中考英語(yǔ)-語(yǔ)法思維導(dǎo)圖之十三-動(dòng)詞-人教新目標(biāo)版

精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)專心---專注---專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)助動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)+動(dòng)詞原形助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形獨(dú)立充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞be動(dòng)詞“保持”“變化”感官動(dòng)詞be+adv.+adj“如何是”become,seem,turn,grow,get,keep,staylook,sound,taste,smell,feel常接形容詞作表語(yǔ)主謂一致情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意思答語(yǔ)表示推測(cè)may答語(yǔ):肯定Certainly./Sure./Yes,youcan.否定Sorry,butyoucan’t/mustn’t“一定”must“必須”MustI…？Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.“不得不”DoIhaveto..?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.“需要”實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：notneedtodosth.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：needn’tdosth.Wouldyouliketodo?答語(yǔ)“I’dliketo”“I’dliketo,but....”hadbetter“最好(不)做某事”You’dbetterdo…/You’dbetternotdo…“可能”may,might,could“不可能”can’t助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞狹義概念：“贈(zèng)送的”擴(kuò)展概念：“自帶的”do,does,did凡謂語(yǔ)由兩部分構(gòu)成之前者句型操作及答語(yǔ)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞身份助動(dòng)詞身份/強(qiáng)調(diào)功能實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)名稱被動(dòng)：be+done及物動(dòng)詞必須跟賓語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞不直跟賓語(yǔ)謂動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)★過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)★過(guò)去完成時(shí)do/doesdidbe+doingwas/were+doingwill+dowould+dohave/has+donehad+done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞選項(xiàng)有無(wú)被動(dòng)只需考慮時(shí)態(tài)該而不:感官發(fā)生實(shí)現(xiàn)出版使役動(dòng)詞正常不帶to被動(dòng)則帶意思需要時(shí)間，標(biāo)志意思平時(shí)經(jīng)常做某次過(guò)去做現(xiàn)在正在做過(guò)去正在做現(xiàn)在將要做過(guò)去將要做到現(xiàn)在已做到過(guò)去已做動(dòng)詞詞形變化動(dòng)詞詞形變化三單現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞+ss,x,sh,ch,o+es輔+y→i+es不規(guī)則+ing去e+ing雙寫(xiě)+ingie→y+ing+ed輔+y→i+ed雙寫(xiě)+ed不規(guī)則輔元輔，且重讀，不忘雙寫(xiě)尾字母（除組合外）時(shí)態(tài)判斷時(shí)態(tài)判斷所用時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)間一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)onSundays一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)ago,yesterday,lastweek,in1989now,thesedaysatthistimeyesterday,atthattimetomorrow,thisafternoon,nextyearthenextdaysofar,inthepastyears,since標(biāo)志頻率/真理/時(shí)間條件狀從attheageof5,justnow,when+從look,listen與頻度副詞連用when+過(guò)in+時(shí)間段常用于賓從中already,yet,ever,never,before,for過(guò)去完成時(shí)byyesterday/then/theendofwhen+過(guò)before+過(guò)，by+過(guò)=1\*GB3①完成時(shí)句中,與for,since,howlong連用時(shí),動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)形式goto,cometo→bein/atleave→beaway(from)arrive→bein/atdie→bekeadbegin/start→beonend→beoverbuy→havejoin→beamemberof/beinborrow→keepgetmarried→bemarriedmakefriendswith→befriendswith②havegoneto“去了”人不在這里,havebeento“去過(guò)”人在這里¤強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis+一段時(shí)間+since+過(guò)去時(shí)“自…以來(lái)，已經(jīng)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意思結(jié)構(gòu)搭配動(dòng)詞+介詞doing動(dòng)詞+副詞be+adj.+介詞賓語(yǔ)一律后置代賓中，名中后非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式todo現(xiàn)在分詞doing過(guò)去分詞done作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)被視為單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)作定語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)賓從省略式常被形主it代替be+todo“是做”被形賓it代替省to不省要后置，省介否表目的，原因疑問(wèn)詞+todo判定:后有謂動(dòng)bedoing“正在做”havesth.done使被bedone“被做”不定式不定式作主語(yǔ)常被形式主語(yǔ)it代替，而把todo置于句尾Itis+adj./n.+(forsb./ofsb.)+todosth.Ittakes+sb.+st.+todosth.后接todo的動(dòng)詞：like,ask,wish,hope,dare,offer,decide,help,long,learn,start,begin,agree,refuse,want,expect,promise,pretend,plan,manage,afford,prepare被形賓代替：think/find/make+it+adj.+(forsb./ofsb.)+todosth.后接sb.todo的動(dòng)詞：force,teach,get,tell,know,help,ask,invite,wish,want,warn,waitfor,allow,require,cause,advise,order,encourage,like常用省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：have,make,let,feel,see,observe,lookat,listento,notice,watch,hear,discover(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)要還原to)結(jié)構(gòu)有：hadbetterdo,wouldratherdo(thando),can’tbutdo,donothingbutdo,havenothingtodobutdo,whydo?,whynotdo?作定語(yǔ)：要后置。若不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)其后介詞不能省。(修飾的名詞是time,place,way

時(shí)其后上常省略介詞)作狀語(yǔ)：表目的：gotosp.todo/dosb.cantodo/followsb.todo表原因：besorrytodo/behappytodo/bepleasedtodo后接doing的動(dòng)詞：advise