考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東化工職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東化工職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Mac’sclose（

）tohisbrothermadepeoplemistakethemforoneanother.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resemblance

B.identity

C.appearance

D.relationship

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。resemblanceto“與…相像”。句意：麥克和弟弟長(zhǎng)得很相像，人們常常把他們倆認(rèn)錯(cuò)。由后文“peoplemistakethemforoneanother”可知Mac兩兄弟長(zhǎng)得很像。答案A

2.單選題

Toomuch（）toX-rayscancauseskinbum,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disclose

B.exhibition

C.contact

D.exposure

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disclose“公開(kāi)，揭露”；B選項(xiàng)exhibition“展覽，顯示，展覽會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)contact“使接觸，聯(lián)系”；D選項(xiàng)exposure“暴露，曝光，揭露”。句意：過(guò)多_____在X射線下會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚燒傷、癌癥或其他身體損傷。這里考查了固定搭配exposureto“暴露于”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.填空題

"Opinion"isawordthatisusedcarelesslytoday.Itisusedtorefertomattersoftaste（1）,andjudgment.Thiscasualusewouldprobablycauselittleconfusionifpeopledidn't（2）toomuchimportancetoopinion.Unfortunately,mostdoattachgreatimportance（3）it."Ihaveasmuchrighttomyopinionasyoutoyours,"and"Everyone'sentitledtohisopinion,"are（4）expressions.Infact,anyonewhowouldchallengeanother'sopinionislikelytobebrandedintolerant.

Isthatlabelaccurate?Isitintoleranttochallengeanother’sopinion?It（5）onwhatdefinitionofopinionyouhaveinmind.Forexample,youmayaska（6）"WhatdoyouthinkofthenewFordcars?"Andhemayreply,"Inmy（7）,they'reugly."Inthiscase,itwouldnotonlybe（8）tochallengehisstatement,butfoolish.Forit'sobviousthatbyopinionliemeanshispersonal（9）,amatteroftaste.Andastheoldsayinggoes,'It'spointlesstoargueaboutmattersoftaste."

Butconsiderthisverydifferentuseoftheterm,anewspaper（10）thattheSupremeCourthasdelivereditsopinioninacontroversialcase.Obviouslythejusticesdidnotsharetheirpersonalpreferences,theirmere（11）anddislikes,theystatedtheirconsideredjudgment,painstakinglyarrivedatafterthoroughinquiryanddeliberation.

Mostofwhatisreferredtoasopinionfallssomewhere（12）thesetwoextremes.Itisnotanexpressionoftaste.Norisitcarefuljudgment.Yetitmay（13）elementsofboth.Itisavieworbeliefmoreorlesscasuallyarrivedat,withorwithout（14）theevidence.

Iseveryoneentitledtohisopinion?Ofcourse,thisisnotonly（15）,butguaranteed.Wearefreetoactonouropinionsonlysolongas,indoingso,wedonotharmothers.

【答案】1.belief

2.attach

3.to

4.common

5.depends

6.friend

7.opinion

8.intolerant

9.preference

10.reports

11.likes

12.between

13.contain

14.examining

15.permitted

【解析】1.文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句提到“Itisavieworbeliefmoreorlesscasuallyarrivedat...這是一種隨意達(dá)成的觀點(diǎn)或信念”中“belief”及該句前后出現(xiàn)的judgment正好與之形成對(duì)應(yīng)，故此處選belief。

2.“attachimportancetosth.著重于…重視”為固定搭配，同時(shí)由下文“…mostdoattachgreatimportance…”可知此處選attach。

3.“attachimportancetosth.著重于…重視”為固定搭配，故此處選to。

4.common“常見(jiàn)的;通常的”。前文提到“大多數(shù)人都很重視觀點(diǎn)”，"Ihaveasmuchrighttomyopinionasyoutoyours我與你都有'同樣的權(quán)利去堅(jiān)持各自的觀點(diǎn)”"Everyone'sentitledtohisopinion每個(gè)人都有資格堅(jiān)持自己的觀點(diǎn)"可知此處表示“常見(jiàn)表達(dá)方式”，故此處選common。

5.“dependonsth.依賴于，取決于”，固定搭配，根據(jù)前后文句意：這個(gè)標(biāo)簽是正確的嗎？質(zhì)疑別人的觀點(diǎn)是心胸狹隘的嗎？這取決于你對(duì)“觀點(diǎn)”的定義，由此可知，此處應(yīng)選depends。

6.根據(jù)上下文句意：比如，你可能會(huì)問(wèn)一個(gè)…“你覺(jué)得新款福特車型怎么樣”，他可能回答“在我看來(lái)有點(diǎn)丑”，可知此處選friend。

7.“inone’sopinion在某人看來(lái)”為固定短語(yǔ)，故此處選opinion。

8.前文提到“Isitintoleranttochallengeanother’sopinion?挑戰(zhàn)他人的觀點(diǎn)是心胸狹隘的嗎？”緊接著作者舉例，正好與“intolerant”對(duì)應(yīng)，故選intolerant。

9.下文“amatteroftaste一個(gè)喜好”是對(duì)空格處的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，此處句意為：因?yàn)楹苊黠@，從意見(jiàn)上來(lái)說(shuō)，謊言意味著他的個(gè)人偏好，也就是個(gè)人品味，可知選項(xiàng)preference“偏愛(ài)，喜好”最符合題意，故此處選preference。

