（精心整理）定語從句專項(xiàng)講解

導(dǎo)入定語從句專項(xiàng)講解導(dǎo)入提問：定語是什么？修飾限定名詞或代詞的成分被稱為定語。舉例:Thisisabeautifulflower.（形容詞作定語，置前）Thisisaflowerinthegarden.（介詞短語作定語，置后）Thisistheflowerwhichyougavetome.（定語從句作定語，置后）先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理定義：在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+其他關(guān)系詞的用法:1.關(guān)系詞的分類：1）關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,which,that,whose2）關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why(作狀語)2.關(guān)系代詞在句中充當(dāng)成分關(guān)系代詞whowhomthatwhichwhose充當(dāng)成分主、賓（可省）、表賓語主、賓（可?。?、表主、賓(可省)、表定語先行詞人人人或物物人或物3.關(guān)系代詞的詳細(xì)用法who,whom的用法1)who在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語，作賓語可省。ThegirlwhoisinredisLily.(作___________,不可?。㊣likethepersonwhoyouaretalkingto.(作___________,可用whom/that替換或者省略)Youarewhoyouare.(作___________,不可省)2)whom在句中作賓語，限制性從句可省，非限制性從句中不能省略IhappenedtomeettheprofessorwhomIgottoknowatapartyyesterday.(作________,可省)IhavemanyfriendstowhomIamgoingtosendpostcards.（_________后面不可省）溫馨提示：關(guān)系代詞whom在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時(shí)，常由“溫馨提示：關(guān)系代詞whom在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時(shí)，常由“介詞+whom引出，此時(shí)whom不能省略。whose的用法whose的先行詞既可指人，也可指物。在定語從句中作定語，whose=then.+ofwhich/whome.g.Thisisthescientistwhoseachievementsarewellknown.(whose指人)=Thisisthescientist,____________theachievementsarewellknown.e.g.I’dlikearoomwhosewindowfacesthesea.（whose指物）=I’dlikearoom______________thewindowfacesthesea.that和which的用法1)限制性定語從句中，通常情況下可以互換。that指人或物，which指物不指人，作主語或賓語，作賓語可省，主語不能。Hisfatherworksinafactorythat/whichmakesTVsets.(作___________,不可省)Thecoat_______________Iputonthedeskisblack.（作___________,___________）注意：(先行詞為物，在介詞后面用which）

注意：(先行詞為物，在介詞后面用which）=Theroom_________Iliveinisverybig.只用that——“人物最不避人物”“人物”——that既可指人，也可指物Isthisthemuseumthatyouvisitedtheotherday?(指_______,可用_______)JackisnolongerthepersonthatImetfiveyearsago.（指______,可用_______、________）“最”——極端修飾：最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞、theonly,thesame,thesame等Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownsofarinthecity.(先行詞被___________修飾)Thefirstthingthatweshoulddonowistofindalocalguide.（先行詞被___________修飾）“不”——不定代詞(all,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,nothing,none,等)Alltheapples__that__felldownfromthetreewereeatenupbythepigs.Thereisnotmuch___________oughttobedonerightnow.(先行詞為____________)Hedideverythingcouldhelpus.(先行詞為____________)(10全國2)Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething____________wassomeoneelse’sfault.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.that“避”——避免重復(fù)Whoisthepersonthatisstandingattheschoolgate?（前有__________）哪輛自行車是你弄丟的那輛？_________isthebike________youlost?“人物”——先行詞有人也有物Tellusaboutthepeopleandtheplaces_thataredifferentfromours.I’mgoingtotalkaboutthecountriesandpeoplethatIhavevisited.（先行詞是_____________）3)只用which①在非限制性定語從句中Shelostthegame,whichdepressedhergreatly.Tokyo,___________isthecapitalofJapan,seesgreatchangeseveryday.②在定語從句中作介詞的賓語，且介詞位于關(guān)系代詞前。ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbecomeashoeshop.Thepenwith__________youarewritingisJeff’s.③如果有兩個(gè)定語從句，其中前一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞用that，后一個(gè)宜用whichLetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.解題思路解題思路Step1:找出先行詞，判斷指人指物Step2:判斷定語從句中缺什么成分（主語、賓語、表語、定語）

Step3:選擇合適的關(guān)系代詞。即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練1.Thisisthebag________mymotherboughtyesterday.A.that B.who C.whom D.This2.Theman________livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whom B.which C.who D./3.Thegirl________yousawinthestreetisMary.A.that B.whose C.which D.as4.Isthisthefactory________alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theone B.that C.where D.this5.Theonlylanguage________iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.which B.that C./ D.it6.Thegirlhandedeverything________shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.which B.inwhich C.that D.all7.Pleaseshowmethebook________youboughtyesterday.A.which B.whom C.whose D.this8.Thisisthebestbook________Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.who B.whom C.which D./9.Theman________washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whom B.who C./ D.He10.Theboy________hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoor B.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoor D.thatlivesnextdoor11.Don’tgoin,thisistheshop________wehavejustbeen________.A./,to B.that,/ C.where,to D.which,there12.Heisthemostcarefulboy________Iknow.A.what B.which C.as D./13.Didyoutellyourmotherall________youhadseenonthewayhome?A.whatB.whyC.thatD.which14.It’soneofthemostimportantmeetings________thisyears.A.thathasbeenheldB.whichhasbeenheldC.thathavebeenheldD.whichhaveheld15.Thisisthenewtypeofplane_______partsaremadeofplastics.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whose課后作業(yè)課后作業(yè)1.Theysentmychildtotheschooleverymorning,whichIconsideredagreathelptome.2.Shehastwodaughterswhostudyinthesameschool.3.TalkingabouttheUSA,NewYorkisthefirstthingthatcomestomind.4.Doyouknowthegirlwhoisstandingonthestage?5.Shemaybelate,inwhichcaseweoughttowaitforher.6.Whoistheper