綜合英語教程2第四單元答案cultural encounters

綜合英語教程2第四單元答案culturalencounters綜合英語教程2第四單元答案culturalencounters綜合英語教程2第四單元答案culturalencounters資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月綜合英語教程2第四單元答案culturalencounters版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：CulturalEncountersTextcomprehensionI.BII.1.T;2.F;3.T;4.T;5.T.III.1.“snailmail”.2.“anessentialsteppingstoneontheroadtosuccess”.3.“theprofoundrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturethatliesattheheartofsociety”.4.“themeanstoshapeourviewsoftheworld”.5.“tonegotiatetheboundariesbetweenlanguagesandtocompromiseintranslation”.6.“touselinguisticskills,tothinkdifferently,toenterintoanotherculture’smentalityandtoshapelanguageaccordingly”.IV.1.withconvenientwaystoreachanypartoftheworld.2.Itseemsthateveryoneisabletoalwaysgetintouchwithanyoneelseifheorshecanaffordto.3.isthemostimportanttosociety.4.afundamentalskillintoday’sworld,wheredifferentculturesinteract.5.arefindingwaystointerrelatedifferentcultures.Structuralanalysisofthetext1.Thelastsentenceofthe3rdparagraph:“Mostfundamentalistheprofoundrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturethatliesattheheartofsocietyandonethatweoverlookatourperil.”2.Paragraph4:ThelackofanexactcounterpartoftheEnglishword“homesickness”inotherlanguagessuchasItalian,Portuguese,andGerman.Paragraph5:TheproblemofuntranslatabilitywhichtheearlyBibletranslatorsencountered.Paragraph6:EnglishandWelshspeakersmakeadjustmentsregardingthecolorspectruminthegrey/green/blue/brownrange;Theword“democracy”meanscompletelydifferentthingsindifferentcontexts;theflatbreadsofCentralAsiaarealongwayawayfromMother’sPridewhiteslicedtoasties,yettheword“bread”hastoserveforboth.PartOne.VocabularyAnalysisI.Pvided=aslongas假如，倘若needneverbeoutoftouch=canneverfailtobereached從不會(huì)失去聯(lián)系2.regardlessof=nomatter不管，不顧3.overlookatourperil=failtonoticeatgreatrisk忽視……的危險(xiǎn)或風(fēng)險(xiǎn)4.hoverssomewhereinandaroundallthosewords=maybedescribedbythesewordstovaryingdegrees5.hittheproblemofuntranslatabilityhead-on=weredirectlyconfrontedwiththeproblemthatsomethinginonelanguagecannotberenderedintoanotherII.1.steppingstone;2.attheirperil;3.serve;4.mentality;5.staple;6.facilitating;7.messaging;8.hybrid.III.WordderivationFillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1.Thecountryistryingtomovefromacentrallyplannedeconomy(economic)toonebasicallygearedtotheneedsofthemarket.2.Therearenogoodroadsinthearea,somostoftheranchesareonlyaccessible(access)byjeeporotheroff-roadvehicles.3.Thetwoapproachesaresofundamentally(fundamental)differentthatitissurprisingthattheyhavebothbeensuccessful.4.Theyspentmuchtimecomfortingthehomesick(homesickness)childrenatthebeginningofthesummercamp.5.Wearelookingforanexperiencedjournalisttojointhenewsteams.Thesalaryisnegotiable(negotiate).6.Theamountofanyoftheseingredientscanbeadjusted(adjustment)accordingtoyourtaste.7.Theremoteness(remote)ofthehousewastheonlythingthatmadethemhesitateaboutbuyingit.8.Heparkedthecarandsmiledather,complacently(complacent)assuminghehadpassedthetest.1.economica.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的；經(jīng)濟(jì)的；有利可圖的economicala.節(jié)儉的；經(jīng)濟(jì)的，合算的economicsn.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)economistn.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家economyn.節(jié)約；經(jīng)濟(jì)2.accessn.通道，入口accessiblea.可得到的；易接近的，可進(jìn)入的accessibilityn.