10.前文提到“anewspaper”及下文新聞中的具體內(nèi)容可知，此處選擇reports“報(bào)道”最符合題意，故此處選reports。

11.下文提到“anddislikes和厭惡”，由and可知此處應(yīng)選擇與“dislike”相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞，此處句意為：顯然，大法官們并沒(méi)有分享他們的個(gè)人偏好、他們的喜歡和不喜歡，故此處選likes。

12.根據(jù)上下文“fallsomewhere落在某地”“thesetwoextremes這兩個(gè)極端”可知這里指“在……之間”，故此處選between。

13.根據(jù)上下文句意：它不是喜好的表達(dá)，也不是謹(jǐn)慎的判斷。然而，它可能同時(shí)包含這兩個(gè)要素，可知此處選“contain包含，容納”最符合題意，故選contain。

14.上下文句意：這是一種觀點(diǎn)或信念，無(wú)論是否有審查證據(jù)；介詞without后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，可知此處選examining“檢查；審查”最符合題意，故此處選examining。

15.上下文句意為：每個(gè)人都有資格堅(jiān)持自己的意見(jiàn)嗎？當(dāng)然，這不僅是允許的，而且是有保證的；結(jié)合短語(yǔ)“notonly...butalso...不僅……而且”的用法，可知此處應(yīng)選擇與“guaranteed被保證”意義相應(yīng)的詞，故此處選permitted“被允許”。

4.單選題

Mr.Smithbecamevery（）whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)史密斯先生被暗示犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，他變得非常（）。ingenious靈敏的，聰明的；empirical以事實(shí)為依據(jù)的；objective客觀的；indignant憤怒的。故選D。

5.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe______betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.junction

C.dilemma

D.premise

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)paradox“悖論，反論；似是而非的論點(diǎn)；自相矛盾的人或事”；B選項(xiàng)junction“連接，接合；交叉點(diǎn)；接合點(diǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)dilemma“困境；進(jìn)退兩難；兩刀論法”；D選項(xiàng)premise“前提，假定；（常復(fù)數(shù)）商店、餐館、公司等使用的房屋及土地；（常復(fù)數(shù)）上訴各項(xiàng)”。句意：父母?jìng)兘?jīng)常面對(duì)這樣的兩難處境，是選擇做他們認(rèn)為的對(duì)孩子發(fā)展好的事情呢，還是選擇對(duì)其放任自流。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Thetoneofthearticles（）thewriter’smoodatthetime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reproduced

B.reflected

C.imagined

D.imitated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。reproduce“繁殖，復(fù)制”;reflect“反映，表現(xiàn)”，reflectone'smood“反映某人的心情”，符合句意；imagine“想象，設(shè)想”；imitate“模仿，仿效”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。句意：文章的語(yǔ)氣反映了作者當(dāng)時(shí)的心情。

7.單選題

Hewasraginginside,butheheldhimselfin.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stayedindoors

B.triedhardtoforgetit

C.controlledhimself

D.calmeddown

【答案】C

【解析】holdoneselfin意為約束，抑制。stayedindoors

待在室內(nèi)；triedhardtoforgetit努力忘記；controlledhimself控制自己；calmeddown平靜下來(lái)，鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)。選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

8.單選題

Thegovernorwas______forwrongfuluseofstatemoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.implanted

B.impended

C.imbued

D.impeached

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.implanted植入B.impended即將發(fā)生，正在逼近

C.imbued灌輸，感染D.impeached彈劾，歸咎

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)空格后的句子意思“因挪用州政府的資金”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)意思可知，Thegovernorwas______表示“州長(zhǎng)被彈劾了”；因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)都不符合語(yǔ)義邏輯。

【句意】這位州長(zhǎng)因挪用州政府的資金而被彈劾。

9.單選題

Scientificresearchresultscannowbequickly（）tofactoryproduction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.used

B.applied

C.employed

D.practiced

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。beusedto表示“被用來(lái)；習(xí)慣于”，beappliedto表示“被運(yùn)用于，應(yīng)用于”，beemployedto表示“被使用于；被雇傭于”，practice通常與put構(gòu)成搭配“putsth.topractice”表示“把……付諸于實(shí)踐”。由句意可知，如今科研成果是被應(yīng)用于工廠生產(chǎn)。因此，只有B項(xiàng)符合原句含義和搭配，故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

10.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Hamletfisharecautiouslovers.Eacheveningattwilight,manytimesaneveninginfact,apairofthemwillleavethesafetyoftheirCaribbeanreefandrushafewyardsofftheseafloor.Positioningthemselvesside-to-side,head-to-tailtheyhurriedlyreleasetheireggsandsperm.Thentheyturnsharplyforhome,leavestheirgametestomixinsilence.IchthyologistPhillipLobelofthewoodsHoleOceanographicinstitutionhasfoundthathamletfishandmanyotherfishemit“criesofecstasy”attheappropriatemoment.

