賓語(yǔ)從句講解,練習(xí)及答案

賓語(yǔ)從句講解,練習(xí)及答案賓語(yǔ)從句講解,練習(xí)及答案賓語(yǔ)從句講解,練習(xí)及答案賓語(yǔ)從句講解,練習(xí)及答案編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:賓語(yǔ)從句一、基本講解1.概念:在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句可作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可做介詞的賓語(yǔ)。eg.Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介詞賓語(yǔ))2.連接詞(1)陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用that,口語(yǔ)中常常省略。eg.Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.(2)以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句同樣是陳述語(yǔ)序eg.Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。a.當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只用whether不用ifeg.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.b.引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或not連用時(shí)，只用whether.eg.Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Couldyoutellmewhethertogoornotc.if當(dāng)”如果”講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)不能用whether.(3).特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞；引導(dǎo)詞后要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou特殊情況：當(dāng)doyouthink后接特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)詞＋doyouthink＋陳述句語(yǔ)序。3.賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)a.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，從句不受主句的限制，根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。例如：Doyouknow（if/whetherhehasseenthefilm）b.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句要用過去時(shí)的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。例如：Ididn'tknow（if/whetherhehadseenthefilm.）注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象，科學(xué)原理，格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：Hesaid（thattheearthmovesroundthesun.）Theteachertoldus（thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.）4.人稱的變化和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的使用a.從句的主語(yǔ)如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句則與主句的主語(yǔ)一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語(yǔ)一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。如：(一主二賓三不變)①“MayIuseyourknife”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.②“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.b.賓語(yǔ)從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號(hào)；主句是疑問句，用問號(hào)。如：WhowillgiveusatalkIdon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.DoyouknowWheredoeshelive→Doyouknowwherehelives二、賓語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化1.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主語(yǔ)與從句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面帶特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，主從句的主語(yǔ)也須一致這時(shí)從句可以簡(jiǎn)化成“疑問詞＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如：Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.3.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask，tell,show,teach等后面帶雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)一致，且從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化來時(shí)，從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問詞＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”,或者在連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)或間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“連接代詞/副詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark4.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是find，see，watch，hear等感官動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句常簡(jiǎn)化為“賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.賓語(yǔ)從句小口訣：賓語(yǔ)從句三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)序引導(dǎo)詞；主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句不需受限制；主句一般過去時(shí)，從句須用相應(yīng)時(shí)；陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引，一般疑問句用if/whether,特殊問句疑問詞，引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。初中賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)習(xí)題鞏固練習(xí)()1.Haveyoudecided________forAustraliaA.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleaveC.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave()2.Canyoutellme_________A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives()3.Theoldmanaskedme________.A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinemaC.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema()think_______youwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how()5.Ididn’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.how()6.Iwonder_________.A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescostC.howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost()7.Sheaskedme_________.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoisheD.whoheis()8.Askhim___.A.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecupD.whoseisthiscup()9.Idon’tknow_________.A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovieC.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts()10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong________.A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeenill()11.Theweatherforecastdoesn’tsay_________.A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrowC.ifitwillraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrow()12.Doyouknow_________A.whosepenisthisB.whosepenthisisC.whomdoesthepenbelongtoD.whomthepenbelongto()13.Couldyoutellmewhere_________A.thetapewasB.wasthetapeC.thetapeisD.isthetape()14.Theywanttoknow_________A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyouC.whenthetrainwillleaveD.whyistheboycrying()15.Tonywantedtoknow_________.A.whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstockingB.whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingC.whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingD.whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking()16.Nooneknows___theprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.A.whenB.whetherC.whereD.if()17.Julydidn’tknow_________.A.whereisTim’sfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmadeC.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatch()18.Noonetoldus_________,soweneedyourhelp.A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.whattodoD.whatshouldwedo()19.Wedon’tknow_________withtherubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.A.howdoitB.howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo()20.Heaskedme_________.A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyB.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyC.whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundoutD.whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney()21.Didyouhear______A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.IsaidwhatD.whatIsay()22.Canyoutellme________A.whichclassyouareinB.whichclassareyouinC.youareinwhichclassD.areyouinwhichclass()23.---Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_______---Certainly.A.whencanIgettothestationB.IcangettowhichstationC.whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestation()24.Couldyoutellmewhere_______yesterdayA.didyougoB.yougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent()25.Tomaskedme________.A.whoseshirtwasthisB.whoseshirtthiswasC.whoshirtwasthisD.whoshirtthiswas()26.Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______A.where’stheteachers’officeB.where’sthebusstationC.what’sshedoingD.wherethepostofficeis()27.IwanttoseeMrs.Wang,butIdon’tknow_______.A.sheliveswhereB.shewherelivesC.whereshelivesD.wheredoesshelive()28.---GoandaskMr.Whiteforhelp.---ButIdon’tknow_______.A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelivesC.whereishelivingD.helivesthere()29.---Canyoutellme______---Yes,helivesinasmalltown.A.wherehelivesB.whoissingingC.whenhewillleaveD.whathesaid()30.Haveyoudecided______forLondonA.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleaveC.whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing()31.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______ourticketsA.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC.wheredidweshowD.whereweshallshow()32.---Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood---Weareallinterestedin______.A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.HoweggfriesD.howdoeseggfry()33.Doyouknow_______A.whatitisB.whatisitC.whoisheD.whosenameisit()34.Doyouknow_______A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC.thisbookiswhoseD.who’sbookthisis()35.Idon’tknow______now.A.whereismycatB.mycatiswhereC.wheremycatisD.wheremycat()36.Doesheknow______A.what’syournameB.whatnameisyourC.whatyourisnameD.whatyournameis()37.Doyouknow______A.whichfloorhelivesB.whichfloorhelivesonC.helivesonwhichfloorD.whichfloordoesheliveson()38.Tellmewhere____A.isthehospitalB.thehospitalisC.ishospitalD.hospitalis()39.Hehasn’tdecided_______.A.ifhe’llgoonatriptoWuxiB.whenwillhegoonatriptoWuxiC.ifhegoesonatriptoWuxiD.whendoeshegoonatriptoWuxi()40.Canyousee________A.whathe’sreadingB.whatishereadingC.whatdoeshereadD.hereadswhat賓語(yǔ)從句鞏固練習(xí)參考答案1.參考答案D你決定什么時(shí)候去澳大利亞了嗎賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。2.參考答案D賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，where作從句的賓語(yǔ)。3.參考答案C賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，where表示地點(diǎn)。4.參考答案Aif表示選擇，我想你是否將喜歡他。5.參考答案B有ornot，所以用whether.6.參考答案C賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序.7.參考答案A賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序,who作從句的賓語(yǔ)。8.參考答案Awhose是所有格，所以后面要有一個(gè)名詞，整體做從句的賓語(yǔ)。9.參考答案A賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。10.參考答案D主句是過去時(shí)，從句也要用過去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)，醫(yī)生問我之前我已經(jīng)病了，所以用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。11.參考答案Cif連接賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。12.參考答案Bwhose是所有格，所以后面要有一個(gè)名詞，整體做從句的賓語(yǔ)。13.參考答案C賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。14.參考答案C賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，時(shí)態(tài)不受限制。15.參考答案C主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句要用過去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)，因?yàn)槭フQ老人是之前就把禮物放進(jìn)襪子里了，所以用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。16.參考答案B有ornot就用whether.17.參考答案D賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序,主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句要用過去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。18.參考答案B沒有人告訴我們應(yīng)該做什么，所以我們需要你的幫助。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，如果選B就是沒有人做什么，us后面是賓語(yǔ)從句，而us是賓格不能作從句的主