上海市高考英語模擬試題9(含解析)

---Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Each,sentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Anopinionpollwasconductedintheearly1990stofindoutthecultural attitudesofresidentsoffivecountriesinWesternEurope(Britain,France,Italy,SpainandGermany).Onethousandpeople,formingarepresentativesampleoftheadultpopulation,fromeachofthefiveparticipatingcountrieswereinterviewed.Thepollassumedthatliterature,history,science,arts,law,economicsandsoonwouldberegardedassignificantelementsofculturebyallparticipants,butitsetouttoexaminetheareaswhichtheyconsideredthemostimportantformsofculturalexpression.Inaddition,thepollrequiredintervieweestoindicateinaquestionnairethetypeofeducationtheyconsideredmostappropriateforthemodernworld,thebestchannelsofknowledgeandartstheymostvalued.47Theresultsofthepollshowinterestingdifferencesbetweentheparticipatingnationsintermsofwhichcomponentsofculturetheyregardasmostimportantformsofculturalexpression.FortheFrenchandItalians,literaturecomeswellatthetopofthelist.48Historyoccupiessecondplacefor theFrench,theItaliansandGermansbutisgivenverylowprioritybytheBritish.FortheSpanishthesefourareasaremoreorlessequal,withmathematicshavingaslightedge.Itseemsthatmembersofeachcountryinthesurveyhaveacommondefinitionofculturebutthatdefinitionvariesfromcountrytocountry.49TheFrenchandItaliansareliterarypeoples,theBritishscientificandtheGermanspracticalandhard-working.Francehasthedistinction,accordingtotheresultsofthepoll,ofbeingthecountrywhichprovokesmostinterestfromitsBritish.ItalianandGermanneighbors.50TheFrenchalsoplacedItalyfirst.ItalyoccupiessecondplaceforboththeBritishandtheGermans.Itwouldseem,then,thatthe “l(fā)iterary"nationsofFranceandItalyaremoreculturallyexcitingthanthescientificBritishorthepracticalGermans!Incontrast,mathematicsisgivenprioritybytheBritishandeconomics,/politicsbytheGermans.TherearecleardifferencesintheviewsofvariousEuropeannations.TheintervieweeswerealsoaskedwhichEuropeancountrytheyfoundmostattractivefromaculturalpointofview.SpanishintervieweesindicatedmoreinterestinItalythaninFrance.Theresidentsofthefivecountriesofthesurveysharetheviewthatbooksarethebestwayofbroadeningknowledge.Thevariationstendtosupportthenationalstereotypeswehaveofoneanother.【答案】47.C48.A49.F50.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一個關(guān)于西歐五個國家 （英國、法國、意大利、西班牙和德國）居民的文化態(tài)度的民意調(diào)查。47題詳解】根據(jù)空前的“Inaddition,thepollrequiredintervieweestoindicateinaquestionnairethetypeofeducationtheyconsideredmostappropriateforthemodernworld,thebestchannelsofknowledgeandartstheymostvalued.”可知，此外，調(diào)查要求受訪者在問卷中指出他們認為最適合現(xiàn)代世界的教育類型、他們最重視的知識和藝術(shù)的最佳渠道，此處承接上文，講的還是受訪者被要求回答的問題，故C項（受訪者還被問及，從文化角度看，他們認為哪個歐洲國家最具吸引力）符合語境。48題詳解】本空前說對于法國人和意大利人來說，文學是最好的選擇，空后又說法國人、意大利人和德國人把歷史排在第二位，但英國人對歷史的重視程度很低，此處應(yīng)該介紹其他學科的情況，故A項（相比之下，數(shù)學被英國人優(yōu)先考慮，經(jīng)濟學/政治學被德國人優(yōu)先考慮）符合語境。49題詳解】根據(jù)本空前的“Itseemsthatmembersofeachcountryinthesurveyhaveacommondefinitionofculturebutthatdefinitionvariesfromcountrytocountry.”可知，調(diào)查中每個國家的人似乎對文化都有一個共同的定義，但這個定義因國家而異，此處承接上文，講的是這種文化差異帶來的影響，故 F項（這些差異往往支持我們對彼此的國家刻板印象）符合語境。50題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“TheFrenchalsoplacedItalyfirst.”可知，法國也把意大利排在第一位，此處應(yīng)該提到一種對意大利更感興趣的情況，故 D項（西班牙受訪者對意大利的興趣高于法國）符合語境?！军c睛】在六選四的解題過程中，一定要注意選項和上下文中出現(xiàn)的表示轉(zhuǎn)折、并列或遞進關(guān)系的詞語，這些關(guān)聯(lián)詞往往是重要線索，例如本篇第 4題，根據(jù)空后的“TheFrenchalsoplacedItalyfirst.”