河南省洛陽(yáng)市2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

第21頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)洛陽(yáng)市2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考試高二英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Where’stheruler?A.Inthedrawer.B.Inthestreet.C.Onthedesk.2.What’sthewoman’sseatnumber?A.7A.B.10A.C.17A.3.Whatlanguagecanthewomanspeak?A.French.B.Chinese.C.German.4.Howlongdoesthemanplantostay?A.Halfaday.B.Oneday.C.Twodays.5.Whenshouldthemanfinishhisbook?A.Thedayaftertomorrow.B.Bytheendofthismonth.C.Beforehisbossreturns.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.InJapan.B.InChina.C.InCanada.7.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Neighbors.C.Colleagues.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.What’sthewomanmostprobably?A.Asaleswoman.B.Alibrarian.C.Acustomer.9.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.Fiftycents.B.Onehundredcents.C.Twohundredcents.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdoesthewomanprotecttheenvironment?A.Bysavingwater.B.Bydoingthedishes.C.Bywateringtheplants.11.Whatdoesthewomandowithheroldthings?A.Shedonatesthem.B.Sherecyclesthem.C.Shethrowsthemaway.12.Whydidthewomanjointheorganization?A.Totravelinthecity.B.Toworkwithfriends.C.Toplantmoretrees.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whereisthewomangoing?A.London.B.Beijing.C.Washington.14.Whoisthewomanvisiting?A.Herfamily.B.Hersister.C.Herdaughter.15.Whatticketdoesthewomanwant?A.Aone-wayticket.B.Afirst-classticket.C.Aneconomyclassticket.16.Whenisthewomanleaving?A.At8:30am.B.At11:20am.C.At12:30pm.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.What’sthewomanmainlytalkingabout?A.HowshecoulddobetterinEnglish.B.HowshehelpedotherswithEnglish.C.HowsheimprovedherEnglishlevel.18.WhoisMissBrown?A.Thewoman’steacher.B.Thewoman’smother.C.Thewoman’sfriend.19.WhydidthewomanthinkdoingEnglishhomeworkimportant?A.Itwasusefulinimprovingreadingability.B.Ithelpedherrememberthenewwords.C.Itmadeiteasiertograspthemainidea.20.Whatdidreadingnewspapershelpthewomanwith?A.Herwritingskill.B.Herspeakingskill.C.Herlisteningskill.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AReadytoshareyournovelsorpersonalstorieswiththeworld?Thefollowingfourwritingcontestsareworthconsidering.DrueHeinzLiteraturePrizeYoucanwin$15,000andpublicationbytheUniversityofPittsburghPresswiththisprize.Youmaysubmitanunpublishedmanuscriptofshortstories,twoormorenovelsoracombinationofnovelsandshortstories.Youmusthavealreadypublishedanovelorbook-lengthworkoffictionwitharespectedpublisher.Deadline:AnnualsubmissionsmustbebetweenMay1andJune30.BiopageStorytellingWritingContestEssaysofupto5,000characters(about1000words)willbeacceptedandrightnowwe’relookingforstoriesofCOVID-19quarantinelife.Thegrandprizewinnerwillreceive$300,andfiverunners-upwillbeawarded$100each.You’llneedtoregisterforaBiopageaccounttobequalified.Deadline:July31,2022PEN/RobertJ.DauShortStoryPrizeforEmergingWritersThiscontestrequiresyoutohavealreadypublishedashortstoryinaliterarymagazineorjournalorculturalwebsite.Shortstoriesofupto12,000wordsarequalifiedandmustbepublishedbeforetheyearinwhichtheawardisgiven.Theprizemoneyvariesfrom$1,000to$200.Inaddition,keepthisinmind:Submissionsareonlyqualifiedwhensubmittedbyaneditor.Deadline:ThecontestisopenannuallybetweenJuneandNovember.WritetheWorldFornewwriters,