中醫(yī)學術(shù)論文寫作-課件

中醫(yī)學術(shù)論文寫作蘭鳳利上海中醫(yī)藥大學2022/12/241中醫(yī)學術(shù)論文寫作蘭鳳利上海中醫(yī)藥大學2022/12/16中醫(yī)學術(shù)論文英文寫作1寫作目的2論文結(jié)構(gòu)3寫作要求4寫作方法2022/12/242中醫(yī)學術(shù)論文英文寫作1寫作目的2022/12/1621.寫作目的發(fā)表在國際知名學術(shù)期刊，如SCI收錄期刊。與中醫(yī)藥有關的SCI期刊（按2005年收錄分析）（IF/2004年）：(1)JournalofAlternativeandComplementaryMedicine

（1.401）

(2)ComplementaryTherapiesinMedicine

(1.317)

(3)AlternativeTherapiesinHealthandMedicine

(0.971)

(4)AmericanJournalofChineseMedicine

(0.593)

(5)Acupuncture&Electro-TherapeuticsResearch（0.341）2022/12/2431.寫作目的發(fā)表在國際知名學術(shù)期刊，如SCI收錄期刊。202論文結(jié)構(gòu)(structure/format)2.1扉頁(titlepage)2.2正文(mainbody)2.3附錄(appendix)2022/12/2442論文結(jié)構(gòu)(structure/format)2.1扉2.1TitlePage扉頁(TAA)TitleAuthor’sfullnameandprofessionaladdressAbstractorSummary[Objective,Method,Results,Conclusion]Keywords(Supported/funded/granted/sponsoredbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundation(標書號、合同號等）//AprojectfundedbytheNational“863”Program)

2022/12/2452.1TitlePage扉頁(TAA)Title202.2MainBody正文(IMRaD)IntroductionMaterialsandmethodsResults(and)Discussion(Conclusion)2022/12/2462.2MainBody正文(IMRaD)Introdu2.3Appendix附錄AcknowledgementReferences2022/12/2472.3Appendix附錄Acknowledgement3寫作要求(Requirements)TheUniformRequirementsforManuscriptsSubmittedtoBiomedicalJournals(URMSBJ,5thEd.,1997)formulatedbyTheInternationalCommitteeofMedicalJournalEditors(ICMJE):2022/12/2483寫作要求(Requirements)TheUnifo3.1Introduction引言Thepurposeofanintroductionistobringthereaderintothegeneralareaofyourstudyandthenstatethespecificareaofstudy(movefromthegeneraltothespecific).Theintroductionshowsthescopeofyourinvestigationefforts.2022/12/2493.1Introduction引言ThepurposeIntroduction<200words背景——Statementofgeneralareaorhistoryofproblem意義——Statementofimportanceorneed進展——Statementofpreviousfindings,reportsorstudies(citations)目的——Statementofpurposeofcurrentstudy范圍——Statementofspecificareaofproblemtobestudied2022/12/2410Introduction<200words背景——Stat3.2MaterialsandMethods材料與方法Readersmustbeabletoreproduceyourresults,evaluatethevalidityofyourresultsandthesoundnessofyourmethods,andfollowthelogicinthepaper.2022/12/24113.2MaterialsandMethods材料與方MaterialsandMethods簡要說明研究設計（Studydesign）詳細說明研究對象：Patients,Subjects,healthyvolunteers,animals(sex,age,species,breed,physiologicalstate,etc.)隨機分組方法和選擇標準（Methodsofanyrandomassignmentofsubjectstogroupsandcriteriaforadmissiontostudygroups）藥物（Drug）,激素（hormone）,試劑（reagent）,其它化學品（otherchemicals）,商標（trademark）,生產(chǎn)廠家（manufacturer）及所在地（location）簡要說明測定方法（Methodofmeasurement）簡要說明統(tǒng)計分析方法（Methodofstatisticalanalysis）2022/12/2412MaterialsandMethods簡要說明研究設計（MaterialsandMethodsApprovalfrom“InstitutionalReviewBoard”(“informedconsent”frompatientsandexplanationon“AnimalWelfareAct”)RandomizedControlledTrial,RCT:JAMA1996;276:637-639或/statement.HtmPasttense2022/12/2413MaterialsandMethodsApproval3.3Results結(jié)果Thissectiontellsthereaderwhathappenedinyourwork.Remember:letyourresultsspeakforthemselvesanddon’tembellish(leavethatforDiscussionsection)

