北京市海淀區(qū)2022屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語Word版含答案

海淀區(qū)2021-2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期末練習(xí)高三英語（答案在最后）2022.05本試卷共10頁，100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一局部知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Mygrandfatherwasawriterofmanybooks.Asachildandateenager,!wrote1tryingtobeanauthorlikehim.WhenI2myfirstbookjwasnotsureifIshouldthrowitouttotheworldorshelteritforever.That'swhyIwenttograndpathatnight,myfaithfulreader,whoonceagaingavemetremendous3.“Didyoubringthebook?IheardyoutalkaboutitandIcan'twaittoseeyour4.“Ohyeah,thebook.Icompletedityesterday,"Ihandedhimthedraft,“butIdonftthinkit'sthatgood...”Heturnedtoarandompageand5moreofthepages.nWhydoyouthinkthisisn'tgood?Itlooksfinetome.Veryheart-warming.”“Well,Pmnotsure.Itcouldbebetterthanitisnow.”“Youcan'texpectforthebooktobe6.Writingisaskillthattakestime.Youalreadyfinishedthestory,andnowyouhaveto7otherswhatyou'vegot,nhepassedthebookbacktome.nIfpeopledon'tlikeit,thenwriteagain.Criticismisimportant,butyouaregoingtohavetokeeponwritingtillyouare8withyourwork.”nIsthathowyoubecameawriter?”“Yes,andeveryotherwriterbeforeme.Youhavetostartfromthe9andthenreachthetop.”Ifinallybrokeoutintoasmileandhedidtoo.Ilookedcarefullyatthebookonemoretime.Thepagesboundtogethergavemehopeforthefuture.Thatsettledit.Iwasgoingtohaveto10myselfandletothersseemywork.Formeandformygrandpa.1.A.fastB.wellC.nonstopD.little2.A.polishedB.finishedC.deletedD.published3.A.tasksB.pressureC?rewardsD.inspiration4.A.progressB.styleC.commentD.reaction5.A.copiedB?wroteC.scannedD.edited6.A.perfectB.uniqueC.complexD.practical7.A.sendB.showC?teachD.sell8.A.contentB.strictC.patientD.exhausted9.A.endB.failureC.bottomD.criticism10.A.giveupB.countonC.lookafterD.getover第二節(jié)（共10小題；每題L5分，共15分）參考答案第一局部知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每題1.5分，共15分）.C2.B3.D4.A5.C6.A7.B8.A9.C10.D第二節(jié)（共10小題；每題L5分，共15分）.what12.Wing16.popularity17.cheaper18.willsuffer/suffers19.where20.isunderstood第二局部閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每題2分，共28分）21.B22.B23.D24.A25.D26.A27.A28.C29.C30.B31.B32.C33.C34.D第二節(jié)（共5小題；每題2分，共10分）35.A36.E37.G38.C39.F第三局部書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）Theycanputalldevicesoutofsightwhilestudyingandbuildasolidtimetable.Becausethinkingaboutfoodfrequentlycandisturbstudyingorcausethem/astudenttomisspartoftheclass.Toavoidbeingdisturbedbybackgroundnoises,studentscouldsitinasilentenvironmentorwearapairofheadphones.Accordingtothepassage,sittinginasilentenvironmentoftenemphasizesbackgroundnoisesevenmore.Withonlinelearning,Ienjoymoreflexibilityinrearrangingcoursesandcompletingtasks.Italsoallowsmetolearnatmyownpace.Forinstance,IcanstartandpausethevideowhenitsuitsmetoensurethatI'vereallymasteredthematerial.第二節(jié)（20分）范文：DearJim,Thankyouverymuchindeedforthewonderfullectureyougaveonreadingmethods.Tvelearntreallyalot,becauseyouhelpedmeovercomethebottleneckofmyreading-howtoincreasethereadingspeed.However,Iamstillpuzzledbysomedifficultiesinreading.Forexample,Ifindithardtograspthegistofthepassages,andIalsofeelithardtocontinuereadingwhenconfrontedwithnewwords.WhatcanIdo?Wouldyoupleasegivemesomeadvice?Iwouldbereallygratefulifyoucouldhelpmeout.Thankyouverymuchagain.Yourearliestreplywouldbeappreciated.Yours,Lihua閱讀以下短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。