thiscoolcontestalsoservesasaminiworkshop.Consideringthatthefirstdraftisneverperfect,submissionswillreceivereviewbyauthors,writingteachersandotherexperts.Participantsaregiventhechancetorevisetheirpiecesbasedonthereviewbeforesubmittingthemforfinalprizeconsideration.5topprizewinnerswillreceive$100each.Deadline:Monthly.1.Whichwritingcontestoffersthebiggestprizemoney?A.WritetheWorld. B.DrueHeinzLiteraturePrize.C.BiopageStorytellingWritingContest. D.PEN/RobertJ.DauShortStoryPrizeforEmergingWriters.2.WhatshouldyoudotoparticipateinBiopageStorytellingWritingContest?A.Publishanovelbeforehand. B.Berecognizedbyaneditor.C.RegisterforaBiopageaccount. D.Cooperatewitharespectedpublisher.3.WhoisWritetheWorldmostprobablytargetedat?A.Firstauthors. B.Novelreviewers.C.Literaturecritics. D.Writingbeginners.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了4個(gè)不同的寫作比賽?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DrueHeinzLiteraturePrize中的“Youcanwin$15,000andpublicationbytheUniversityofPittsburghPresswiththisprize.(你可以贏得15000美元的獎(jiǎng)金，并獲得匹茲堡大學(xué)出版社出版的作品)”、BiopageStorytellingWritingContest中的“Thegrandprizewinnerwillreceive$300,andfiverunners-upwillbeawarded$100each.(大獎(jiǎng)得主將獲得300美元，五名亞軍將獲得每人100美元)”、PEN/RobertJ.DauShortStoryPrizeforEmergingWriters中的“Theprizemoneyvariesfrom$1,000to$200.(獎(jiǎng)金從1000美元到200美元不等)”和WritetheWorld中的“5topprizewinnerswillreceive$100each.(5名頭獎(jiǎng)得主每人將獲得100美元)”可知，DrueHeinzLiteraturePrize寫作比賽的獎(jiǎng)金最高。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BiopageStorytellingWritingContest部分中“You’llneedtoregisterforaBiopageaccounttobequalified.(您需要注冊(cè)一個(gè)Biopage帳戶才有資格)”可知，參加傳記小說(shuō)寫作比賽你應(yīng)該注冊(cè)Biopage賬戶。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)WritetheWorld部分中“Fornewwriters,thiscoolcontestalsoservesasaminiworkshop.(對(duì)于新作家來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)酷炫的比賽也可以作為一個(gè)迷你工作坊)”可推知，WritetheWorld針對(duì)的是寫作新手。故選D。BLaughterisinmanywaysouruniversallanguage.Humanslovetolaugh,andit’sgoodthatwedoso,becauselaughingcanreducestress,improveourimmunesystemandrelievepain.JeannetteSanger,alaughteryogainstructorfromNewYork,experiencedthelatterbenefitlastsummer.Shewascookingwhenapotofboilingwateroverflowedandhurtherleg.“Itwaspainful,”shesaid,butsheforcedherselftouseherownskillsasmedicineandtriedlaughingtoreducethepain.“Asmyhusbanddrovemetothenearesthospital,Iwassittinginthebackseatlaughing,”SangertoldTheHuffingtonPost.“Itsuccessfullystoppedmefromgivingmyattentiontothepain.”EvenforcedlaughterlikeSanger’scanhaveagreateffectonthebody,accordingtoDr.MadanKataria,amedicaldoctorfromIndiawhodevelopedlaughteryoga,apracticethatdrawsonthebreathingexercisesofyogatoproducetherapeutic(有療效的)results.Thedoctorwaresearchingforanarticleentitled“Laughter-TheBestMedicine”whenhemadethesurprisingdiscoverythatbothforcedandsincerelaughtercanaffectourhealth.In2014,researchersatCalifornia’sLomaLindaUniversityfoundthatolderadultswhowatchfunnyvideosshowimprovementintheirpowersofrecallandshowlowerstresslevels.AnotherstudyattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenterfoundthatpeoplewholaughmoreandhaveasenseofhumourarelesslikelytogetheartdisease.“Laughingisawayoflearninghowtoplayagain,”Sangersaid.Sanger’sclassesstartoutwithsimplebreathingandmovementactivities.