高三英語基礎(chǔ)寫作-讀寫任務(wù) 專題復(fù)習(xí)

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練（一）請根據(jù)以下表格內(nèi)容，寫一篇介紹珠海的文章。城市珠海，一個(gè)美麗的現(xiàn)代海濱城市地理位置珠江三角洲西南面面積7640平方公里人口大約125萬氣候亞熱帶氣候；常年陽光充足、雨水充沛；氣溫介乎10℃~35℃經(jīng)濟(jì)經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)，極好的的地理位置和靠近港澳，使它成為中國發(fā)展最快的城市之一特色全國最潔凈和美麗的城市之一；享有花園城市和最佳居住環(huán)境模仿城市的美譽(yù)[寫作內(nèi)容]根據(jù)以上表格提示，寫一篇短文，要包括以下內(nèi)容：１.城市名稱及地理位置；２.面積及其人口；３.氣候特點(diǎn)；4.經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況；5.城市特色。（二）你接受了一項(xiàng)寫作任務(wù)，要求英語校報(bào)寫一篇“校史展覽館”的介紹。[寫作內(nèi)容]請根據(jù)以下信息，介紹你校“校史展覽館”的基本情況。地點(diǎn)：校圖書館一樓地點(diǎn)：校圖書館一樓占地面積：約300平方米展館歷史：40多年展覽形式：文字、圖片、實(shí)物、影視等展館內(nèi)容：（1）1942年以來的發(fā)展（2）歷任校長簡介（3）歷屆師生獲獎(jiǎng)情況（4）教學(xué)理念、輝煌成就布展目的：（1）了解學(xué)校悠久的歷史與豐富的文化（2）激勵(lì)學(xué)生努力學(xué)習(xí)、感恩母校、報(bào)效祖國十今昔對比

今昔對比類作文往往會(huì)用表格或圖表的形式來表述,因此高考中此類寫作常用“少量文字+表格或圖表”的形式來命題。一、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)(1)開門見山地交待什么事情在什么時(shí)候發(fā)生了什么樣的變化。(2)用具體的事例進(jìn)行對比闡述今昔變化。(3)總結(jié)變化結(jié)果,或?qū)Σ焕淖兓Y(jié)果提出解決建議。今昔對比類作文尤應(yīng)注意時(shí)態(tài)的正確使用。一般說來,描述過去的情況應(yīng)用過去式;而描述現(xiàn)在的情況則應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。寫作方式既可采用集中比較,也可采用逐點(diǎn)比較。句式模板1.總述何時(shí)何地發(fā)生了變化。多以changes作主語,用takeplace的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。(1)Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthelastfiveyear.近五年來,我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨變。(2)Overthepasttwentyyearsorso,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourlife.在過去約20年的時(shí)間里,我們的生活發(fā)生了巨變。(3)Thingshavebeguntoimprovesinceschoolswerecalledontoreducelearningload.自從號召學(xué)校減負(fù)以來,情況有了好轉(zhuǎn)。2.通過今昔對比描述具體變化。(1)...usedto...,butnow...……曾經(jīng)……,但現(xiàn)在……(2)...inthepast,butnow...過去……,但現(xiàn)在……(3)Once...,butnow...曾經(jīng)……,但現(xiàn)在……(4)Thingsaredifferentnow.現(xiàn)在情況不同了。Butnow,everythinghaschanged.但現(xiàn)在,一切都改變了。請看高考范文中出現(xiàn)的句子：Wheretheplaygroundusedtobenowstandsanothernewbuilding—ourlibrary.以前的操場現(xiàn)在是另一棟新建筑,我們的圖書館。(2)IusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclassesaswellbutnowIhavemorefreetime.我以前周末也要上課并完成不計(jì)其數(shù)的作業(yè),但現(xiàn)在我有更多的自由支配的時(shí)間。(3)Myparentscontactedothersmainlybysendingthemlettersinthepast,butnowwemakelongdistancecallsathome.過去我的父母主要通過寫信與他人保持聯(lián)系,但現(xiàn)在我們在家就可以打長途電話。(4)Oncemyparentslistenedtotheradiofornewsandotherinformation,butnowwewatchthenewsandotherprogramsonTV.從前我的父母聽收音機(jī)了解時(shí)事資訊,但現(xiàn)在我們看電視新聞和其他節(jié)目。(5)Whentheygotmarriedabouttwentyyearsago,myparentslivedinasmallroomcrowdedwithfurniture,butnowwehavemovedintoabignewthree-roomapartment.大約20年前我父母結(jié)婚時(shí),他們居住在一間擠滿家具的小房間里,但現(xiàn)在我們已搬進(jìn)了一個(gè)新的三房的大公寓里。有時(shí)在指出變化的同時(shí)，還需簡單分析變化原因。如：Thereasonsforthesechangesarethatpeople’slivingstandardhasbeenimprovedgreatlyandtheypreferahigh-qualityandcolorfullife.這些改變的原因是人們的生活水平大幅提高,而且人們追求多彩的高質(zhì)量的生活。3.結(jié)尾常用句型。(1)Inshort,changesinourlifeinthepasttwentyyearshavebroughtuscomfortandconvenience.總之,過去20年里我們生活的變化給我們帶來了便利和舒適。(2)Inaword,peoplenowhaveaneasierlifetoday.總之,人們今天的生活比以前便利了。(3)Isuggestthegovernmenttakeimmediatemeasurestosolvetheproblemofpollutiontoimprovetheenvironment.我建議政府馬上采取措施解決污染問題,改善環(huán)境。三、語篇模板[總述變化]Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthewayofcommunicationinpeople’slifeinrecentyears.