2022/12/24143.3Results結(jié)果ThissectiontelResultsOverviewoftheresultsStatisticalsignificanceStatisticalsupport,suchasfigures,tables,pictures,etc.2022/12/2415ResultsOverviewoftheresultsResultsInchronologicalorderIntegrated,clear,pithy,correlated,andlogicalPasttense(presenttense:truthorwell-knownfact,e.g.Erectiledysfunctioniscommoninmenwithdiabetes.)Significant/significance:2022/12/2416ResultsInchronologicalorder2Pointsforattention:Suchexpressionsas“Theresultstendedtobegreaterthan…”,“…showednopromisingtrends”,“Itcould/mightbeinhibitedby…”shouldbeavoided.2022/12/2417Pointsforattention:Suchexp3.4Discussion討論Theauthorshouldtellthereaderwhattheresultsmeanbyplacingtheminthecontextofpreviouspublishedstudiesoftheproblem.2022/12/24183.4Discussion討論TheauthorshDiscussion簡要說明研究背景(Background)簡要介紹總的發(fā)現(xiàn)(Generalfindings)介紹具體要點(Introductionofpoints)與先有發(fā)現(xiàn)(若有)進行比較(Comparisoninthecontextofotherstudies)意義(Suggestedmeaning)結(jié)論(Conclusion):Weconcludethat…前瞻研究(Futurestudies)2022/12/2419Discussion簡要說明研究背景(BackgroundDiscussionTense分清實驗過程和結(jié)果（pasttense）與分析意見（presenttense）；他人研究結(jié)果（pasttense或presentperfect）與本研究結(jié)果（pasttense）；普遍適用的結(jié)論（presenttense）與只適用本研究的結(jié)論（pasttense）；2022/12/2420DiscussionTense2022/12/1620DiscussionTheUseofParenthesis:however,webelieve/think/consider,toourknowledge,inourexperience(practice)避免含糊的傾向：Theseresultsseemtosuggestthatoralsildenafilcould

beusefulinsomeselectedpopulationsandcertainconditions.2022/12/2421DiscussionTheUseofParenthes3.5Acknowledgement致謝Alwaysgettheperson’sapprovalofyourintentiontomentionhimintheacknowledgementandoftheforminwhichyouwillpresenttheacknowledgement.2022/12/24223.5Acknowledgement致謝AlwaysgAcknowledgementThisstudywassupportedbyMedicalResearchFundsfromStateAdministrationofTraditionalChineseMedicine.Dr.WangwassupportedbyaNationalResearchCouncilAssociate-ship.WethankLiYunlongforhisassistancewithtechnicalaspectsofthisstudy.WearegratefultoMeiMeifor

assistanceinpreparingthemanuscript.2022/12/2423AcknowledgementThisstudywas3.6References參考文獻Referencestylesshouldbespecifictoeachjournal.