“Motioncreatesemotion,”shesaid.4.WhatisJeannetteSanger?A.Adoctor. B.Acook. C.Aresearcher. D.Atrainer.5.WhydidJeannetteSangerlaugh?A.Toreducestress. B.Toenjoyitsbenefit.C.Torelievepain. D.Toamuseherself6.Howcanhumorhelppeople?A.Itcanresultinmorelaughter. B.Itcanmakeyoumoresensitive.C.It’slikelytocauseheartdisease. D.Itmayleadtomemoryrecovery.7.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassagemean?A.Bymovingaroundyou’rechangingyourmood.B.Motionbringsaboutgreatchangetoyouremotion.C.Youremotioncanbeimprovedbymovingalot.D.Humorhasbothphysicalandpsychologicaleffects.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。笑在很多方面都是我們的通用語(yǔ)言。文章通過(guò)一個(gè)笑瑜伽教練闡述人笑對(duì)我們是好事，笑可以減輕壓力，改善我們的免疫系統(tǒng)，減輕疼痛。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“JeannetteSanger,alaughteryogainstructorfromNewYork,experiencedthelatterbenefitlastsummer.(JeannetteSanger，來(lái)自紐約的笑聲瑜伽教練，去年夏天經(jīng)歷了后一種好處。)”可知，JeannetteSanger是一個(gè)瑜伽教練。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Shewascookingwhenapotofboilingwateroverflowedandhurtherleg.“Itwaspainful,”shesaid,butsheforcedherselftouseherownskillsasmedicineandtriedlaughingtoreducethepain.(她正在做飯，突然一壺開水溢出來(lái)，弄傷了她的腿?！昂芡纯?，”她說(shuō)，但她強(qiáng)迫自己用自己的醫(yī)術(shù)，試著用笑來(lái)減輕痛苦。)”可知，JeannetteSanger笑是為了緩解疼痛。故選C。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“In2014,researchersatCalifornia’sLomaLindaUniversityfoundthatolderadultswhowatchfunnyvideosshowimprovementintheirpowersofrecallandshowlowerstresslevels.(2014年，加州洛馬琳達(dá)大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，觀看搞笑視頻的老年人記憶力有所提高，壓力水平也較低。)”可知，幽默可以幫助人們恢復(fù)記憶。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文“‘Laughingisawayoflearninghowtoplayagain,’Sangersaid.Sanger’sclassesstartoutwithsimplebreathingandmovementactivities.(桑格說(shuō):“笑是學(xué)習(xí)如何再次玩耍的一種方式?！鄙８竦恼n程從簡(jiǎn)單的呼吸和運(yùn)動(dòng)活動(dòng)開始。)”可知，桑格的笑瑜伽課以簡(jiǎn)單的呼吸和運(yùn)動(dòng)開始，說(shuō)明運(yùn)動(dòng)可以對(duì)情緒有好的影響，因此推斷她說(shuō)“運(yùn)動(dòng)可以創(chuàng)造情緒”的意思是說(shuō)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)極大地改變你的情緒。故選B。CInmanycases,onlineclassescanbeagifttocollegestudentseverywhere.They’redifferentfromtraditionalclassesinmanyways,whichcanbeawelcomereliefforstudents.Onethingthatmanycollegestudentsprobablydislikeabouttraditionalin-personclassesisthatthey’reinflexible.Whateverclassyouhave,thereisusuallyaspecificscheduleyouneedtofollowandyoumustattendtheclassinperson.Bycontrast,onlineclassesaremuchmoreflexible.Theydon’trequireyoutoattendclassesataparticulartime,whichmeansyouhavetheopportunitytodoyourworkwheneveryouseefit.Ofcourse,thiscomeswithapossibledisadvantageifyouaren’tthebestatmanagingyourtime.However,ifyouareefficientatmanagingyourownscheduleandgettingyourassignmentsandstudyingdoneinatimelymanner,thenonlineclassesareagreatoptionforyou.Flexibilitywithyourclassesgivesyouthechancetomaketimeforotherimportantthingsinyourlife.Notonlyareonlineclassesflexible,buttheyalsoofferacomfortableenvironmentinwhichyoucanlearn.Becauseyoudon’thavetophysicallyattendclasses,you’llhavethechancetoworkfromwhereveryouwant.Soifyoupreferlearningandgettingworkdoneinacafe,gotoacafe.Ifyouwouldratherdoyourworkinyourbedroom,youhavethefreedomtodothat.Anothergreatthingaboutonlineclassesisthattherearequiteavarietytochoosefrom.Youcanfindpracticallyanydegreeprogramyouwantonlinetohelpyouadvanceinyoureducationandcareer.Thecostsofacollegeeducationdefinitelyaddupwhenyouconsiderexpensesfornotonlyclasscredits,butalsoperhapson-campushousing,textbooks,mealplans,andotherfees.Whenitcomestoonlineclasses,however,youdon’thavetoworryaboutallthoseextraexpenses.Asaresult,onlineclassesmaybeagoodchoiceifyou’relookingtogodownamoreaffordableroute.8.Whichisthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.9.