2018-1年江蘇各市中考英語真題卷含答案解析

揚州市2018年初中畢業(yè)、升學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題說明：.本試卷共8頁，包含選擇題（第1題?第45題，共45題卜非選才i題（第46題?第81題,共36題）兩部分。滿分120分，考試時間為100分鐘。考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。.答題前，考生務(wù)必將本人的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上，同時務(wù)必在試卷的裝訂線內(nèi)將本人的姓名、 準考證號、畢業(yè)學(xué)校填寫好，在試卷第4頁的右下角填寫好座位號。.所有的試題都必須在專用的“答題卡”上作答，選擇題用 2B鉛筆作答、非選擇題在指定位置用0.5毫米黑色水筆作答。在試卷或草稿紙上答題無效。一、單項選擇（共15小題；每小題1分，計15分）在下列各題A、B、C、D四個選項中選擇一個能填入題干空白處的最佳答案.----Whoistheladyinred?——MissGao.SheteachesEnglish.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours.——doesJoannatakethecourseinDIY?——EverySaturdayafternoon.A.HowlongB.HowmuchC.HowsoonD.Howoften.——Wherewouldyouliketogotomorrow,BeijingorXi'an?----isOK.It'suptoyou.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.All.----1offeredSandyahelpinghand.However,sheit.——MaybeshecanmanageherselfA.receivedB.returnedC.refusedD.rewarded.----Mr.Wuhasrecommendedmanybooks.Haveyoudecidedfirst?----Yes.TheLittlePrince.A.howtoreadB.whichtoreadC.whentoreadD.wheretoread.---IfIwanttobeanastronaut,howwillIgettobeone?——Youdowellinschoolandtameyourfears.

A.mayB.canA.mayB.canC.mustD.could.Hawkingisnolongerwithus,hewillcontinuetoinspiretheworld.A.soB.ifC.butD.as.TheQueqiaosatellite（衛(wèi)星）willformabridgebetweencontrollersonEarthandthefarsideoftheMoon.A.contributionB.communicationC.celebrationD.competition.Hi,guys,pleasewritethreefactsyoulastterminyourproject.A.learnedB.arelearningC.havelearnedD.learn.——WhenwillyoursistergotoEngland?——SheLondonsincefourmonthsago.A.wenttoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeentoD.hasbeenin.Weshouldstopfireworkstoreducepollution.A.gettingoffB.turningoffC.takingoffD.settingoff.---Whatareyouwatching?——TheStoryofChina.ThispartatChinaBlockPrintingMuseumofYangzhouin2014.A.filmedB.wasfilmedC.hasfilmedD.isfilmed.----1can'taffordthewhitedress.——Whatabouttheorangeone?Thepriceisalittle.A.cheaperB.higherC.lowerD.moreexpensive.——Youmusthandinyourreporttomorrow.----What?.Wecan'tfinishitthatquickly.A.NowayB.NoproblemC.That'srightD.That'sforsure.----I'mtiredout.——Howcanyoubemanagerandaccountantatonetime?.TheearlybirdcatchesthewormDon'tputallyoureggsinonebasketActionsspeaklouderthanwordsDon'tburnthecandleatbothends二、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，計15分）閱讀下面短文，從文后各題所給的 A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。OneafternoonafewmonthsafterTomandIweremarried.Maxwalkedintothediningroom,whereIwaslookingthroughmyoldphotos.ThesemonthsIwaslearningtoletMaxcome16onhisown.IfImovedtooquickly,heranaway.IfIwas17 ,weoftenendedupplaying,laughing,andrecently,evensittingtogetheronthesofawithabook.“Who'sthat?”hepointedphone“Mymom.Isupposesheisyour18Sylvia.”CCool.Whoisthattome?”“Thatwasmygrandfather.Hediedafewmonthsago. ”“Hmm.Toobadhehadtodie.”Deathisalwaysapainful19especiallyforaseven-year-oldchildwhodlosthismotheronlytwoyearsbefore.Isecretlyputawaythepicturesof20relatives.Hebegantofingerthroughthephotos."Whoisthattome?UnderhisfingerIcouldseemyownface.Ishouldhaveknowntheanswertohis 21question.ButIsaid,your"I'22mom.I'msorrythatyourfirstmomdied.“WhatshouldIcallyou?”heasked.Mom,Iwantedtocry.Iheldback.“YoucancallmeMomorBetsy.23feelsOKforyou."Iwaited,expectingapronouncementofmynew24 .Sweet,'hesaid,walkingoutoftheroom.Foracoupleofdaysafterward,Max25anewtitleforme."Canwegobowling? ”CanIwatchTV?"he'dask,andthen26thequestionsbymouthingthewordMom.Momwasalways 27 Oneweekend,hesuddenlysaid,“InoticeIdon'tcallyouMom. ”“Inoticedthattoo.”“28IsayBetsy,ImeanMom.Momsdie,youknow.Ithinkit'smaybe 29ifyou'rejustBetsy.”Tears1艮淚）werefillingmyeyes.Hey,Betsy?”