[[References:UniformRequirementsforManuscriptsSubmittedtoBiomedicalJournals[/journals/resource/unifrqr.htm]E.g.2022/12/24243.6References參考文獻ReferencesVegaKJ,PinaI,KreveskyB.Hearttransplantationisassociatedwithanincreasedriskforpancreatobiliarydisease.AnnInternMed1996Jun1;124(11):980-3.(標準雜志文章)RingsvenMK,BondD.Gerontologyandleadershipskillsfornurse.2nded.Albany(NY):Delmarpublisher;1996.(作者為個人的書或?qū)Ｖ?NormanIJ,RedfernSJ,editors.Mentalhealthcareforelderlypeople.NewYork:ChurchillLivingstone;1996.(有主編的書或?qū)Ｖ?2022/12/2425VegaKJ,PinaI,KreveskyB.HReferences參考文獻在排印中（InPress/Forthcoming）,e.g.LeshnerAl.Molecularmechanismsofcocaineaddiction.NEnglJMed.InPress1996.個人交流（personalcommunication），盡量避免使用（ICMJE），如確需使用，可采用以下形式：InaletterreceivedfromRobertJGlynn,MD.inJanuary2005,hestatedthat…InaconversationinMarch2006,DenisAEvans,MDreportedthat…OurfindingsinthisaspectofthestudyagreewiththoseofPaulAScherr,PhD(writtencommunication,September2005)2022/12/2426References參考文獻在排印中（InPress/F3.7others其它插圖說明：Typeorprintoutlegendsforillustrationsusingdoublespacing,startingonaseparatepage.插圖：Designyourfiguresfortheappropriatereduction.表格：Atableshouldbetotallyself-containedunitofinformation.2022/12/24273.7others其它插圖說明：Typeorprin4英文寫作4.1論文寫作ABC4.2論文標題的撰寫4.3論文摘要的翻譯與寫作2022/12/24284英文寫作4.1論文寫作ABC2022/12/16284.1寫作ABC4.1.1Passiveoractive?Patientswereinstructedontheuseoforalsildenafil.Bloodlevelsweremonitoredeveryfourhours.Weinstructedeachpatientonuseoforalsildenafilandshowedpatientshowtorecordbloodglucosevalueseveryfourhours.2022/12/24294.1寫作ABC4.1.1Passiveoracti4.1.2WeorI?(singleauthor)“Resolvetotakethegreatleapandsay

I.Everybodyshouldbynowrecognizethatamaskismoreconspicuousthanaface.”

WilsonFollett,ModernAmericanUsageTheauthor(I)Thisstudy,thisreport,thisresearch,thisthesis(I)2022/12/24304.1.2WeorI?(singleauthor)4.1.3寫作ABCPrewriting:toselectajournal,andread“InstructionstoAuthors”;Simpleoutliningonthebasisofyourresearchmaterials;FromInteriortoExterior:writing“materialsandmethods”,“results”,and“discussion”first,thenwriting“introduction”,“abstract”and“title”.2022/12/24314.1.3寫作ABC2022/12/16314.2論文標題的撰寫Titlesaretobewrittentobeunderstoodbythoseinyourfield,tellingthemexactlywhatyouhavedoneinyourwork.

2022/12/24324.2論文標題的撰寫Titlesaretobewr4.2.1文題的一般要求Titlesshouldbeshort,clear,andamenabletoindexing.(JAMA)1)shortandconcise:Writeinoneline(notasentence),notcontaininganactiveverb,notexceeding25wordsor120-140lettersandspaces,noabbreviationsorchemicalsymbolsexceptthosethataregenerallyaccepted,e.g.DNA,RNA,AIDS,CT;(Cvcouldbeexplainedascardiovascularorcostovertebral,etc.)2022/12/24334.2.1文題的一般要求Titlesshouldbe2)Informative:Stateexactlywhatyouwantthereadertoknowaboutyourpaperandyourwork;3)Indexing:Packasmanykeywordsorindexingtermsaspossibleintothetitlewithoutoverloadingit,keywordsnotinthetitlewillbeintheabstractorcangointhe“KeyWords”sectionofthepaper,keywordsareusuallyinthebeginningorendingofthetitle.2022/12/24342)Informative:Stateexactly4.2.2簡潔

——副標題的使用副標題的作用A.突出病例數(shù)GallstoneIleus:AReviewof40CasesB.突出重點內(nèi)容AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome:DiseaseCharacteristicsandOralManifestationsBalancing:TreatmentofGynecologicalDiseases2022/12/24354.2.2簡潔

——副標題C.突出研究方法UrineCannabinoidAnalysis:AnIntegratedMultimethodApproachD.突出同位關系AcademicDismissals:DueProcess