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsonlinelearningaccordingtoparagraph3?ANeutral. B.Supportive. C.Negative. D.Critical.10.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WhyonlinelessonsarebecomingpopularB.HowonecanmakegooduseofonlineclassesCWhocanbenefitgreatlyfromonlinelearningD.Whatstudentsloveabouttakingonlineclasses11.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?A.Onlineeducators. B.Universitystudents.C.Onlinemasters. D.Computerprogrammers.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為說(shuō)明文，主要講述了在線課堂受歡迎的原因?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段引出在線課堂這一話題，二、三段主要講述在線課堂的靈活性，第四段的“Notonlyareonlineclassesflexible,buttheyalsoofferacomfortableenvironmentinwhichyoucanlearn(在線課堂不僅靈活，而且提供了一個(gè)舒適的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境)”講述在先課堂提供了一個(gè)舒適的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。第五段的“Anothergreatthingaboutonlineclassesisthattherearequiteavarietytochoosefrom(在線課堂的另一個(gè)好處是有很多種可供選擇)”講述在線課堂的多樣性，第六段的“Whenitcomestoonlineclasses,however,youdon’thavetoworryaboutallthoseextraexpenses(然而，當(dāng)談到在線課程時(shí)，你不必?fù)?dān)心所有的額外費(fèi)用)”講述在線課堂的費(fèi)用。第二和第三段與四、五、六并列，在講述在線課堂的優(yōu)勢(shì)，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】判斷推理題。結(jié)合第三自然段中“onlineclassesaremuchmoreflexible(在線課程更加靈活)”可知，作者在講述在線課堂的靈活性，對(duì)人們來(lái)說(shuō)很方遍。由此推知，作者是支持的態(tài)度，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。結(jié)合第四段的“Notonlyareonlineclassesflexible,buttheyalsoofferacomfortableenvironmentinwhichyoucanlearn(在線課堂不僅靈活，而且提供了一個(gè)舒適的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境)”，第五段的“Anothergreatthingaboutonlineclassesisthattherearequiteavarietytochoosefrom(在線課堂的另一個(gè)好處是有很多種可供選擇)”，和第六段的“Whenitcomestoonlineclasses,however,youdon’thavetoworryaboutallthoseextraexpenses(然而，當(dāng)談到在線課程時(shí)，你不必?fù)?dān)心所有的額外費(fèi)用)”可知，全文都在講述在線課堂的優(yōu)勢(shì)，D選項(xiàng)“Whatstudentsloveabouttakingonlineclasses(學(xué)生喜歡在線課堂的原因)”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】判斷推理題。結(jié)合第一段“Inmanycases,onlineclassescanbeagifttocollegestudentseverywhere(在很多情況下，在線課堂可以成為各地大學(xué)生的禮物)”推知，文章寫給大學(xué)生，故選B項(xiàng)。DWhenparentsask“Whatgradedidyouget?”,thereisacommonfollow-upquestion:“Sowhogotthehighestgrade?”Manyeducatorsselectandpubliclyannounce“thebeststudent”inaclassorschool.Adultspraisechildrenforoutperformingothers.Sportstournamentsawardthosewhosurpassothers.Thepracticeofmakingsocialcomparisonsissocommonindailylifethatthenegativeeffectscausedbysocialcomparisonsareusuallyignored.Onewell-knownstrategytogetridofsocialcomparisonsistoprovidechildrenwithparticipationawards,whichmeanschildrengetthesameprizedespitetheirperformance.Suchawards,however,maynotabolishsocialcomparisons.High-performingchildrenmayfeelunjustlytreatedandlookdownonthelattergroup.Moregenerallythosewhoreceiveunwarranted(無(wú)正當(dāng)理由的)rewardsmaycometobelievetheydeservetoreceivetherecognition.How,then,canwemakechildrenfeelproudofthemselvesandmotivatethemwithouttheunwantedsideeffects?Abetterapproachistousetemporalcomparisons-encouragingchildrentocomparethemselveswiththeirpastselfratherthanwithothers.Researchersrecentlyconductedastudy,where583childrenwereaskedtodoareading-and-writingexercisedesignedtoinfluencethekindofcomparisonstheywouldmake:socialcomparisonsortemporalcomparisons.Resultsshowedchildrenwhocomparedthemselveswithotherssaidtheywantedtobesuperiortosuchpeople,whilethosewhocomparedthemselveswiththeirpastselfsaidtheywantedtoimproveratherthanbesuperior.Temporalcomparisonschangedchildren’sgoalsawayfromadesireforsuperiorityandtowardself-improvement.What,then,canparentsandteachersdowiththisknowledge?Parentsandteacherscanpraisechildren’simprovementovertimetoletthemknowtheyaremakingprogress.Also,teacherscancreatelearningcontextsthattrackchildren’sownprogressovertime,suchasreportcardsthatdisplaytheirchangesinlearningandperformance.Ofcourse,temporalcomparisonsarenotapanacea;weshouldneverpushchildrentoomuchtoimprovethemselves.Theroadtowardself-improvementispavedwithstrugglesandsetbacks.Ratherthanmakingchildrenfeelbadforthosefailures,weshouldencouragethemtolearnfromtheirimperfectpastself-andthushelpyoungstersbecomebetterthanbefore.12.Whatcanweknowaboutthestrategymentionedinparagraph2?A.Itisinhigh-performingchildren’sfavor.B.Itstressestheimportanceofteamwork.C.Itmaymakeallthechildrenmoreconfident.D.Itmaydiscouragehigh-performingchildren.13.Whatdoestheresearchfindingsuggest?A.Childrenhaveadesiretofeelproudofthemselves.B.Temporalcomparisonsmakeforself-improvement.C.Childrenneedtobeexposedtovariouscomparisons.D.Socialcomparisonsgivechildrenasenseofsuperiority.14.Whatdoestheunderlined“panacea”mostprobablymean?A.Cure-all. B.Routine. C.Priority. D.Benefit.15.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Failurecanbeavoidedbyequality. B.Comparisonswillleadtofailure.C.Failureisanopportunitytolearn. D.Comparisonsaredifficulttoabolish.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹可以通過(guò)時(shí)間比較來(lái)激勵(lì)孩子們成長(zhǎng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“High-performingchildrenmayfeelunjustlytreated（表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異的孩子可能會(huì)感到受到不公正的對(duì)待）”可知，該策略（參與獎(jiǎng)）會(huì)讓表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異的孩子感到沮喪，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Temporalcomparisonschangedchildren’sgoalsawayfromadesireforsuperiorityandtowardself-improvement（時(shí)間上的比較改變了孩子們的目標(biāo)，使他們不再追求優(yōu)越感，而是追求自我提升）”可知，時(shí)間比較有助于自我提升，故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theroadtowardself-improvementispavedwithstrugglesandsetbacks.（自我完善的道路是由斗爭(zhēng)和挫折鋪成的）”可知，通往自我完善的道路很艱難，時(shí)間比較不是萬(wàn)靈藥。由此猜測(cè)劃線詞意為“萬(wàn)靈藥”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ratherthanmakingchildrenfeelbadforthosefailures,weshouldencouragethemtolearnfromtheirimperfectpastself-andthushelpyoungstersbecomebetterthanbefore（我們不應(yīng)該讓孩子們?yōu)檫@些失敗感到難過(guò)，而是應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)他們從過(guò)去不完美的自我中學(xué)習(xí)，從而幫助孩子們變得比以前更好）”推知，作者認(rèn)為失敗是學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtobefunnyHumorcanhelpyouconnectwithotherpeopleandmakeunpleasantsituationsalittlemorebearable.Beingfunnymightseemlikeittakesalotofwork,butit’sactuallynotthathardonceyoutapintoyourinnersenseofhumor.____16____Learnalittleaboutwhatmakesyoulaugh.Laughteritselfisunconscious.Whileit’spossibleforustokeepourselvesfromlaughing,itisveryhardforustoproducelaughterondemand,anddoingsowillusuallyseem“forced”.Fortunately,laughterisverycontagious.