外刊經(jīng)貿(mào)知識(shí)選讀Lesson-3課件

Lesson31.supplant[s?'plɑ:nt,-'pl?nt]vt.代替；排擠掉Nomancouldsupplanthim.Supplantcompetitorswithunfaircompetitivemeans;以不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)手段排擠競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手；2.jockey['d??ki]vt.駕駛；欺騙；移動(dòng)n.操作工；駕駛員；賽馬的騎師Hejockeyedtheoldmanoutofhismoney.Thejockeyranthehorseupanddownthetrack.騎師騎著馬在跑道上來(lái)回奔跑。Lesson31.supplant[s?'plɑ:n13.givewayto：給…讓路；對(duì)…讓步；被…替代；給……讓路；屈服，投降Noproblemlastsforever.Stormsalwaysgivewaytothesun.沒(méi)有解決不了的問(wèn)題，暴風(fēng)雨總會(huì)讓位于陽(yáng)光。4.nosev.小心翼翼的行駛Thetaxinoseditswaybackintotraffic.出租車(chē)慢慢匯入車(chē)流。3.givewayto：給…讓路；對(duì)…讓步；被…替代2noseout打探出，查出=discoverThereportersnosedoutallthedetailsoftheaffair.記者打探出這件事的所有細(xì)節(jié)、4.digup挖出；掘起；開(kāi)墾；發(fā)現(xiàn)todigupthestreet挖掘街道todigupinformation搜集消息Wheredidyoudigherup?你在哪兒碰上她了?noseout打探出，查出=discover35.bound[baund]adj.有義務(wù)的；受約束的；裝有封面的beboundto有義務(wù)要Indoingso,theyareboundtoraiseenergyprices.要達(dá)到此項(xiàng)目的，政府必須提高能源價(jià)格。vt.束縛；使跳躍n.范圍；跳躍vi.反彈；彈起Theballboundedagainstthewall.球彈擊墻壁。boundfor開(kāi)往…TheshipisboundforAustralia.船是開(kāi)往澳大利亞的

5.bound[baund]46.radiate['reidieit]vt.輻射；傳播；流露；發(fā)射；廣播vi.輻射；流露；發(fā)光；從中心向各方伸展Theradianceofelectriclightsradiatesfromtheceiling.電燈的光芒從天花板上輻射下來(lái)。Confidenceradiatedfromherface.她的臉上流露出充滿自信的神色。6.radiate['reidieit]vt.輻射；5creepv.爬行creepin/intosth.開(kāi)始發(fā)生，影響Asthedoctorsbecamemoretired,errorsbegantocreepintotheirwork.由于越來(lái)越疲勞，醫(yī)生們的工作開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)差錯(cuò)。creepout逐漸增長(zhǎng)Housepricesarecreepingupagain.房?jī)r(jià)又漸漸上漲。creepv.爬行67.penetrate['penitreit]vt.滲透；穿透；洞察vi.滲透；刺入；看透Theheavyrainhaspenetratedtheroofofmyhouse.大雨滲透了我家的房頂。penetratedwithdiscontent深為不滿Hehaspenetratedintohighsociety.他已經(jīng)踏進(jìn)上層社會(huì)。7.penetrate['penitreit]vt.78.bounce[bauns]n.跳；彈力；活力vt.彈跳；使彈起vi.彈跳；彈起，反跳；彈回Theballbouncedagainstthewall.球彈起擊在墻上。Perhapsbirthrateswillbounceback.或許出生率會(huì)反彈。8.bounce[bauns]n.跳；彈力；活力89.predict[pri'dikt]vt.預(yù)報(bào)，預(yù)言；預(yù)知vi.作出預(yù)言；作預(yù)料，作預(yù)報(bào)Theearthquakehadbeenpredictedseveraldaysbefore.這次地震早在幾天前就已預(yù)報(bào)到了。prediction[pri'dik??n]n.預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)言Hispredictionwasright,buthegottheindustrywrong.他的預(yù)言是正確的，只不過(guò)他說(shuō)錯(cuò)了行業(yè)。