2022/12/2436C.突出研究方法2022/12/1636E.解釋性用詞PancreatitisinSystemiclupuserythematosus(SLE):AcasereportandreviewoftheliteratureExamplesofPairedMedicinals:ExperiencesinCompatibilityDevelopedbyDifferentSchools2022/12/2437E.解釋性用詞2022/12/1637F.提問或選擇Ischronicabdominalpainasurgicalsymptomorapsychiatricsymptom?Chronicabdominalpain:asurgicalorpsychiatricsymptom?2022/12/2438F.提問或選擇2022/12/16384.2.3介詞的使用

researchonmanagementforobservationonexperienceinintroductiontocontrastbetweensurgeryfor2022/12/24394.2.3介詞的使用researchon20224.2.4格式1)詞組式SomeAspectsofRenalTumorsEffectsofGlucoseonNeuroblastomainVitroandinVivoPatternIdentificationandTreatmentofDysmenorrheaExperiencesinTreatingInfantileHighFeverTreatmentofGlobusHystericus(Plum-PitQi)withIntegrativeMedicine2022/12/24404.2.4格式1)詞組式2022/12/16402)主謂式Let’sDoAwaywithSmallpoxDietaryCholesterolAsCarcinogenicforHumanColonCancer2022/12/24412)主謂式2022/12/1641(3)疑問式CanProstatectomyBeImproved?MustWeSpecializeHerniorrhaphyforBetterResults?DoesDangguiSiniDecoctionContainFreshGinger?WhatAretheIndicationsofScutellariaDecoction?2022/12/2442(3)疑問式2022/12/16424.3論文摘要的翻譯與寫作4.3.1論文摘要的作用4.3.2論文摘要的分類4.3.3論文摘要中時態(tài)的應用2022/12/24434.3論文摘要的翻譯與寫作4.3.1論文摘要的作用2024.3.1論文摘要的作用“Thefunctionoftheabstractofascientificpaperistoprovideanoverviewofthepapersothatthereadersknowthemainstoryandafewessentialdetailsofyourworkwithoutreadingthewholetextofthepaper.Theabstractshouldmakesensebothwhenreadaloneandwhenreadwiththepaper.”URMSBJ2022/12/24444.3.1論文摘要的作用“Thefunctionof4.3.2論文摘要的分類AbstractIndicativeInformativeNon-structuredStructured2022/12/24454.3.2論文摘要的分類AbstractIndicativIndicativeAbstract（通報性或指示性摘要）：只通報主題，不介紹研究的材料、方法和結(jié)果，一般用現(xiàn)在時表達，如：Freetransferoftwoundamagedfingersfromanon-replantableleftarmtoamutilatedrighthandina16-year-oldboyisreported.本文報道將一無法再植的左臂上的兩個未受損傷的手指移植給一16歲男孩被切斷的右手。InformativeAbstract

（資料性摘要）：告訴讀者研究的總體情況，使他們了解研究的目的、材料、方法、結(jié)果、結(jié)論以及存在的問題。2022/12/2446IndicativeAbstract（通報性或指示性摘要）論文摘要的分類AbstractNon-StructuredStructuredObjectiveMethodsResultsConclusion2022/12/2447論文摘要的分類AbstractNon-StructuredS4.3.3論文摘要中時態(tài)的應用1)Objective/Purpose/AimBackground:presenttenseorpresentperfectObjective:presenttenseorpresentperfectorpasttense2)Materials,methodsandresults:pasttense3)Conclusion:pasttense,orpresenttense2022/12/24484.3.3論文摘要中時態(tài)的應用1)Objective/PThankyouforyourattention!蘭鳳利fengli.lan@163.com2022/12/2449蘭鳳利2022/12/1649中醫(yī)學術(shù)論文寫作蘭鳳利上海中醫(yī)藥大學2022/12/2450中醫(yī)學術(shù)論文寫作蘭鳳利上海中醫(yī)藥大學2022/12/16中醫(yī)學術(shù)論文英文寫作1寫作目的2論文結(jié)構(gòu)3寫作要求4寫作方法2022/12/2451中醫(yī)學術(shù)論文英文寫作1寫作目的2022/12/1621.寫作目的發(fā)表在國際知名學術(shù)期刊，如SCI收錄期刊。與中醫(yī)藥有關的SCI期刊（按2005年收錄分析）（IF/2004年）：(1)JournalofAlternativeandComplementaryMedicine