[事例對比]Inthepast,peoplekeptintouchwitheachothermainlybywritinglettersorusingpublictelephones,whichwasinconvenientandtookmuchtime.Butnowalmosteveryonehashisownmobilephoneandpeoplecancommunicatewitheachotheralmostatanyplaceandatanytime.What’smore,peoplehaveeasyaccesstotheInternet,whichenablesthemtosendandreceivee-mailswhenevertheylike.Withthesechanges,people’spaceoflifehasquickenedandpeople’sworkhasbeenmoreefficient.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練過去五十年，西藏發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化，請以“ChangesinTibet”為題，寫寫西藏的變化。昔（舊西藏）今（新西藏） 行（交通方式）沒有公路可以享受便利交通住（居住條件）沒有自己的住房住寬敞舒適的房子教育只有2%的孩子能上學(xué)98.2%的孩子有機(jī)會(huì)上學(xué)十一節(jié)日介紹一、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)日的介紹一般應(yīng)包括過節(jié)的時(shí)間、方式，有時(shí)還會(huì)說到節(jié)日的歷史和意義。因傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日是年年過的,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。二、句式模板1.TombSweepingDayusuallyfallsonApril4—6everyyear.清明節(jié)通常是每年的4月4—6號。2.TheChineseSpringFestivalcomesonthefirstdayoftheChineseLunarYear,whichisusuallyinFebruary.中國的春節(jié)是農(nóng)歷年的第1天,通常在2月份。3.It’sinthisspecialdaythatpeoplemournovertheirancestorsandremembertheirgreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofoursociety.就是在這個(gè)特別的日子,人們悼念他們的祖先和紀(jì)念他們?yōu)樯鐣?huì)的發(fā)展所作的貢獻(xiàn)。三、語篇模板主題:介紹端午節(jié)[時(shí)間]TheDragonBoatFestival,atraditionalChinesefestival,iscelebratedonthefifthdayofthefifthmonthaccordingtotheChinesecalendar.Itdatesfromover2000yearsago,whichfallsonJune6ththisyear.[方式]Onthisday,ChinesepeopleprepareZongzi—glutinous(粘黏的)ricedumplingswrappedinbambooleaves.Asthefestivalnameshows,peoplehavedragonboatracestocelebrateit,especiallyinthesouthernplaceswheretherearemanyriversandlakes.[意義]TheDragonBoatFestivalisinmemoryofQuYuan,agreatpoetofancientChina.相關(guān)短語fallon（某節(jié)日）在enjoygreatpopularity享有聲譽(yù)legalholiday法定假日enjoythefullmoon賞月sweepthetomb掃墓mournover/inmemoryof悼念visitrelativesandfriends走親訪友giveluckymoney給壓歲錢datefrom/backto自某個(gè)時(shí)代存在至今drownoneself投水自殺eatricedumplings吃粽子racedragonboats賽龍舟bemeanttodosth有意要/旨在做某事scarethefishesaway把魚嚇走五、超級仿寫[寫作內(nèi)容]請你寫一篇英文稿件，介紹中秋節(jié)及這個(gè)節(jié)日里的主要活動(dòng)。時(shí)間：中國農(nóng)歷8月15日時(shí)間：中國農(nóng)歷8月15日特點(diǎn)：（1）中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一，享有聲譽(yù)（2）無論多遠(yuǎn)和多忙，家人會(huì)回家團(tuán)圓慶祝（3）法定假日3天活動(dòng)：（1）家人團(tuán)聚；賞月、吃月餅（2）還有旅游、訪友等其他活動(dòng)任務(wù)型寫作摘要專題一記敘文的摘要寫作由于記敘文的要點(diǎn)并非十分集中，其摘要寫作主要抓住以下三點(diǎn)：1．串聯(lián)要素法。從記敘文的六要素入手，即找出原文中的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事情、起因和結(jié)果(when,where,who,what，whyandhow)，然后用自己的話將這六個(gè)要素串成一兩句話即可。2．轉(zhuǎn)述法——找出文中或段中的主題句和結(jié)論句，然后用自己的話來表達(dá)。3．移花接木法——在閱讀材料中找一些可以利用的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)等，再用自己的話來進(jìn)行闡釋，用以充實(shí)文章內(nèi)容，達(dá)到移花接木的效果，切勿抄襲原文。當(dāng)然，不一定每篇記敘文都包含這幾個(gè)要素，但“某人做了某事，結(jié)果如何”是應(yīng)當(dāng)包括的。因此，要寫好摘要，必須注意以下三方面：(1)找出文章的主人公；(2)主人公做過的核心事情；(3)故事的教訓(xùn)即故事的作者想要說明的道理或者這個(gè)故事給人們的啟示或教育。(夾敘夾議的文章)又或者是可以設(shè)置以下兩到三個(gè)問題來協(xié)助摘要寫作。(1)誰做了什么？(Whoisthemaincharacterandwhatdidhe/shedo？)(2)結(jié)果如何？(Whatwastheresult？)(3)說明了什么？(Whatdidthewritertrytotellus？)◎必備詞句記敘文摘要的開頭語(第一段開頭語)Fromthepassage,weknowthat...Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat...Thestory/passageisabout...Thewriter/authortellsusabout...Thestorymainlytellsusthat...速效模板：1.沒有寓意只有單純介紹時(shí)間的記敘文摘要要素：人物—事件—結(jié)果2.篇末有表示文章內(nèi)涵的記敘文摘要要素：人物—事件—結(jié)果—啟示專題二議論文的摘要寫作可以考慮從以下三方面入手：1．確定主題句。議論文的主題句一般在段首，對于沒有主題句的材料則需要自己組合。2．尋找關(guān)鍵詞(主題字眼)。關(guān)鍵詞一般體現(xiàn)為名詞、形容詞，而關(guān)鍵詞的數(shù)目決定了概括的信息濃度。