9.predict[pri'dikt]vt.預(yù)報(bào)，預(yù)910.farfetched['fa:'fet?t]adj.牽強(qiáng)的；亂七八糟的；靠不住的Itsoundsfarfetched,soyoucanchoosetowatchasyouwish.聽(tīng)起來(lái)很牽強(qiáng)，看官們自行選擇吧。11.appoint[?'p?int]vt.任命；指定；約定vi.任命；委派Weappointedtheschool-houseasplaceforthemeeting.我們確定校舍為會(huì)面地點(diǎn)。10.farfetched['fa:'fet?t]ad10Wemustsoonappointanewteachertotheclass.我們必須盡快指派新老師到班里去。[常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)]為…提供設(shè)備，裝置，裝備，配備，布置well-appointed(設(shè)備完備的)Wemustsoonappointanewtea1112.slight[slait]adj.輕微的，少量的；脆弱的；細(xì)長(zhǎng)的；不重要的Youhaveaslightfever.你有一點(diǎn)兒發(fā)燒。notintheslight一點(diǎn)也不，根本vt.輕視，忽略；怠慢toslightone'sduty玩忽職守Hewasslightedinthecorner.他被冷落在屋里的角落。n.怠慢；輕蔑12.slight[slait]adj.輕微的，少量1213.boomvt.使興旺；發(fā)隆隆聲Thegunsboomedagain.槍炮又發(fā)出砰砰聲。蓬勃發(fā)展；興起；興隆，繁榮昌盛；(股票、物價(jià)等)暴漲，猛漲，激增；(在規(guī)模、重要性、活動(dòng)等方面)突然增加；出名BusinessisboomingsinceIenlargedtheshop.自從我擴(kuò)大商店以來(lái)，生意日趨興隆。Theeconomyreformboomedmanynewcities.經(jīng)濟(jì)改革使許多城市興旺發(fā)達(dá)起來(lái)。13.boom1314.nomorethanadv.至多，不多于Eachclasshasnomorethaneightstudents.每個(gè)班級(jí)不超過(guò)八名學(xué)生。littlemorethan(only)僅僅Signingtheformsislittlemorethanaformality.在表格上簽字只是一種形式。14.nomorethanadv.至多，不多于1415.laggard['l?ɡ?d]adj.落后的；遲鈍的；遲緩的n.落后者；遲鈍者Thelaggardservicepatternscauseeasilymedicaldisputesandmakemoremedicalrisks.落后的服務(wù)模式容易導(dǎo)致醫(yī)療糾紛，增加醫(yī)療風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。15.laggard['l?ɡ?d]adj.落后的；1516.flourish['flauri?]vi.1.繁茂，茂盛；繁榮：Thoseplantsyougavemeareflourishing.你給我的那些植物長(zhǎng)得茂盛。2.(人)健壯成長(zhǎng)：Thechildrenareflourishing.孩子們正在茁壯成長(zhǎng)。3.盛飾；炫耀，夸耀：toflourishone'swealth炫耀財(cái)富4.揮舞(刀劍、手臂、帽子等)：Theboysflourishedflagsinthestreets.孩子們?cè)诮诸^揮動(dòng)著他們的旗子。16.flourish['flauri?]vi.1617.ladderHoldtheladderforme,please.請(qǐng)幫我扶住梯子。atthetopofthesocialladder登上社會(huì)的最頂層climb(或getup)theladder往上爬成名，發(fā)跡:Twentyyearslater,heladderedtothetopofhisprofession.20年后，他達(dá)到了自己職業(yè)的頂峰。17.ladder1718.buoyn.救生衣,救生圈(=lifebuoy)vt.使浮起；支撐；鼓勵(lì)Thecutinbankrateisexpectedtobuoyuptheeconomy.銀行利率的降低可望振興經(jīng)濟(jì)。There'snothinglikeagoodjoketobuoyone'sspirits.沒(méi)有什么像一個(gè)好的笑話那樣能振奮人們的精神。18.buoyn.救生衣,救生圈(=lifebuoy)1819.renew[ri'nju:]vt.1.使更新；使復(fù)原：Theyrenewedcontactwithotherimportandexportcorporations.他們與其他進(jìn)出口公司恢復(fù)了聯(lián)系。2.使(精神上)新生；恢復(fù)精力：Havinghadanhour'srest,herenewedhisstrength.休息了一個(gè)小時(shí)后，他恢復(fù)了精力。19.renew[ri'nju:]vt.193.復(fù)興；重建；使再生效：WehaverenewedourfriendlyrelationshipwithWesterncountries.我們與西方國(guó)家已重建友好關(guān)系。renewal[ri'nju:?l]n.更新，恢復(fù)；復(fù)興；補(bǔ)充；革新；續(xù)借；重申3.復(fù)興；重建；使再生效：2020.surpassvt.超越；勝過(guò)，優(yōu)于；非…所能辦到或理解Thecostsofthevacationsurpassedmyexpectation.這次度假的花銷(xiāo)超出了我的預(yù)想。Allofusweresurpassedbyhiscleveranswer.我們?cè)谧拿恳粋€(gè)人誰(shuí)也不會(huì)想到他會(huì)做出這樣機(jī)智的回答。tosurpassoneself超水平發(fā)揮20.surpassvt.超越；勝過(guò)，優(yōu)于；非…所能辦2121.inlinefor即將得到;該輪到I'vebeenwaitinginlineforoveranhour.我已經(jīng)排了一個(gè)多小時(shí)的隊(duì)了。Who'snextinlineforpromotioninyourdepartment?你那個(gè)部門(mén)下一位有希望得到晉升的是誰(shuí)？