Biologistshavelongknownthatafewfishmakesounds.Thetoadfish,forexample,isnamedforitslowcall,whichcanbeheardevenabovewater.Underwater,however,humanearsdon’tworkwell.Asaresultresearchersdidn’tnoticehowcommonfishcallswereuntilLobelstarteddivingwithavideocameraandanunderwatermicrophonelikethekindtheNavyusestolistenforsubmarines.

Lobelhaslearnedthatthefishplayingtheroleofthemale-hamletfishswitchesrolesfromonetrysttothenext-emitsaseriesofshort,lowsounds.Thefemalerespondswithadownward,sweepingsoundlikeaslidewhistle.Thepurposetothesecalls,saysLobel,isprobablytosynchronizespawning,sothatspermandegghaveafightingchanceofactuallymeetinginthewater.

Then,atthemomentofspawning,thefemalefluttersherpectoralfins,contractsherabdominalmusclestosqueezeouttheeggs,andletsoutasoftcry,whichinpartmaysimplybethesoundofherswimbladdervibratingfromallthatmusclecontraction.“Thesoundisnotascream,it’sonlyasloudasconversation,”saysLobel.

Lobelhassincerecordedsoundsfromabouttwodozenotherfishspecies.Hethinksfishcalls,likesomebirdcalls,maybeameansbywhichfishrecognizesuitablemates,andthatfishofthesamespeciesmayevencommunicateinregionaldialects.“Lotsofpeoplesitandwatchtheirlittlefishintheiraquarium,”Lobelsays,“Well,it’slikelookingatabirdcagebehindsound-proofglass.Thesethingsareallmakingsounds.”

1.Theprimarypurposeofthispassageisto（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutfishcallsaccordingtothispassage?

3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“theappropriatemoment”forfishtoemitcriesofecstasymentionedinthefirstparagraph?

4.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectinferencefromthepassage?

5.Theauthormentionedbirdcallsinthelastparagraphinorder（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refuteamisconceptionthatfishdon’tmakesounds

B.proveanewdiscovery

C.explainthetimewhenhamletfishmakesounds

D.demonstratethefactthatfishareromanticashumanbeings

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Fishcallsarecommonlyregardedasrare.

B.Someofsoundsproducedbyfisharenotutteredfromtheirmouths.

C.Fishcallsmaybeameansbywhichfishfoundtheirmates.

D.Nosoundscanbeheardfromfishifapersonstandsontheground.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.WhenPhillipLobelwasunderthewaterwithavideocameraandamicrophone.

B.Whenonefishhasatrystwithanother.

C.Whenthespermandeggofthefishhaveachancetomeetinthewater.

D.Whenfisharespawning.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Fewbiologistshavetheideafishmayproducesoundsunderwater.

B.Apersonunderwatermayclearlyhearthecallofanotherperson’sabovewater.

C.Lobel’soriginalintentiontodotheexperimentwastotestwhetherhamletfishwouldproducematingcalls.

D.Ahamletfishmayplaytherolesofbothmaleandfemaleatdifferenttimes.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.todemonstratethatbirdscanbeclassifiedintocertainfishspecies

