高三英語(yǔ)二輪語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案：名詞性從句

HighSchoolEnglishGuidedLearningPlanContributor:EthanTime:4June2022TopicNounClausesLessonTypeNewLearningObjectives名詞性從句名詞性從句指的是在主句中起的作用相當(dāng)于名詞的從句，主要包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。一、主語(yǔ)從句1．引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞：從屬連詞that,whether/if；連接代詞what,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等；連接副詞when,where,why,how,whenever等。Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialsimilaritybetweenthem.（從她們的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她們真是親姐妹。）Whatstruckmemostinthemoviewasthefather’sdeeploveforhisson.（影片中最打動(dòng)我的是父親對(duì)他兒子深深的愛(ài)。）Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.（它是否是真的依然是個(gè)問(wèn)題。）Whathesaidprovedtobetrue.（他所說(shuō)的話證明是正確的。）(what作said的賓語(yǔ))2．主語(yǔ)從句一般放在句首，但有時(shí)也可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將主語(yǔ)從句移到句子的末尾。常見(jiàn)的句型：（that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)句型有）(1)It＋be＋形容詞(necessary/likely/important/uncertain等)＋that從句(2)It＋be＋名詞(短語(yǔ))(apity/ashame/nowonder/nosurprise等)＋that從句(3)It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞(said/reported/decided/believed等)＋that從句(4)It＋不及物動(dòng)詞(seem,appear,happen等)＋that從句Itisuncertainwhatsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.（盡管大約兩千名患者已經(jīng)服用了這種藥，但是它會(huì)帶來(lái)什么樣的副作用還不清楚。）Itiswonderfulthatallofyouhavepassedthedifficultexam.（你們都通過(guò)了這次艱難的測(cè)試真是太棒了。）It’snosurprisethatourteamhaswonthegame.（我們隊(duì)獲勝一點(diǎn)都不令人吃驚。）Itisapitythatyouhavemissedthewonderfullecture.（真遺憾你錯(cuò)過(guò)了這么精彩的演講。）ItisdecidedthatthemeetingwillbeputofftillnextMonday.（會(huì)議被推遲到下周一召開(kāi)已經(jīng)定下來(lái)了。）Itissaidthatthelabbuilding(should)bebuiltnextyear.（據(jù)說(shuō)實(shí)驗(yàn)樓將于明年修建。）Itappearsthattheyhavemadethesamemistake.（好像他們犯了同樣的錯(cuò)誤。）二、賓語(yǔ)從句1．引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞：從屬連詞that,whether,if；連接代詞what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等；連接副詞when,where,why,how等；從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。Wepromisewhoeverattendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.（我們?cè)S諾，任何參加這個(gè)聚會(huì)的人都有跟那個(gè)電影明星合影的機(jī)會(huì)。）Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.（我確信美來(lái)自內(nèi)在。）WemustfindoutwhenKarliscoming,sowecanbookaroomforhim.（我們必須弄清楚卡爾什么時(shí)候來(lái)，以便我們可以為他預(yù)訂房間。）Theyaskedwhether/ifwewouldneedanyhelp.（他們問(wèn)我們是否需要幫助。）2．it作形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句(1)一些動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，則需要用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句后置。常見(jiàn)的這類動(dòng)詞有：find,feel,think,consider,believe,guess,suppose,make等。Hehasmadeitclearthatthemeetingwillnotbepostponed.（他清楚地表明會(huì)議不會(huì)被推遲。）(2)動(dòng)詞hate,like,dislike,appreciate,enjoy等表示“喜歡”、“厭惡”的動(dòng)詞以及一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)seeto,dependon,relyon等常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置。Ishallseetoitthatheistakengoodcareofwhenyouareabsent.（你不在的時(shí)候，我會(huì)確保把他照顧好。）三、表語(yǔ)從句1．引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞：從屬連詞that,whether；連接代詞what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等；連接副詞when,where,why,how等；從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfeltthathecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.（杰里不后悔給出評(píng)論，但是覺(jué)得自己本來(lái)可以用不同的方法來(lái)表達(dá)的。）I’dliketostartmyownbusiness—that’swhatI’ddoifIhadthemoney.（我愿意自己創(chuàng)業(yè)——那就是如果我有錢將會(huì)做的事情。）2．a(chǎn)sif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句常跟在be動(dòng)詞，seem,look,taste,sound,feel,appear等動(dòng)詞之后。Thethicksmogcoveredthewholecity.Itwasasifagreatblackblankethadbeenthrownoverit.（濃霧覆蓋著整座城市。好像把一個(gè)巨大的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。）3．because,why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句because,why也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但because引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)不能是reason或cause(該結(jié)構(gòu)常用that引導(dǎo))。常用于以下句型：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(This/Thatis/waswhy...這/那是……的原因。,This/Thatis/wasbecause...這/那是因?yàn)椤?Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...,……的原因是……))Chinaisdevelopingfast.That’swhyIthinkthoseofmycolleagueswhodealwithChinaaffairsshouldvisitChina.（中國(guó)在飛速發(fā)展，這就是我為什么認(rèn)為我的那些跟中國(guó)打交道的同事應(yīng)該訪問(wèn)中國(guó)。）Thereasonwhyhedidn’tpasstheexamwasthathewastoocareless.（他沒(méi)有通過(guò)考試的原因是他太粗心了。）四、同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語(yǔ)，位于該名詞之后，用以說(shuō)明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。常見(jiàn)的后跟同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有：advice建議 conclusion結(jié)論 demand要求doubt懷疑 fact事實(shí) hope希望idea主意 information信息 message消息news消息 order命令 possibility可能性promise諾言 question問(wèn)題 request請(qǐng)求suggestion建議 thought想法 plan計(jì)劃Imadeapromisetomyselfthatthisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.（我對(duì)自己承諾：今年，我高中的第一年，會(huì)有所不同。）—Isthereanypossibilitythatyoucouldpickmeupattheairport?（——你有可能到機(jī)場(chǎng)接我嗎？）—Noproblem.（——沒(méi)問(wèn)題。）引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：that,whether,how,where,when,why等。Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudythatchildren’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.（通過(guò)多年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：有證據(jù)表明孩子的早期睡眠問(wèn)題很有可能會(huì)隨著他們的成長(zhǎng)繼續(xù)下去。）Sheaskedaquestionwhytherewasadelay.（她問(wèn)了發(fā)生延誤的原因。）Thequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoinghasnotbeendecided.（這項(xiàng)工作是否值得做的問(wèn)題還有待定論。）Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.（我不知道他什么時(shí)候回家。）注：在同位語(yǔ)從句中，that,whether不作句子成分。that無(wú)實(shí)義，whether意為“是否”，if一般不引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連接詞一般都不能省略。隨堂練習(xí)單句改錯(cuò)1．Astimewenton,IrealizedwhatridiculousIhadbeenatthattime.2．Ihadthoughtifperhapsthewomanwouldblametheman.Beyondmyexpectations,thewomanansweredwithasmile.3．Fortunately,Ihadamobilephonewithme,soIcalledthepoliceandtoldthemthathadbeenfound.4．Thatcollegestudentsaremainlyconcernedaboutisemploymentandtheirdreamtohavewell-paidjobswheretheycanlivetheirlivestothefullest.5．ThereisnodoubtifEnglish