21.inlinefor即將得到;該輪到2222.retaliate[ri't?lieit]vi.報(bào)復(fù)；回敬vt.報(bào)復(fù)Ifweraiseourimportdutiesontheirgoods,theymayretaliateagainstus.如果我們提高他們的貨物的進(jìn)口稅，他們可能要對(duì)我們進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)。23.haveastakein與…利害攸關(guān)；參與了。。haveastakeinacompany：在一家公司有股份Bothcountrieshaveastakeinsuchanarrangement.這種安排下，兩國(guó)都是利益攸關(guān)者。22.retaliate[ri't?lieit]vi.23strikev.擊打，碰撞Theshipstruckarock.船觸礁了。v.突然想到，猛地意識(shí)到Itsuddenlystruckmethathowwecoulgimprovethesitiuation.我一下子明白我們?nèi)绾文芨淖兙置妗trikingadj.引人注目的，顯著的Shebearsastrikingresemblancetoheroldersister.她酷似她姐姐。strikev.擊打，碰撞2424.outbid[,aut'bid]vt.在開(kāi)價(jià)上戰(zhàn)勝；出價(jià)高于Heoutbidhisrivalsattheauction.拍賣(mài)中他叫價(jià)高于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。25.branchn.樹(shù)枝，分支，支流Thebankhasbranchesalloverthecountry.那家公司在全國(guó)設(shè)有分支。24.outbid[,aut'bid]vt.在開(kāi)價(jià)上25branchout(intosth)涉足（新工作），拓展（新業(yè)務(wù)）Thecompanyhasnowbranchedoutintosellinginsurance.公司現(xiàn)在已開(kāi)展了保險(xiǎn)銷(xiāo)售的新業(yè)務(wù)。branchoff分岔Justafterthelake,thepathbranchesofftotheright.小路在經(jīng)過(guò)虎吼右邊有條岔道。branchout(intosth)涉足（新工作），26brokerage中間人業(yè)務(wù)1.亦作brokering代理人(或中間人、經(jīng)紀(jì)人、中人)業(yè)務(wù)，經(jīng)紀(jì)業(yè)，2.(付給經(jīng)紀(jì)人、中間人的)手續(xù)費(fèi)，傭金，回扣broker['br?uk?]n.經(jīng)紀(jì)人，掮客brokeragefee經(jīng)紀(jì)人傭金brokerage中間人業(yè)務(wù)2725.overwhelm1.(尤指以軍事力量)壓倒，壓服；擊潰；粉碎：Weoverwhelmedtheenemybysuperiorforces.我們以優(yōu)勢(shì)兵力打垮了敵軍。2.制服；使不知所措；使受不了：Iwasoverwhelmedbysuchatemptation.我經(jīng)受不住那樣的誘惑。3.覆蓋；淹沒(méi)：Floodoverwhelmedthecity.洪水淹沒(méi)了那座城市。25.overwhelm28careern.生涯，職業(yè)，事業(yè)Heisplayingthebestofhiscareer.他正處于網(wǎng)球生涯的巔峰時(shí)刻。V.(失控地)猛沖，疾馳，飛奔Thevehiclecareeredacrosstheroadandhitacyclist.那輛車(chē)沖過(guò)馬路，撞上了一輛自行車(chē)。careern.生涯，職業(yè)，事業(yè)291、“IfthereisaroadtoChina’sfuture,Highway204outofShanghaiisit.”（如果有通往中國(guó)的未來(lái)之路的話，那便是始自上海的204國(guó)道。）1)

Whatistheexactmeaningof“outof”hereinthesentence?

2)

Whydoestheauthorcompare(比喻)Highway204totheroadtoChina’sfuture?(youmayanswerthequestionafteryou’vestudiedthewholearticle.)

答：1）“Highway204outofShanghai”isoneleadingoutofShanghai.2)ThetrafficonHighway204issothick(擁擠)thatthetripalongtheroadishard.

Itindicates(表明)thatthoughChina’seconomyisbooming（繁榮）,itisstillbackwardandthereisalonganddifficultwayyettoChina’sbrighterfuture—becomingthestrongesteconomicpowerintheworld.RapiddevelopmentinChinaisoverwhelming（勢(shì)不可擋）itsbackward（落后）transportnetworks,tobemoreaccurate（準(zhǔn)確）,itsinfrastructure（下部構(gòu)造）andevenitseconomicconditions,whichlimititsfurtherdevelopment.1、“IfthereisaroadtoChina302、“Migrant（遷移）workerscrowdthenarrowshoulders”Whatdoes“shoulders”referto?

答：“Shoulder”heremeanstheedgesofaroad.

3、“Eventually（結(jié)果、最后、終于）,industrygiveswaytoricefields,whichiseingduguptobuildstillmorefactories.”

1)

Whatdoesthephrase（短語(yǔ)）“togivewaytosomething”meanintheabovesentence?

2)

Whatdoestheauthormeantoconvey(傳達(dá))tothereaderswhenheusedtheword“eventually”?

答：1）Togivewaytosomethingmeanstomakeroomforsomething(讓位于某物)inthesentence.

2)Eventuallysometimesimplies(暗指)aninevitable（必然的、不可避免的）result.2、“Migrant（遷移）workerscrowdth314、Pleaseexplainthefollowingphrasesastheyappearingtheirintheirrespective（各自的）contexts:

“dynamic（活躍的、生機(jī)勃勃的）economy”(paragraph2)

“theworld’sdominant（占優(yōu)勢(shì)的、占統(tǒng)治地位的）economy”(paragraph3)

答：Accordingtotheirrespectivecontents,“dynamiceconomy”referstoaneconomyfullofenergy(活力)andactivity(活躍)精力充沛、旺盛;“theworld’sdominanteconomy”meanstheworld’smajoreconomicpower.

5、“Wedon’thavepeople,wedon’thavetime,”saysone.“Thingsaremovingtoofast.”

Whatisthemeaningof“Wedon’thavepeople”intheabovesentence?(Don’ttheofficialsthinkwe’vealreadyhadthelargestpopulationintheworld?)

答：Chinaisshortoftechnicalandmanagementprofessionals(管理專(zhuān)業(yè)人員).

4、Pleaseexplainthefollowing326、“ManyeconomistsbelieveastandardestimateofChina’spercapitagrossnationalproduct($370)isalreadytwotothreetimestoolow.”（許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，對(duì)中國(guó)人均國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值的權(quán)威估計(jì)太低了（370億美元），實(shí)際上應(yīng)該比這一數(shù)字再高出2-3倍）Accordingtotheinformationgiven,couldyoufigureouttheeconomists’ideaaboutChina’spercapitalGNP?(HowmuchdotheseeconomistsbelievetheestimateofChina’spercapitaCNPshouldbe?)

答：$740-$1110

7、“BillClintonhasappointedChinahandstotopAsiapostsattheStateandTreasurydepartments.”

PleasetranslatetheabovesentenceintoChineseandexplaintheimplicationofMr.Clinton’saction.

答：比爾.克林頓已任命華人擔(dān)任國(guó)務(wù)院和財(cái)政部中負(fù)責(zé)亞洲事務(wù)的部門(mén)的要職。6、“Manyeconomistsbelieveas338、Canyouparaphrasethefollowingsentenceinyourownwords,especiallythephraseaworkinprogress?（顯然，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)正處于發(fā)展之中，遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有發(fā)揮出其十億多人口的巨大潛力。）

“Clearly,China’seconomyisaworkinprogress,nowherenearrealizingthepotentialofitsbillion-pluspopulation.”

