新視野英語(yǔ)2課后答案

新視野英語(yǔ)2課后答案新視野英語(yǔ)2課后答案新視野英語(yǔ)2課后答案資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月新視野英語(yǔ)2課后答案版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：讀說(shuō)寫2UnitoneVocabularyA1.mitment5.relieved6.shrinking7.enrollments8.scarcely9.sequence10.strideB1-5ADBCB6-10ACACDCloze1.requires2.dimensional3.thoughtfully4.lines5.next6.summarize7.own8.notes9.out10.refuse11.front12.content13.act14.value15.accent16.distracting17.effort18.advantage19.forth20.conclusionsTranslation[A]1.那位教授很可能在他唯一的學(xué)生缺席的情況下對(duì)著空空的教室講了一課。Theprofessormightprobablyhavedeliveredhislecturetotheemptyclassroomintheabsenceofhissolitarystudent.2. 現(xiàn)行的教育體制遭到了公眾的批評(píng)，公眾已經(jīng)開始意識(shí)到這種體制給學(xué)生帶來(lái)的危害。Thepresenteducationalsystemhasbeenunderattackfromthepublic,whohavebeguntorealizetheharmthesystemhasdonetostudents.3. 老師告訴這些大四學(xué)生他每次都會(huì)點(diǎn)名，因?yàn)檫@門課是必須要聽的。Theprofessortoldthoseseniorsthathewouldtakeattendanceeverytimebecauseattendanceatthiscoursewascompulsory.4. 我真想?yún)⒓幽愕膯踢w聚會(huì)。但是很抱歉我無(wú)法去,因?yàn)槲矣幸淮蠖咽虑橐觥’dlovetogotoyourhousewarmingparty,butI’msorryIcan’tmakeitbecauseI’vegotastackofthingstodo.5. 中學(xué)輟學(xué)的年青人可以上夜?；蛲ㄟ^(guò)電大和函授課程恢復(fù)他們的學(xué)業(yè)。Youthswhodroppedoutofmiddleschoolcanresumetheirstudiesatnightschoolorthroughtelevisionandcorrespondencecourses.6. 她不喜歡那位著名作家的講座，但她為了在講座后得到他的簽名還是耐著性子聽完了。Shedidn’tlikethefamouswriter’slecture,butshestuckitouttogetthewriter’sautographafterthelecture.7. 我對(duì)講座制所體現(xiàn)的冷漠無(wú)情非常失望，但是最終我還是無(wú)奈接受了它，并耐心等待成為大三的學(xué)生。Iwasdisappointedattheimpersonalityofthelecturesystem,buteventuallyIgrewresignedtothesystemandwaitedpatientlytobecomeajunior.8. 我們不得不承認(rèn)講座體制會(huì)把教師和學(xué)生天真的問(wèn)題隔絕開來(lái)，而這些問(wèn)題很可能會(huì)引起學(xué)生很多有用的想法。Wehavetoadmitthatthelecturesysteminsulatesateacherfromstudents’naivequestions,whichcouldhavetriggeredalineofusefulthought.9. 我不同意那些評(píng)論家的意見。你得出的結(jié)論絕不是沒(méi)有價(jià)值的。對(duì)我而言，這些結(jié)論很有道理。Idon’tagreewiththosecritics’opinions.Yourconclusionsarefarfromworthless;theymakeagooddealofsensetome.10. 為了學(xué)生本身的緣故，應(yīng)該在第一節(jié)課就告訴他們這門課的目的，內(nèi)容以及要通過(guò)這門課的要求。Forthesakeofthestudents,theyshouldbetoldonthefirstclassabouttheobjectiveandcontentofthecourseandtherequirementstopassthecourse.[B]Oneproblemwithlecturesisthatlisteningintelligentlyishardwork.Readingthesamematerialinatextbookisamoreefficientwaytolearnbecausestudentscanproceedasslowlyastheyneedtountilthesubjectmatterbecomescleartothem.Evensimplypayingattentionisverydifficult;peoplecanlistenatarateoffourhundredtosixhundredwordsaminute,whilethemostimpassionedprofessortalksatscarcelyathirdofthatspeed.Thistimelagbetweenspeechandcomprehensionleadstodaydreaming.Manystudentsbelieveyearsofwatchingtelevisionhavesabotagedtheirattentionspan,buttheirrealproblemisthatlisteningattentivelyismuchharderthantheythink.