中國菜肴的翻譯教案解讀

中國菜肴的翻譯（教案）中國菜常用主料:plainrice白飯chicken雞肉prawn明蝦ricenoodles米粉duck鴨肉lobster龍蝦beancurd豆腐abalone鮑魚shrimp小蝦pork豬肉saltedjellyfish海螢皮preservedmeat臘肉beef牛肉seacucumber海參crabmeat蟹肉mutton羊肉seaweed海帶frog田雞rabbitmeat/conymeat兔肉二.中國菜常用輔料sharkfin魚翅egg雞蛋l(fā)ard豬油fennel回杳soysauce醬油salt鹽gourmetpowder味精essenceofchicken雞精sauce醬sugar糖paprika紅椒vinegar醋mustard芥茉scallops干貝chili辣椒tomatoketchup/sauce番茄醬curry咖喔garlic蒜barbequesauce沙茶醬pepper胡椒garlicbulb蒜頭caviar魚scallion,leek青蔥，韭菜chive,shallot蔥seasoning調(diào)味品ginger姜二.中國菜常用蔬菜：peanutoil花生油mustardleaf芥菜tomato番茄，西紅柿needlemushroom金針菇lettuce生菜onion洋蔥buttonmushroom草菇spinach菠菜asparagus蘆筍champignon香菇caraway香菜cucumber黃瓜driedmushroom冬菇hair-likeseaweed發(fā)菜eggplant冊子agarics木耳bambooshoot竹筍potato馬鈴薯whitefungus白木耳driedbambooshootcarrot胡蘿卜taro芋頭chives韭黃pumpkin西葫盧，南瓜yam山芋cabbage圓白菜，卷心菜melon香瓜，甜瓜pea豌豆leek韭菜loofah絲瓜stringbean四季豆celery芹菜bittergourd苦瓜greensoybean毛豆lettuce禺苣radish蘿卜beansprout豆芽materconvolvulus空心菜greenpepper青椒soybeansprout黃豆芽driedlilyflower金針菜lotusroot蓮耦mungbeansprout綠豆芽cauliflower菜花，花椰菜四.中國菜常見小吃及開胃菜：mushroom蘑菇steamedbread饅頭saltedduckegg咸鴨蛋plainnoodle陽春面meatbun肉包子omelets即barbecuedpork叉燒soya-beanmilk豆?jié){poachedegg荷包蛋milletcongee小米粥shao-mai燒麥scrambleeggs炒蛋teameddumpling蒸餃preservedbeancurd腐孚Lcrispyrice鍋巴ravioli/wonton餛飩pickledcucumbers醬瓜gruel,softrice,porridge粥friedporkflakes肉松preservedegg皮蛋noodleswithgravy打鹵面fermentedblankbean豆豉

driedbeefslices牛肉片driedporkslices豬肉片riceglueball元宵gluepudding湯圓ricecake年糕driedbeancurd豆腐干driedturnip蘿卜干springroll春卷五.中國菜常見刀工：frieddumpling煎貝占beancurdwithodor臭豆腐deep-friedflourstick油條切/削：cutting去骨：boning腌：pickling/salting切片：slicing去皮：skinning/peeling浸/泡：marinating切絲：shredding舌懈：scaling去殼：shelling切碎：mincing切」：dicing切柳：filleting剁末：mashing亥U/雕：carving釀：stuffing斬/剁塊：chopping六.中國菜常用烹調(diào)方法:炒：stir-frying燒：braisinggrilling/roasting/basting刖?八、、?pan-frying煮：boiling白灼：scalding爆：quick-frying—紙.八、、?steaming鹵：spicing炸：deep-frying燉/煨/炯：simmering/拌：mixing干炸：drydeep-frying軟炸：softdeep-frying酥炸：crispdeep-frying七.中國菜肴名稱的翻譯方法：（一）以主料開頭的翻譯方法1介紹菜肴的主料和輔料：公式:stewing熏：smoking烘/烤：baking/broiling/主料(形狀)+(with)輔料涮：instant-boiling例：杏仁雞丁chickencubeswithalmond牛肉豆腐beefwithbeancurd西紅柿炒蛋Scrambledeggwithtomato2介紹菜肴的主料和味汁：公式：主料（形狀）+（with,in）味汁例：芥末鴨掌duckwebswithmustardsauce蔥油雞chickeninScallionoil米酒魚卷fishrollswithricewine（二）以烹制方法開頭的翻譯方法1介紹菜肴的烹法和主料：公式：烹法+主料（形狀）例：軟炸里脊soft-friedporkfillet烤孚L豬roastsucklingpig炒鰭片Stir-friedeelslices2介紹菜肴的烹法和主料、輔料公式：烹法+主料（形狀）+（with）輔料例：仔姜燒雞條braisedchickenfilletwithtenderginger3介紹菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁：公式：烹法+主料（形狀）+（with,in）味汁例：紅燒牛肉braisedbeefwithbrownsauce魚香肉絲friedshreddedporkwithSweetandsoursauce清燉豬蹄stewedpighoofincleansoup注：如果菜中有湯，在翻譯時要根據(jù)菜中湯料的多少區(qū)別對待。