答：Clearly,China’seconomyisintheprocessofdevelopment,farfrom(遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有)realizing（實(shí)現(xiàn)）thepotentialofitspopulationofmorethan1billion.

8、Canyouparaphrasethefollo349、“Chinaremainsprimarilyanationoffarmers,andthetransitiontoanindustrialfreemarketismuchlikethetrafficonHighway204—unpredictable.”（中國(guó)首先仍然是一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)國(guó)家，他向工業(yè)化的自由市場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)變，這種轉(zhuǎn)變就像是204國(guó)道的交通狀況一樣——不可預(yù)知.）

1)

Whatdoestheauthormeanbycomparing（比較、對(duì)比）thetransitionto“thetrafficonHighway204”?

2)

Accordingtotheinformationfromthearticle(giveninthenexttwosentencesfollowingtheaboveone),whatchangesdoesChinaneedinordertorealizethemarketeconomyintheauthor’sopinion?IsittotallyacceptabletoSocialistChina?

答：1)WhattheauthormeanttosayisthatmovingonHighway204werebothlocal(當(dāng)?shù)氐?、地方?old-style（舊式的、老派的）vehicles（車(chē)輛、交通工具）andforeignautos（汽車(chē)）ofthelatestfashion（最新樣式）,andlikethatinChina’seconomyco-exist（共存）hernationalenterprisesoriginally（最初、原始）founded（創(chuàng)建）fortheplannedeconomyandotherbusinessesfoundedfororadaptedto（適合）themarketeconomy:thestructureofChina’seconomyisunderchangebutnotdecideddefinitely（明確地）yet.2)Thestate-ownedfirmsshouldbesoldorprivatized,andtheequipmentandfacilitiesinthosefirmsshouldberenovated.No,itisn’t.

9、“Chinaremainsprimarilyan3510、“LastyeartheBeiBeiCompanyinZhangjiagangcleared$14milliononexportsof10millionpairsofshoestoUSdepartmentstore.”（張家港的貝貝公司，向美國(guó)百貨商場(chǎng)格出口了1000萬(wàn)雙鞋，賺取了1400萬(wàn)美元）Pleaseexplaintheunderlinedpartintheabovesentence.

答：Theunderlinedpartrefertogain$14millionasaprofitonexports.

11、“JusttwoyearsagoSouthKoreanmanufacturerswereflourishing(繁榮、興旺)oncontractsfromwesternathletic（運(yùn)動(dòng)的）footweargiants……”

Whatdoes“on”mean?Canyougivesomemoreexamples?

答：Onhereisusedinthesenseofaccordingtoorinthebasisof.e.g.Theymadetheirownjudgmentonhisreport.

ShestudiesinCambridgeUniversityonscholarship.

10、“LastyeartheBeiBeiCompa3612、“SincethenmuchofthebusinesshasshiftedtoChina,dealingahardblowtotheSouthKoreanshoeindustry.”自那以后，大多數(shù)業(yè)務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)向中國(guó)，這嚴(yán)重打擊了韓國(guó)的制鞋業(yè)。1)

Pleaseexplainthemeaningof“shift”andfindasynonym?

2)

Whatpartofthesentenceisthephraseintroducedbydealing?Whatdoesitshow?

答：1)轉(zhuǎn)移transferred

2)adverbial(狀語(yǔ));anadverbialofresult

13、“Membershipinthisclub,whichincludesalltheworld’sleadingeconomies,couldprovideahugeboostforalow-wageexporteconomy.”這個(gè)組織的成員包括了所有世界經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國(guó)，成為其成員國(guó)可以大大促進(jìn)低工資出口經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。Howmanyreasonsarementionedinthesentencefor“ahugeboost”?

Inwhatwaycouldlowwagespromotetheexport?

答：1）one

2)Lowwagesmeanslowcostsofthegoodsproduced,andlostcostsresultinlowpriceswhichrender(致使)thegoodscompetitiveintheworldmarket.12、“Sincethenmuchofthebus3714、“Alreadythough,China’scommercialstrengthisstaringtoworrycompetitors.”盡管如此，中國(guó)商貿(mào)的實(shí)力使中國(guó)開(kāi)始成為令人擔(dān)心的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。Whatpartofspeechistheword“though”?Whatpartofthesentenceisit?Andwhatisthemeaningitimplies(暗指)?答：Adv.(副詞),adverbial（狀語(yǔ)）,however.

15、“ThetradesurplusitselfwillbetheNo.1problemthisyear,”saysoneChineseofficial.“AfterJapanwe’llbethefirstinlineforretaliation.”“貿(mào)易順差本身就將成為本年度的首要問(wèn)題”一位中國(guó)政府官員說(shuō)?！拔覀儗⑹窃谌毡局蟮谝粋€(gè)遭到報(bào)復(fù)的國(guó)家。”

Canyoufindoutwhytradesurpluswouldbeaproblemandforwhatreason(s)oronwhatexcuse“wemightberetaliated?

答：Onecountry’stradesurpluswouldbesomeothercountry’stradedeficit(逆差、赤字).Ifit’stoobig,itwouldbealossfortheimporter,bothfinanciallyandeconomically.

Thecountrywithhugetradesurplusmightbeaccused（控告、歸罪）ofdumping（傾銷(xiāo)）orusingother’simportquotaillegally（非法的、不合法的）asinthetextiletrade.