(Para.9)聽講課存在的一個(gè)問(wèn)題是：會(huì)聽是很難的事。閱讀課本中的相同內(nèi)容是更有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生可以根據(jù)其需要慢慢閱讀直到他們理解這些內(nèi)容。有時(shí)甚至僅僅做到專心聽講都很難。人們可以以每分鐘400-600個(gè)字的速度聽，而最富有激情的教授說(shuō)話的速度也很難達(dá)到這個(gè)速度的1/3。講話和理解之間的時(shí)間差導(dǎo)致開小差。很多學(xué)生認(rèn)為多年來(lái)看電視已經(jīng)削弱了他們保持注意力的能力。但是他們真正的問(wèn)題是專心聽課比他們認(rèn)為的要難得多。Lectureswillneverentirelydisappearfromtheuniversityscenebothbecausetheyseemtobeeconomicallynecessaryandbecausetheyspringfromalongtraditioninasettingthatvaluestraditionforitsownsake.Butthelecturestoofrequentlycomeatthewrongendofthestudents’educationalcareers—duringthefirsttwoyears,whentheymostneedclose,evenindividual,instruction.Iflectureclasseswererestrictedtojuniorsandseniors,whoarelessinneedofscholarlynurturingandmoreabletoprepareworkontheirown,theywouldbefarlessdestructiveofstudents’interestsandenthusiasmsthanthepresentsystem.Afterall,studentsmustlearntolistenbeforetheycanlistentolearn.(Para.15)講課這一方式不會(huì)完全從大學(xué)消失。一是因?yàn)橹v課似乎從經(jīng)濟(jì)上是必需的，二是講課起源于悠久的傳統(tǒng)，而且人們又把傳統(tǒng)本身看得很重。但是，講課通常出現(xiàn)在學(xué)生接受教育生涯的錯(cuò)誤的那一端——在大學(xué)的第一和第二年，那時(shí)他們最需要密切的、甚至是針對(duì)個(gè)體需要的指導(dǎo)。如果講課這一形式局限于三、四年級(jí)的學(xué)生，則對(duì)學(xué)生的興趣和熱情的破壞力會(huì)比目前的制度小得多，因?yàn)槿?、四年?jí)的學(xué)生不太需要學(xué)科上的指導(dǎo)與幫助，而且更有能力自己制定學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。畢竟，學(xué)生在能夠從聽講課中學(xué)到知識(shí)之前必須先要學(xué)會(huì)去聽。UnittwoVocabularyA1.studded2.mischief3.evoked4.tyranny5.humdrum6.prelude7.frugal8.frail9.treacherous10.foraysB1-5BCCAD6-10ACBADCloze1.boarders2.build3.extended4.right5.regular6.familiar7.by8.homely9.mobile10.maintaining11.keep12.even13.well14.touch15.closer16.fewer17.sense18.step19.waiting20.imaginationTranslation[A]1.這一地區(qū)的每一角落都將在5年內(nèi)得到供電,這是電力部長(zhǎng)2年前許下的諾言。Everynookandcorneroftheregionwouldbeprovidedwithelectricityinfiveyears.Thiswasthepledgethattheministerofelectricityhadtakentwoyearsago.2. 由于要在不同地區(qū)做實(shí)地考察工作,他去年一年搬 了4次家，雖然他每次都搬得很不情愿。Inordertodofieldworkatdifferentplaces,hemovedfourtimeslastyear,thougheachtimehediditwithanillgrace.3. 在離開這個(gè)雜亂無(wú)序、毒品充斥的小鎮(zhèn)前，他把自 己所有值錢的家當(dāng)都放到一起并按一定的秩序存放 了起來(lái)。Beforeleavingthisdisordered,drug-riddensmalltown,hegatheredtogetherinoneplaceallhisvaluablepossessionsandintroducedsomesemblanceoforderamongthem.4. 