3．重組主題句。概括的主題句邏輯上要統(tǒng)攝后面所有的支撐句，可以從作者的寫作目的逆推?！蜃⒁馐马?xiàng)1．抓住議論文的三要素：論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。2．抓住文章的主要信息點(diǎn)，剔除細(xì)節(jié)信息是寫摘要的基本要求。3．不能抄襲原文，要學(xué)會(huì)自己重組語句。只能用約30個(gè)詞◎必備詞句概括時(shí)常用的句式有：(1)Thisarticledealswith/discusses/analyzes/stronglyemphasizes...(2)Thisarticlenotonlydescribes...butalsosuggests...(3)Thisarticlecompares…andsummarizeskeyfindings...(4)Thisarticlegivesanaccountof/providesananalysisof/providesamethodof...(5)Thisarticlereportsthelastinformationon...(6)Theproblemofsth.isdiscussed...(7)Thisarticleshows/tellsusthat...(8)Theauthorfindsitnecessaryto...(9)Theauthorholdstheideathat...,givingitanexampleofsb.who...(10)Theauthorstronglyemphasizesthebenefitsofgettingupearlysuchas...速效模板：“主題句+支撐句”文章論點(diǎn)（1句）+文章論據(jù)（1句）+文章結(jié)論（1句）文章論點(diǎn)（1句）+文章論據(jù)（2~3句）專題三說明文的摘要寫作我們根據(jù)說明文的不同類型，分別給出三種參考模板：1．描寫某事物的性質(zhì)功用。即“對象＋性質(zhì)功用＋利弊”：Inthepassage,thewriterintroduces...(對象)tous,especiallyits...(性質(zhì)或功用),fromwhichweknow...(對象帶來的利弊)．2．針對某個(gè)問題提出解決方法或措施。即“問題＋解決方法”：Thepassagetellsus...(問題)，including...(方法1)，...(方法2)and...(方法3)．3．介紹某現(xiàn)象及其原因和結(jié)果。即“現(xiàn)象＋原因＋結(jié)果”：Theauthor/writersaid/talksabout...(現(xiàn)象)of...,because/but...(原因/本質(zhì)1)，and...(原因/本質(zhì)2)．◎必備詞句說明文摘要寫作模板1．現(xiàn)象揭示類：Thisarticlepointsoutthecommonphenomenon...(主題),which...(補(bǔ)充解釋)2．利弊對比類：Thearticlecomparesthedisadvantages/benefitsofAandB．A...whileB．..Thepassagediscussestheimpact(影響)ofsth.Onthepositiveside...,butitmayalso...3．研究顯示類：Thestudyreveals(揭露)that...\Thepurposeofthereportistoshowthat...速效模板：社會(huì)現(xiàn)象2.原因第二部分寫作指導(dǎo)一記敘文型讀寫任務(wù)一、寫作指導(dǎo)（要緊扣“就。。。。。。為題”）1．故事性的短文概括應(yīng)圍繞“什么人、發(fā)生了什么事、結(jié)局如何”來寫，即闡述一個(gè)故事梗概，忌力陳細(xì)節(jié)，忌摻入個(gè)人評價(jià)。2．考慮概括內(nèi)容與你所寫故事之間的自然承接，可采用以下的承接方式：Thisstoryremindsmeofanotherstorythathappenedto...Ialsowentthroughsuchanexperience.3．簡述相似經(jīng)歷，即與原閱讀材料的故事一樣能揭示同一主題思想而不同情節(jié)的故事。4．閱讀原材料和寫出概括以后，我們可以擬定題目，確定主題，挑選一個(gè)類似的能說明主題思想的故事。5．在組織故事時(shí)，可以簡單列出要點(diǎn)，有利于我們選擇短語、句型和相關(guān)的連接詞。6．寫完故事后，應(yīng)把你所寫的故事和原材料的故事所揭示的主題思想用一兩句話寫出來，即篇末點(diǎn)題?！蜃⒁馐马?xiàng)1.以主題句點(diǎn)明觀點(diǎn)，段落的第一句要開門見山，明確表明個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，點(diǎn)明主題，不可搖擺不定，似是而非。2．段落的發(fā)展句要以主題句為中心，對主題句提出的主題內(nèi)容給予發(fā)揮、論證、支持或者說明，與主題句要有一定的一致性、支持性，切忌跑題。3．在組織故事時(shí)，用簡練的語言把故事過程寫清楚。4．以結(jié)尾句強(qiáng)化主題，給讀者留下啟示和深刻印象?！虮貍湓~句摘要與正文之間常用的過渡語：1．Thisstoryremindsmeofanotherstorythathappenedto...2．Thisstoryremindsmeofasimilarexperienceof...3．Ialsowentthroughsuchanexperience.4．Ialsohaveasimilarexperiencethat...5．Ihaveasimilarexperienceas...6．Theauthor'sexperiencerecallssomethingthathappenedtome.7．Readingthisstorybroughtbackmymemoryabout...二、速效模板標(biāo)題（有時(shí)不一定要求擬標(biāo)題）第一段：用一兩句話概括所給短文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，約30個(gè)詞。建議控制在25~30個(gè)詞之間。第二段：記敘文過渡詞+與閱讀文章主題相同但情節(jié)不同的故事，約100個(gè)詞。第三段：即總結(jié)句，套用名言來進(jìn)行點(diǎn)題，要前后呼應(yīng)，三位一體，約30個(gè)詞。三、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練【寫作內(nèi)容】1．以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)；2．然后以約120個(gè)詞寫一篇記敘文，描寫你認(rèn)識到耐心的重要性的一次經(jīng)歷，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：(1)敘述你認(rèn)識到耐心的重要性的一次真實(shí)或虛構(gòu)的經(jīng)歷；(2)你是如何認(rèn)識到耐心的重要性的；(3)耐心對你的生活、學(xué)習(xí)有什么影響。二議論文型讀寫任務(wù)寫作指導(dǎo)1．審讀閱讀材料(尋找作者的觀點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論)。2．概括原文的觀點(diǎn)(轉(zhuǎn)述作者的觀點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論)。