____17____Learntolaughinboringorunfunnycircumstances.It’sgoodtoknowthatthelessfunnyaplaceis,theeasieritbecomestoaddtheelementofhumoroussurprise.____18____ThisiswhyTheOffice,theoriginallyaBBC2showthatwasremadebyNBC,usesanofficeasitssetting:it’saboutasboringasitgets.We’renotusedtolookingatanofficeasafunnyplace,sowhenitisfunny,it’sespeciallyfunny.____19____Beingfunnydoesn’tcomeina“one-size-fits-all”package.Whatmakesyoufunnyisuniquetoyouandthewayyouobservetheworld.Trustthatyoudohaveafunnybone.____20____Andallchildrenexpresshumornaturallyfromkindergartenageusinghumortoentertainthemselvesandothers.It’salreadyinyou-youjustneedtobringitout!A.Trustinyourinnersenseofhumor.B.Asbabieswelaughfromfourmonthsofage.C.Maybeyoudon’tthinkyou’renaturallyfunny.D.Studieshaveshownthathumormakesuslaughthemost.E.Therearethingsyoucandotomakeyourselfandotherpeoplelaugh.F.Inasocialcontext,it’seasytostartlaughingwhenothersarelaughing.G.Itmightbeeasiertogetpeopletolaughinanofficeworkplacethaninacomedyclub.【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.A20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些有助于變得幽默的方法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Humorcanhelpyouconnectwithotherpeopleandmakeunpleasantsituationsalittlemorebearable.Beingfunnymightseemlikeittakesalotofwork,butit’sactuallynotthathardonceyoutapintoyourinnersenseofhumor.(幽默可以幫助你與他人建立聯(lián)系，讓不愉快的情況變得更容易忍受。變得有趣可能看起來(lái)需要花很多功夫，但實(shí)際上，一旦你挖掘自己內(nèi)在的幽默感，就沒(méi)有那么難了)”以及后文主要介紹了一些幽默的方法可知，幽默是有法可循的。故E選項(xiàng)“你可以做一些事情讓自己和別人發(fā)笑”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Fortunately,laughterisverycontagious.(幸運(yùn)的是，笑聲是可以傳染的)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)具體解釋笑聲是如何“傳染”的：當(dāng)別人在笑的時(shí)候，你很容易開始笑。故F選項(xiàng)“在社交環(huán)境中，當(dāng)別人在笑的時(shí)候，你很容易開始笑”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Learntolaughinboringorunfunnycircumstances.It’sgoodtoknowthatthelessfunnyaplaceis,theeasieritbecomestoaddtheelementofhumoroussurprise.(學(xué)會(huì)在無(wú)聊或不好笑的情況下笑。知道一個(gè)地方越不有趣，就越容易添加幽默的驚喜元素是件好事)”以及后文“ThisiswhyTheOffice,theoriginallyaBBC2showthatwasremadebyNBC,usesanofficeasitssetting:it’saboutasboringasitgets.We’renotusedtolookingatanofficeasafunnyplace,sowhenitisfunny,it’sespeciallyfunny.(這就是為什么BBC2臺(tái)的電視劇《辦公室》被NBC翻拍后，將辦公室作為故事背景：辦公室非常無(wú)聊。我們不習(xí)慣把辦公室看成一個(gè)有趣的地方，所以當(dāng)它很有趣的時(shí)候，它就會(huì)特別有趣)”可知，本句主要說(shuō)明了辦公室是一個(gè)不有趣的地方，但當(dāng)它很有趣的時(shí)候，它就會(huì)特別有趣。故G選項(xiàng)“在辦公室比在喜劇俱樂(lè)部更容易讓人發(fā)笑”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Beingfunnydoesn’tcomeina“one-size-fits-all”package.Whatmakesyoufunnyisuniquetoyouandthewayyouobservetheworld.Trustthatyoudohaveafunnybone.(幽默并不是“一刀切”的東西。你之所以有趣，是因?yàn)槟阌^察世界的方式獨(dú)一無(wú)二。相信你有一根有趣的骨頭)”可知，后文提到了要相信自己，故A選項(xiàng)“相信你內(nèi)心的幽默感”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Beingfunnydoesn’tcomeina“one-size-fits-all”package.Whatmakesyoufunnyisuniquetoyouandthewayyouobservetheworld.Trustthatyoudohaveafunnybone.(幽默并不是“一刀切”的東西。你之所以有趣，是因?yàn)槟阌^察世界的方式獨(dú)一無(wú)二。相信你有一根有趣的骨頭)”以及后文“Andallchildrenexpresshumornaturallyfromkindergartenage,usinghumortoentertainthemselvesandothers.It’salreadyinyou-youjustneedtobringitout!(所有的孩子從幼兒園開始就很自然地表達(dá)幽默，用幽默來(lái)娛樂(lè)自己和他人。它已經(jīng)在你體內(nèi)了，你只需要把它帶出來(lái)！)”可知，后文提到了孩子從幼兒園就能自然表達(dá)幽默，可知本句是在說(shuō)明更早的時(shí)候人們是如何表現(xiàn)出幽默和歡樂(lè)的。