她小時(shí)候家境貧寒，沒(méi)有幾件對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)有意義的東西,所以她擁有過(guò)的每一個(gè)玩具都能勾起她串串回憶。Herfamilywaspoorwhenshewasachild.Thethingsthatmatteredagreatdealtoherwereveryfew.Therefore,everytoyshehadplayedwithcouldevokearushofmemories.5. 整整一個(gè)小時(shí)，警察們?cè)趽頂D的樓群里艱難地行進(jìn)， 尋找一位射殺了5人的在逃持槍者。Foranhour,policementhreadedtheirwaythroughthecrowdedbuildings,lookingforanelusivegunmanwhohadshotfivepeople.6. 對(duì)很多人來(lái)說(shuō)，旅行或離家外出一段時(shí)日是應(yīng)對(duì)日常 單調(diào)乏味生活的一個(gè)有效手段。Formanypeople,travelingorstayingawayfromhomeforsometimeisaneffectiveantidotetothehumdrumactivitiesofeverydaylife.7. 當(dāng)今婦女比以前享有更加自由、獨(dú)立的地位，因此她 們?cè)絹?lái)越不愿意屈從于丈夫的專橫暴虐。Womentodayenjoyafreer,moreindependentpositionthaneverbefore,andareaccordinglylessandlesswillingtosubmittothetyrannyoftheirhusbands.8. 心絞痛常常是心臟病的前兆，需要特別治療，主要是 藥物治療。Anginapectorisisoftenapreludetoaheartattackandrequiresspecialtreatment,primarilywithdrugs.9. 我們決定挖空這些大圓木，以便更多的人能坐在里面 并乘坐他們順河而下。Wedecidetohollowoutthegreatlogssothatmoremencouldsitinsidethemandrideinthemdowntheriver.10. 這場(chǎng)大火把宮殿里所有東西都?xì)У袅?。沒(méi)有一件華麗的鑲嵌著金銀的家具幸存下來(lái)。Thefiredestroyedeverythinginthepalace.Nothingofthemagnificentfurniture,studdedwithgoldandsilver,hassurvived.[B]Mostofusassociateverystronglywiththeplaceofourbirthortheplacewehavelearnedtocallhome.Itcanhurtverymuchnottobeabletogotherephysicallyinordertofeelsecure.我們大多數(shù)人都把自己同自己的出生地或我們稱之為家的地方緊密相聯(lián)。不能回家以獲得安全感是令人痛苦的。Otherstudentsareveryexcitedinthebeginningonlytofind,afterseveralweeks,thattheyarestartingtomisswhatwasfamiliarandwishforavisitwithfriendsandfamily.別的學(xué)生一開始很興奮，幾周后卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己開始想念所熟知的事物，并希望見到朋友和家人。Homesicknesscanstrikeanyofuswhenwehavemovedtonewsurroundingsandarebeingcalledupontomeetourneedsinadifferentwayandwithdifferentpeople.當(dāng)我們搬遷到新的環(huán)境，需要以不同方式與不同的人交往以滿足自己的需要的時(shí)候,我們每個(gè)人都會(huì)有想家的感覺Sometimesitcanbecomeamoreseriousdepressionifthepersoncannotbegintomeethis/herneedsforloveandbelongingwithnewpeople.有時(shí),如果這個(gè)人開始對(duì)愛的需要不能得到滿足，想融入新群體的愿望又不能實(shí)現(xiàn),那么想家就可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的憂郁癥。Often,homesicknessisanotherwayofsayingwearescaredtofacethefuture,orthatwe’redoubtingourabilitytocope.通常,想家是另一種表明我們害怕面對(duì)未來(lái)或懷疑自己應(yīng)對(duì)能力的方式。UnitthreeVocabularyA1.ponents3.derived4.biodiversity5.monoculture6.uncounted7.multiplied8.captivity9.legislation10.conservationB1-5ACDBD6-10ACBBDCloze1.contain2.isolation3.different4.only5.major6.urban7.natural8.native9.extensively10.dramatic11.extinction12.contributed13.numerous14.developing15.important16.storing17.maintains18.view19.survive20.claimTranslation[A]1. 