3．提出自己的觀點(diǎn)(贊成或反對)。4．論證自己的觀點(diǎn)(用事例論證自己的觀點(diǎn))。5．結(jié)論?！蜃⒁馐马?xiàng)1．發(fā)表看法或議論時(shí)，依照試題所給內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)本身的順序，原則上每個(gè)要點(diǎn)單獨(dú)寫一個(gè)自然段，這不但保證寫作內(nèi)容覆蓋了所有寫作點(diǎn)，而且層次清晰，讓閱卷老師一目了然；若其中兩條邏輯關(guān)系特別緊密，也可用一個(gè)自然段來表達(dá)。2．確立觀點(diǎn)，實(shí)施論證：首先要定好自己的觀點(diǎn)，不一定是自己本來持有的觀點(diǎn)，主要是看文章怎么好寫就怎樣立論。◎必備詞句1．摘要后過渡語：(1)表示贊同：①Idoagreewiththeauthor...我非常贊同作者的觀點(diǎn)…….②Iquite/totallyagreewiththewriter.我非常贊同作者的觀點(diǎn)。③I'mforthewriter'sideathat...我贊成作者的觀點(diǎn)……④Ifullyagreewiththestatementthat...because/for...我完全贊成這種說法……因?yàn)椤軮fullysupportthestatementabovebecauseIamverysure...我完全支持上述這種觀點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槲蚁嘈拧轎can'tagreemorewithwhatthewritersaid.我完全同意作者的觀點(diǎn)。⑦Isharethesameideawiththewriter.我的觀點(diǎn)與作者相同。(2)表示不贊同：①Idon'tagreewiththewriter.我不贊同作者的觀點(diǎn)。②I'mstronglyagainstthewriter'sidea.我強(qiáng)烈反對作者的看法。③Ipartlyagreewithwhatthewritersaid.我部分贊同作者的觀點(diǎn)。④Insomeway,Iagreewith...,but...在某種程度上，我贊成……但是……⑤Whatthewritersaidsoundsreasonable，but...作者所說的聽起來有道理，但是……⑥Somepeopleargueasifitisageneraltruththat...Buttobefrank,Icannotagreewiththem.有人認(rèn)為……好像是一個(gè)普遍事實(shí)。但是坦率地說，我并不贊成。2．表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)：①Asforme，...對于我來說，……②Inmyopinion，...在我看來，……③AsfarasIamconcerned，...就我而言，……④Frommypointofview...在我的觀點(diǎn)看來，……⑤Iholdtheview/beliefthat...我的觀點(diǎn)是……⑥Personally,Ibelievethat...就本人而言，我相信……⑦Accordingtomyexperience,Ithinkthat...根據(jù)我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)看來，我認(rèn)為……3．列舉理由、原因、措施、建議、方法等時(shí)，需要用到以下表達(dá)：①Ontheonehand，...Ontheotherhand，...一方面……另一方面……②Foronething，...Foranother...一則……二則……③Tobeginwith/Firstofall/First(ly)，...Second(ly),...Besides/Furthermore/What'smore，...Finally/Lastbutnotleast...首先……其次……此外/而且……最后……4．常用表示總結(jié)的表達(dá)。①Tosumup/Inshort/Inconclusion/Inaword/Allinall，...總之，……②Takingallthefactorsintoaccount,wecandrawaconclusionthat...考慮到以上因素，我們可以得出這樣的結(jié)論：……③Fromthediscussionabove,itcanbesafelyconcludedthat...根據(jù)以上討論，可以得出如下結(jié)論：……④Fromwhatismentionedabove,weknow...依上所述，我們知道……⑤Tobebrief,weshouldbeawareoftheimportanceof...總之，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)明白……的重要性。⑥Therefore,itisnecessaryforusto...因此，我們有必要……⑦Only/inthisway/whenwe...canwe...只有用這種方法/當(dāng)……時(shí)，我們才能……議論文的框架.2．利弊型的議論文。Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)作文題目．Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin題目議題．Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,優(yōu)點(diǎn)一．Andsecondly優(yōu)點(diǎn)二．JustAsapopularsayinggoes,“everycoinhastwosides”，討論議題isnoexception,andinanotherword,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,缺點(diǎn)一．Inaddition，缺點(diǎn)二．Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof討論議題intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinitelymakeabetteruseofthe討論議題．4．諺語警句性議論文。Itiswellknowtousthattheproverb：“諺語”hasaprofoundsignificanceandvaluenotonlyinourjobbutalsoinourstudy.Itmeans諺語的含義．Thesayingcanbeillustratedthroughaseriesofexamplesasfollows.Acaseinpointis例子一．Therefore,itisgoeswithoutsayingthatitisofgreatofimportancetopracticetheproverb諺語．WiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinChina,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealizethatitisalsoofpracticalusetosticktothesaying：諺語．Themoreweareawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.二、速效模板1.