14、“Alreadythough,China’sco3816、“Andtherestoftheworldwilllookfoolishifitletsitselfbecaughtbysurprise.”而世界上其余的國(guó)家，如果仍對(duì)此感到驚奇的話，那他就未免顯得太愚蠢了。Whatdoestheauthorimplybytheabovewords?

答：ItisquitenaturalforChinatobecomeoneoftheworld’slargesteconomiesinthe21stcentury.Peopleneedn’tfeelsurprised.16、“Andtherestoftheworld39ReviewReview40總結(jié):一、術(shù)語(yǔ)：1.舉足輕重的經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國(guó)2.商業(yè)活動(dòng)中心3.人均4.國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值5.懲罰性進(jìn)口關(guān)稅6.有價(jià)證券總結(jié):一、術(shù)語(yǔ)：1.mercialhub3.Percapita4.GrossNationalProduct5.punitiveimporttariff6.securities總結(jié):總結(jié):417.房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)8“大中華”貿(mào)易集團(tuán)9.跨行業(yè)公司10.國(guó)際財(cái)團(tuán)11.關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定7.realestatemarket8.“GreaterChina”tradebloc9.conglomerate10.consortium11.GATT：GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade\7.房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)7.realestatemarket42二、詞語(yǔ)釋義：1.jockey：move2.isbustlingwith：isfilledwith3.giddy：dizzy；4.farfetched：improbable；incredible5.clear：earnanetprofit6.dealahardblow：strikeheavily7.rung：level8.retaliation：returnofilltreatmentforilltreatment；revenge；reprisal9.careeroutofcontrol：runoutofcontrol二、詞語(yǔ)釋義：43Afarfetchedprediction？ThenewAmericanadministrationdoesn'tthinkso.BillClintonhasappointedChinahandstotopAsiapostsatthestateandTreasurydepartments.WhencriticscalledtheappointmentsaslighttoJapan，theleadingPacificeconomicpower，U.S.DeputyTreasurySecretaryRogerAltmanexplainedtheadministration'sreasoning：byearlyinthenextcentury，hesaid，ChinamayreplaceJapaninimportancetotheU.S.asaneconomicpartner.JapanrecognizestheriseofChina.Asawarningshotinanintensifyingrivalry，TokyolastweekputpunitiveimporttariffsonChinesesteel.Afarfetchedprediction？The44一個(gè)牽強(qiáng)的預(yù)測(cè)嗎？新美國(guó)行政機(jī)構(gòu)不這樣俯為，克林頓已被委任中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院和財(cái)政部在亞洲的要職，評(píng)論家稱(chēng)這個(gè)委任冷落了日本。最大的太平經(jīng)濟(jì)力量，美國(guó)的代表-財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)羅格·奧得曼解釋行政機(jī)構(gòu)的理由：他說(shuō)：“在下個(gè)世紀(jì)初，中國(guó)可以會(huì)取代日本作為美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴的重要地位。”日本承認(rèn)中國(guó)的崛起，上周日本作為在日益激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的一次鳴槍警示給中國(guó)的鋼以懲罰性的進(jìn)口關(guān)稅。一個(gè)牽強(qiáng)的預(yù)測(cè)嗎？新美國(guó)行政機(jī)構(gòu)不這樣俯為，克林頓已被委任中452.WiththeU.S.CongressduetoconsidertherenewalofChina'smost-favorednationtradestatusinJune，officialsinBeijingfearthetradeimbalancecouldsurpasshumanrightsasasourceofU.S.oppositiontopreferredstatusforChina."ThetradesurplusitselfwillbetheNO.1problemthisyear."SaysoneChineseofficial."AfterJapan，we'llbefirstinlineforrelation."2.WiththeU.S.Congressduet46美國(guó)議會(huì)由于考慮在六月延長(zhǎng)中國(guó)最惠國(guó)待遇，北京的官員擔(dān)心貿(mào)易不平衡可能超越人權(quán)問(wèn)題而作為反對(duì)優(yōu)惠待遇的借口。中國(guó)的一位官員說(shuō)：“貿(mào)易順差將會(huì)成為今年首要問(wèn)題?！崩^日本之后，我們會(huì)成為第一個(gè)被報(bào)復(fù)的國(guó)家。美國(guó)議會(huì)由于考慮在六月延長(zhǎng)中國(guó)最惠國(guó)待遇，北京的官員擔(dān)心貿(mào)易473.However，evenasthepartypromotesgrowthasanationalpriority，itworriesaboutgoingtoofar.Inflationhasrecentlyclimbedbackintodoubledigits，andthepartypressisissuingstridentwarnings，urgingrestraintonbuyersandsellersalike.RapiddevelopmentisoverwhelmingChina'santiquetransportnetworks.3.However，evenasthepartyp48然而，正當(dāng)黨把促進(jìn)增長(zhǎng)作為一個(gè)國(guó)家優(yōu)先的問(wèn)題時(shí)，它又擔(dān)心增長(zhǎng)的太快。通貨膨脹已在近期又回到了兩位數(shù)，黨政刊物發(fā)出刺耳的警告，力勸買(mǎi)賣(mài)方都要克制。然而，正當(dāng)黨把促進(jìn)增長(zhǎng)作為一個(gè)國(guó)家優(yōu)先的問(wèn)題時(shí)，它又擔(dān)心增長(zhǎng)49Lesson31.supplant[s?'plɑ:nt,-'pl?nt]vt.代替；排擠掉Nomancouldsupplanthim.Supplantcompetitorswithunfaircompetitivemeans;以不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)手段排擠競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手；2.jockey['d??ki]vt.駕駛；欺騙；移動(dòng)n.操作工；駕駛員；賽馬的騎師Hejockeyedtheoldmanoutofhismoney.Thejockeyranthehorseupanddownthetrack.騎師騎著馬在跑道上來(lái)回奔跑。Lesson31.supplant[s?'plɑ:n503.givewayto：給…讓路；對(duì)…讓步；被…替代；給……讓路；屈服，投降Noproblemlastsforever.Stormsalwaysgivewaytothesun.沒(méi)有解決不了的問(wèn)題，暴風(fēng)雨總會(huì)讓位于陽(yáng)光。4.nosev.小心翼翼的行駛Thetaxinoseditswaybackintotraffic.出租車(chē)慢慢匯入車(chē)流。3.givewayto：給…讓路；對(duì)…讓步；被…替代51noseout打探出，查出=discoverThereportersnosedoutallthedetailsoftheaffair.記者打探出這件事的所有細(xì)節(jié)、4.digup挖出；掘起；開(kāi)墾；發(fā)現(xiàn)todigupthestreet挖掘街道todigupinformation搜集消息Wheredidyoudigherup?你在哪兒碰上她了?noseout打探出，查出=discover525.bound[baund]adj.有義務(wù)的；受約束的；裝有封面的beboundto有義務(wù)要Indoingso,theyareboundtoraiseenergyprices.要達(dá)到此項(xiàng)目的，政府必須提高能源價(jià)格。vt.束縛；使跳躍n.范圍；跳躍vi.反彈；彈起Theballboundedagainstthewall.球彈擊墻壁。boundfor開(kāi)往…TheshipisboundforAustralia.船是開(kāi)往澳大利亞的