由生物多樣性的喪失而引起的對(duì)人類和地球的威脅和由氣候變化所帶來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)一樣大。Thethreattohumanityandtheplanetposedbybiodiversitylossisasgreatasthedangerspresentedbyclimatechange.2. 收到年輕讀者表達(dá)他們對(duì)被囚動(dòng)物的關(guān)心的信，并詢問(wèn)他們能幫助做什么，我們總是很高興。Wearealwayshappytohearfromyoungreadersexpressingconcernforanimalsincaptivityandaskingwhattheycandotohelp.3. 這兩個(gè)最盛行的理論都認(rèn)為恐龍之所以滅絕是因?yàn)榈厍虼髿夂蜏囟鹊淖兓斐傻?。Thetwomostpopulartheoriesbothsaythatdinosaursdiedoutbecauseofchangesintheearth’satmosphereandtemperature.4. 這場(chǎng)森林大火最終被消防隊(duì)所控制住了，花費(fèi)將近50萬(wàn)美元。Theforestfirewasfinallybroughtundercontrolbythefire-fightingcrewsatacostofnearlyhalfamilliondollars.5. 植物根莖能夠固定土壤，使之不會(huì)被雨水沖蝕。Plantrootscanholdthesoilinpositionandpreventitfrombeingwashedawaybytherainwater.6. 健康的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)以能源、營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)、有機(jī)物質(zhì)和水的可持續(xù)更替為特點(diǎn)。Healthyecosystemsarecharacterizedbysustainableturnoversofenergy,nutrients,organicmatterandwater.7. 在世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)一份新的報(bào)告中，科學(xué)家警告說(shuō)全球變暖可能在今后20年中滅絕北極熊。InanewreportbytheWWF,scientistshavewarnedthatglobalwarmingcouldkilloffpolarbearswithinthenext20years.8. 犁過(guò)的地對(duì)流水沒(méi)有防范能力，因而珍貴的表土常常在大雨和洪水中被沖走。Plowedfieldsdon’thaveanyprotectionagainstrunningwater,andoftenthevaluabletopsoiliscarriedawayduringheavyrainsorfloods.9. 這個(gè)花園比前兩天要安靜多了，但周圍還是有很多各式各樣的鳥。Thegardenwasconsiderablyquieterthanithadbeentheprevioustwodays,buttherewerestillagoodvarietyofbirdsaround.10. 盡管有不同的預(yù)計(jì)，但總體上人們認(rèn)為用于制作現(xiàn)代藥品的活性成分有大約30%到40%是從植物中提取的，或同植物有關(guān)。Whileestimatesdiffer,itisgenerallybelievedthataround30%–40%oftheactiveingredientsusedinmodernmedicinesarederivedfrom,orrelatedto,plants.[B]Oneofthesereasonsisthateachlife-formoccupiesaspecialplacewithinitsecosystem—thatis,itscommunityofplantandanimallife,incombinationwiththenonlivingcomponentsofitsenvironmentsuchastheclimate,soil,water,andair.Forinstance,withinaforestthelargertreesdropofflittletwigsanddebris,makingalayerthatholdswaterinthesoilforotherplantstouse.Therootsholdthesoilandpreventitfromwashingawayinrainstorms.Whetherlivingordead,thetreeprovidesshelterforanimalsandbirdsandfoodforinsects.Asthedeadtreerotsaway,itenrichesthesoiloftheforestfloor,enablingotherplantstospringupinitsplace.Suchlargetreesareanexampleofwhatwecallkeystonespecies;iftheydisappearedfromtheirecosystem,theconsequenceswouldbefeltthroughoutthecommunityofotherspecieslivingintheforest.