封閉,而是彼此接觸,存在重疊的部分。后文中關(guān)于《皮普斯日記》的提問(wèn),說(shuō)明作者是想表達(dá)《皮普斯日記》并不是單純的文學(xué)作品,它也有歷史的和社會(huì)學(xué)的價(jià)值。因此,D選項(xiàng)“有多種意義”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“嚴(yán)格地屬于社會(huì)學(xué)”,只提到了一個(gè)領(lǐng)域,屬于以偏概全;

B選項(xiàng)“具有獨(dú)特的文學(xué)價(jià)值”,只提到了一個(gè)領(lǐng)域,屬于以偏概全;

C選項(xiàng)“只有一個(gè)歷史意義”,只提到了一個(gè)領(lǐng)域,屬于以偏概全。

第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whoismostlikelytorecognizetheunderlyingunityofdiversefacts?誰(shuí)最有可能認(rèn)識(shí)到不同事實(shí)的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一性?

A.Theintellectual.A.知識(shí)分子。

B.Thehistorian.B.歷史學(xué)家。

C.Thescientist.C.科學(xué)家。

D.Thelayman.D.外行人。

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞underlyingunityofdiversefacts定位到原文第四段。本段第一句提到“外行人(thelayman)越來(lái)越清楚,所有這些都是一個(gè)整體的一部分(allthisispartofonewhole)。”本段第二句提到“外行人可以遠(yuǎn)離所有這些專業(yè)化的東西,看到整體(toseethewhole),甚至可能比專家們看得更清楚。”由此可知,D選項(xiàng)“外行人”最有可能認(rèn)識(shí)到不同事實(shí)的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一性。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)“知識(shí)分子”、B選項(xiàng)“歷史學(xué)家”、C選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家”都是專業(yè)化人才,根據(jù)原文,可能沒(méi)有門外漢看得清,屬于曲解原文。

第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatismostnecessaryinaperiodofgreatspecialization?在一個(gè)高度專業(yè)化的時(shí)期,什么是最必要的?

A.Seeinghowpartsformawhole.A.認(rèn)識(shí)到部分是如何構(gòu)成整體的。

B.Seeingthewholeasaresultofitsparts.B.把整體看作局部的結(jié)果。

C.Absoluteconcentrationonminutedetails.C.十分專注于細(xì)微的細(xì)節(jié)。

D.Journalisticaccounts.D.新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)。

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞greatspecialization定位到原文第四段。本段第一句提到“即使在科學(xué)調(diào)查變得越來(lái)越專業(yè)化、歷史學(xué)家越來(lái)越專注于歷史時(shí)期和歷史事件的時(shí)候,外行人也越來(lái)越清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)到,所有這些都是一個(gè)整體的一部分(allthisispartofonewhole)?!庇纱丝芍恼聫?qiáng)調(diào)要有整體觀。本段倒數(shù)第三句提到“在歷史、傳記、藝術(shù)和科學(xué),甚至是新聞業(yè)之間,誰(shuí)能做出完美的區(qū)分(drawairtightdistinctions)呢”最后一句提到“難道昨天的報(bào)紙不是歷史,難道它不會(huì)成為文學(xué)嗎?”由此可知,文章強(qiáng)調(diào)不需要太過(guò)專業(yè)化的區(qū)分,有些東西既是這個(gè),也可能是那個(gè)。因此,B選項(xiàng)“把整體看作局部的結(jié)果”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)識(shí)到部分是如何構(gòu)成整體的”,原文雖然強(qiáng)調(diào)整體的重要性,但是并沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)部分構(gòu)成整體的方式,該選項(xiàng)屬于推理過(guò)度;

C選項(xiàng)“十分專注于細(xì)微的細(xì)節(jié)”,與原文表達(dá)的意義相反,屬于反向干擾;

D選項(xiàng)“新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)”,原文并未提及,屬于無(wú)中生有。

第5題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Themainintentofthisarticleseemstobethe____.這篇文章的主要目的或許是____。

