unit10thetransaction練習(xí)答案綜合教程三

Unit10TheTransactionKeytotheExercisesTextcomprehensionDecidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'spoint.CJudge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.F(RefertoParagraphs1and16.Theymadeapanelandtheauthorsaysthatwasarevealingmorning.)T(RefertoParagraphs2-5.)F(RefertoParagraph4.Hedidsaythatwritingishard,buthedidnottrytoimposehisideasuponhisaudienceortodiscouragehisaudiencebyanymeans.)T(RefertoParagraph6.)T(RefertoParagraphs19-1.)III.Answerthefollowingquestions.RefertoParagraphs2?6.Thetwospeakers,onerepresentingavocationalwriterandtheotheranamateurwriter,differsignificantlyinsomeaspectsofwriting,particularlyconcerningwhetherwritingishardoreasy.Largely,anavocationalwritertakeswritingeasilyasameansofpleasure,andstopswhenheisunhappyorcomesacrossanydifficultyinwriting.However,aprofessionalwritertakeswritingasanactofliteraturewhichshallgoonanyhowandcouldbehardandlonelysometimes.RefertoParagraphs16and17.Theauthorwasinterestedandamusedbythedifferences.Hebelievedthatthedifferenceshadgiventheaudienceabroaderconceptofwriting.RefertoParagraphs17?0.Theauthorbelievesthat,asthereareallkindsofwritersandallkindsofmethods,anymethodthathelpspeopletosaywhattheywanttosayistherightmethodforthem.Thethingofutmostimportanceisthewritermustexpresshimselfandgethimselffeltinanypieceofwriting.RefertoParagraphs20and21.Theauthormeansthatwhatawriteractuallyputsonpaperisnotasimportantastheenthusiasmorwarmthheputsinhiswriting.Inthesameway,areadersuchastheauthorhimselfismoreinterestedintheenthusiasmoremotionalbaggagethatthewritermaybringtohiswriting.So,writingisverypersonalwork.RefertoParagraph21.Thetitle,TheTransaction,orthepersonaltransactionastheauthorsaysinParagraph21,meanspersonalexpressionorthepresenceofthewriterthroughhiscommitmentandenthusiasminthepieceofwriting.Thisistopersonalizewriting,astheauthorputsit.IV.Explaininyourownwordsthefollowingsentences.IV.Writersarelikelytotakewritingearnestlyandanxiously,andarethereforenotabletoexpressthemselvesnaturally.Thewritershouldbeabletoconveyhisemotionsandpersonalityinhiswriting,sothereadermayunderstandhimwithoutgoingintotheactualsituationwherehewrites.StructuralanalysisofthetextParagraph17issuchatransitionalparagraphleadingthereaderfromaspecificexampletothegeneraldiscussionofthetopic.RhetoricalfeaturesofthetextOnthesurface,theauthorsaysthatsuchapaneldiscussioncouldgivetheaudienceabroaderglimpseoftheprocessofwriting.Onadeeperlevel,hemightwishtotellthereaderthatsomeknowledgeofdifferentandevenconflictingideashelpsonetogaingreaterthinkingpowerandacquireabroadervision,whicharefrequentlycountedastwoprerequisitesifonewishestobecomematurebecausetheworldisvastandlifeisdiverseandcomplex.VocabularyexercisesI.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.unconventionalsocializedramaticdisclosureofsomethingnotpreviouslyknownorrealizedsensitivetothestimulusinlife,sharplyawareofexpressingtheirnaturalfeelingsinanartisticwayservethewriter'spurposemosteffectivelyandefficientlyII.Fmitted6.gusto7.bewildered8.solitaryIII.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1.drudgery 2.Uncirculated3.asocial4.unmentionable5.irresistibly 6.intensive7.exclamations 8.literaryIV.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithanappropriatephrasalverborcollocationtakenfromthetext.1.stickto 2.fiddlingwith3.tookup4.hangout5.runawayfrom6.goingbroke7.bringalong8.drawnintoV.Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.Synonym:team(group)Antonym:restful(easy)Antonym:questionablySynonym:occupation(trade)Synonym:stylish(fashionable)Antonym:gregariousAntonym:liberty(freedom)Synonym:confusion(disorder,jumble)VI.Explaintheunderlinedphrasalverbsinyourownwords.refreshgoandattendliveafairlysatisfactorylifeberesponsiblefortalkaboutexplaininterruptingcameGrammarexercisesReadthefollowingsentencesandidentifythedifferenttypesofreportedspeechusedinthem.directspeech(Directspeechgivestheexactwordsinthereport,andinwritingandprintusesquotationmarks.Awiderangeofverbscanbeusedtoindicatethetypeofutteranceorthewayinwhichsomethingissaid,suchasanswer,ask,comment,cry,ejaculate,enquire/inquire,exclaim,groan,growl,moan,murmur,mutter,note,observe,reply,respond,retort,scream,screech,shout,shriek,smile,whine,yell.)indirectspeech(Inindirectspeech,verbsaregenerally"backshifted" intensetoalignthemwiththetimeofreporting,andotherchanges,suchasinpronounsandadverbialsoftimeandplace,aremadeforthesamereason.)freedirectspeech(Freedirectspeechlacksareportingclausetoshowtheshiftfromnarrationtoreporting;itisoftenusedinfictiontorepresentthementalreactionsofcharacterstowhattheyseeorexperience.)freedirectspeechfreeindirectspeech(Freeindirectspeechresemblesindirectspeechinshiftingtensesandotherreferences,butthereisgenerallynoreportingclauseanditretainssomefeaturesofdirectspeech(suchasdirectquestionsandvocatives).freeindirectspeechfreeindirectspeechdirectspeech,freedirectspeechII.Identifythefreedirectspeechandfreeindirectspeechinthefollowingsentences.freedirectspeech(...didIknowyou?Didyouknowme?WhatamIafraidof?Iamawidowandlosingmylook.Iamafraidofthefuture.)freeindirectspeech(Couldhebesocareless?)freeindirectspeech(WasEvelynillagain?)freedirectspeech(Itisprobablyonlyinsomnia.Manymusthaveit.)freeindirectspeech(Yes,shewastiresomelyunhappyagain.Almostsick.Whatthehellshouldhesay?)freedirectspeech(Whothehellwillwanttoreadthisbookanyway?WhointheUnitedStatesworriedaboutlong-termpolicy andwhattheywouldhavetocopewithtenyearsfromnow?Short-term,that'sus--jumpingfromonecrisistoanother....andthatwewill,evenifthebridgeblowsunderourfeetandwehavetoswimforit.)freedirectspeech(Oh,tobeawayfromthis?Tobeawayfromthosestaringeyes,ortobecoveredupinanything,oneofthosewomen'sshawlseven.I'lljustleavethebasketandgo...Ishan'tevenwaitforittobeemptied.)freeindirectspeech(Andjustwhatpleasurehadhefound,sincehecameintothisworld?)Reporteachturnoftheconversationbelowinaseparatesentence.Useeachofthefollowingverbsatleastonce.SueaskedJimwhathehaddonethenightbefore.JimrepliedthathehadjuststayedathomeandwatchedTV.Sueaskedwhyhehadn'trungherup.Jimexplainedthathehadhadaterribleheadache.Suesuggestedgoing/thattheyshouldgotothecinemathatevening.Jimrefused.SuesaidthatitwasOKandsheunderstood.Jimtoldherthathewouldringherthefollowingday.Suesaidnevermindandapologisedfordisturbinghim.Putthefollowingintoindirectcommands,usingthewordsinthebox.Shetoldthechildrennottopoint.Iadvisedtheboysnottoreadinbadlight.IaskedMarytolendmeherpenforamoment.Shebeggedhimnottodrivetoofast.Theannouncerremindedhislistenerstolistentothefirstprogrammeinthenewseriesateighto'clock.Heurgedmetolookeverywhere.Thepolicemanorderedthecrowdtokeepmoving.Hewarnedhissonnevertolendmoneytopeoplehedidn'tknow.V.Rewritethefollowingsentences,usinginversion.OnlyafterayeardidIbegintoseetheresultsofmywork.Undernocircumstancescancustomers'moneyberefunded.Onahillinfrontofthemstoodagreatcastle.HardlyhadIarrivedwhenIhadanewproblemtocopewith.Rarelycouldshehavebeenfacedwithsodifficultachoice.AfewmilesfurtheronliestheenchantingsuburbofBalham.Atnotimewasthepresidentawareofwhatwashappening.HerecomesMary.VI.Makesentencesofyourownafterthesentencesgivenbelow,keepingtheitalicizedpartsinyoursentences..Iwentintothehallonlyfinditpackedwithfreshmen,alleagertohearwhatexperienceIasasophomorecouldsharewiththem.Gatheredoutsidetheoperationroomweretheteammatesoftheinjuredplayer,alleagertoknowtheresultoftheoperation..Hecorrectedeverymistakethestudenthadmadeandunderlinedthesentencesthatneededimprovement,asanyresponsibleteacherwoulddo.Thefirstthingshedidwhenthealarmsoundedwastoholdherbabydaughterinherarmsandrushoutoftheroom,asanylovingmotherwoulddoinsuchasituation.TranslationexercisesI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.