故B選項(xiàng)“作為嬰兒，我們從四個(gè)月大的時(shí)候就開始笑”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ItwasonefineSaturdaywintereveningwhenIgotoffthebustovisitmyfriend’splacewhichwasarounda15-minutewalkfromthebusstop.I____21____aguywhoalsogotoffandstartedwalking____22____thesamewayasmine,butkeepinga____23____fromme.Themanwastallandstrong.Theroadwas____24____deserted.Afteraboutafive-minutewalk,Istartedgettingan____25____aboutwhyonearththisguywastakingtheexact____26____asmine.“Isheathieforarobber?”Ikept____27____.Afewminuteslater,the____28____wasstillthesame.Hewaswalkingbehindme.Myheartbeatbecamefaster.Istarted____29____thehousesonbothsidesoftheroad.“Willanybodycometomy_____30_____ifIcryforhelp?”Ithought.Finally,itwas_____31_____.Therewasanemptyplayground_____32_____andifsomethinghappenedthere,nobodywouldbeableto_____33_____me.SoIdecidedtowalkuptothenearesthouseandringthe_____34_____.Aladyansweredthedoor.Atthattime,themanwasalsocomingtowardsthe_____35_____house.Itoldtheladythattheguyhadbeenfollowingmeforthepast10minutes.I_____36_____hertohelpme.Tomyastonishment,theladywas_____37_____andthatguywasalsosmiling.“Heismyson.Heliveshere,”theladysaid.Theguyalsosmiledandsaidhecould_____38_____thatIwasafraidduringthewholewalkbutcouldn’t_____39_____aconversation.Ilaughedin_____40_____andtheguykindlyaccompaniedmetillmyfriend'shouse.21.A.urged B.encountered C.accompanied D.caught22.A.pointing B.finding C.asking D.following23.A.distance B.secret C.pace D.step24.A.hardly B.initially C.purely D.mostly25.A.expectation B.anxiety C.enthusiasm D.wisdom26.A.traffic B.number C.way D.care27.A.interrupting B.wondering C.debating D.judging28.A.circumstance B.person C.place D.time29.A.breakinginto B.knockingon C.lookingat D.checkingin30.A.view B.mind C.power D.rescue31.A.convenient B.unbearable C.unbelievable D.fortunate32.A.ahead B.behind C.above D.below33.A.recognize B.witness C.help D.believe34.A.phone B.police C.agent D.bell35.A.opposite B.lonely C.same D.only36.A.demanded B.encouraged C.told D.asked37.A.excited B.amused C.confused D.embarrassed38.A.spot B.hear C.promise D.sense39.A.initiate B.interrupt C.interact D.enjoy40.A.relief B.disappointment C.surprise D.comfort【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C36.D37.B38.D39.A40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為記敘文，主要講述了某一天晚上，作者以為被壞人跟蹤，結(jié)果，是一場(chǎng)誤會(huì)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我遇到一個(gè)家伙，他也下車，開始跟我走同樣的路，但與我保持距離。A.urged強(qiáng)烈要求；B.encountered遇到；C.accompanied陪伴；D.caught抓住。結(jié)合前文“Igotoffthebus”和后文“aguywhoalsogotoff”可知，我和那個(gè)人都下車了，表示“遇到一個(gè)人”，故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我遇到一個(gè)家伙，他也下車，開始跟我走同樣的路，但與我保持距離。A.pointing指向；B.finding發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.asking要求；D.following跟隨。結(jié)合后文“Itoldtheladythattheguyhadbeenfollowingmeforthepast10minutes”可知，這個(gè)家伙一直跟在我后面，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我遇到一個(gè)家伙，他也下車，開始跟我走同樣的路，但與我保持距離。A.distance距離；B.secret秘密；C.pace速度；D.step腳步。結(jié)合后文“Hewaswalkingbehindme”可知，他一直和我保持距離，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這條路完全沒(méi)有人。A.hardly幾乎不；B.initially最初；C.purely完全地；D.mostly主要地。結(jié)合下文“Myheartbeatbecamefaster”可知，“我”越來(lái)越緊張，可以推斷出這條路上一個(gè)人也沒(méi)有，故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大約走了五分鐘后，我開始焦慮，到底為什么這家伙會(huì)走和我一模一樣的路。