B.toillustratethatbirds,justlikefish,producecallstofindtheirmates

C.toprovebirdcallsaremorecommonthanfishcalls

D.tofurtherexplainthatfishisakindofanimalthatmayalsomakesoundswhennecessary

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章圍繞著魚的叫聲展開(kāi)，根據(jù)第二段最后一句Asaresultresearchersdidn’tnoticehowcommonfishcallswereuntilLobelstarteddivingwithavideocameraandanunderwatermicrophonelikethekindtheNavyusestolistenforsubmarines.（因此，研究人員沒(méi)有注意到魚類的叫聲是多么常見(jiàn)，直到Lobel開(kāi)始帶著攝像機(jī)和水下麥克風(fēng)潛水，就像海軍用來(lái)監(jiān)聽(tīng)潛艇的那種），可知B選項(xiàng)“證明一個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)”符合題意，A，D選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有在文章內(nèi)具體提及，C選項(xiàng)只是文章中的某一個(gè)方面，不是文章的目的。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Thetoadfish,forexample,isnamedforitslowcall,whichcanbeheardevenabovewater.（例如，蟾蜍魚的叫聲很低，即使在水面上也能聽(tīng)到，因此得名。），可知D選項(xiàng)“如果一個(gè)人站在地上，就聽(tīng)不到魚發(fā)出的聲音?！卞e(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段最后一句Asaresultresearchersdidn’tnoticehowcommonfishcallswere...（因此，研究人員沒(méi)有注意到魚類的叫聲是多么常見(jiàn)……）可以得知A選項(xiàng)“魚的叫聲通常被認(rèn)為是罕見(jiàn)的”正確；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句...whichinpartmaysimplybethesoundofherswimbladdervibratingfromallthatmusclecontraction.（……部分可能只是由于肌肉收縮而產(chǎn)生的膀胱振動(dòng)的聲音）可以得知B選項(xiàng)“有些魚發(fā)出的聲音不是從嘴里發(fā)出的”正確；根據(jù)最后一段第二句Hethinksfishcalls,likesomebirdcalls,maybeameansbywhichfishrecognizesuitablemates...（他認(rèn)為魚類的叫聲，就像一些鳥(niǎo)的叫聲一樣，可能是魚類識(shí)別合適配偶的一種方式……）可以得知C選項(xiàng)“魚類的叫聲可能是魚類找到配偶的一種方式”正確；因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句Thepurposetothesecalls,saysLobel,isprobablytosynchronizespawning,sothatspermandegghaveafightingchanceofactuallymeetinginthewater.（洛貝爾說(shuō)，這些叫聲的目的可能是為了同步產(chǎn)卵，這樣精子和卵子就有機(jī)會(huì)真正在水中相遇）以及倒數(shù)第二段第一句Then,atthemomentofspawning,thefemalefluttersherpectoralfins,contractsherabdominalmusclestosqueezeouttheeggs,andletsoutasoftcry...（然后，在產(chǎn)卵的那一刻，雌魚拍打胸鰭，收縮腹部肌肉把卵擠出來(lái)，然后發(fā)出一聲柔和的叫聲……），可知D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)魚產(chǎn)卵的時(shí)候”符合題意；A，B，C選項(xiàng)只是文章中提到的內(nèi)容，并不是最好地解釋了第一段提到的魚發(fā)出狂喜的叫聲的“適當(dāng)時(shí)刻”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Biologistshavelongknownthatafewfishmakesounds.（生物學(xué)家早就知道有一些魚會(huì)發(fā)出聲音），可知A選項(xiàng)“很少有生物學(xué)家知道魚在水下也能發(fā)聲”錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)在水下的人可以清楚地聽(tīng)到另一個(gè)人在水面上的呼喚”在原文中未提到，錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第一段最后一句IchthyologistPhillipLobelofthewoodsHoleOceanographicinstitutionhasfoundthathamletfishandmanyotherfishemit“criesofecstasy”attheappropriatemoment.（伍茲霍爾海洋研究所的魚類學(xué)家PhillipLobel發(fā)現(xiàn)，哈姆雷特魚和其他許多魚會(huì)在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候發(fā)出“狂喜的叫聲”）可以得知PhillipLobel是先得知哈姆雷特魚會(huì)發(fā)出叫聲，再進(jìn)行研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)魚產(chǎn)卵的時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)出叫聲，并不是先意識(shí)到是為了求偶發(fā)出叫聲再去測(cè)試，因此C選項(xiàng)“Lobel做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的初衷是為了測(cè)試哈姆雷特魚是否會(huì)發(fā)出求偶的叫聲”錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句Lobelhaslearnedthatthefishplayingtheroleofthemale-hamletfishswitchesrolesfromonetrysttothenext-emitsaseriesofshort,lowsounds.（洛貝爾了解到，扮演哈姆雷特中男性角色的魚會(huì)在一次次幽會(huì)中變換角色——發(fā)出一系列短而低的聲音。）可以得知D選項(xiàng)“哈姆雷特魚在不同的時(shí)期可能同時(shí)扮演男性和女性的角色”正確；因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】作者意圖題。A選項(xiàng)“為了證明鳥(niǎo)類可以被分類為某些魚類”和C選項(xiàng)“為了證明鳥(niǎo)叫比魚叫更常見(jiàn)”在原文中都沒(méi)提到；B選項(xiàng)“為了說(shuō)明鳥(niǎo)類，就像魚一樣，發(fā)出叫聲來(lái)尋找配偶”和原文想表達(dá)的邏輯關(guān)系不同，原文是想說(shuō)明魚像鳥(niǎo)一樣會(huì)發(fā)出叫聲來(lái)尋找配偶；D選項(xiàng)“進(jìn)一步解釋魚是一種必要時(shí)也會(huì)發(fā)出聲音的動(dòng)物”符合原文，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Onceyouhaveaddedupthefiguresinthebudgetplan,youwillhaveto（）incometaxtoarriveatthenetspendingamountavailabletoyou.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.divide

B.deduct

C.multiply

D.add

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。divide“分開(kāi)”；deduct“扣除;減去”multiply“乘；使增加”；add“增加”，addto“加入，增加”。句意：一旦你把預(yù)算計(jì)劃中的數(shù)字加起來(lái)，為了得出你可利用的凈支出金額，你將不得不加入所得稅。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Hesaidthatendingtheagreementwould（

）thefutureofsmallorfamily-runshops,leadtofewerbooksbeingpublishedandincreasepricesofallbutafewbestsellers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.venture

B.expose

C.jeopardize

D.legalize

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。venture“冒險(xiǎn)”；expose“揭露，揭發(fā)”；jeopardize“損害”；legalize“使合法化”。句意：他說(shuō)，終止協(xié)議不利于小型或家庭式經(jīng)營(yíng)書店未來(lái)的發(fā)展，那樣會(huì)減少圖書出版量，而且會(huì)提高除部分暢銷書以外全部圖書的價(jià)格。由leadto…可知是導(dǎo)致不好的結(jié)果，故空格處要填貶義詞，答案C

13.單選題

Aftertheveryactiveandsuccessfultenure(任職)ofofficebytheSenegalesePresidentastheheadoftheOrganizationofAfricanUnity,itwashighlylogicaltothinkthatthesuccessor,whoeverhemightbe,wouldhaveadifficulttaskindoingabetterjob.