ASophiededicatedhertimetocrafting“chemocomfortbagsnforhospitalpatients.Shedecidedtobrightenthedaysofchemotherapypatientsshortlyafterknowing11thetreatmentwaslike.12thehelpfromherfamily,Sophiefilledeachbagwithitemsthatweremeanttoenhancecomfort,includingblankets,pillowsandcozysocks.Lastmonth,Sophieandherfamily13(donate)tencomfortbagstopatients.When14(ask)howitfelttoseethathercomfortbagsweremakingadifferenceinpeople'slives,Sophiesaid,"Itfeelssonice.”BRecently,manywhodrinkmilkhaveswitchedtoplant-basedmilks15(come)fromalmonds,soyorrice.Andtheneweststaramongthemisoatmilk.Thiscreamy,deliciousdrinkmakescoffee,cereal,andbakedgoodstastedelicious.Anotherreasonforits16(popular)liesinitsbenefits.Oatmilkcontainsvitaminsandminerals.Italsohasfiber,whichcanhelptoreducetheriskofheartdisease.Itis17(cheap)tomakeandrequireslesswatertoproducethansomeotherplant-basedmilks.Somepeoplebelieveit'sanenvironmentally-friendlychoice.CChildrenareunwillingtoseekhelpinschoolbecausetheyfeelitmakesthemlookincompetent.However,iftheyareafraidtoaskforhelp,theirlearningexperience18(suffer)。Howcanwehelpchildrenovercomethebarrier?First,teacherscouldcreateactivities19eachstudentbecomesan“expert”onadifferenttopic,andthenchildrenmustaskforhelptomasterallofthematerial.Ifseekinghelp20(understand)asacommonplaceclassroomactivity,kidsmaybelesslikelytothinkofitasanindicationofone'sability.第二局部閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每題2分，共28分)閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AInstitutionsandindividualscansubscribetoJournalofScience(JS)eitherbyprintoronline.OrderingProceduresBothinstitutionsandindividualscancompletetheirorderformandsubmitpaymenttostarttheirprintand/oronlinesubscription.Thosewhochoose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ereareconcernsthatthesefigurescouldbeunderestimates.Currently,mostofthedatawehaveonmicroplasticsareaccidentallycapturedbyresearchships,whichuseplanktonnetstocollectmarine-microorganismsamples.However,researchersChristopherRufandMadelineEvansfromtheUniversityofMichiganhavediscoveredaninnovativewaytoidentifyandtrackconcentrationsofmicroplasticsintheocean.ThetechniquereliesonNASA'sCycloneGlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem(CYGNSS),aconstellationofeightmicro-satellitesusedtopredicthurricanesthatcalculatewindspeedsabovetheoceanbymeasuringtheroughnessofsurfacewaters.Asthesatellitesarecontinuouslyrecording,RufandEvansrealisedthattheycollectagreatdealofadditionaldata.Itwaswhileanalysingthesedatathattheynoticedsomedifferencestimeswherethesurfaceoftheoceanappearedtobemuchsmootherthanitshould,giventheprevailingwind(盛彳亍風(fēng))conditions.Knowingthatwaterisn'troughenedasmuchwhenitcontainsalotoffloatingmaterial,RufandEvansidentifiedapatternthatlinkedareasofunusualsmoothnessandpredictedmicroplasticdistributions.Theyfoundthatthedifferencebetweentheirmeasurements,andhowmuchrougherthesurfacewouldbeifwindsofthesamespeedwereblowingacrossclearwater,was"highlycorrelatedwiththepresenceofmicroplastics,andthedegreeofthedifferencealsocorrelatedwiththeconcentrationoftheplastics.”Theresearchrevealsthatthereareseasonalvariations,wheretheconcentrationsofmicroplasticstendtobehigherinthesummerandlowerinthewinterinaveryclean,periodicway,whichRufexplainsmirrorsthewayinwhichtheoceancirculationchangesthroughouttheyear.Italsoconfirms,aswaspreviouslythought,thatriversarethemainsourceofoceanmicroplastics.RaisingawarenessoftheissueofoceanmicroplasticsamongthepublicandpoliticiansisjustoneoftheresearchersTutureaims；theyarealsoinconversationwithDutchnon-profitTheOceanCleanupandFinnishcleantechnologyspecialistClewat,whichareinterestedinusingtheinformationtomoreefficientlytargettheirtrash-collectioncampaigns.Sofar,onlyoneyear'sworthofdatahavebeenprocessedsinceCYGNSSwaslaunchedin2016.Bylookingatalongertimeperiod,RufandEvansaimtodeterminewhethertheseasonalpatternisrepeatable,andwhethertheconcentrationofmicroplasticsintheoceanisgettingworse.