“Thelossofakeystonespeciesislikeadrillaccidentallystrikingapowerline,”saysbiologistEdwardWilsonofHarvardUniversity.“Itcauseslightstogooutallover.”理由之一是,每個(gè)物種在它所處的由所有動(dòng)植物和無(wú)生命的氣候、土壤、水和空氣等組成的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中都占有一個(gè)特殊的地位。例如,在森林中，較高的樹掉下的殘枝在土壤中形成一個(gè)水份保持層，供其它植物利用。它們的根可以固定土壤，防止土壤被暴雨沖走。無(wú)論是活樹還是枯樹都可以為動(dòng)物和鳥提供棲息地，為昆蟲提供食物?？輼涓癄€以后還可以肥沃森林的土壤，得以使其它植物從原處拔地而出。這樣的大樹就是我們所說(shuō)的主要物種;如果它們從生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中消失,其后果會(huì)遍及所有居住在森林的其它物種。哈佛大學(xué)的生物學(xué)家愛德華·威爾遜說(shuō)：“一個(gè)主要物種的消失就像鉆頭意外地鉆斷電線，導(dǎo)致四處斷電。”在當(dāng)前第六次“大滅絕”時(shí)期,每小時(shí)平均有三個(gè)物種滅絕，也就是每天有74個(gè)物種滅絕,每年合計(jì)達(dá)27,000個(gè)。其中有些物種——雖然我們不確定是哪些——毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)是主要物種。UnitfourVocabularyA1.wess8.shunned9.assimilating10.forgoB1-5BCADA6-10BDCCACloze1.previous2.created3.traits4.giving5.include6.to7.face8.when9.waste10.with11.offer12.seriously13.fluid14.rigid15.play16.initiative17.for18.assure19.stay20.aloneTranslation[A]1. 經(jīng)過(guò)五年的實(shí)踐,他現(xiàn)在對(duì)同國(guó)際投資和貿(mào)易相關(guān)的法律事務(wù)已很在行了。Havingpracticedforabout5years,heisnowadeptatlegalissuesrelatingtointernationalinvestmentandtrade.2. 根據(jù)一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，X一代對(duì)退休后依靠社會(huì)保障持懷疑態(tài)度。和先輩們相比，他們?cè)缫验_始在為退休而省錢了。Accordingtoasurvey,GenXersareskepticalaboutrelyingonSocialSecuritywhentheyretire.Theybegansavingforretirementearlycomparedwiththeirpredecessors.3. 通過(guò)這種輕松舒適的腳摩治療，你白天所有的煩惱壓力好象都消失了。Allthecaresandstressesofyourdayseemtofadeawayundertherelaxingandcomfortabletreatmentoffootmassage.4. 研究表明大部分員工都很看重他們卓有成效的工作能夠得到認(rèn)可或贊賞。Studiesshowthatmostemployeesplaceahighvalueonbeingrecognizedorbeingcomplementedforajobwelldone.5. 急診室里擠滿了來(lái)看常見病的病人，因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有固定的醫(yī)生。Emergencyroomswerecloggedwithpatientswhocamefortreatmentofrelativelyroutinemedicalproblemsbecausetheydidn’thavearegulardoctor.6. 任何一個(gè)試圖訓(xùn)練或幫助一名新技術(shù)經(jīng)理轉(zhuǎn)變角色成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的人都可以從這本書中獲得有用的想法。Anyonetryingtocoachorhelpanewtechnicalmanagermakethetransitiontoaleadershiprolecangetusefulideasfromthisbook.7. 大多數(shù)時(shí)候如果你走捷徑完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，結(jié)果則需要你做一些修補(bǔ)工作,而其所花的時(shí)間會(huì)是你走捷徑所省下的時(shí)間的兩倍。Mostofthetimewhenyoutakeashortcutforcompletingaprojectyouwillendupdoingsomerepairworklaterthatwilltakedoublethetimeyousavedbytheshortcut.8. 