5.bound[baund]536.radiate['reidieit]vt.輻射；傳播；流露；發(fā)射；廣播vi.輻射；流露；發(fā)光；從中心向各方伸展Theradianceofelectriclightsradiatesfromtheceiling.電燈的光芒從天花板上輻射下來(lái)。Confidenceradiatedfromherface.她的臉上流露出充滿自信的神色。6.radiate['reidieit]vt.輻射；54creepv.爬行creepin/intosth.開(kāi)始發(fā)生，影響Asthedoctorsbecamemoretired,errorsbegantocreepintotheirwork.由于越來(lái)越疲勞，醫(yī)生們的工作開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)差錯(cuò)。creepout逐漸增長(zhǎng)Housepricesarecreepingupagain.房?jī)r(jià)又漸漸上漲。creepv.爬行557.penetrate['penitreit]vt.滲透；穿透；洞察vi.滲透；刺入；看透Theheavyrainhaspenetratedtheroofofmyhouse.大雨滲透了我家的房頂。penetratedwithdiscontent深為不滿Hehaspenetratedintohighsociety.他已經(jīng)踏進(jìn)上層社會(huì)。7.penetrate['penitreit]vt.568.bounce[bauns]n.跳；彈力；活力vt.彈跳；使彈起vi.彈跳；彈起，反跳；彈回Theballbouncedagainstthewall.球彈起擊在墻上。Perhapsbirthrateswillbounceback.或許出生率會(huì)反彈。8.bounce[bauns]n.跳；彈力；活力579.predict[pri'dikt]vt.預(yù)報(bào)，預(yù)言；預(yù)知vi.作出預(yù)言；作預(yù)料，作預(yù)報(bào)Theearthquakehadbeenpredictedseveraldaysbefore.這次地震早在幾天前就已預(yù)報(bào)到了。prediction[pri'dik??n]n.預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)言Hispredictionwasright,buthegottheindustrywrong.他的預(yù)言是正確的，只不過(guò)他說(shuō)錯(cuò)了行業(yè)。