（1.401）

(2)ComplementaryTherapiesinMedicine

(1.317)

(3)AlternativeTherapiesinHealthandMedicine

(0.971)

(4)AmericanJournalofChineseMedicine

(0.593)

(5)Acupuncture&Electro-TherapeuticsResearch（0.341）2022/12/24521.寫作目的發(fā)表在國際知名學術(shù)期刊，如SCI收錄期刊。202論文結(jié)構(gòu)(structure/format)2.1扉頁(titlepage)2.2正文(mainbody)2.3附錄(appendix)2022/12/24532論文結(jié)構(gòu)(structure/format)2.1扉2.1TitlePage扉頁(TAA)TitleAuthor’sfullnameandprofessionaladdressAbstractorSummary[Objective,Method,Results,Conclusion]Keywords(Supported/funded/granted/sponsoredbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundation(標書號、合同號等）//AprojectfundedbytheNational“863”Program)

2022/12/24542.1TitlePage扉頁(TAA)Title202.2MainBody正文(IMRaD)IntroductionMaterialsandmethodsResults(and)Discussion(Conclusion)2022/12/24552.2MainBody正文(IMRaD)Introdu2.3Appendix附錄AcknowledgementReferences2022/12/24562.3Appendix附錄Acknowledgement3寫作要求(Requirements)TheUniformRequirementsforManuscriptsSubmittedtoBiomedicalJournals(URMSBJ,5thEd.,1997)formulatedbyTheInternationalCommitteeofMedicalJournalEditors(ICMJE):2022/12/24573寫作要求(Requirements)TheUnifo3.1Introduction引言Thepurposeofanintroductionistobringthereaderintothegeneralareaofyourstudyandthenstatethespecificareaofstudy(movefromthegeneraltothespecific).Theintroductionshowsthescopeofyourinvestigationefforts.2022/12/24583.1Introduction引言ThepurposeIntroduction<200words背景——Statementofgeneralareaorhistoryofproblem意義——Statementofimportanceorneed進展——Statementofpreviousfindings,reportsorstudies(citations)目的——Statementofpurposeofcurrentstudy范圍——Statementofspecificareaofproblemtobestudied2022/12/2459Introduction<200words背景——Stat3.2MaterialsandMethods材料與方法Readersmustbeabletoreproduceyourresults,evaluatethevalidityofyourresultsandthesoundnessofyourmethods,andfollowthelogicinthepaper.2022/12/24603.2MaterialsandMethods材料與方MaterialsandMethods簡要說明研究設計（Studydesign）詳細說明研究對象：Patients,Subjects,healthyvolunteers,animals(sex,age,species,breed,physiologicalstate,etc.)隨機分組方法和選擇標準（Methodsofanyrandomassignmentofsubjectstogroupsandcriteriaforadmissiontostudygroups）藥物（Drug）,激素（hormone）,試劑（reagent）,其它化學品（otherchemicals）,商標（trademark）,生產(chǎn)廠家（manufacturer）及所在地（location）簡要說明測定方法（Methodofmeasurement）簡要說明統(tǒng)計分析方法（Methodofstatisticalanalysis）2022/12/2461MaterialsandMethods簡要說明研究設計（MaterialsandMethodsApprovalfrom“InstitutionalReviewBoard”(“informedconsent”frompatientsandexplanationon“AnimalWelfareAct”)RandomizedControlledTrial,RCT:JAMA1996;276:637-639或/statement.HtmPasttense2022/12/2462MaterialsandMethodsApproval3.3Results結(jié)果Thissectiontellsthereaderwhathappenedinyourwork.Remember:letyourresultsspeakforthemselvesanddon’tembellish(leavethatforDiscussionsection)