那些不能在個(gè)人和職業(yè)生活之間設(shè)置合理界限的員工是不能理解生活和工作的意義的。Employeeswhofailtosetappropriateboundariesbetweentheirpersonalandprofessionalliveswillnotbeabletounderstandthemeaningoflifeandwork.9. 這一運(yùn)動(dòng)的目的是訓(xùn)練人們?cè)诿鎸?duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)有序而職業(yè)地作出反應(yīng)。Thepurposeoftheexercisewastotrainstafftoreactinadisciplinedandprofessionalmannerwheninthepresenceofdanger.10. 大多數(shù)X一代人都有放棄職業(yè)發(fā)展而花費(fèi)更多時(shí)間來(lái)陪妻子和孩子的愿望,特別是在他們孩子還小的那幾年。MostGenXershavethedesiretoforgocareeradvancementformoretimewiththeirwifeandchildren,especiallyintheearlyyearsoftheirchildren’slives.[B]GenXers,ontheotherhand,watchedthesacrificesthattheirparentsmadetomoveupthecareerladder,onlytobemetwithmassivelayoffsinAmericancorporations.然而，X一代人目睹了他們的父母為了職業(yè)晉升而做出犧牲，結(jié)果卻遭遇了美國(guó)公司的大量裁員。Thesedifferentperspectivescanoftenleadtoclashesintheworkplace.Eachgroupispronetogeneralizationsabouttheother.這些不同的觀點(diǎn)視角常常導(dǎo)致工作中的沖突。他們彼此都易于把對(duì)方概念化。GenXersseenoreasontopaytheirduesbecausetheycangetthejobdonebetterandfasterandstillhavetimefortheirlifestylesandfamily.X一代人認(rèn)為自己沒(méi)有理由要盡職苦干，因?yàn)樗麄兡馨压ぷ髯龅糜趾糜挚?，而且仍有時(shí)間來(lái)休閑和陪伴家人。Somewouldsaytheonlysolutionisthelegalsystem,whereage-biaslawsuitsmayriseasboomersage.有人會(huì)說(shuō)唯一的解決辦法是通過(guò)司法體系，因?yàn)殡S著嬰兒潮時(shí)期的人不斷變老，與年齡歧視有關(guān)的訴訟可能會(huì)增加。Buthistorywillrepeatitselfasthebabyboomersleavetheworkforce,theGenXersrisetopowerandgenerationYemployeescomeonthescene.但是，歷史就是如此循還往復(fù)—隨著嬰兒潮時(shí)期出生的人開始退休，X一代開始掌權(quán)，Y一代開始步入社會(huì)。UnitsixVocabularyA1.deplored2.pervades3.requisite4.workaholics5.hereditary6.extravagant7.crave8.mania9.one-upmanship10.overwhelmB1-5CBDBA6-10DCBACCplicated8.skyrocket9.static10.boost11.colleague12.seek13.accept14.rate15.close16.aspiration17.beyond18.size19.fail20.satisfyingTranslation[A]1. 在追求幸福的過(guò)程中，人們注定要遭受許多挫折。Peoplearepreordainedtosuffermanyfrustrationsintheirquestforhappiness.2.美國(guó)是一個(gè)雄心勃勃的民族。各行各界的人們都面臨著力求出類拔萃的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力。Americanisanambitiousnation.Peoplefromeverywalkoflifefacethepressureoffiercecompetitiontoexcel.3.當(dāng)天買賣股票投機(jī)是一種危險(xiǎn)的謀財(cái)之道。Daytradingisadangerouswayoftryingtomakeafortune.4.數(shù)百萬(wàn)人懷著暴發(fā)致富的幻想花錢買彩票。Millionsofpeoplehaveafantasyaboutgettingrichquickandspendmoneyonlotteries.5.人們擔(dān)心如果軍備競(jìng)賽失控，世界局勢(shì)將進(jìn)一步惡化Thereisafearthatifthearmsracegetsoutofhand,theworldsituationwillbeworseoff.6.為了保護(hù)自己免遭失敗的痛苦就放棄自己的抱負(fù)是不明智的。Itisnotsensibletogiveupone’sownambitioninordertoshieldoneselffromthebitter