A.classificationofcertainliteraryworksA.某些文學(xué)作品的分類

B.dissolutionofstrictclassificationB.解除嚴(yán)格分類

C.formationofanewnomenclatureC.新命名法的形成

D.appraisalandclassificationofhistoryD.歷史的評(píng)價(jià)和分類

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】本題詢問(wèn)的是作者寫本文的主要目的。原文第一段主要內(nèi)容,二十世紀(jì)出現(xiàn)了不相信研究和文學(xué)的反智主義;第二段主要內(nèi)容,對(duì)真理的追求是文明的基石;第三段主要內(nèi)容,無(wú)論是藝術(shù)還是科學(xué),研究和閱讀歷史,都是通往真理的途徑,因?yàn)槲膶W(xué)和藝術(shù)有助于創(chuàng)造歷史;第四段主要內(nèi)容,要有整體觀,歷史、傳記、藝術(shù)和科學(xué),甚至是新聞業(yè)之間,無(wú)法做出完美的區(qū)分。綜上所述,B選項(xiàng)“解除嚴(yán)格分類”更符合原文的寫作目的。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“某些文學(xué)作品的分類”,“文學(xué)作品”只是文章提到的部分內(nèi)容,該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全;

C選項(xiàng)“新命名法的形成”,原文沒(méi)有提到“新的命名法”,該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“歷史的評(píng)價(jià)和分類”,“歷史”只是文章的部分內(nèi)容,該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全。

10.單選題

Manyadultsmaythinktheyaregettingenoughshut-eye,butinamajorsleepstudyalmost80percentofrespondentsadmittedtonotgettingtheirprescribedamountofnightlyrest.So,whatexactlyistherightamountofsleep?Researchshowsthatadultsneedanaverageofseventoninehoursofsleepanightforoptimalfunctionality.Readontoseejusthowmuchofanimpactmoderatesleepdeprivationcanhaveonyourmindandbody.

Bygettinglessthansixhoursofsleepanight,youcouldbeputtingyourselfatriskofhighbloodpressure.Whenyousleep,yourheartgetsabreakandisabletoslowdownforasignificantperiodoftime.Butcuttingbackonsleepmeansyourhearthastoworkovertimewithoutitsallottedbreak.Inconstantlydoingso,yourbodymustaccommodatetoitsnewconditionsandelevateyouroveralldailybloodpressure.Andtheheartisn’ttheonlyorganthatisovertaxedbyalackofsleeps.Thelesssleepyouget,thelesstimethebrainhastoregulatestresshormones,andovertime,sleepdeprivationcouldpermanentlyhinderthebrain’sabilitytoregulatethesehormones,leadingtoelevatedbloodpressure.

Weallhangaroundinbedduringourboutsofillness.Butdidyouknowthatskippingoutonthebedrestcanincreaseyourriskofgettingsick?Prolongedsleepdeprivationhaslongbeenassociatedwithdiminishedimmunefunctions,butresearchershavealsofoundadirectcorrelationbetween“modest”sleepdeprivation—lessthansixhours—andreducedimmuneresponse.Sotrytotoughenupyourimmunesystembygettingatleastsevenhoursofsleepanight,andmaintainingahealthydiet.You’llbegladyougotthatextrahourofsleepthenexttimethatbugcomesaroundandleaveseveryoneelsebedriddenwithafeverforthreedays.