TheCongolesepresidentsettoworkassoonashewaselected.HisfirststepwastosuggesttothedeanofheadsofStatepresentintheEthiopiancapital,PresidentKennethKaundaofZambia,tosummonameetingoftheleadersofcountriesthatlieclosetoSouthAfrica.Itsaim:todefineastrategyinordertoovercomethereprisals(報(bào)復(fù)行為)thattheracistregimeofPretoriaislikelytotakeagainstitsneighborsincasesanctions(制裁)areimposedbytheinternationalcommunity.

PresidentSassouNguesohasalreadyundertakenanumberoftripsabroad.HethuswenttoHarare(Zimbabwe)wherehedeliveredaspeech,onSeptember1,onbehalfofAfricabeforethesummitmeetingofnon-aligned(不結(jié)盟的)nations.

AttheendofSeptember,hewasinNewYork,forastatementbeforetheGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNations,andtheninWashington,fortalkswithhigh-rankingmembersoftheReaganAdministration.HethenwenttoOttawa,forconsultationswithleadingmembersoftheCanadiangovernment.

TheCongolesepresident’saim,inalltheseendeavors,istoconvincestillreluctantcountriesoftheimperiousnecessityofimposingsanctionsagainsttheracistregimeofPretoria.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,theword“successor”refersto______.

2.Accordingtothepassage,DenisSassouNgueso______.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

4.WemaydrawtheconclusionthatPresidentSassouNguesohasbeenworkingreallyhardto______.

5.Thispieceismostprobablytakenfrom______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.apersonwhoenjoyedasuccessfulcareerinpolitics

B.apersonwhowasverypopularinthepoliticalarena

C.thepersonwhowastoleadtheorganization

D.theformerheadoftheorganization

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.isCongolese

B.knewthatitwasverydifficultforhimtobeelected

C.waselectedwithoutanyopposition

D.hasheldameetingintheEthiopiancapital

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.PresidentSassouNguesohasdecidedtovisitasmanyAfricancountriesaspossible.

B.PresidentSassouNguesomadeasuggestiontoPresidentKennethKaundathatameetingbeheldoftheleadersofcountriesthatlieclosetoSouthAfrica.

C.PresidentSassouNguesowenttoHarareanddeliveredaspeechthere.

D.IfsanctionsareimposedagainstSouthAfricabytheinternationalcommunity,theracistregimeofPretoriawillprobablytakerevengeonitsneighbors.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.provehimselfatrustworthypresident

B.convincesomereluctantcountriesthatitishighlynecessarytoimposesanctionsagainsttheracistregimeofPretoria