Yeah,I'Said,takingpleasureinthenew30ofmyoldname.16.A.downB.nearC.closeD.back17.A.kindB.patientC.HelpfulD.confident18.A.grandmotherB.motherC.auntD.cousin19.A.subjectB.speechC.messageD.sign20.A.deadB.boringC.unknownD.strict21.A.simpleB.properC.stupidD.funny22.A.naturalB.pastC.onlyD.second23.A.WhoeverB.WhateverC.ThatD.Anybody24.A.positionB.nameC.titleD.call25.A.workedoutB.turnedoutC.carriedoutD.triedout26.A.answerB.followC.confirmD.raise27.A.aliveB.wiseC.silentD.lost28.A.UntilB.beforeC.WhenD.Unless29.A.politerB.saferC.sadderD.riskier30.A.pronunciationB.announcementC.voiceD.sound、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，計30分）閱讀下列內(nèi)容，從每小題所給的 A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。AThinkoftheanimalworld.andagroupofcolorfulwildanimalswillspringtomind:aparrot'srainbowfeathersortheshowyscalesofseafish.But,manymammals（哺孚L動物）ontheplanetcomeinonlytwocolors:blackandwhite.Spendsometimeexploringwhatsciencehasdiscoveredabouttheseanimals'appearances,andyou'llseethatbasicblackandwhiteisn'tsobasicatall.Thepanda'swhitebodyhelpsithideinsnowyareas.Thearmsandlegsareblack,helpingithideinforests.Themarkingsonitsheadarenotusedtohide,buttocommunicate.Blackearscanactasawarningtoenemies.

Dependingonthespecies,blackskunks（臭鼬）maywearwhitespotsthatactascoveringorwhitestripesthatsignalenemiestobeawareoftheirsmellyspray,whichcausesnorealharmtoitsvictims,butitmakesthemuncomfortable.Zebras'thincoatsmakethemmorevulnerablethanlong-hairedanimalstobitingfliesthatcarrydisease,butthecoatsstripespreventfliesfromlandingonthem,forreasonsthatscientistsarestillstudying.Further,theirattractivenesstofliesincreaseswithstripewidth.Notwozebras'stripesareexactlythesame.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUEA.Thepanda'swhitepartshelpithideagainstsnow.Bothwhitespotsandwhitestripeshelpskunkskilltheirvictims.Zebraswithwiderstripesarelessattractivetoflies.Scientistshavealreadyknownallthesecretsaboutthestripes.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vulnerable"mean?A.Beingeasilylanded.Beingeasilyattracted.Beingeasilydiscovered.Beingeasilyattacked.Whichcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?WhyAnimalStripesComeinDifferentShapesWhySoManyAnimalsWearBlack-and-WhiteCoatsHowWildAnimalsProtectThemselvesfromEnemiesHowBlackandWhiteBecomeBasicColorsinAnimalWorldBIsavedthegraincarefullyandfinallyhadenoughtoplant.Ibuiltawallaroundmygardentokeepthewildgoatsaway.Thenwhenmycropboreitsfruit,thebirdsdiscoveredit.Thebirdswerenotafraidofmydogatall.IshotthembutassoonasIwalkedaway.theyreturned.Atlast,Ikilledsomebirdsandhungthemamongthecrop,hopingtheywouldserveasthescarecrows,whichturnedouttobesuccessful.Byharvesttime.Ihadnearlytwobushelsofriceandtwoandahalfbushelsofwheat.Withmynewgraintostore,Ifoundanewproblem.Thefinegrainranthroughmybaskets.Ittookmenearlytwomonthstoformanddrytwouglypots-oneforriceandoneforwheat.NextIformedaclayovenandmadesomeothertoolsfromhardwoodandclothtobakebread.Imadeandbakedbreadinmyoven.Ispentthethirdyearontheislandinfarmingandbaking.Soonafterthat.IbegantothinkofmydayssailinginatidyboatwithXury.Iwishedtohaveaboatandexploretheislandbysea.Itriedtoturnovertheship'sboatthatIhadseenwashedup,butfailed.Iwasstilldeterminedtohaveaboat.SoIchoseastrongtreeandspentweekscuttingitdown.Thenittookmemonthstoturnitfromtreetoboat.Whenitwastimetolaunch,IrealizedIhadmademyboattoofarfromtheneareststream.Theboatwasfartooheavyformetomove.Itriedbringingthewatertotheboatinsteadoftheboattothewater.Isoonsawitwouldtakemetwentyyearsofconstantlabor.Icelebratedmyfourthyearontheislandwithtwoboats,butIwasnoclosertoaseajourney.