可知，法國也把意大利排在第一位，“also”一詞表明此處應(yīng)該提到一種與后面并列的情況，即：對意大利更感興趣，故 D項（西班牙受訪者對意大利的興趣高于法國）符合語境。IV.SummaryWriting（10%）51.Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarize,themainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Thebabyelephant,Sheila,wasmovedoutofBelfastZoobecauseoffearsthatshemightbehitbybombers（轟炸機 ）duringtheBelfastBlitz（貝爾法斯特閃電戰(zhàn) ）of1941.Shewasoneoftheluckyones.Alotofanimalswerekilledbecauseoffearsthattheymightescapeduringthebombingandattackpeople.Theseincludedatiger ，ablackbear,alynx,ahyena,andtwopolarbears.ButSheilawaswalkeddowntheroadbyzoo-keeperstoanearbyhousewhereawomangavehersanctuary（庇護）inherbackyardforseveralmonthsuntilthebombingwasover.Asthezoocelebratesits75thbirthday,thebosseshavedecidedtotrytoidentifythewomanMarkChallisisthemanagerofBelfastZoo.HeexplainedabitmoreaboutSheila’sstory.WellweknowthatSheila，theelephantthatwasinthezooatthattime,spentsometimelivingwithaladyrelativelyneartothezooandwehaveonesweetphotograph,youcanseeitonourzoowebsite,”dherfriend,honestlyWehaveaphotographoftheelephantwiththeladyanandliterallyinherbackgardenandthatroughlyallweknow.dherfriend,honestlySowe’rejusttryingtofindalittlebitmoreinformationandmaybe,notsurethattheladymightbealive,butmaybeherrelativesorsomebodywillrecognizethebackofthathouseandwecanfillinsomedetailonthisstory. ”O(jiān)ncethebombingwasover，Sheilawentbacktothezooandlivedforanotherquarterofacentury.Shediedofaskindiseasein1966.【答案】Thispassagetellsastoryofanelephant,Sheila.Itwasprotectedbyawarm-heartedladyfromthebombingduringtheBelfastBlitz.Nowithasdied.Butthezoowhereitwasoncekept,onits75thbirthday,wantedtofindtheladyandcompletetheinformationaboutthestoryoftheelephant.（54words）【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達是概要寫作，注意要使用自己的語言和詞數(shù)要求?！驹斀狻扛鶕?jù)第一段中的“Thebabyelephant,Sheila”及第四段中的“Sheila’sstory”可知，文章介紹的是小象希拉的故事，概括為：Thispassagetellsastoryofanelephant,Sheila.（這篇文章講述了一頭大象希拉的故事）；根據(jù)第二段中的“becauseoffearsthatshemightbehitbybombers（轟炸機）duringtheBelfastBlitz（貝爾法斯特閃電戰(zhàn) ）of1941”可知，是因為擔心希拉在貝爾法斯特閃電戰(zhàn)中被炸死，它才被轉(zhuǎn)移出來的，再根據(jù)第三段中的“ButSheilawaswalkeddowntheroadbyzoo-keeperstoanearbyhousewhereawomangavehersanctuary（庇護）inherbackyard”可知，希拉被動物管理員帶到附近的一所房子里，在那里一個女人在她的后院給了她庇護，概括為：Itwasprotectedbyawarm-heartedladyfromthebombingduringtheBelfastBlitz.（貝爾法斯特閃電戰(zhàn)期間，一位熱心的女士保護它免受轟炸）；根據(jù)最后一段中的“Shediedofaskindiseasein1966.”可知，1966年，希拉死于皮膚病，要點為：Nowithasdied.（現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)死了）；根據(jù)第四段到最后一段內(nèi)容，特別是第四段中的“Asthezoocelebratesits75thbirthday,thebosseshavedecidedtotrytoidentifythewomanMarkChallisisthemanagerofBelfastZoo.”可知，在動物園成立75周年之際，老板們決定努力確認貝爾法斯特閃電戰(zhàn)期間給希拉提供庇護的那位女士的身份，再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“andwecanfillinsomedetailonthisstory.”可知，找到她是為了補充大象希拉的故事的一些細節(jié)，概括為：Butthezoowhereitwasoncekept,onits75thbirthday,wantedtofindtheladyandcomplete