可以得到；易接近3.fundamentala.基本的，根本的；重要的fundamentalismn.原教旨主義fundamentalistn.信奉正統(tǒng)派基督教的人fundamentallyad.從根本上；基本地4.homesicka.想家的homesicknessn.鄉(xiāng)愁，思鄉(xiāng)病5.negotiatev.談判，協(xié)商，交涉negotiablea.可磋商的，可協(xié)商的negotiationn.談判，協(xié)商negotiatorn.磋商者，交涉者6.adjustv.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；使適應(yīng)adjustablea.可調(diào)整的adjustmentn.調(diào)整7.remotea.偏僻的，遙遠(yuǎn)的，遠(yuǎn)程的remotenessn.遠(yuǎn)離，遠(yuǎn)隔，偏僻8.complacenta.滿足的，自滿的，得意的complacentlyad.滿足地，自滿地，沾沾自喜地complacencyn.自滿，沾沾自喜IV.1.D;2.C;3.A;4.D;5.B;6.A;7.B;8.C.V.Synonym/AntonymGiveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.1.Weliveinanageofeasyaccesstotherestoftheworld.Synonym:time,era,epoch2.ConferencesandbusinessmeetingsaroundtheglobeareheldinEnglish,regardlessofwhetheranyonepresentisanativeEnglishspeaker.Synonym:meetings3.Englishhassimplybecomethelanguagethatfacilitatescommunication,andformanypeoplelearningEnglishisanessentialsteppingstoneontheroadtosuccess.Synonym:basic,fundamental4.Differentculturesarenotsimplygroupsofpeoplewholabeltheworlddifferently;languagesgiveusthemeanstoshapeourviewsoftheworldandlanguagesaredifferentfromoneanother.Antonym:misshape5.Inevitably,thespreadofEnglishmeansthatmillionsofpeopleareaddinganotherlanguagetotheirownandarelearninghowtonegotiateculturalandlinguisticdifferences.Synonym:unavoidably6.WhydoestheriseofEnglishasagloballanguagecausefeelingsofuneasinessforsomeofus?Synonym:worry,concern,anxiety7.Butevenasmorepeoplebecomemultilingual,sonativeEnglishspeakersarelosingout,fortheyarebecomingevermoremonolingual,andhenceincreasinglyunawareofthedifferencesbetweenculturesthatlanguagesreveal.Antonym:hide,conceal4PrefixWriteineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedinthegivenword.1.unreliableunbelievable2.impatientimperfect3.disapprovaldisagreement4.mistakemisplace5.maltreatmalfunction6.enrichenable7.surmountsurpass8.subordinatesubmarine1.Explanation:un-:notortheoppositeofe.g.unable,unhappy,unknown2.Explanation:in-/il-/im-/ir-:notortheoppositeofe.g.impolite,infinite,illogical,irrelevance3.Explanation:dis-:notortheoppositeofe.g.dishonest,disadvantage,disappear4.Explanation:mis-:badorwronge.g.misinterpret,misbehavior,mischance,misconceive5.Explanation:mal-:badornotcorrecte.g.malpractice,malodorous,malformation6.Explanation:en-/em-:tocausetobe;toputintothethingorconditionmentionede.g.encase,empower,enlarge,embolden,enchant7.Explanation:sur-:beyonde.g.surcharge,surplus,surprise,surmise8.Explanation:sub-:lessthan;underorbelowe.g.subdivision,subconscious,subcontinent,subculturePartTwo.GrammarExercises1.thesimplepresentandthepresentprogressiveSimplepresentisusedforactivitiesthatarelong-lastinghabits.Presentprogressiveisusedforactivitiesthatoccuratthemomentofspeakingactivities.Thepresentcontinuouswithwordssuchas“always”or“constantly”expressestheideathatsomethingirritatingorshockingoftenhappens.e.g.Sheisalwayscomingtoclasslate.Heisconstantlytalking.Iwishhewouldshutup.Speakersusethepresentcontinuoustoindicatethatsomethingwillorwillnothappeninthenearfuture.e.g.Iamnotgoingtothepartytonight.Ishevisitinghisparentsnextweekend?I.