DuringdeepREMsleep,yourmuscles(exceptthoseintheeyes)areessentiallyimmobilizedinordertokeepyoufromactingoutonyourdreams.Unfortunately,thiseffortyourbodymakestokeepyousafewhiledreamingcansometimesbackfire,resultinginsleepparalysis.SleepparalysisoccurswhenthebrainisarousedfromitsREMcycle,butthebodyremainsinitsimmobilizingstate.Thiscanbequiteafrighteningsensationbecause,whileyourmindisslowlyregainingconsciousness,ithasnocontroloveryourbody,leavingsomewithafeelingofpowerlessness,fearandpanic.Mostpeopleexperiencethiseeriephenomenaatleastonceintheirlives,butthosewhoaresleepdeprivedaremorelikelytohavepanickedepisodesofsleepparalysisthatareusuallyaccompaniedbyhallucinations,aswell.Forasecond,imagineallofyourmemoriesareerased;everybirthday,summervacation,evenwhatyoudidyesterdayafternooniscompletelylost,becauseyouhavenorecollectionofthem.It’sachillingthought,butthatiswhatalifewithoutsleepwouldbelike.Sleepisessentialtothecognitivefunctionsofthebrain,andwithoutit,ourabilitytoconsolidatememories,learndailytasks,andmakedecisionsisimpairedbyalargedegree.ResearchhasrevealedthatREMsleep,ordream-sleep,helpssolidifythe“fragile”memoriesthebraincreatesthroughoutthedaytothattheycanbeeasilyorganizedandstoredinthemind’slong-termcache.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemeaningof“sleepdeprivation”?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?

3.Whyistheretheso-called“sleepparalysis”?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothelastparagraph?

5.Whateffectsofsleepdeprivationonhumanmindandbodyarediscussedinthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tosleepforanaverageperiodoftime.

B.Tosleepdeeplywithoutdreaming.

C.Tosleeplessthanneeded.

D.Tosleepmodestly.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Wheneveryoneelsegetsafever,thosewithsleepdeprivationwillbeabeletosleeplonger.

B.Wheneveryoneelsegetsafever,thosewhousuallyhaveadequatesleepwillbealright.

C.Onlymodestsleepdeprivationcouldweakentheimmunesystem,

D.Prolongedsleepdeprivationwillnothaveimpactontheimmunesystem.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itoccurswhenyouareunabletowakeupfromdreamswhileyouaresleeping.

B.Itoccurswhenyoubrainimmobilizesyourbodyinordertokeepyoufromdreaming.

C.BecauseyouareusuallytoofrightenedtomoveyourbodywhenwakingupfromdeepREMsleep.

D.Becauseyourbody,immobilizedwhendreaming,maystillbeunabletomoveevenwhenyourbrainiswakingup.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Memoriesarepartofthecognitivefunctionofthebrain.

B.Memoriescreatedduringthedaytimeareusuallyfragileandimpaired.

C.Youarelikelytoloseyourmemoriesofyesterdayafteranight’ssleep.

D.Long-termmemorycannotbeformedwithoutdream-sleep.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Highbloodpressure,atoughenedimmunesystem,sleepparalysis,andmemoryloss.

B.Bloodpressure,immunesystem,sleepparalysis,andlong-termmemory.

C.Bloodpressure,immunesystem,thebrainandthebody,andmemory.

D.Highbloodpressure,aweakenedimmunesystem,sleepparalysis,andmemoryloss.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義題。題干:根據(jù)本文,“睡眠不足”指的是什么?文章第三段中“Prolongedsleepdeprivationhaslongbeenassociatedwithdiminishedimmunefunctions,butresearchershavealsofoundadirectcorrelationbetween“modest”sleepdeprivation—lessthansixhours—andreducedimmuneresponse”說(shuō)明“modest”sleepdeprivation指的是少于6小時(shí)的睡眠,而成人需要7-9小時(shí)的睡眠。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。題干:根據(jù)第3段,下列哪個(gè)陳述是正確的?第三段最后一句“You’llbegladyougotthatextrahourofsleepthenexttimethatbugcomesaroundandleaveseveryoneelsebedriddenwithafeverforthreedays”,別人生病后就會(huì)意識(shí)到多睡一小時(shí)的好處,對(duì)應(yīng)B選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干:為什么會(huì)有所謂的“睡眠癱瘓癥”?第四段第三句中提到了“SleepparalysisoccurswhenthebrainisarousedfromitsREMcycle,butthebodyremainsinitsimmobilizingstate”,可知“睡眠癱瘓癥”發(fā)生在大腦從快速眼動(dòng)周期喚醒時(shí),身體仍保持不動(dòng)狀態(tài),因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干:根據(jù)最后一段,下列哪個(gè)陳述是正確的?最后一段最后一句提到“REMsleep,ordream-sleep,helpssolidifythe“fragile”memoriesthebraincreatesthroughouttheday…”表明大腦一天產(chǎn)生的記憶是脆弱的,需要睡眠幫忙鞏固記憶。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干:睡眠不足對(duì)人的身心有什么影響?第二段提到“elevatedbloodpressure”;第三段提到“reducedimmunesystem”;第四段提到“sleepparalysis”;最后一段提到“memoryloss”,因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Theflickerofimpatienceinthehusband'seyesmeltsintobemused_______ashiswifeasksfor"justalittlemoretime"atthemall.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resignation