9.predict[pri'dikt]vt.預(yù)報(bào)，預(yù)5810.farfetched['fa:'fet?t]adj.牽強(qiáng)的；亂七八糟的；靠不住的Itsoundsfarfetched,soyoucanchoosetowatchasyouwish.聽(tīng)起來(lái)很牽強(qiáng)，看官們自行選擇吧。11.appoint[?'p?int]vt.任命；指定；約定vi.任命；委派Weappointedtheschool-houseasplaceforthemeeting.我們確定校舍為會(huì)面地點(diǎn)。10.farfetched['fa:'fet?t]ad59Wemustsoonappointanewteachertotheclass.我們必須盡快指派新老師到班里去。[常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)]為…提供設(shè)備，裝置，裝備，配備，布置well-appointed(設(shè)備完備的)Wemustsoonappointanewtea6012.slight[slait]adj.輕微的，少量的；脆弱的；細(xì)長(zhǎng)的；不重要的Youhaveaslightfever.你有一點(diǎn)兒發(fā)燒。notintheslight一點(diǎn)也不，根本vt.輕視，忽略；怠慢toslightone'sduty玩忽職守Hewasslightedinthecorner.他被冷落在屋里的角落。n.怠慢；輕蔑12.slight[slait]adj.輕微的，少量6113.boomvt.使興旺；發(fā)隆隆聲Thegunsboomedagain.槍炮又發(fā)出砰砰聲。蓬勃發(fā)展；興起；興隆，繁榮昌盛；(股票、物價(jià)等)暴漲，猛漲，激增；(在規(guī)模、重要性、活動(dòng)等方面)突然增加；出名BusinessisboomingsinceIenlargedtheshop.自從我擴(kuò)大商店以來(lái)，生意日趨興隆。Theeconomyreformboomedmanynewcities.經(jīng)濟(jì)改革使許多城市興旺發(fā)達(dá)起來(lái)。13.boom6214.nomorethanadv.至多，不多于Eachclasshasnomorethaneightstudents.每個(gè)班級(jí)不超過(guò)八名學(xué)生。littlemorethan(only)僅僅Signingtheformsislittlemorethanaformality.在表格上簽字只是一種形式。14.nomorethanadv.至多，不多于6315.laggard['l?ɡ?d]adj.落后的；遲鈍的；遲緩的n.落后者；遲鈍者Thelaggardservicepatternscauseeasilymedicaldisputesandmakemoremedicalrisks.落后的服務(wù)模式容易導(dǎo)致醫(yī)療糾紛，增加醫(yī)療風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。15.laggard['l?ɡ?d]adj.落后的；6416.flourish['flauri?]vi.1.繁茂，茂盛；繁榮：Thoseplantsyougavemeareflourishing.你給我的那些植物長(zhǎng)得茂盛。2.(人)健壯成長(zhǎng)：Thechildrenareflourishing.孩子們正在茁壯成長(zhǎng)。3.盛飾；炫耀，夸耀：toflourishone'swealth炫耀財(cái)富4.揮舞(刀劍、手臂、帽子等)：Theboysflourishedflagsinthestreets.孩子們?cè)诮诸^揮動(dòng)著他們的旗子。16.flourish['flauri?]vi.6517.ladderHoldtheladderforme,please.請(qǐng)幫我扶住梯子。atthetopofthesocialladder登上社會(huì)的最頂層climb(或getup)theladder往上爬成名，發(fā)跡:Twentyyearslater,heladderedtothetopofhisprofession.20年后，他達(dá)到了自己職業(yè)的頂峰。17.ladder6618.buoyn.救生衣,救生圈(=lifebuoy)vt.使浮起；支撐；鼓勵(lì)Thecutinbankrateisexpectedtobuoyuptheeconomy.銀行利率的降低可望振興經(jīng)濟(jì)。There'snothinglikeagoodjoketobuoyone'sspirits.沒(méi)有什么像一個(gè)好的笑話那樣能振奮人們的精神。18.buoyn.救生衣,救生圈(=lifebuoy)6719.renew[ri'nju:]vt.1.使更新；使復(fù)原：Theyrenewedcontactwithotherimportandexportcorporations.他們與其他進(jìn)出口公司恢復(fù)了聯(lián)系。2.使(精神上)新生；恢復(fù)精力：Havinghadanhour'srest,herenewedhisstrength.休息了一個(gè)小時(shí)后，他恢復(fù)了精力。19.renew[ri'nju:]vt.683.復(fù)興；重建；使再生效：WehaverenewedourfriendlyrelationshipwithWesterncountries.我們與西方國(guó)家已重建友好關(guān)系。renewal[ri'nju:?l]n.更新，恢復(fù)；復(fù)興；補(bǔ)充；革新；續(xù)借；重申3.復(fù)興；重建；使再生效：6920.surpassvt.超越；勝過(guò)，優(yōu)于；非…所能辦到或理解Thecostsofthevacationsurpassedmyexpectation.這次度假的花銷(xiāo)超出了我的預(yù)想。Allofusweresurpassedbyhiscleveranswer.我們?cè)谧拿恳粋€(gè)人誰(shuí)也不會(huì)想到他會(huì)做出這樣機(jī)智的回答。tosurpassoneself超水平發(fā)揮20.surpassvt.超越；勝過(guò)，優(yōu)于；非…所能辦7021.inlinefor即將得到;該輪到I'vebeenwaitinginlineforoveranhour.我已經(jīng)排了一個(gè)多小時(shí)的隊(duì)了。Who'snextinlineforpromotioninyourdepartment?你那個(gè)部門(mén)下一位有希望得到晉升的是誰(shuí)？

21.inlinefor即將得到;該輪到7122.retaliate[ri't?lieit]vi.報(bào)復(fù)；回敬vt.報(bào)復(fù)Ifweraiseourimportdutiesontheirgoods,theymayretaliateagainstus.如果我們提高他們的貨物的進(jìn)口稅，他們可能要對(duì)我們進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)。23.haveastakein與…利害攸關(guān)；參與了。。haveastakeinacompany：在一家公司有股份Bothcountrieshaveastakeinsuchanarrangement.這種安排下，兩國(guó)都是利益攸關(guān)者。22.retaliate[ri't?lieit]vi.72strikev.擊打，碰撞Theshipstruckarock.船觸礁了。v.突然想到，猛地意識(shí)到Itsuddenlystruckmethathowwecoulgimprovethesitiuation.我一下子明白我們?nèi)绾文芨淖兙置妗trikingadj.引人注目的，顯著的Shebearsastrikingresemblancetoheroldersister.她酷似她姐姐。strikev.擊打，碰撞7324.outbid[,aut'bid]vt.在開(kāi)價(jià)上戰(zhàn)勝；出價(jià)高于Heoutbidhisrivalsattheauction.拍賣(mài)中他叫價(jià)高于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。25.branchn.樹(shù)枝，分支，支流Thebankhasbranchesalloverthecountry.那家公司在全國(guó)設(shè)有分支。24.outbid[,aut'bid]vt.在開(kāi)價(jià)上74branchout(intosth)涉足（新工作），拓展（新業(yè)務(wù)）Thecompanyhasnowbranchedoutintosellinginsurance.公司現(xiàn)在已開(kāi)展了保險(xiǎn)銷(xiāo)售的新業(yè)務(wù)。branchoff分岔Justafterthelake,thepathbranchesofftotheright.小路在經(jīng)過(guò)虎吼右邊有條岔道。branchout(intosth)涉足（新工作），75brokerage中間人業(yè)務(wù)1.亦作brokering代理人(或中間人、經(jīng)紀(jì)人、中人)業(yè)務(wù)，經(jīng)紀(jì)業(yè)，2.(付給經(jīng)紀(jì)人、中間人的)手續(xù)費(fèi)，傭金，回扣broker['br?uk?]n.經(jīng)紀(jì)人，掮客brokeragefee經(jīng)紀(jì)人傭金brokerage中間人業(yè)務(wù)7625.overwhelm1.(尤指以軍事力量)壓倒，壓服；擊潰；粉碎：Weoverwhelmedtheenemybysuperiorforces.我們以優(yōu)勢(shì)兵力打垮了敵軍。2.制服；使不知所措；使受不了：Iwasoverwhelmedbysuchatemptation.我經(jīng)受不住那樣的誘惑。3.覆蓋；淹沒(méi)：Floodoverwhelmedthecity.洪水淹沒(méi)了那座城市。25.overwhelm77careern.生涯，職業(yè)，事業(yè)Heisplayingthebestofhiscareer.他正處于網(wǎng)球生涯的巔峰時(shí)刻。V.(失控地)猛沖，疾馳，飛奔Thevehiclecareeredacrosstheroadandhitacyclist.那輛車(chē)沖過(guò)馬路，撞上了一輛自行車(chē)。careern.生涯，職業(yè)，事業(yè)781、“IfthereisaroadtoChina’sfuture,Highway204outofShanghaiisit.”（如果有通往中國(guó)的未來(lái)之路的話，那便是始自上海的204國(guó)道。）1)