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A.Thelimitedknowledgeaboutoceanmicroplastics.B?Theharmofoceanmicroplasticstoseacreatures.C.Themethodsofdegradingoceanmicroplastics.D.Thepreviousresearchonoceanmicroplastics.Accordingtothepassage,CYGNSS.A.hasoffereddataabouttherepeatableseasonalpatternB?guidesresearchshipstogatherdataaboutseaanimalsC.providesunexpecteddataaboutthechangesofseasurfaceD.wasdesignedtomeasurethedistributionofoceanmicroplastics29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Microplasticswillendupinthestomachsoftheoceanorganisms.Microplasticsplayavitalroleintheyearlyoceancirculationchanges.Thesurfaceoftheoceancangetsmootherwithmoremicroplasticsinit.Thenewwayoftrackingmicroplasticshashelpedpreventoceanpollution.30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TointroducethetechnologyofCYGNSS.B-Topresentawaytostudyoceanmicroplastics.Totestanassumptiononoceanmicroplastics.Toproposeanewmeansofprotectingtheocean.DAmericansclearlylovetheirmuseums.Oneofthemostfamous,NewYork*sMetropolitanMuseumofArt（theMet）,sawarecord6.5millionvisitorsin2015.Butrecordattendancedoesn'tnecessarilytranslateintorecordrevenue（U攵入）oLastmonth,theMetsaiditwastryingtoeraseaUS$10millionbudgetdeficit（赤字）。Meanwhile,oneofitsrivals,theMuseumofModernArt（MoMA）,wasabundantincash,butonlyaboutthreemillionpeoplestoppedbyin2015.Whydosomemuseumsflourishwhileothersflounder?Myresearchleadsmetobelievetherearethreereasons:fashion,billionairesanddemographics.First,underlyingtheMet'sfinancialchallengesistheproblemwiththeacquisitionspolicy.RecentdirectorsoftheMetdidnotaddmuchtothemuseum'smoderncollection.TheargumentwasthatmuseumssuchastheMoMAwerealreadyprovidingsuchworksintheircollectionsandthattheacquisitionofcontemporaryartbylivingartistswasproblematicandrisky.However,giventhefactthatmuseum-goersincreasinglyfavorcontemporaryart,therevenueoftheMetwilllikelyfallifitisn'tabletokeepupwiththetastesofthecustomers.Andbythetimeitmightrecognizethis,itsalreadytoolatetodomuchaboutitbecausethecoststoacquirethein-demandartissky-high.Thisleadstoasecondcriticalissue-thechangingdistributionofincomeanditseffectsonmuseumfinanceandoperation.Wearelivinginaboomperiodforcontemporaryart.Thenumberofauctions（拍賣）andartfairshasgrownenormouslytoaccommodatethisgrowingmarket.Inaworldwithabout1,800billionaires,itonlytakesarelativefewtodrivehigh-endartpricestoastronomicallevels.WorksbytheGermanartistGerhardRichterhavegenerated$1.2billioninsalesinrecentyears.Thesoaringpricesmeanmuseumssimplycan*tkeepupandmustusuallydependondonationstoassemblethebestworks,orthey'repricedout.Moreover,billionairesthemselvesareincreasinglysettinguptheirownprivatemuseums,furtherdistancingtheabilityofpublicmuseumstogetthegoodstuff.Athirdinterrelatedproblemisthatdemographicissueshaveputpressureontherevenueside.Unemployment,earlyretirementsandtheagingofthepopulationintheUShavecontributedtoincreasedattendanceatmuseums.Youmightthinkit'sagoodthing,butmoretrafficmeanshighercosts,andwhenthoseadditionalvisitorsdon*tresultinmorerevenue,profitabilitygoesdown.Thisisbecauseofthelongstandingmovementtowardmakingmuseumsnfreenbyhavingindividuals,governmentorbusinessesHsponsorHthecost.Butwhenthatsupportgetsreducedbybudgetcostsoranotherreason,museumsmusteithercoverthecostthemselvesorlosepatronsbysuddenlychargingfees.Thereisevidencethatattendanceriseswheneconomicgrowthslows,butthat'salsowhenthose"sponsorsnaremorelikelytobegintodisappear.Museumswillcertainlycontinuetoexistandprovideuswithinvaluableinsightsintoourculture.Buttheymustexistundereconomicprinciples,andit'dbewisefortheiradministratorstoconsidertheeconomicsintheircalculations.Accordingtotheauthor,.A.MoMAsawariseindonationduetoitsincreasedattendanceB-theMetfailedtorespondtotheartistictastesofmodernvisitorsC.theMetconsideredworksofthelivingartistsasquestionableD.MoMAaddedtoitsmoderncollectiondespitethebudgetdeficitWhatcanweinferfromthepassage?Billionairescontrolartauctionstopriceoutpublicmuseums.Theboomofmodernartwillleadvisitorstoprivatemuseums.Theincreaseinvisitorscanhurttheprofitabilityofmuseums.D.Economicslowdownsresultinaweakenedinterestinmuseums.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofmuseumsintheUS?A.Pessimistic.B.Doubtful.C.Cautious.D.Uncertain.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowcanMuseumsBoostRevenues?B?ShouldMuseumsChargeEntranceFees?WillMuseumsSurviveinaFast-changingWorld?WhatCausestheFinancialChallengesofMuseums?第二節(jié)（共5小題；每題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Websitecopywriting（文案寫作）involveswritingtextandcopyforwebsites.35Commercialwebsitesmayrequirestandardsales-stylecopywriting,whileinformativeoreducationalwebsitescouldrequiremorestructuredmaterial.Almostallwebsitesrequiresometypeofwebsitecopywriting.Thematerialonawebsiteisimportantnotonlytoattractcustomers,butalsotoraisepageranksandcreatesearchenginetraffic.Thismeansthatwebsitecopywritingcanbesomewhatdifferentfromregularwritingbecausewritersmustwritefortwoaudiences.Searchengineoptimization（SEO）cansometimesbeimportantinwebsitecopywriting.SEOreferstotheprocessofcreatingcopythatistailoredtowardcatchingtheattentionofpopularsearchengines.36AnunderstandingofkeywordsandsearchenginebehaviorareimportantforSEOwhenwritingcopyfortheweb.37Ifthosekeywordsareusedproperlyandintheproperplaceswithinthearticle,moretrafficwillcometothewebsiteviaasearchengine,andtheownerofthewebsitecouldhavethepotentialofmakingmoremoney.Websitecopywritersoftenhavetohavebothawritingbackgroundandamarketingbackground.Apersonwhoisactingasawebsitecopywriterforasiteusuallyneedstobeabletowriteactiveprosethatinspiresaction.Theyalsoneedtobeabletodrivetraffictothesite,sothatcustomerscanseetheproductsforsale.Beingabletowriteeffectivesalescopymayalsobeessentialforwebsitecopywriting.38Contenthastobewellwritteninordertoaccomplishitsgoal,andadherencetostandardwritingrulesisoftenaprerequisitetoawell-writtenarticle.39Peoplebrowsingthewebtendtoreaddifferentlythanpeoplereadingabookoranewspaper.Sothecontentmustcapturetheirattentionquicklyandberelativelyeasytoread,whichofteninvolveswritingprosethatiseasilyreadable.Headings,bulletpoints,andsimplelanguageareoftenpreferredasaresult.Thetypeofcopythatisrequiredvariesdependingonthetypeofwebsite.Onlinecompaniesmayofferinformationalarticlesaboutproductsandservices.Websitecopywritershavetobefamiliarwithbasicgrammar,style,andstructurerules.Internetcopywritingalsoinvolvesthecompositionofshortheadlinesoradvertisements.Theoretically,thehighertheSEO,thehigherthenumberofreadersthatwillbedirectedtothewebsite.Websitecopynotonlyservestheoverallfunctionofthewebsite,butneedstocapturetheattentionofreaders.Thismeanscopyforawebsitemayhavetocontaincertainkeywordsthatpeoplesearchwhenlookingforsomething.第三局部書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答以下問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Formanystudents,havingclassesonlinemakesthemeasilydistracted.Theyfacechallengeswhenlearningonline.Amainsourceofdistractionisdigitaltechnology.Whileelectronicdevicesarerequiredforonlinelearning,theyeasilystealatt