——TakenfromTheAdventuresofRobinsonCrusoeParagraph2mainlytellsus.howmuchriceandwheatIharvestedhowmanytoolsImadetobakebreadhowIprotectedmycropfromthebirdshowIkeptthewildgoatsawayfrommycropWhatdoes"anewproblem"inParagraph3referto?Howtoplantgrain.Howtomakepots.Howtostoregrain.Howtofixthebaskets.Bythelastsentence"Iwasnoclosertoaseajourney",thewritermeansIwasgettingcloserandclosertotheseaIwasgettingfartherandfartherfromtheseaitwaspossibleformetohaveaseajourneyinmyboatsitwasstillimpossibleformetoexploretheislandbyseaWhatcanweinfer（推斷）fromthepassage?Imanagedtoturnovertheshipsboat.Ispentmonthsbringingtheboattotheneareststream.Itriedtosolvetheproblemswithmycourageandwisdom.Ispentthethirdyearontheislandinfarmingandbaking.CThisspring,thetownofOsosawtwicetheusualrainfall.Whenthesunfinallyshone,LoAnnaandKris'sthreeolderkidsranoutside.Inside,LoAnnanursedtheirfour-month-oldKristian.SuddenlyLoAnnaheardaloudnoise.Sherushedoutsideintimetoseeahalf-mile-widemudandsandthunderingdownthehilltowardthem,knockingoverhundredsoftrees.Mudslide（泥流）！LoAnnagatheredeveryoneintothebedroomfarthestfromthefallinghillsideandwaited.KrisgotacallfromLoAnna,Hehurriedlydrovehome.Highway530wascoveredwiththicksand,fallentrees.Krishadtorunhome.Themudcameuptohisknees.Suddenlyheheardawomanscreamingforhelp.Hepulledthroughmud,overpiecesofhousestothesourceofthecries.Atfirst,hesawanarmreachingupthroughthedebris.There,awoman,buriedunderpiecesofwalls.furniture,andtrees.washoldingababy.Finally,hefreedthebaby.Bythistime,othercitizenshadcome.Aftersavingthewoman,Krismovedon.Hewasstillamilefromhome.Aheadlaytwofallenhouses.Heheardamoan.Steppingtowardthehouse,Krisnearlykilledhimselfinthemud.Anoldermanwastrappedinhousedebris.HewastwiceKrissweight.He'dhavetowaitformorehelp.Justthen,Krisheardanothermanmoaningfromthesecondhouse.Krispulledawaysomepiecesofthehouse,butthemanwasburiedtoodeeplyforhim.Hearinghelicopter（直升飛機）ontheroof,Krisclimbedup,metamemberofthesearch-and-rescueteamandledhimtothefirstman.Thenheheadedbackandkeptdigginguntilhecouldturnthesecondmanover.Aftertherestoftheteamarrived,Krismovedontofindhisfamily.Krisfinallyreachedhome.Itwasflooded,butthemudhadstoppedjustshyofthehouse.Histruckwasgone,aswereLoAnnaandtheothers.Hecheckedcarsandhousesnearbyforsurvivors,thenrantothecommandcenter.Notlongafterhearrived,hesawhistruckcomingdowntheroad.LoAnnajumpedout.KriswaspraisedbytheRedCrossforhisheroics.Thepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphsisto.createanunusualsettingofthestoryintroducethecentralideaofthestorydescribeaturningpointofthestoryreviewthemaincharacterofthestoryWhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthestory?Krisfoundamanburiedtoodeeplyforhim.Krisheardawomanscreamingforhelp.Krisledarescuemembertosavetheolderman.KrisfoundLoAnna,kidsandhistruckgone.Kriswasnearlykilledinthemud.A.beacdB.badecC.aecbdD.aedbcWhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?Krissavedthreepersonsinall.Krissavedthebabybyhimself.Krispulledthefirstmanoutofmud.Krisfoundsomesurvivorsnearhishouse.Whichsentencebestshowsthecentralthemeinthetext?KrisgotacallfromLoAnna.Hewasstillamilefromhome.Hesawhistruckcomingdowntheroad.KriswaspraisedbytheRedCrossforhisheroics.D“Growingup,Einsteinsawhisfatherstruggletosupportthefamilyandmovethefamilyfordifferentjobs,Einsteinhadtomovebetweenschoolsanditwaschallengingforhimtocatchupwithhisnewclass.”Thisstoryaboutthestruggles(f+)offamousscientistscan'tbefoundinyoursciencetextbook,butanewstudysuggestedmaybeitshouldbe.Inthestudy,4029th-and10th-gradestudentsfromfourNewYorkCityhighschoolsinlow-incomeareasweredividedintothreegroups.Thestudentsreadsome800-wordstoriesaboutAlbertEinsteinandMarieCurie.Thecontrolgroupreadaregularsciencetextbookdescriptionabouttheirgreatachievements.Anothergroupreadaboutthescientists'personalstruggles,likeEinstein'srunningawayfromNaziGermany.Thethirdgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectualstruggles,astheytrieddifferentexperiments---andfailed.Asitturnedout.thestudentswhohadreadaboutscientists'struggles,whetherpersonalorintellectual,hadhighergradesthanstudentswhohadreadaboutachievements.Thosewhoweren'tgettinggoodgradestobeginwithgainedthemost.Thoseinthecontrolgroupnotonlydidn'tseeagradeincrease,theyhadlowergradesthanthegradingbeforethestudybegan.“Wethinkthatstrugglestoriesshowedscientists'weaknesses. ”'twhresearcherswrite,createsasenseofconnectionbetweenthestudentsandscientists.Andthatmaymakeiteasierforstudentstoseethemasrolemodels.”“WhenkidsthinkEinsteinisatalentwhoisuntouchable,thentheybelievetheywillnevergetthere,"saidleadresearcherXiaodongLin-Siegler,PhD.Ifwewanttoeducateafuturegenerationofgreatscientists,wecanstartbychangingthewaywetalkaboutthegreatscientistsofthepast.An800-wordstoryaboutscientistsfailures,notjusttheirachievements,insciencetextbookswillmakeithappen.Whatdoesthearticlemainlytalkabout?Learningaboutstrugglesofscientistsmayhelpstudentssucceedinscience.Readingstoriesofscientists'achievementswillhelpeducatefuturescientists.Sciencetextbooksshoulddescribescientistsfailuresinsteadoftheirachievements.Storiesofscientists'strugglesmaymakestudentsseescientistsasbeinguntouchable.FromParagraph4,wecanknowthatthosegoodatscienceachievedmostfromthisexercisethecontrolgrouphadlowergradesthantheothertwogroupsthestudents'gradesinthecontrolgroupremainedthesamethestudentsinthethirdgrouphadthehighestgradesWhat'sthemainideaforParagraphs5and6?FindingsofthestudyExplanationsfromtheresearchersProcessofthestudSuggestionsfromtheresearchersInthestudy,whichofthefollowingwouldthethirdgroupprobablyread?Einsteinwonmanyawardsinhislife,includingthe1921NobelPrizeinphysics.GoingtocollegewashardforCuriebecauseatthattimewomenwerenotallowedtoattendschool.So,Curiehadtostudyatsecretclasses.Bythetimeshereachedcollege,Curiewasabletounderstandfivelanguagesthattopscientistsspokeatthattime.Oftenworkinghourafterhouranddayafterday.Curiedevotedherselftosolvingchallengingproblemsandlearningfromhermistakes.