C.showtothewholeworldthestrengthandpoweroftheOrganizationofAfricanUnity

D.seekfinancialsupportfromsomeadvancedcountriestopromoteAfricaneconomy

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.anewspaperreport

B.abiography

C.ahistorybook

D.aWho’sWho

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞““successor”可以定位到文章第一段AftertheveryactiveandsuccessfultenureofofficebytheSenegalesePresidentastheheadoftheOrganizationofAfricanUnity,itwashighlylogicaltothinkthatthesuccessor,whoeverhemightbe,wouldhaveadifficulttaskindoingabetterjob.（在塞內(nèi)加爾總統(tǒng)非常積極和成功地?fù)?dān)任了非洲統(tǒng)一組織的首腦之后，認(rèn)為無(wú)論繼任者是誰(shuí)，都將面臨一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，要做得更好的想法是非常合乎邏輯的。），說(shuō)明““successor”在文中指的是“即將接任該組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位的人”。因此C選項(xiàng)“將要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)該組織的人”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)在政治上享有成功事業(yè)的人”，B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)在政治舞臺(tái)上非常受歡迎的人”，D選項(xiàng)“該組織的前負(fù)責(zé)人”均不符合題意，所以A,B,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句PresidentSassouNguesohasalreadyundertakenanumberoftripsabroad.（薩蘇?恩格索總統(tǒng)已經(jīng)多次出訪國(guó)外。），上一段提到TheCongolesepresidentsettoworkassoonashewaselected.（剛果總統(tǒng)一當(dāng)選就開(kāi)始工作。），說(shuō)明薩蘇?恩格索是剛果總統(tǒng)。因此A選項(xiàng)“剛果人”正確。B選項(xiàng)“知道他很難當(dāng)選”，C選項(xiàng)“在沒(méi)有任何反對(duì)意見(jiàn)的情況下當(dāng)選”，D選項(xiàng)“已經(jīng)在埃塞俄比亞首都舉行了一次會(huì)議”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。B選項(xiàng)“薩蘇?恩格索總統(tǒng)向肯尼思?卡溫達(dá)總統(tǒng)提出了一個(gè)建議，即召開(kāi)一個(gè)靠近南非的國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)議”，由原文HisfirststepwastosuggesttothedeanofheadsofStatepresentintheEthiopiancapital,PresidentKennethKaundaofZambia,tosummonameetingoftheleadersofcountriesthatlieclosetoSouthAfrica.（他的第一步是向出席埃塞俄比亞首都會(huì)議的國(guó)家元首領(lǐng)袖、贊比亞總統(tǒng)肯尼斯?卡溫達(dá)建議召開(kāi)一次與南非毗鄰的國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)議。）可知，B選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除B。C選項(xiàng)“薩蘇?恩格索總統(tǒng)去了哈拉雷并在那里發(fā)表了講話”，由原文HethuswenttoHarare(Zimbabwe)wherehedeliveredaspeech,onSeptember1,onbehalfofAfricabeforethesummitmeetingofnon-alignednations.（因此，他前往津巴布韋的哈拉雷，并于9月1日在不結(jié)盟國(guó)家首腦會(huì)議前代表非洲發(fā)表了講話。）可知，C選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除C。D選項(xiàng)“如果國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)南非實(shí)施制裁，比勒陀利亞的種族主義政權(quán)可能會(huì)對(duì)其鄰國(guó)進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)”，由原文Itsaim:todefineastrategyinordertoovercomethereprisalsthattheracistregimeofPretoriaislikelytotakeagainstitsneighborsincasesanctionsareimposedbytheinternationalcommunity.（其目的是確定一項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略，以便在國(guó)際社會(huì)實(shí)施制裁時(shí)，克服比勒陀利亞種族主義政權(quán)可能對(duì)其鄰國(guó)采取的報(bào)復(fù)。）可知，D選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除D。A選項(xiàng)“薩蘇?恩格斯總統(tǒng)已決定盡可能多地訪問(wèn)非洲國(guó)家”在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以本題選A。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段TheCongolesepresident’saim,inalltheseendeavors,istoconvincestillreluctantcountriesoftheimperiousnecessityofimposingsanctionsagainsttheracistregimeofPretoria.（這位剛果總統(tǒng)所有的努力是為了讓仍不情愿的國(guó)家相信，對(duì)種族主義的比勒陀利亞政權(quán)實(shí)施制裁是絕對(duì)必要的。），說(shuō)明薩蘇?恩格索總統(tǒng)一直非常努力工作的目的是說(shuō)服一些不情愿的國(guó)家，對(duì)比勒陀利亞的種族主義政權(quán)實(shí)施制裁是非常必要的。因此B選項(xiàng)“說(shuō)服一些不情愿的國(guó)家，對(duì)比勒陀利亞的種族主義政權(quán)實(shí)施制裁是非常必要的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“證明自己是一個(gè)值得信賴的總統(tǒng)”，C選項(xiàng)“向全世界展示非洲統(tǒng)一組織的實(shí)力和力量”，D選項(xiàng)“尋求一些先進(jìn)國(guó)家的財(cái)政支持以促進(jìn)非洲經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文可知，本文語(yǔ)言平直通俗，筆調(diào)比較客觀，符合新聞報(bào)道的文體。因此A選項(xiàng)“一篇報(bào)刊報(bào)道”正確。B選項(xiàng)“一本傳記”，C選項(xiàng)“一本歷史書”，D選項(xiàng)“一本名人錄”均不符合題意，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

14.單選題

IcanspeakFrenchalittlebut（

）you.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.notasgoodas

B.notsowellthan

C.notsobetteras

D.notsowellas

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析。句意：我會(huì)講一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)法語(yǔ)但是（）你。這里屬于同級(jí)比較，所以排除B，C。這里的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是speak，所以要用副詞well修飾，答案選D。在否定句里，good的同級(jí)比較是sogoodas，所以A不能選。

15.單選題

Manyofthemostdamagingandlifethreateningtypesofweathertorrentialrains,severethunderstorms,andtornadoesbeginquickly,strikesuddenly,anddisappearrapidly,destroyingsmallregionswhileleavingneighboringareasuntouched.SucheventasatornadostruckthenortheasternsectionofEdmonton,Alberta,inJuly1987.Totaldamagesfromthetornadoexceeded$250million,thehighesteverforanyCanadianstorm.

ConventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingshortlivedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausetheavailableweatherdataaregenerallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputerstostudycarefullythesubtleatmosphericchangesthatcomebeforethesestorms.Inmostnations,forexample,weather-balloonobservationsaretakenjustonceeverytwelvehoursatlocationstypicallyseparatedbyhundredsofmiles.Withsuchlimiteddata,conventionalforecastingmodelsdoamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweatherconditionsoverlargeregionsthantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.

Untilrecently,theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts,or“Nowcasts”,wasnotfeasible.Thecostofequippingandoperatingmanythousandsofconventionalweatherstationswasextremelyhigh,andthedifficultiesinvolvedinrapidlycollectingandprocessingtherawweatherdatafromsuchanetworkwerehardtoovercome.Fortunately,scientificandtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostoftheseproblems.Radarsystems,automatedweatherinstruments,andsatellitesareallcapableofmakingdetailed,nearlycontinuousobservationoverlargeregionsatarelativelylowcost.Communicationssatellitescantransmitdataaroundtheworldcheaplyandinstantaneously,andmoderncomputerscanquicklycompileandanalyzethislargevolumeofweatherinformation.Meteorologistsandcomputerscientistsnowworktogethertodesigncomputerprogramsandvideoequipmentcapableoftransformingrawweatherdataintowords,symbols,andvividgraphicdisplaysthatforecasterscaninterpreteasilyandquickly.Asmeteorologistshavebegunusingthesenewtechnologiesinweatherforecastingoffices,Nowcastingisbecomingareality.

1.Theword“exceeded”inparagraph1mostprobablymeans______.