theinformationaboutthestoryoftheelephant.（但是，在它75歲生日那天，曾經(jīng)飼養(yǎng)它的動物園想要找到這位女士，并完成關(guān)于大象故事的信息）V.Translation（15%）Directions：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish ，usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.他們考慮了各種因素之后才做出最終決定。（until）人們普遍認為讓兒童看暴力的電視節(jié)目幾乎是一種犯罪行為。（expose）他一打開門就發(fā)現(xiàn)放在桌上的錢包不翼而飛了。（Hardly）盡管投了巨資 ,人們最初反應(yīng)也很興奮，但這部動作片的票房表現(xiàn)卻很糟糕。（Despite）【答案】52.Theydidn’tmakethefinaldecisionuntilvariousfactorshadbeentakenintoconsideration.salmostacrimetoexposeIt’sgenerally/universallyacknowledgedthatitchildrentoviolenceonTV.salmostacrimetoexposegone/vanished/gone/vanished/disappeared..,,actionmovieperformedpoorlyattheboxoffice.I_I，、I【解析】Despitehugeamountsofinvestmentandpeople’sinitialexcitedreactionthis【解析】J..目H/、，B~n、p、,，\.WrL[,戶廣[丁I—\,[，【、-加口、p本題考查翻譯注意按括號內(nèi)的要求翻譯52題詳解】52題詳解】考查時態(tài)和notuntil的用法。takestnlntoconsiderln表示"考慮"，not|until…表示“直到……才”事情發(fā)生在過去從句表示的動作發(fā)生在?表示“直到……才,p-*IM/>J―I-I—L-*A-2, ■rj/I4/JA-人，??-^―/yvrj/]<--、//'HJI\/>J―I-I—■■■句動作之前，也就是過去的過去，應(yīng)該用過去完成時，故翻譯為：Theydidn’tmakethefinaldecisionuntilvariousfactorshadbeentakenintoconsideration.【53題詳解】考查形式主語。it'sacknowledgedthat…表示"公認 ",其中it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句，it's+a（n）+可數(shù)名詞+todosth表示“做某事是一種……:其中it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式，exposesbtosth表示“使某人暴露于、接觸某物”，講述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時，故翻譯為：It’sgenerally/universallyacknowledgedthatit’salmostacrimetoexposechildrentoviolenceonTV.【54題詳解】考查倒裝和固定句式。在 hardly???when??表示“一 就 :主句一般用過去完成時，when后的從句用一般過去時，注意 hardly后的部分要用倒裝語序，故翻譯為：Hardlyhadheopenedthedoorwhenhefoundthatthewalletputonthetablewasgone/vanished/disappeared.【55題詳解】考查讓步狀語從句。despite表示“盡管”，后接名詞或動名詞，attheboxoffice表示“在票房收入上”，講述的是過去的事情，應(yīng)該用一般過去時，Despite+名詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，主句主語為thisactionmovie，謂語為performed，故翻譯為：Despitehugeamountsofinvestmentandpeople’sinitialexcitedreaction,thisactionmovieperformedpoorlyattheboxoffice.VI.GuidedWriting(25%)56.Directions：WritecmEnglishcompositionin120 —150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.高中即將畢業(yè)，你作為畢業(yè)生代表，將在畢業(yè)典禮上用英語作一個簡短的演講。演講內(nèi)容包括：對高中生活 感悟；對老師、母校、同學的感謝；對未來的展望。MydearteachersMydearteachersIt’sagreathonorforme,beingtherepresentativeofalltheSeniorThreestudents,todeliverabrieffarewellspeechhere.Ithasbeenthreeyears,threewholeyears,sinceI ’vebeenhere,atmydearestschool,learningawiderangeofknowledge.Theclassrooms,whichwillsoonberefreshedwithbrandnewandnativefaces,haveoncebeentheplacewhereweburiedourselvesinbooks,wherewediscussedovermathsproblemsandwhereweweretaughtbyouradorableteachers.We’llneverforgetthat,it’syou,themostrespectablepeoplethroughouttheworld,whopassedyourprofoundknowledgetous,withthemostcontagiousvoice,expectinginnocencetobereplacedwithcreativity.Whatevermistakeswe ’vemade,you’llneverbeannoyed.Whatyoudidwasonlypointoutthecoreofthewrongpartmeanwhileyoupattedusonourshouldersfullofexpectations.Oh,mydearschoolmates,wipeawayyourtears!Longistheroadaheadofus.Blurringasoureyesmightbe,wehavetosmiletotheceruleansky,forthecompetitionwillneverbecomelessfierceoutsidetheschoolgate.Therefore,justlightupyourhopesandembraceourgloriousfuturewhichisshiningwithbrightgoldencolors.Thankyou!【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達是提綱類作文，要求寫一篇演講稿。【詳解】第 1步：根據(jù)提示可知，本文要求寫一篇演講稿：高中即將畢業(yè)，你作為畢業(yè)生代表，將在畢業(yè)典禮上用英語作一個簡短的演講。演講內(nèi)容包括：1.對高中生活的感悟；2.對老師、母校、同學的感謝；3.對未來的展望。時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時。第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關(guān)鍵詞（組），如；farewellspeech（告別演講），knowledge（知識），respectable（可敬的），profound（淵博的），contagious（有感染力的），expectation（期待），glorious（輝煌的）及 competition（競爭）等。第3步：根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進行遣詞造句，注意主謂一