B.regradation

C.retiral

D.reverse

【答案】A

【解析】resignation放棄,順從;regradation倒退,后退;retiral退休,撤退;reverse相反,倒退。句意:當(dāng)妻子要求在商場(chǎng)“再多待一會(huì)兒”時(shí),丈夫眼中閃現(xiàn)的不耐煩化為了呆滯的放棄。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

12.單選題

Thereisageneral______thatpouringoldwineintothesamebottlesisthewrongwaytogo.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.consensus

B.census

C.censorship

D.conscience

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)consensus“一致;輿論;合意”;B選項(xiàng)census“人口普查,人口調(diào)查;(官方的)統(tǒng)計(jì),調(diào)查”;C選項(xiàng)censorship“審查制度;審查機(jī)構(gòu)”;D選項(xiàng)conscience“道德心,良心”。句意:人們普遍認(rèn)為,把陳年的酒倒進(jìn)同一個(gè)瓶子里是錯(cuò)誤的做法。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Thegreatestadvantageofthemarketeconomyisthatitcan()thedistributionofthenaturalresourcesandmanpower.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.optimize

B.maximize

C.minimize

D.allocate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:optimize“使最優(yōu)化;使盡可能有效”;B:maximize“最大化”;C:minimize“最小化”;D:allocate“分配”。句意:市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的最大優(yōu)勢(shì)是它能最優(yōu)化自然資源和人力的分配。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境,由前文談及了市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的優(yōu)勢(shì),以及賓語(yǔ)“distribution分配”可知,A為正確答案。

14.單選題

ChristianscalmJesuswasareal(

)character,butsometodayhavetheirdoubts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.historical

B.historic

C.history

D.historian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。historical意為“歷史的,歷史上的”,指的是和歷史有關(guān)的或是歷史上出現(xiàn)過(guò)的人或事;historic意為“有歷史影響的”,指重要的歷史事件;history意為“歷史,歷史學(xué)”;historian意為“歷史學(xué)家”。

句意:基督徒聲稱耶穌是歷史上一個(gè)真實(shí)的人物,但今天有些人對(duì)此表示懷疑。

15.單選題

I()thathewasalittlecrippledinthelegsoIsloweddownmypace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.perceived

B.deceived

C.conceived

D.received

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)perceive“察覺(jué);理解;認(rèn)知”;B選項(xiàng)deceive“欺騙;行騙”;C選項(xiàng)conceive“懷孕;構(gòu)思;持有”;D選項(xiàng)receive“收到;接待;接納”。句意:……他的腿有點(diǎn)瘸,所以我放慢了腳步?!拔摇狈怕_步是因?yàn)椤鞍l(fā)現(xiàn)、察覺(jué)”他腿腳不便,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Janehas()wontherespectofeveryoneinthefieldofdancebothforthesocietyandherself.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deservedly

B.exactly

C.despicably

D.diffusely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。deservedly“理所應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)亍保籩xactly“恰好地”;despicably“可鄙地,卑劣地”;diffusely“廣泛地,擴(kuò)散地”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意,簡(jiǎn)理所應(yīng)當(dāng)贏得大家的尊重。

17.單選題

Arrivinganywherewiththesepossessions,hemightjustaseasily_____foramonthorayearasforasingleday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putup

B.stayup

C.speedup

D.makeup

【答案】A

【解析】putup在某地投宿;stayup熬夜,不睡覺(jué);speedup加速;makeup組成,化妝,整理。句意:帶著這些東西到任何地方,他都可以輕松地住上一個(gè)月或一年,就好像只住一天一樣。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