2.Conventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherefailstopredictsuchashort-livedtornadobecause______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theword“Nowcast”(paragraph3)means______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,______isthekeyfactortomaking“Nowcasts”areality.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thepassagemainlydealswith______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.addedupto

B.weremorethan

C.wereabout

D.werelessthan

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thecomputerisnotusedtoforecastspecificlocalevents

B.thecomputersarenotadvancedenoughtopredictit

C.theweatherdatapeoplecollectareoftenwrong

D.weatherconditionsinsomesmallregionsarenotavailable

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.awayofcollectingrawweatherdata

B.aforecastwhichcanpredicttheweatherconditionsinthesmallareainanaccurateway

C.anetworktocollectinstantweatherdata

D.amoreadvancedsystemofweatherobservation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.scientificandtechnologicaladvancessuchasradar,orsatellites

B.computerscientist

C.meteorologists

D.advancedcomputerprograms

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.atornadoinEdmonton,Alberta

B.what’sa“Nowcast”

C.thedisadvantageofconventionalcomputermodelsoftheweatherforecast

D.abreakthroughinweatherforecast

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“exceeded”可以定位到文章第一段第三句Totaldamagesfromthetornadoexceeded$250million（龍卷風(fēng)造成的總損失超過(guò)2.5億美元），說(shuō)明“exceeded”在文中是指“超過(guò)”的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)“超過(guò)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“加起來(lái)”，C選項(xiàng)“大約”，D選項(xiàng)“少于”均不符合題意，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句ConventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingshortlivedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausetheavailableweatherdataaregenerallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputerstostudycarefullythesubtleatmosphericchangesthatcomebeforethesestorms.（傳統(tǒng)的大氣計(jì)算機(jī)模型在預(yù)測(cè)像埃德蒙頓龍卷風(fēng)這樣短暫的局部風(fēng)暴方面價(jià)值有限，因?yàn)榭捎玫奶鞖鈹?shù)據(jù)通常不夠詳細(xì)，不能讓計(jì)算機(jī)仔細(xì)研究這些風(fēng)暴來(lái)臨之前微妙的大氣變化。），接著指出conventionalforecastingmodelsdoamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweatherconditionsoverlargeregionsthantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.（傳統(tǒng)的天氣預(yù)報(bào)模式能夠較好地預(yù)測(cè)大范圍的總體天氣情況而不是具體的局部天氣事件），說(shuō)明傳統(tǒng)的大氣計(jì)算機(jī)模型不能很好地預(yù)測(cè)龍卷風(fēng)是因?yàn)橐恍┬^(qū)域的數(shù)據(jù)采集不到。因此D選項(xiàng)“一些小區(qū)域的天氣狀況無(wú)法獲得”正確。A選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)不是用來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)具體的局部事件的”，B選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)不夠先進(jìn)，無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)”，C選項(xiàng)“人們收集的天氣數(shù)據(jù)往往是錯(cuò)誤的”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

3.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Nowcast”可以定位到文章第三段第一句Untilrecently,theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts,or“Nowcasts”,wasnotfeasible.（直到最近，用于精確的、非常短期的預(yù)測(cè)或“臨近預(yù)報(bào)”的觀測(cè)密集方法還不可行。），由前面的“accurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts”可以推斷出，“Nowcast”在文中是指“準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)的天氣預(yù)報(bào)”的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)“一種可以準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)小區(qū)域天氣狀況的預(yù)報(bào)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一種收集原始天氣數(shù)據(jù)的方式”，C選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)收集即時(shí)天氣數(shù)據(jù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)更先進(jìn)的天氣觀測(cè)系統(tǒng)”均不符合題意，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第三句Fortunately,scientificandtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostoftheseproblems.（幸運(yùn)的是，科學(xué)和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步已經(jīng)克服了這些問(wèn)題中的大多數(shù)。），說(shuō)明解決及時(shí)預(yù)報(bào)困難的關(guān)鍵因素是高科技的發(fā)展。因此A選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，如雷達(dá)或衛(wèi)星”正確。B選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家”，C選項(xiàng)“氣象學(xué)家”，D選項(xiàng)“先進(jìn)的計(jì)算機(jī)程序”均不符合題意，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了某次龍卷風(fēng)造成的損失，指出傳統(tǒng)的計(jì)算機(jī)天氣預(yù)測(cè)模式由于沒(méi)有詳細(xì)的天氣情況數(shù)據(jù)而不能對(duì)類似于龍卷風(fēng)的暴風(fēng)雨做出及時(shí)的預(yù)報(bào)。接著提出直到最近，由于高科技的發(fā)展解決了人們收集天氣數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)的種種問(wèn)題，才使得Nowcast這種準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)的天氣預(yù)報(bào)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，可知文章主要講述了天氣預(yù)報(bào)方面的一大突破。因此D選項(xiàng)“天氣預(yù)報(bào)的突破性進(jìn)展”最符合文章主旨。A選項(xiàng)“艾伯塔省埃德蒙頓市的一場(chǎng)龍卷風(fēng)”，B選項(xiàng)“什么是Nowcast”，C選項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)的天氣預(yù)報(bào)計(jì)算機(jī)模型的缺點(diǎn)”都只講了文章的某一方面，不能完整地概括文章主旨，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

16.單選題

ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwellbutifyou（）,youwillsucceedintheend.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hangup