標(biāo)題（有時(shí)不一定要求擬標(biāo)題）2.第一段：用一兩句話概括所給短文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，約30個(gè)詞。建議控制在25~30個(gè)詞之間。3.第二段：議論文過渡詞引出主題句自己的觀點(diǎn)例證，約100個(gè)詞。4.第三段：即總結(jié)句，套用名言來進(jìn)行點(diǎn)題，要前后呼應(yīng)，三位一體，約30個(gè)詞。三、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練【寫作內(nèi)容】2．然后以約120個(gè)詞就“你如何看待壓力”的主題發(fā)表看法，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：①你是如何看待壓力的？②在你的學(xué)習(xí)或生活中壓力是否大？如何正視壓力？專題三夾敘夾議型讀寫任務(wù)【寫作指導(dǎo)】◎必備詞句常用的過渡性句子。1．Myownexperienceisagoodexampleof...2．Hereisacaseinpoint.3．Take...forexample/forinstance.4．Wemaytakeacommon/typicalexampleof...5．History/Oursocietyisfilledwiththeexamplesof...6．Thestoryisnotunusual.ItisoneofmanyexamplesI'veeverheard/read/encountered.7．Therefore,Ibelievedthat...8．FromwhatIhavementionedabove,wecanfirmlydrawtheconclusionthat...9．Thereisnodoubtthat...Take...forexample.Besides,...Furthermore,...實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練【寫作內(nèi)容】1．以大約30個(gè)詞概括短文的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)；2．以大約120個(gè)詞談?wù)勎⑿θ藗兊那楦谢蛐袨榈挠绊懀瑑?nèi)容包括：(1)你是如何看待微笑的作用的；(2)談?wù)勀闼?jīng)歷的讓你最感動(dòng)或最難忘的一次微笑；(3)你對微笑的感悟。專題四說明文型讀寫任務(wù)【寫作指導(dǎo)】1．說明文，通常會(huì)有中心句，寫概要時(shí)要注意要找出中心句，抓住關(guān)鍵句(主題句即中心句)，通常在文章第一段和各段第一句，然后用自己的話重組文章的信息。2．對現(xiàn)象分析型說明文，要找出“現(xiàn)象”、“造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因”、“解決這種現(xiàn)象或問題的措施或建議”。3．人稱多為第一人稱，主體部分時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，可能涉及到現(xiàn)在的要用一般過去式和其他時(shí)態(tài)。4．說明文框架結(jié)構(gòu)一般為：概括—提出主題—分析說明主題—點(diǎn)明主題。◎必備詞句說明原因型作文的框架。模版1Nowadays，therearemoreandmore××insomebigcities.Itisestimatedthat(1)．Whyhavetherebeensomany××?Maybethereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Thefirstoneisthat（2）Besides,(3)．Thethirdreasonis(4)．Tosumup,themaincauseof××isdueto(5)．Itishightimethatsomethingweredoneuponit.Foronething,(6)．Ontheotherhand,(7)．Allthesemeasureswillcertainlyreducethenumberof××.寫作步驟：(1)用具體數(shù)據(jù)說明××現(xiàn)象；(2)原因一；(3)原因二；(4)原因三(5)指出主要原因；(6)解決建議一；(7)解決建議二。模版2Thesedaysweoftenhearthat(1)．Itiscommonthat(2)．Whydoessuchcircumstanceoccurinspiteofsocialprotects?Foronething,(3)．Foranother,(4)．Whatismore,since(5),itisnaturalthat(6)．Tosolvetheproblemisnoteasyatall,butisworthtrying.Weshoulddosomethingsuchas+(7doing)toimprovethepresentsituation,andIdobelieveeverythingwillbebetterinthefuture.寫作步驟(1)提出論題；(2)說明現(xiàn)狀；(3)理由一(4)理由二；(5)理由三；(6)理由三引起的后果；(7)解決方法?！舅傩０濉?.概括（摘要）2.提出主題（現(xiàn)象）。3.說明（分析）原因4.點(diǎn)明主題。熱點(diǎn)話題(一)Thestaffaskedtheirboss,“Whyareyousmilingeveryday?Whatareyouhappyabout?Doeseverythinggoeswellwithyouandourcompany?Doesthecompanymakeaprofitdaily?”“Youarewrong.Ismilenotbecauseofthecompany’sprofit,”thebosssaidwithnodoubt,“Itisconfidencethatteachesmetosmileatlife.Iamconfidenteveryday,soIcandoitbetter,andIwilldomuchbetter.Itisjustbecauseholdingsuchastrongbeliefinmind,Ihavenotbeendefeated,despitetherepeatedupsanddownsofthecompanyinthepast.Ithasdevelopedintothebrilliantgroupcompanyfromasmallrepairprocessingmill.Themarketdoesnotbelievetears,andcompetitionneverpitiestheweak.IfIhadnoconfidenceinmyselfandinwhatIdo,otherpeoplewouldnotbelieveinme.Thenhowcandobusinesswithothers?”Self-confidenceisthebackbone（支柱）oflifesupportingus.Losingit,eachofusisjustlikeaweakbody;holdingit,eventhoughweareintheflesh(雖是血肉之軀）,wewillbeincrediblystrong.【寫作內(nèi)容】1. 以約個(gè)詞概括這段短文的內(nèi)容；2.然后以約個(gè)詞就的話題進(jìn)行寫作，內(nèi)容包括：(1)什么是自信；(2)自信在人們學(xué)習(xí)，生活，工作和交往中的作用；(3)舉例說明自信助你成功是故事。