從醫(yī)院忙了一天回家后，他會直接打開他的黃色筆記本，寫著寫著就輕松了。我說寫作是技藝，而不是藝術(shù)，說自己因缺乏靈感而無法施展技藝的人是在自欺欺人?！拔覠釔巯笳?”布羅克醫(yī)生叫道，隨后興致勃勃地描繪了將象征融入作品的樂趣。而是如何使用英語才能言簡意賅的問題。II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsandphrasesgiveninbrackets.Thesemodernistartistslookvaguelybohemian.Don'tfoolyourself;heisbynomeansapureboyasyouthink.Heisafrequentguestinsomechiccafesandbarswhichmainlycatertoforeigners.HegaveanaccountofhisadventurousexperiencesinAfricawithgusto.Oneofhisobjectivesinlifeistounitehisvocationwithhisavocation.Theelderlyarevulnerabletothedeceitpracticedbydishonestsalespeople.Thismagazineisfrequentlycoveredwithglamorousactresses.IreallyfeelfedupwithcommercialgimmicksonTV.III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.專業(yè)作家和業(yè)余作家對于文學(xué)創(chuàng)作有著不同的、 甚至截然相反的看法。 專業(yè)作家強調(diào)努力追求完美， 因此他們認(rèn)為修改是寫作的要素， 而業(yè)余作家則認(rèn)為作品應(yīng)該反映作者最自然的真我。 專業(yè)作家將寫作看成一種職業(yè)， 堅持不懈地為寫出上乘作品而努力， 而業(yè)余作家則將寫作看成一種愛好， 從中可以得到很多快樂。 專業(yè)作家孤獨而辛勞， 收獲的是“兩耳不聞

窗外事”的快樂，而業(yè)余作家往往喜歡社交，經(jīng)常光顧時尚別致的餐館和咖啡屋?？傊?，不同的人可能有不同的寫作習(xí)慣和寫作風(fēng)格，重要的是寫作應(yīng)該反映一個人的思想、情感和個性。ExercisesforintegratedskillsDictationscriptCollegewriting,alsocalledacademicwriting,/isassignedtoteachyouthecriticalthinkingandwritingskills/needed tocommunicateinclassesandintheworkplace./Toacquireandpracticetheseskills,/youareaskedtowritemanydifferenttypesofassignments/underdifferentcircumstances./Sometimesyourteacherwillassignatopic/anddefinetheaudience;/sometimesyouwillbecalledon/todefineandlimitthetopicandaudienceyourself./Inanycase,collegewritingteachesyou/abouttheseriesofdecisionsyoumustmake/asyouforgethelinkbetweenyourinformationandyouraudience.FillineachblankinthepassagebelowwithONEwordyouthinkappropriate.(1)succeed(3)(1)succeed(3)because(5)fact(7)subject(4)Once(6)characterizesuchcreate(10)readersnot (12)withCulturalBackgroundTheImportanceofDialogueManyphilosophersandwriterswouldliketoexpresstheirphilosophicideasthroughtheformofdialogue.Andoneimportanttheoristmakinggreatcontributioninclarifyingthefunctionofdialogicthinkingis MikhailBakhtin.Self-otherrelationship — “other”playsakeyroleinunderstanding:Inordertounderstand,itisimmenselyimportantforthepersonwhounderstandstobelocatedoutsidetheobjectofhisorhercreativeunderstanding —intime,inspace,inculture.—MikhailBakhtin(fromNewYorkReviewofBooks,June10,1993)Polyphony(manyvoices)—singlevoiceisnotthecarrieroftruth:Truthisanumberofmutuallyaddressed,albeitcontradictoryandlogicallyinconsistent,statements.Truthneedsamultitudeofcarryingvoices.TextITheTransactionWilliamZinsserGlobalReadingI.TextAnalysisThetextopenswithtwowritersansweringstudents'questionsabouthowtowriteindialogue,showingsharpcontrastsfromvariousaspects.Bysummarizingdifferentmethodsinwriting,thetextlateronpointsoutthatevenwithdiversityanddifferentiation,thecommongroundofanywritingisthesame.ManyrenownedphilosophersandwriterssuchasPlatoandOscarWildeexpressedtheirphilosophicideasintheformofdialoguewheredifferentaspectsoftruthwerebetterpresented.Throughdialoguebetweenpeopleonanequalfooting,wegettherevelationthatdifferent,sometimesevenseeminglycontradictoryelements,canco-existsoharmoniouslywithintherangeofonetruth.Humanbeingshaveaninclination to lookattheworldfromaself-centeredperspective,anditwillresultinanillusionfarfromtruth.Therefore,itisimportantforonetotryhisb