通常采用兩種模式翻譯:如果湯少，僅是汁狀，則：主料with湯汁如：茄汁牛肉FriedBeefwithTomatoSauce如果湯多呈稀湯狀，則：主料in稀湯如：鹵炸乳鴿子Deep-friedPigeoninSpicedSauce（三）以形狀或口感開頭的翻譯方法1介紹菜肴的形狀（口感）和主料、輔料公式：形狀（口感）+主料+（w讓h）輔料例：芝麻酥雞crispchickenwithsesame陳皮兔丁dicedrabbitwithorangepeel時蔬雞片slicedchickenwithseasonalvegetables2介紹菜肴的口感、烹法和主料公式：口感+烹法+主料例：香酥排骨crispfriedspareribs水煮嫩魚tenderstewedfish香煎雞塊fragrantfriedchicken3介紹菜肴的形狀（口感）、主料和味汁公式：形狀（口感）+主料+（with）味汁例：茄汁魚片slicedfishwithtomatosauce椒麻雞塊cutletschickenwithhotpepper黃酒脆皮蝦仁crispshrimpswithricewinesauce（四）以人名或地名開頭的翻譯方法1介紹菜肴的創(chuàng)始人（發(fā)源地）和主料公式：人名（地名）+主料例：麻婆豆腐MaPobeancurd四川水餃Sichuanboileddumpling2介紹菜肴的創(chuàng)始人（發(fā)源地）、烹法和主料公式：人名（地名）+烹法+主料例：東坡煨肘DongPostewedporkjoint北京烤鴨BeijingRoastDuck在中餐菜名翻譯成英文的過程中，可以采用多種不同的方法，而且每一道菜都可以從不同的角度入手進行翻譯。例如，川菜中的宮保雞丁”這道菜就有以下幾種譯法：l.sauteedchickencubeswithpeanuts.Gongbaochickencubes.dicedchickenwithchiliandpeanuts（五）如果菜中配有中草藥，事實上因為外國人并不太懂得各種草藥的實際作用，對于他們而言,中國的草藥都是具有神奇效用的，所以不妨將各種草藥一律翻譯為ChineseHerbs如：天麻燉雞：StewedChickenwithChineseHerbs由此可見，中餐菜名的英譯方法是靈活多變的。至于我們在翻譯中最終采用哪種方法，則可根據(jù)各人的習慣和具體情況確定。不過根據(jù)一般經(jīng)驗，只要掌握了第一種以主料開頭的翻譯方法，對其它種類的翻譯方法便可以觸類旁通，我們只需根據(jù)文中所列出的翻譯公式去相應作一些交換就行了。中餐英文菜譜全體孚L豬Roastwholesucklingpig特色五福拼盤Specialfivevarieties.葡國碳燒肉Portugueseroastpork脆皮靚燒雞Crispychicken湛江皇后水晶雞ZhanjiangCrystalchicken金牌回香雞Goldentastychicken鹽香脆皮雞Saltycrispychicken高州蔥油先雞GaozhoustyleshallotfavourChicken蜜汁碳燒叉燒Honeycharcoalpork碳燒靚排骨Charcoalspareribs骨香孚L鴿Tastybabypigeon錦繡燒味拼盤Assortedbarbecuemeat新派鹵水拼盤Newstylesoysaucestewedmeat新派鹵水掌翼Newstylesoysaucestewedgoosewingandfeet新派鹵水大腸頭Newstylesoysaucestewedpig'sintestine新派鹵水肚仔Newstylesoysaucestewedpig'sstomach新派鹵水腳仔Newstylesoysaucestewedpig'shoof鹽塌腎片Bakedsaltychickenkidney涼拌海裝Marinatedcoldjellyfish刀拍黃瓜Marinatedcoldcucumber小食類Entree日式海裝JapanesestyleJellyFish日式八爪魚JapanesestyleOctopus涼拌青瓜Marinatedcoldcucumber涼拌粉皮Marinatedcoldbeanpasty蒜香腎片Garlictastekidney蒜香豬耳仔Garlictastepig'sear麻辣鳳爪Spicyhotchickenfeet琥珀核桃DeepfriedwalnutinSyrup特另1J介紹SpecialRecommendation泰汁銀雪魚CodfishinThaisauce甜麥豆炒帶子北極貝Stirfrysweetbeanscallops脆皮咸豬手SaltytastecrispytrotterXO醬爆花枝片XOSoySauceFryFlowerBranchPieces蘆筍蚌肉鴿片Stirfrybonelesspigeon,musselandasparagus鹽塌豬肚Bakedsaltypig'sstomachXO醬爆生腸StirfryintestinesinXOsauce辣子雞Stirfrychickenwithhotchili酥炸百花球Crispyfryflowerball醬爆竹腸Stirfryintestineswithbeansauce黑椒蝴蝶骨Frysphenoidwithblackpepper剁椒魚咀Stirfryfishheadwithhotchili紅蔥頭蒸雞Braisechickenwithshallot沙鍋魚頭煲Braisefishheadclaypot爆野兔Stirfryrabbit京蔥爆駝峰肉Stirfrycamelhumpwithshallot西芹腰果核桃肉Stirfrycelery,cashewandwalnut鮑汁百靈菇鵝腸Stirfrymushroomandgooseintestineinabalonesauce椒鹽排骨Spicyspareribs朵U椒魚咀StirFryfishmouthwithchoppedpepper尖椒豬肚StirfryPig'sStomachwithhotchili羅定豆豉雞Luodingstylebraisechickeninbeansauce辣子雞丁Stirfrychickendiceswithhotchili鮑汁百靈菇Stirfrymushroomwithabalonesauce紅蔥頭豬俐Stirfrypig;ngiiewithonion鹽塌腎片SaltKidneyPieces蒜香骨Garlictastyspareribs栗干校雞Stewchickenwithchestnut川汁雞球Sichuanstylechickenmeatball醬爆雙脆Soysaucefrydoublecracking水煮牛肉Poachbeefwithhotchili鮮鰥讓酸魚膠Squidwithfishstuffing豆腐魚頭煲BoilFishHeadwithbeancurd豉汁蒸排骨/魚Steamspareribs/fishwithblackbeansauce豉油王鵝腸Stirfrygooseintestineswithsoysauce姜蔥爆牛肉Stirfrybeefwithgingerandshallot黑椒炒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithblackpepper茶樹菇蒸牛柳Steambeefandmushroom醬爆牛柳Stirfrybeefinbeansauce朵U椒魚頭Stirfryfishheadwithchoppedhotchili生炒骨/酸甜排骨Sweetandsourspareribs老壇子Oldcrock海味什錦煲Stewseafoodcombinationinclaypot泰式鳳爪Thailandstylechickenfeet回鍋肉Sichuanstylestewpork梅菜蒸肉片Steamportwithpreservedvegetable西汁雞扒Chickenwithwesternsauce鮮淮山校排骨Stewspareribswithyam翠玉蘭花Stirfrybroccoli酸茄黃金釀Brewsweetandsoureggplant雙菇扒菜膽略Stirfrymushrooms牛肉炒蛋Stirfrybeefandegg涼瓜炒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithbittermelon竹笙釀玉液BrewbambooShootwithwine金華娃娃菜Stirfrybabycabbage尖椒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithhotchili蘆筍炒牛肉Stirfrybeefandasparagus西蘭花超鰥魚Stirfrysquidandbroccoli西芹炒臘味StirfrypreservedhamandceleryXO醬爆鰥魚StirfrysquidinXOsauce韭菜花炒銀魚Stirfrywhitebaitwithchiv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紅燒全鴨braisedwholeduckinsoysauce五香鴨spicedduck蒸南京板鴨steamedNanjingsaltedduck北京烤鴨roastBeijingduck香糟雞片slicedchickeninwinesauce炸童子雞deepfriedspringchicken荷葉粉蒸雞steamedchickeninlotusleafpackets炸紙包雞friedchickeninpaperpackets陳皮雞chickeninorangeflavor咖喔雞currychicken砂鍋雞braisedchickenincasserole叫化子雞mud-bakedchicken附雜項（西餐，餐具，糖果等）breakfast早餐lunch附雜項（西餐，餐具，糖果等）breakfast早餐lunch午餐brunch早午餐supper晚餐latesnack宵夜dinner正餐coffeepot咖啡壺coffeecup咖啡杯papertowel紙巾napkin餐巾tablecloth桌布tea-pot茶壺teaset茶具teatray茶盤caddy茶罐dish碟plate盤saucer小碟子ricebowl飯碗chopsticks筷子soupspoon湯匙knife餐刀cup杯子glass玻璃杯mug馬克杯picniclunch便當toothpick牙簽fruitplate水果盤meatdiet葷菜vegetables素菜meatbroth肉羹localdish地方菜Cantonesecuisine廣東菜menu菜單Frenchcuisine法國菜today'sspecial今日特餐buffet自助餐fastfood快餐specialty招牌菜tealeaves茶葉blacktea紅茶jasminetea茉莉（香片）teabag茶包lemontea檸檬茶whitegourdtea冬瓜茶honey蜂蜜sodawater蘇打水a(chǎn)rtificialcolor人工色素curryrice咖喔飯bird'snest燕窩Frenchfires炸薯條bakedpotato烘馬鈴薯mashedpotatoes馬鈴薯泥pudding布丁pastries甜點jerky牛肉干popcorn爆米花sunnysideup煎一面荷包蛋over煎兩面荷包蛋overeasy煎半熟蛋overhard煎全熟蛋butter奶油beverages飲料condensedmilk煉孚L;煉奶coffeemate奶精coffee咖啡icedcoffee冰咖啡whitecoffee牛奶咖啡blackcoffee純咖啡ice-creamcone甜筒sundae圣代；新地ice-cream雪糕icecandy冰棒straw吸管cake蛋糕pancake煎餅cereal麥片粥toast土司hamburger漢堡hamandegg火腿腸butteredt