四、詞匯運用（共10小題；每小題1分，計10分）根據(jù)句子意思，用括號中所給漢語提示或英語單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 在答題卡標有題號的橫線上，寫出空缺處所填單詞的正確形式。 （每空一詞）Cellsaretheandmostbasicunitsoflivingmatter.（small）Thereisaplaceinmyheartwhereallnationswilllivesomeday.（peace）TomisthinkingaboutgoingasacowboyfortheyearatHalloween.（five）DadthemtoourhouseandMumsoonhadalunchreadyforthem.（bring）Thelibrarianwasatmeandseemedfriendly.（smile）VisitorstoYangzhoucanenjoyabiteofdishesatYechunTeaHouse.的地的）GeGardenwithanareaof12,000metershousesover60typesofbamboo.（平方的）Somevaluablejewelleryinthatshopwaslastweek.（偷）YangzhouEightEccentricswereagroupofwhocreatedtheirownstyle.（藝術(shù)家）Chinahaschangedourcountryandimpressedtheworld.（速度）五、任務(wù)型閱讀（共10空;每空1分，計10分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文中的信息完成文后表格。 在答題卡標有題號的橫線上， 寫出空缺處所填單詞的正確形式。 （每空一詞）Beyonditsinfluenceonhealth,notgettingenoughsleepcanleadtocaraccidentsorothermistakes.Herearewhatsleepresearchershavefoundabouthowtosleep.Howmuchsleepdoweactuallyneed?Itisknownthatallofusnaturallyneednolessthaneighthoursofsleeppernight.Whenwesleepbelowsixhoursper24.we'reatanincreasedriskofhealthproblems.Someofusthinkwecanmakeupanyofthosehourslostduringtheweekontheweekends.Sadlythereisnostoragesystemforsleepinthebrain.Canwetrainourselvestoneedlesssleep?Asastudyin1964,a17-year-oldboynamedRandyGardnerstayedawakefor264hours.Howmanypeoplecoulddoanythingclosetothatwithoutdying?Whenyouarereadingthis,youmightsayyouusuallygetsixhoursofsleepandfeeljustfine.Sleepexpertsoftencomparepeoplewithoutenoughsleeptodrunkdrivers:Theydontgetbehindthewheelthinkingthey'reprobablygoingtokillsomeone.Canwedrinkcoffeeinsteadofsleeping?Coffeecankeepusawake.Remember,toomuchcoffeemaythrowoffoursleepandenergycycles.Solimitcoffeeandavoidcaffeineforfourtosixhoursbeforebedtime.Doesasenseofpurposeconnecttosleepquality?Anewresearchsuggestsakindofstrongconnectionbetweenpurposeinlifeandsleep.Peoplewhohaveagreatersenseofpurposeusuallyhavebetterphysicalandmentalhealth,whichinturnexplainstheirhigher-qualitysleep.Perhapsdevelopingasenseofpurposeinlifecouldbeasusefulatimprovingsleepasthehealthyhabitsabove.HowtosleepIntroductionNotgettingenoughsleepcaninfluenceourhealthand56manymistakes.Findings from57 researchersHowmuchsleepdoweactuallyneed?Eighthoursofsleepanightis58 forallofus.Sleepinglessthansixhoursadaycan59theriskofhealthproblems.?Itis60tomakeupthelostsleepinghoursduringtheworkweek.Canwetrainourselvestoneedlesssleep??Peoplewithoutenoughsleepwouldinsistthattheywere61 ,butweren'tdoingwellatall.Canwedrinkcoffeeinsteadofsleeping?Usingcoffeeinsteadofsleepingmightleadtosleep62 .Drinkproperamountofcoffeeatproper63 .Doesasenseofpurposeconnecttosleepquality?Asenseofpurposeinlifeisclosely 64withsleepquality.Peoplewithagreatersenseofpurposemaysleep65—.六、缺詞填空（共10空;每空1分，計10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使短文完整。 在答題卡標有題號的橫線上，完整地寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。 （每空一詞）Aftercrossingtheriver,Dorothyandherfriendscametoapoppyflowerfield,withmanyothercolourfulflowersnexttoit.“