(二)Scientistsfindthathard-workingpeoplelivelongerthanaveragemenandwomen.Careerwomenarehealthierthanhousewives.Evidenceshowsthatthejoblessareinpoorerhealththanthejob-holders.Astudyshowsthatwhenevertheemploymentrateincreasesby1%,thedeathrateincreasecorrespondingly(相應(yīng)地)by2%.Allthiscomesdowntoonepoint:workishelpfultohealth.Whyisworkgoodforhealth?Itisbecauseworkkeepspeoplebusy,awayfromloneliness.Researchesshowthatpeoplefeelunhappy,worriedandlonelywhentheyhavenothingtodo.Instead,thehappiestarethosewhoarebusy.Workservesasabridgebetweenmanandreality.Bywork,peoplecomeintocontactwitheachother.Bycollectiveactivities,theyfindfriendshipandwarmth.Thisishelpfultohealth.Thelossofworkmeansthelossofeverything.Itaffectsmanspirituallyandmakeshimlikelytodisease.Besides,workgivesoneasenseoffulfillmentandasenseofachievement.Workmakesonefeelhisvalueandstatusinsociety.Whenawriterfinisheshiswritingorteacherseeshisstudentsgrow,theyarehappybeyondwords.[寫作內(nèi)容]1)以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)；2)然后以約120個(gè)詞就“努力學(xué)習(xí)，快樂生活”的主題發(fā)表看法，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：a)你贊同“努力學(xué)習(xí)也可以快樂生活”這一觀點(diǎn)嗎？為什么？b)舉例說明你的同學(xué)是如何努力學(xué)習(xí)并保持健康樂觀的心態(tài)的？c)簡述如何才能做到努力學(xué)習(xí)并快樂生活？（三）Aboutfortyyearsago,IwasaninstructorinthemilitarycollegeatWoolwich,whenyoungScoresbywasgivenhisfirstexamination.Ifeltextremelysorryforhim.Everybodyansweredthequestionswell,intelligently,whilehedidnotknowanything,sotospeak.Hewasanice,pleasantyoungman.Itwaspainfultoseehimstandthereandgiveanswersthatwerewondersofstupidity.Iknewofcoursethatwhenexaminedagainhewouldfailandbethrownout.So,Isaidtomyself,itwouldbeasimple,harmlessacttohelphimasmuchasIcould.ItookhimasideandfoundheknewalittleaboutJuliusCesar’shistory.Buthedidnotknowanythingelse.So,Itestedhimandworkedhimlikeaslave.Imadehimwork,overandoveragain,onafewquestionsabout,whichIknewhewouldbeasked.Hecamethroughverywellonthedayoftheexamination.Hegothighpraisetoo,whileotherswhoknewathousandmorethanheweresharplycriticized!Ithoughtthatwhatintheendwoulddestroyhimwouldbethemathematicsexamination.Idecidedtomakehisendaspainlessaspossible.So,Ipushedfactsintohisstupidheadforhours.Finally,however,Iwasshockedoutofmymind.Hetookthefirstprize!Andhegotthehighestpraise.[寫作內(nèi)容]1)以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)；2)然后以約120個(gè)詞寫一篇記敘文，描寫你或你的親友通過勤奮創(chuàng)造奇跡的經(jīng)歷，并包括如下的要點(diǎn)：a)敘述你或你的親友通過勤奮創(chuàng)造奇跡的一次真實(shí)或虛構(gòu)的經(jīng)歷；b)你或你親友的是如何創(chuàng)造奇跡的；c)別人對你或你親友的評價(jià)。（四）Onemorning,MrHarewasrunningontheroad.SuddenlyhesawMrTortoise,whowasalsorunningontheroadtowardshim.MrHareranuptoMrTortoiseandlaughedathim.MrTortoisegotangryandwouldn'ttakefailurelyingdown,sohesuggestedhavingaracetoseewhocouldfirstgettothebigtalltreebytheroadsides.MrHareagreedwithhimwithouthesitation.Theracebegan.MrHareandMrtortoisestartedfromthesamelineatthesametime.WhenMrHarewasfaraheadofMrTortoiseandevencouldn'tseeMrTortoise,hethoughtthatMrTortoisefellbehindandcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.Sohestoppedandlaydowntohaveanap.Butsoonhefellasleep.Atthesametime,MrTortoisekeptonrunningandrunning.WhenMrHarewokeup,hefoundMrTortoisehadalreadysatunderthetreeandwassmilingathim![寫作內(nèi)容]1)以大約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)；2)以大約120個(gè)詞寫一篇記敘文，描寫你或你的朋友因驕傲而落后的一次經(jīng)歷，并包含以下內(nèi)容：a)談?wù)勥@則故事給人們的啟示；b)敘述你或你的朋友因驕傲而落后的一次真實(shí)或虛構(gòu)的經(jīng)歷；c)談?wù)勥@次經(jīng)歷對你或你的朋友思想態(tài)度的影響。