2022/12/24633.3Results結(jié)果ThissectiontelResultsOverviewoftheresultsStatisticalsignificanceStatisticalsupport,suchasfigures,tables,pictures,etc.2022/12/2464ResultsOverviewoftheresultsResultsInchronologicalorderIntegrated,clear,pithy,correlated,andlogicalPasttense(presenttense:truthorwell-knownfact,e.g.Erectiledysfunctioniscommoninmenwithdiabetes.)Significant/significance:2022/12/2465ResultsInchronologicalorder2Pointsforattention:Suchexpressionsas“Theresultstendedtobegreaterthan…”,“…showednopromisingtrends”,“Itcould/mightbeinhibitedby…”shouldbeavoided.2022/12/2466Pointsforattention:Suchexp3.4Discussion討論Theauthorshouldtellthereaderwhattheresultsmeanbyplacingtheminthecontextofpreviouspublishedstudiesoftheproblem.2022/12/24673.4Discussion討論TheauthorshDiscussion簡要說明研究背景(Background)簡要介紹總的發(fā)現(xiàn)(Generalfindings)介紹具體要點(Introductionofpoints)與先有發(fā)現(xiàn)(若有)進行比較(Comparisoninthecontextofotherstudies)意義(Suggestedmeaning)結(jié)論(Conclusion):Weconcludethat…前瞻研究(Futurestudies)2022/12/2468Discussion簡要說明研究背景(BackgroundDiscussionTense分清實驗過程和結(jié)果（pasttense）與分析意見（presenttense）；他人研究結(jié)果（pasttense或presentperfect）與本研究結(jié)果（pasttense）；普遍適用的結(jié)論（presenttense）與只適用本研究的結(jié)論（pasttense）；2022/12/2469DiscussionTense2022/12/1620DiscussionTheUseofParenthesis:however,webelieve/think/consider,toourknowledge,inourexperience(practice)避免含糊的傾向：Theseresultsseemtosuggestthatoralsildenafilcould

beusefulinsomeselectedpopulationsandcertainconditions.2022/12/2470DiscussionTheUseofParenthes3.5Acknowledgement致謝Alwaysgettheperson’sapprovalofyourintentiontomentionhimintheacknowledgementandoftheforminwhichyouwillpresenttheacknowledgement.2022/12/24713.5Acknowledgement致謝AlwaysgAcknowledgementThisstudywassupportedbyMedicalResearchFundsfromStateAdministrationofTraditionalChineseMedicine.Dr.WangwassupportedbyaNationalResearchCouncilAssociate-ship.WethankLiYunlongforhisassistancewithtechnicalaspectsofthisstudy.WearegratefultoMeiMeifor

assistanceinpreparingthemanuscript.2022/12/2472AcknowledgementThisstudywas3.6References參考文獻Referencestylesshouldbespecifictoeachjournal.