A.expectation期待；B.anxiety焦慮；C.enthusiasm熱情；D.wisdom聰明。結(jié)合下文“Isheathieforarobber?”可知，“我”猜測(cè)他是一個(gè)小偷或搶劫犯，我開始擔(dān)心，故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大約走了五分鐘后，我開始焦慮，到底為什么這家伙會(huì)走和我一模一樣的路。A.traffic交通；B.number數(shù)字；C.way道路；D.care照顧。結(jié)合上文“thesamewayasmine”可知，走的是同樣的一條路，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“他是小偷還是強(qiáng)盜？”我一直在想。A.interrupting打斷；B.wondering想知道；C.debating辯論；D.judging判斷。結(jié)合上文“Isheathieforarobber?”可知，“我”一直想知道這是什么人，故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾分鐘后，情況依然如此。A.circumstance情況；B.person人；C.place地方；D.time時(shí)間。結(jié)合上文“aguywhoalsogotoffandstartedwalking____2____thesamewayasmine,”和下文“Hewaswalkingbehindme.”可知，他始終跟在我身后，故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：我開始看路兩邊的房子。A.breakinginto闖入；B.knockingon敲門；C.lookingat看；D.checkingin入住。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可以推測(cè)，“我”看向路旁的房子，希望有人可以幫助我，故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我呼救，會(huì)有人來(lái)救我嗎？A.view視野；B.mind想法；C.power力量；D.rescue援救。結(jié)合下文“I____16____hertohelpme”可知，“我”希望有人來(lái)幫助“我”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，這是無(wú)法忍受的。A.convenient方便的；B.unbearable無(wú)法忍受的；C.unbelievable難以置信的；D.fortunate幸運(yùn)的。結(jié)合下文“herewasanemptyplayground”可知，前方很空曠，沒(méi)人會(huì)幫助“我”，這是無(wú)法承受的，故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：前面有一個(gè)空曠的操場(chǎng)，如果那里發(fā)生了什么事，沒(méi)有人能幫助我。A.ahead在前面；B.behind在后面；C.above在上面；D.below在下面。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，“我”一直在向前走路，故表示“在前面有一個(gè)操場(chǎng)”，故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：前面有一個(gè)空曠的操場(chǎng)，如果那里發(fā)生了什么事，沒(méi)有人能幫助我。A.recognize辨認(rèn)出；B.witness目擊；C.help幫助；D.believe相信。結(jié)合下文“I____16____hertohelpme”可知，此處表示“幫助我”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我決定走到最近的房子，按門鈴。A.phone電話；B.police警察；C.agent代理人；D.bell門鈴。結(jié)合下文“Aladyansweredthedoor.”可知，“我”按響門鈴，故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)，這名男子也正朝著同一棟房子走來(lái)。A.opposite對(duì)面的；B.lonely孤獨(dú)的；C.same相同的；D.only唯一的。結(jié)合下文“Heismyson.Heliveshere”可知，“我”和那個(gè)人走向了同一棟房子，故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我請(qǐng)求她幫助我。A.demanded要求；B.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；C.told告訴；D.asked請(qǐng)求。結(jié)合上文“Icryforhelp”可知，“我”請(qǐng)求別人幫助，故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，這位女士被逗樂(lè)了，而那位男士也在微笑。A.excited興奮的；B.amused被逗笑的；C.confused困惑的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。結(jié)合下文“andthatguywasalsosmiling”可知，女士被逗樂(lè)了，故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這名男子還笑著說(shuō)，他能感覺(jué)到我在整個(gè)行走過(guò)程中感到害怕，但無(wú)法發(fā)起對(duì)話。A.spot發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.hear聽(tīng)到；C.promise承諾；D.sense感覺(jué)。結(jié)合上文“Theguyalsosmiledandsaid”和“Iwasafraidduringthewholewalk”可知，這名男子感覺(jué)到“我”很害怕，故選D項(xiàng)。【39題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這名男子還笑著說(shuō)，他能感覺(jué)到我在整個(gè)行走過(guò)程中感到害怕，但無(wú)法發(fā)起對(duì)話。A.initiate發(fā)起；B.interrupt促打斷；C.interact互動(dòng)；D.enjoy享受。結(jié)合上文可知，“我”和這名男子全程沒(méi)有說(shuō)一句話，此處表示“發(fā)起對(duì)話”，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我松了一口氣笑了起來(lái)，那家伙親切地陪我到朋友家。A.relief安心；B.disappointment失望；C.surprise驚訝；D.comfort安慰。結(jié)合“l(fā)aughed”與下文“theguykindlyaccompaniedmetillmyfriend'shouse”可知，“我”松了一口氣，故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空