18.翻譯題

中國(guó)人講究“義利相兼,以義為先”。中非關(guān)系最大的“義”,就是用中國(guó)發(fā)展助力非洲的發(fā)展、最終實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏、共同發(fā)展。中方支持非洲人以非洲方式解決非洲問(wèn)題,主張解決安全問(wèn)題要標(biāo)本兼治、綜合施策。在工業(yè)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、投資和貿(mào)易便利化等領(lǐng)域,中非合作將為雙方企業(yè)投資和貿(mào)易提供更多機(jī)會(huì),從而提高非洲產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,彌補(bǔ)非洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施缺口。在現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)、綠色發(fā)展、減貧惠民等方面的合作,將促進(jìn)中非企業(yè)分享先進(jìn)技術(shù)和建立可持續(xù)發(fā)展模式,增強(qiáng)自主發(fā)展能力,提高公共治理水平。

【答案】Chinesepeoplepayattentiontothephaseofrighteousnessandconcurrentlytorighteousnessfirst.China-AfricarelationstherighteousnessofthebiggestboostAfrica’sdevelopmentistouseChina’sdevelopment,Ultimatelyachievemutualbenefitandwin-winresults.ThecommondevelopmentofChina’ssupportoftheAfricanpeopleinAfricawaysolvetheproblemofAfrica,arguesthattosolvesecurityproblemstotreatbothcomprehensiveShiCe.Intheindustrialareassuchasinfrastructureconstructioninvestmentandtradefacilitation,china-Africacooperationwillprovidemoreopportunitiesforbothbusinessinvestmentandtrade,toimproveindustrialcompetitiveness,AfricagapsAfricaninfrastructureGreendevelopmentinmodernagriculture

Cooperationinpovertyreductionandpeople’swell-beingwillencourageChineseandAfricancompaniestoshareadvancedtechnologies,establishsustainabledevelopmentmodels,enhancetheircapacityforindependentdevelopmentandimprovepublicgovernance.

19.單選題

Motorwaysare,nodoubtthesafestroadsinBritain.Mile(1)mile,vehicleforvehicle,youaremuch

(2)

likelytobekilledorseriouslyinjuredthanonanordinaryroad.On

(3)

hand,ifyoudohaveaseriousaccidentonamotorway,fatalitiesaremuchmorelikelyto

(4)thaninacomparableaccident

(5)

ontheroads.

Motorwayshaveno

(6)

bends,noroundaboutsortrafficlightsand(7)

speedsaremuchgreaterthanonotherroads.Thoughthe70mph.limitis

(8)

inforce,itisoftentreatedwiththecontemptthatmostdrivershaveforthe30mphlimitapplyinginbuiltupareasinBritain.Addedtothisisthefactthatmotorwaydriversseemtoliketravelingingroupswithperhaps

(9)

tenmetersbetweeneachvehicle.Theresultinghorrificpile-ups

(10)

onevehiclestopsforsomereason,suchasmechanicalfailure,drivererrorandsoon,havebecomeall

(11)

familiarthroughpicturesinnewspapersorontelevision.How

(12)ofthesedriversrealizethatittakesacaraboutonehundredmeterstobraketoastop

(13)

70mph?Driversalsoseemtothinkthatmotorwaydrivinggivesthemcompleteprotectionfromthechangingweather.

(14)

wettheroad,whateverthevisibilityinmistorfog,orthey

(15)

atridiculousspeeds,obliviousofpolicewarningsorspeedrestrictions

(16)

theirjourneycomestoaconclusion.Perhapsoneremedy

(17)

thismotorwaymadnesswouldbebetterdrivereducation.Atpresent,learnerdriversarebared

(18)

motorwaysandarethus,asfarasthiskindofdrivingis

(19)

,throwninatthedeepend.However,muchmoreefficientpolicingisrequired,

(20)

itisthedutyofthepolicenotonlytoenforcethelawbutalsotoprotectthegeneralpublicfromitsownfoolishness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.after

C.to

D.by

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.more

B.far

C

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