（五）以約120個(gè)詞就“虛心使人進(jìn)步，驕傲使人落后(Modestyhelpsonegoforward,whereasconceitmakesonefallbehind)”進(jìn)行議論，內(nèi)容包括：你是否贊同上述觀點(diǎn),為什么?你今后應(yīng)當(dāng)如何做。基礎(chǔ)寫作參考范文一采訪類AccordingtoMrWang,slightlymorethanhalfoftheseniormiddleschoolstudents’Englishhandwritingareverypoor,andabout45%ofthemcannotspellwordscorrectlyalthoughtheyareabletospeak.Healsopointedoutthatthecausesofspellingproblemsarethattherearenospecificwordspellingtestsinexams,andthereisnoenoughtraining.Worsestill,studentsarelazyto/unwillingtomemorizeEnglishwords.Hesuggestedthatweshouldraisetheawarenessandlaygreatemphasisonthat.Aboveall,weshouldmasterskillswhilewearetrainingourselves.二調(diào)查類Recentlywemadeasurveyamong368middleschoolstudentsonhowtheyspentSpringFestival.30%ofthemsaidtheyspentmostoftheirtimewiththeirparentsvisitingrelativesandfriendswhile25%wenttravelingwithclassmatesorparents.45%ofallthosewhoweresurveyedindicatedthattheyjuststayedathometodohomework.WhenaskedhowtheyfeltabouttheSpringFestival,mostofthemsaidtheyenjoyeditbecauseoftheholidayandluckymoneytheygot,butsomefeltunhappybecausetheamountofhomeworktheyweregivenleftthemlittletimeforfunactivities.Manystudentsexpressedthehopethatnextyeartheywouldhavelesshomeworkandmorefreetime.三討論（正反觀點(diǎn)）類RecentlythelocalgovernmenthasdecidedtobroadensomenarrowroadstobuildBRT,whichhascausedaheateddiscussionamongthelocalpeople.Someagreethatweshouldcarryouttheconstructionprojectbecauseitcansolvesometrafficproblemsandmakeourlifeconvenientandcomfortable.Besides,ithelpspromotetheeconomyandimprovepeople’slivingenvironmentaswellastheimageofShantouasamoderntouristcityinthesoutheastofGuangdongprovince.Butothersbelievethattheconstructionworkmaycauseairpollutionandtrafficjamsmayappearnowandthen.What’sworse,thepeoplewhoareagainsttheconstructionthinkthatthenoiseproducedbytheworkwilldisturbpeople’speacefullife.四通知公告Tohelpstudentslearnmoreaboutthecomputer,ourStudents'UnionhasinvitedProfessorLifromtheComputerDepartmentofGuangzhouUniversitytogiveusalectureat2pm.on20thApril.ProfessorLiwillgiveusatalkontheuseofthecomputerandhowtotakeadvantageoftheInternet.Thelecturewillbeheldonthethirdflooroftheschoollibrary.Anycomputer－loveriswelcometoattendthelecture.Pleasepreparesomequestionsincomputerlearning,whichwillbeansweredbyprofessorduringthelecture.Youwillbenefitfromthelectureandpleasebeontime.That'sall.Thankyou.五求職招聘（一）AnEditorWantedWearelookingforaneditorforourschoolnewspaper.Thejobwillmainlyinvolveselectingarticlesfromstudentsinourschoolandeditingthemforuse.Theapplicantsmustbewillingtodevotesomeofhis/hersparetimetoserveourschoolandgoodatChinese,fineartsandcomputer.Whoeverisinterestedinthejob,pleasegetintouchwiththeStudents’Unionassoonaspossible.ThedeadlineisOctober20th,2012.（二）IwouldliketoserveasavolunteerforthecomingWinterAsianGames.②Iama17-year-oldSeniorThreestudentatNo.23HighSchool.③IbelieveIwoulddoagoodjobattheGames,becauseIamnotonlygoodatEnglishandenjoytalkingwithforeigners,butalsoIappreciatesportsandknowthecityverywell.What’smore,I’msoreadytooffermyhelpwheneverneededthatIcaneasilygetalongwithothers.ImakeapromisethatifIweretobechosenasayouthvolunteer,IwouldofferthebestservicepossibletothepeopleattheGames.