B.hangabout

C.hangon

D.hangonto

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。選項(xiàng)A：hangup“掛斷電話，擱置”;選項(xiàng)B：hangabout“徘徊，閑蕩”;選項(xiàng)C:hangon“堅(jiān)持下去，不掛斷，握住不放”;選項(xiàng)C：hangonto“依附，繼續(xù)保留，緊緊抓住”。句意：學(xué)好英語(yǔ)并不容易，但如果你堅(jiān)持下去，你最終會(huì)成功的。根據(jù)句意可知，選項(xiàng)C更符合題意，正確。

17.單選題

Mr.Smithbecamevery（

）whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。形容詞詞義辨折。ingenious“有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，機(jī)靈的”；empirical“經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的”；objective“客觀的”；indignant“憤憤不平的”。句意：當(dāng)被指出犯了錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，史密斯先生感到很氣憤。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

18.單選題

Inarguingagainstassertionsthatenvironmentalcatastropheisimminent,herbookdoesnotridiculeallpredictionsofdoombutratherclaimsthattherisksofharmhaveinmanycasesbeen（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exaggerated

B.derided

C.ignored

D.scrutinized

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。通過(guò)Inarguingagainstassertionsthatenvironmentalcatastropheisimminent可知這里駁斥的是environmentalcatastropheisimminent，所以對(duì)下文claim的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與這個(gè)相反：即認(rèn)為環(huán)境災(zāi)難并沒(méi)有臨近，這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)只是被夸大了。exaggerat夸張；deride嘲笑；ignore忽視；scrutinize詳細(xì)檢查。句意：在對(duì)環(huán)境災(zāi)難臨近的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行駁斥的過(guò)程中，她的作品并沒(méi)有嘲笑所有的厄運(yùn)預(yù)測(cè)，而是指出災(zāi)害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在許多情況下被夸大了。

19.單選題

Youareunlikelytomake______towardresolvingyourdifferencesifyoutworefusetomakeconcessionstoeachother.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conclusion

B.impact

C.resolution

D.headway

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)conclusion“結(jié)論，結(jié)局，推論”，B項(xiàng)impact“巨大影響，撞擊，沖撞”，C項(xiàng)resolution“分辨率，決議，解決”，D項(xiàng)headway“前進(jìn)，進(jìn)步，航行速度”。由Youareunlikelytomake______towardresolvingyourdifference“你們不太可能在解決分歧方面取得……”可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有headway最符合語(yǔ)境，makeheadway表示“取得進(jìn)展”。句意：如果你們拒絕彼此讓步，就不可能在解決分歧方面取得進(jìn)展。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

20.翻譯題

1999年，中國(guó)開(kāi)始進(jìn)入老齡化社會(huì)。2004年年底,60歲以上的人口達(dá)到1.43億，占全國(guó)人口總數(shù)的10.97%。至此，中國(guó)成為世界上擁有最多老齡人口的國(guó)家。有專家說(shuō)1990年到2033年是中國(guó)的“人口紅利”(populationbonus)期,出生率下降，老齡人口還不算太多，這一時(shí)期是有助于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的。

2010年到2013年中國(guó)勞動(dòng)力人口將達(dá)到9億人，在這之后“紅利”會(huì)變成“赤字”，也就是說(shuō)，這以后需要照顧的老齡人口會(huì)迅速增加。據(jù)說(shuō)2030年后的二十年是中國(guó)老齡化最嚴(yán)峻的時(shí)期。因此，要做好充分準(zhǔn)備，好好利用人口紅利期來(lái)解決嚴(yán)重的老齡化問(wèn)題。

有報(bào)告稱，中國(guó)是典型的成為富裕國(guó)家前就面臨老齡化社會(huì)的國(guó)家。這是長(zhǎng)期的問(wèn)題，也需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能解決。中國(guó)一直堅(jiān)持計(jì)劃生育政策，人口增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)得到了有效的控制。據(jù)估計(jì)，中國(guó)到2030年的總?cè)丝趯⑦_(dá)到14.65億，屆時(shí)會(huì)面臨老齡化和人口出生率下降兩大壓力，這也一定會(huì)給國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展帶來(lái)巨大的壓力。

這份報(bào)告還指出，中國(guó)在解決老齡化問(wèn)題的意識(shí)、條件及法規(guī)上都嚴(yán)重滯后，因此，必須把這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決納人到未來(lái)國(guó)家發(fā)展策略中。我們要及早關(guān)注老齡化人口的醫(yī)療資源，完善社會(huì)保障體系。在老齡人口達(dá)到頂峰前，建立一個(gè)健全的國(guó)家性社會(huì)保障機(jī)制。

【答案】Since1999,Chinahasenteredintoasituationoftheagingsociety.Therewillbe143millionChineseaged60orover,accountingfor10.97percentofthepopulationtotheendof2004.Atthispoint,ChinabecamethecountrywhohavethelargestnumberofAgingpopulation.SomeexpertssaythatitisChina’spopulationbonusbetween1990and2033whenbirthrateisdecreasedandthenumberofoldpeopleisnottoomuch,whichhelpstodeveloptheeconomies.

Thetotalworkingagepopulationwillreach900millionfrom2010to2013.Afterthat,the“populationbonu