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectverbforms.1.She’sadietician—she__helps__(help)peopletochoosetherightfood.2.hope;areenjoying;sunbathe;go;aregoing.3.isbeing.4.Theprofessor____istyping____(type)hisownletterswhilehissecretaryisill.5.amnoteating.6.I__amreading___(read)aninterestingbookatthemoment.I’lllendittoyouwhenI’vefinishedit.7.arealwaysleaving.8.go;belongs;wants;isusing.9.isboiling.10.isputting;isrewiring;isbuilding.II.1.ispassing=passes;isshooting=shoots.2.OK.3.arecrying.4.OK.5.amknowing=know.6.amgathering=gather.7.work=amworking.8.do=are;sneeze=sneezing.III.thank;aredispatching;regret;have;arecontacting;hear;enclose/areenclosing;decide;have;arelisted;regret;hope;enclose/areenclosing.IV.1.a.Thespeakeriscomplaining;b.Thespeakergivesafact.2.a.amconsidering;b.havetheopinion.3.a.Itsuggestsapermanentnature;b.Itsuggestsatemporarybehaviour.4.a.istakingcareof;b.havenoobjectionto.5.a.amwaitingfor;b.believe.6.a.amwaitingfor;b.believe.2.PositionofadjectivesUnlikeadverbs,whichoftenseemcapableofpoppingupalmostanywhereinasentence,adjectivesnearlyalwaysappearimmediatelybeforethenounornounphrasethattheymodify.Sometimestheyappearinastringofadjectives,andwhentheydo,theyappearinasetorderaccordingtocategory.Thecategoriesinthefollowingtablecanbedescribedasfollows:A.Determiners—articlesandotherlimiters.B.Observation—postdeterminersandlimiteradjectives(e.g.arealhero,aperfectidiot)andadjectivessubjecttosubjectivemeasure(e.g.beautiful,interesting)C.SizeandShape—adjectivessubjecttoobjectivemeasure(e.g.wealthy,large,round)D.Age—adjectivesdenotingage(e.g.young,old,new,ancient)E.Color—adjectivesdenotingcolor(e.g.red,black,pale)F.Origin—denominaladjectivesdenotingsourceofnoun(e.g.French,American,Canadian)G.Material—denominaladjectivesdenotingwhatsomethingismadeof(e.g.woolen,metallic,wooden)F.Qualifier—finallimiter,oftenregardedaspartofthenoun(e.g.rockingchair,huntingcabin,passengercar,bookcover)Rewritethefollowingdescriptionsputtingtheadjectivesinthecorrectorder.1.alargepairofredwoolensocks2.awhitecarGermannewpowerfulapowerfulnewwhiteGermancar3.asmallgreyrectangularJapaneseradio4.aconcretemodernofficebuildingbigabigmodernconcreteofficebuilding5.amediumsizeFrenchstainlesssteelsaucepan6.asuperbmedievalrose-shapedstained-glasswindow7.aprominentredtriangularroadsign8.adogblackandtinyChinesewhiteatinyblackandwhiteChinesedogVI.giventhat…PartThreeTranslationexercisesI.1.因此，你也許會(huì)問，為什么還有人會(huì)對這些絕妙的發(fā)展顧慮重重為什么英語成為世界語言會(huì)讓一部分人惴惴不安2．不同的文化并不僅僅是給世界貼上不同標(biāo)簽的人群；語言給了我們塑造世界觀的工具，而語言又是不一樣的。3．當(dāng)千百萬人在學(xué)習(xí)文化溝通的時(shí)候，英語國家卻越來越沾沾自喜，以為懂得英語就足夠了，因而削減了外語課程。4．最能推動(dòng)這一進(jìn)程的不一定是那些掌握了最新技術(shù)、擁有最先進(jìn)手機(jī)的人，而是那些能夠理解眾多不同語言的言內(nèi)之意、言下之意以及言外之意的人。II．1．Childrenmayswimhereprovidedthattheyareaccompaniedbyadults.2．ThisAmericanjournalistmadeafoolofhimselfoverhisremarksaboutChina,becausehe’sbeenoutoftouchwithwhat’sbeenhappeninginthecountryinthepastthreedecades.3．Everypersonhastherighttoeducation,regardlessofhisorherfamilybackground,sexandage.4．因特網(wǎng)的發(fā)明盡管造成了一些問題，但是卻極大地方便了我們生活中幾乎所有方面，包括教育、醫(yī)療和貿(mào)易等。（facilitate）TheinventionoftheInternet,despitethefactthatithasgivenrisetosomeproblems,hasgreatlyfacilitatedalmosteveryaspectofourlife,includingeducation,medicine,andbusiness.5．您計(jì)劃出國度假的時(shí)候，千萬不要忽略購買旅行保險(xiǎn)；否則萬一發(fā)生什么意外，您也許會(huì)有很大的麻煩。（overlook）Neveroverlookyourtravelinsurancewhenyouareplanningtospendyourholidayabroad;otherwiseyoumightfindyourselfingreattroubleifanyaccidentshouldoccur.6．在那部電影里，那個(gè)億萬富翁面臨著兩難選擇——和妻子離婚，讓她分走他半個(gè)金融帝國，或者冒著被警方發(fā)現(xiàn)的危險(xiǎn)把她謀殺掉。（facedwith）Inthemoviethatbillionairewasfacedwithadilemma—eitherdivorceshiswife,whowouldthencarveouthalfofhisfinancialempire,ormurdersherattheriskofbeingfoundoutbythepolice.7．