六招領(lǐng)啟事Atabout5:00pmonMay19,2010,IfoundawhiteAdidasschoolbagonthefootballfieldwhenIwasrunningthere.Tobespecific,thebagismadeofcanvas,insidewhichyoucanfindaLongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish,anumbrellaaswellasabunchofkeys.Ihopetofindouttheownerassoonaspossible,soifyouaretheveryone,pleasecallmearcometomydormitory,Room212,BuildingC,whichislocatedtothesouthofourcanteen.Iwillbeavailableat12:00amorafter10:30pmeverydayoryoucanalsocontactmebyemailingmeatzp@.Lastbutnotleast,IwouldliketoremindyouthatIwillonlykeepituntilJune9.八人物介紹CharlesDickens,afamousnovelistofEngland,wasborninFebruary,1812andpassedawayinJune,1870.Whenhewasyoung,hisfamilylivedinpovertyandthereforehewasforcedtoworkinthefactory.Later,hedevelopedinterestinwritingandcameupwithmanynovelswhichshowedthepoorsituationoftheinferiorgroup.Deeplyaffectedbyhischildhoodexperiences,herevealedthedarknessandunfairnessofthesocietyofhistimeinhisworks.Manyofhisworks,whichhavebeentranslatedintoChineseorevenbeenadaptedintofilms,arewarmlywelcomedbythepublic.九地點(diǎn)介紹（一）Zhuhai,lyinginthesouthwestofthePearlRiverDelta,isabeautifulandmodemseasidecity.Itcoversatotalareaof7,640squarekilometreswithapopulationofabout1.25million.Zhuhaihasasubtropicalclimatewithsunshineandrainfallalltheyearround,andtemperaturerangesfrom10℃inwinterto35℃insummer.Economically,itisoneofthefastestgrowingcitiesinChinabecauseofitsSpecialEconomicZonestatus,superblocationandclosenesstoHongKongandMacau.BeingoneofChina’scleanestandprettiestcities,itisnowonderthatZhuhaihasthereputationofagardencityandamodelcitybecauseofitsattractiveenvironmentandnaturallandscapes.（二）Locatedonthefirstfloorofthelibrary,theSchoolExhibitionHall,whichcoversanareaofabout300squaremeters,hasahistoryofmorethanfortyyears.Withvarietiesofformslikewords,pictures,realobjects,videosandsoon,itgivesusabirdviewofthedevelopmentofourschoolsince1942.Herewecanfindbriefintroductionstoheadmastersofallterms,andtheprizesgotbyoutstandingstudentsandteachers.Ithasalsowitnessedtheadvancedteachingconceptsandproudachievements.TheHallisagreatplaceforustoseethelonghistoryandrichcultureofourschool，whichencouragesustostudyharder,begratefultoourschoolandserveourmotherland.十今昔對比ChangesinTibetGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinTibetinthepastfiftyyears.Therewasnoroadinthepast,butnowthepeopleinTibetcanenjoyconvenienttransportation.Once,peopletheredidn’thavetheirownhouses,butnowtheycanliveinspaciousandcomfortablehouses.What’smore,only2%ofthechildrencouldgotoschoolinthepast,butnow98.2%ofthechildrencanattendschools.Inshort,greatchangesinTibethavebroughttheTibetanamoreconvenientlife.AnothersampleGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinTibetinthepastfiftyyears.Inthepast,thepeopletheredidn’thavetheirownhousesandthereusedtobenoroadsandonly2%ofthechildrencouldattendschool.Butnow,notonlycanweliveinspaciousandcomfortablehouses,butalsowecanenjoyconvenienttransportation.What’smore,nearlyallofushavethechancetogotoschoolnow.Inshort,greatchangesinTibethavebroughttheTibetanamoreconvenientlife.十一節(jié)日介紹TheMid-autumnFestival,oneofthetraditionalChinesefestivals,fallsonthe15thoftheeightmonthofourChineselunarcalendarandithasbeenenjoyinggreatpopularityinourcountry.Usually,nomatterhowfarawayorhowbusypeopleare,theywilltrytocomehomeforthecelebrationwiththreedaysoflegalholiday.Themoonthatnightlooksthebrightestinthewholelunarmonthsowhatwelovemostisthetimeweenjoythefullmoontogether.Withthebeautifulmoonupinthesky,wesittogetherandeatmooncakesandfruit,sharingourstories.Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivities,wehaveawiderrangeofchoices,suchastravelingandvisitingourrelativesorfri