[[References:UniformRequirementsforManuscriptsSubmittedtoBiomedicalJournals[/journals/resource/unifrqr.htm]E.g.2022/12/24733.6References參考文獻ReferencesVegaKJ,PinaI,KreveskyB.Hearttransplantationisassociatedwithanincreasedriskforpancreatobiliarydisease.AnnInternMed1996Jun1;124(11):980-3.(標準雜志文章)RingsvenMK,BondD.Gerontologyandleadershipskillsfornurse.2nded.Albany(NY):Delmarpublisher;1996.(作者為個人的書或?qū)Ｖ?NormanIJ,RedfernSJ,editors.Mentalhealthcareforelderlypeople.NewYork:ChurchillLivingstone;1996.(有主編的書或?qū)Ｖ?2022/12/2474VegaKJ,PinaI,KreveskyB.HReferences參考文獻在排印中（InPress/Forthcoming）,e.g.LeshnerAl.Molecularmechanismsofcocaineaddiction.NEnglJMed.InPress1996.個人交流（personalcommunication），盡量避免使用（ICMJE），如確需使用，可采用以下形式：InaletterreceivedfromRobertJGlynn,MD.inJanuary2005,hestatedthat…InaconversationinMarch2006,DenisAEvans,MDreportedthat…OurfindingsinthisaspectofthestudyagreewiththoseofPaulAScherr,PhD(writtencommunication,September2005)2022/12/2475References參考文獻在排印中（InPress/F3.7others其它插圖說明：Typeorprintoutlegendsforillustrationsusingdoublespacing,startingonaseparatepage.插圖：Designyourfiguresfortheappropriatereduction.表格：Atableshouldbetotallyself-containedunitofinformation.2022/12/24763.7others其它插圖說明：Typeorprin4英文寫作4.1論文寫作ABC4.2論文標題的撰寫4.3論文摘要的翻譯與寫作2022/12/24774英文寫作4.1論文寫作ABC2022/12/16284.1寫作ABC4.1.1Passiveoractive?Patientswereinstructedontheuseoforalsildenafil.Bloodlevelsweremonitoredeveryfourhours.Weinstructedeachpatientonuseoforalsildenafilandshowedpatientshowtorecordbloodglucosevalueseveryfourhours.2022/12/24784.1寫作ABC4.1.1Passiveoracti4.1.2WeorI?(singleauthor)“Resolvetotakethegreatleapandsay

I.Everybodyshouldbynowrecognizethatamaskismoreconspicuousthanaface.”

WilsonFollett,ModernAmericanUsageTheauthor(I)Thisstudy,thisreport,thisresearch,thisthesis(I)2022/12/24794.1.2WeorI?(singleauthor)4.1.3寫作ABCPrewriting:toselectajournal,andread“InstructionstoAuthors”;Simpleoutliningonthebasisofyourresearchmaterials;FromInteriortoExterior:writing“materialsandmethods”,“results”,and“discussion”first,thenwriting“introduction”,“abstract”and“title”.2022/12/24804.1.3寫作ABC2022/12/16314.2論文標題的撰寫Titlesaretobewrittentobeunderstoodbythoseinyourfield,tellingthemexactlywhatyouhavedoneinyourwork.

2022/12/24814.2論文標題的撰寫Titlesaretobewr4.2.1文題的一般要求Titlesshouldbeshort,clear,andamenabletoindexing.(JAMA)1)shortandconcise:Writeinoneline(notasentence),notcontaininganactiveverb,notexceeding25wordsor120-140lettersandspaces,noabbreviationsorchemicalsymbolsexceptthosethataregenerallyaccepted,e.g.DNA,RNA,AIDS,CT;(Cvcouldbeexplainedascardiovascularorcostovertebral,etc.)2022/12/24824.2.1文題的一般要求Titlesshouldbe2)Informative:Stateexactlywhatyouwantthereadertoknowaboutyourpaperandyourwork;3)Indexing:Packasmanykeywordsorindexingtermsaspossibleintothetitlewithoutoverloadingit,keywordsnotinthetitlewillbeintheabstractorcangointhe“KeyWords”sectionofthepaper,keywordsareusuallyinthebeginningorendingofthetitle.2022/12/24832)Informative:Stateexactly4.2.2簡潔

——副標題的使用副標題的作用A.突出病例數(shù)GallstoneIleus:AReviewof40CasesB.突出重點內(nèi)容AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome:DiseaseCharacteristicsandOralManifestationsBalancing:TreatmentofGynecologicalDiseases2022/12/24844.2.2簡潔

——副標題C.突出研究方法UrineCannabinoidAnalysis:AnIntegratedMultimethodApproachD.突出同位關系AcademicDismissals:DueProcess

2022/12/2485C.突出研究方法2022/12/1636E.解釋性用詞PancreatitisinSystemiclupuserythematosus(SLE):AcasereportandreviewoftheliteratureExamplesofPairedMedicinals:ExperiencesinCompatibilityDevelopedbyDifferentSchools