Asthehusbandlosthisjobinthefinancialcrisis,thenewcouplehadtocutdownonalotofthings—furniture,clothes,records,books,andsoon.8．三十多年前，文革剛剛結(jié)束，鄧小平告訴全國人民：中國唯一的出路就是改革開放。（liein）Overthirtyyearsago,rightaftertheCulturalRevolution,DengXiaopingtoldthepeoplethattheonlywayoutlayinreformandopeninguptotheoutsideworld.IVExercisesforintegratedskills1.DictationThemainreasonforthewidespreaddemandforEnglish/isitspresent-dayimportanceasaworldlanguage./Besidesservingtheinfiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,/Englishisalanguage/inwhichsomeofthemostimportantworksinscience,technology,andotherfieldsarebeingproduced,/andnotalwaysbynativespeakers./Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,/especiallyformerBritishcolonies./Manyofthesecountrieshavemulti-lingualpopulations/andneedalanguageforinternalcommunication/insuchmattersasgovernment,commerce,industry,lawandeducation/aswellasforinternationalcommunication/andforaccesstothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentsintheWest.2.ClozeLanguagesaremarvelouslycomplexandwonderfullycomplicatedorgansofculture:theyembodythequickestandthemostefficientmeansofcommunicatingwithintheirrespectiveculture.Tolearnaforeignlanguageistolearn(1)anotherculture.Inthewordsofapoetandphilosopher,“As(2)manylanguagesasonespeaks,somanylivesonelives.”Acultureandits(3)languageareasinseparableasbrainandbody;(4)whileoneispartoftheother,neithercanfunction(5)withouttheother.Inlearningaforeignlanguage,thebest(6)beginningiswiththenon-verballinguisticelementsofthelanguage,its(7)gestures,itsbodylanguage.EyecontactisextremelyimportantinEnglish.Directeyecontact(8)leadstounderstanding,or,astheEnglishmaximhasit,seeingeye-to-eye.Wecan(9)neverseeeye-to-eyewithanativespeakerofEnglish(10)untilwehavelearnedtolookdirectlyintohiseyes.VIWritingPracticeParagraphdevelopment—ComparisonandContrastComparison-and-contrastisamethodofdevelopmentthatwillessentiallycompareand/orcontrast.Comparisonbringssimilarthingstogetherforexamination,toseehowtheyarealike.Contrast,onthecontrary,emphasizestheirdifferences.Therearethreemajorwaystoorganizeacomparison-and-contrastparagraph:1.Wefirstpresentthedifferencesandthenthesimilaritiesortheotherwayround.Whatistobeemphasized(thedifferencesorthesimilarities)almostalwayscomeslater.2.Wemakeaparallel-ordercomparison,wherewediscussfirstonesubject,thentheother:1)AllofsubjectA,pointbypoint;2)AllofsubjectB,pointbypoint,sothatitparallelsthepointsaboutA.Wewillfinishourwholediscussionofthefirstperson(place,orthing)atonetime.Then,indiscussingthesecondperson(place,orthing),wewilltakeupthemajorqualitiesinexactlythesameorderasindiscussingthefirstone.Inthiscase,thecomparisonoftentakestwoparagraphs,insteadofone.3.Wemakeapoint-by-pointcomparison.Wediscussoneaspectofbothsubjects,thenanotheraspectofbothsubjects:1)AspectoneofsubjectsAandB;2)AspecttwoofsubjectsAandB.…Exercises:Nowwritetwoseparateparagraphsbasedonthefollowingtwotopicsentenceswiththecomparison-and-contraststrategy.Thepoint-by-pointmethodisrecommended.1.IpreferSouthKoreanlovestoriesonTVtotheChineseones.Ideasforreference:feasibilityoflovesmoothnessoflovefunofloveSample:IpreferSouthKoreanlovestoriesonTVtotheChineseones.Koreanlovesoapsneverfailtoconveytheimportantmessagethatloveissomewhereaheadwaitingforyou,inspiteofyourhumbleorigin,weightproblem,