Whatistheexactmeaningof“outof”hereinthesentence?

2)

Whydoestheauthorcompare(比喻)Highway204totheroadtoChina’sfuture?(youmayanswerthequestionafteryou’vestudiedthewholearticle.)

答：1）“Highway204outofShanghai”isoneleadingoutofShanghai.2)ThetrafficonHighway204issothick(擁擠)thatthetripalongtheroadishard.

Itindicates(表明)thatthoughChina’seconomyisbooming（繁榮）,itisstillbackwardandthereisalonganddifficultwayyettoChina’sbrighterfuture—becomingthestrongesteconomicpowerintheworld.RapiddevelopmentinChinaisoverwhelming（勢(shì)不可擋）itsbackward（落后）transportnetworks,tobemoreaccurate（準(zhǔn)確）,itsinfrastructure（下部構(gòu)造）andevenitseconomicconditions,whichlimititsfurtherdevelopment.1、“IfthereisaroadtoChina792、“Migrant（遷移）workerscrowdthenarrowshoulders”Whatdoes“shoulders”referto?

答：“Shoulder”heremeanstheedgesofaroad.

3、“Eventually（結(jié)果、最后、終于）,industrygiveswaytoricefields,whichiseingduguptobuildstillmorefactories.”

1)

Whatdoesthephrase（短語(yǔ)）“togivewaytosomething”meanintheabovesentence?

2)

Whatdoestheauthormeantoconvey(傳達(dá))tothereaderswhenheusedtheword“eventually”?

答：1）Togivewaytosomethingmeanstomakeroomforsomething(讓位于某物)inthesentence.

2)Eventuallysometimesimplies(暗指)aninevitable（必然的、不可避免的）result.2、“Migrant（遷移）workerscrowdth804、Pleaseexplainthefollowingphrasesastheyappearingtheirintheirrespective（各自的）contexts:

“dynamic（活躍的、生機(jī)勃勃的）economy”(paragraph2)

“theworld’sdominant（占優(yōu)勢(shì)的、占統(tǒng)治地位的）economy”(paragraph3)

答：Accordingtotheirrespectivecontents,“dynamiceconomy”referstoaneconomyfullofenergy(活力)andactivity(活躍)精力充沛、旺盛;“theworld’sdominanteconomy”meanstheworld’smajoreconomicpower.

5、“Wedon’thavepeople,wedon’thavetime,”saysone.“Thingsaremovingtoofast.”

Whatisthemeaningof“Wedon’thavepeople”intheabovesentence?(Don’ttheofficialsthinkwe’vealreadyhadthelargestpopulationintheworld?)

答：Chinaisshortoftechnicalandmanagementprofessionals(管理專(zhuān)業(yè)人員).

4、Pleaseexplainthefollowing816、“ManyeconomistsbelieveastandardestimateofChina’spercapitagrossnationalproduct($370)isalreadytwotothreetimestoolow.”（許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，對(duì)中國(guó)人均國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值的權(quán)威估計(jì)太低了（370億美元），實(shí)際上應(yīng)該比這一數(shù)字再高出2-3倍）Accordingtotheinformationgiven,couldyoufigureouttheeconomists’ideaaboutChina’spercapitalGNP?(HowmuchdotheseeconomistsbelievetheestimateofChina’spercapitaCNPshouldbe?)

答：$740-$1110

7、“BillClintonhasappointedChinahandstotopAsiapostsattheStateandTreasurydepartments.”

PleasetranslatetheabovesentenceintoChineseandexplaintheimplicationofMr.Clinton’saction.

答：比爾.克林頓已任命華人擔(dān)任國(guó)務(wù)院和財(cái)政部中負(fù)責(zé)亞洲事務(wù)的部門(mén)的要職。6、“Manyeconomistsbelieveas828、Canyouparaphrasethefollowingsentenceinyourownwords,especiallythephraseaworkinprogress?（顯然，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)正處于發(fā)展之中，遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有發(fā)揮出其十億多人口的巨大潛力。）

“Clearly,China’seconomyisaworkinprogress,nowherenearrealizingthepotentialofitsbillion-pluspopulation.”

答：Clearly,China’seconomyisintheprocessofdevelopment,farfrom(遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有)realizing（實(shí)現(xiàn)