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FETINDUSTRIALWATEWATEROPERATORTRAININGMETALFINISHING/METALMOLDINGANDCASTINGSESSION1–OCTOBER4,2006RobertPeschel,P.E.(414)643-4150(Sigma)rpeschel@FETINDUSTRIALWATEWATEROPERA1SESSION1IntroductionofCourse/ParticipantsCourseOutlineText:TreatmentofMetalWastestreamsNeedforTreatment(Chapter1)RegulatoryOverviewOpportunitiesSourcesofWastewater(Chapter2)MaterialSafetyDataSheets[MSDS](Chapter3)EmployeeRight-To-Know(Chapter4)ArithmeticProblems(AppendixIII)MethodsofTreatment(Chapter5)BatchandContinuousProcesses(5.0)Neutralization(5.1)CommonMetalsRemoval(5.2)ComplexMetalsRemoval(5.3)ReductionHexChrome(5.4)CyanideDestruction(5.5)SESSION1IntroductionofCours2COURSEOUTLINEOCTOBER4 Introduction/Overview Robert

Peschel RegulatoryOverview BasicMath BasicsofTreatment HexavalentChromeReduction CyanideDestructionMetalsRemoval ExampleCalculations/ProblemsOCTOBER11OilyWasteRemoval ScottHartayControlofSolvents/ToxicOrganicsSludgeTreatment&Disposal

SamplingFlowMeasurements SteveGalewski LaboratorySupport ExampleCalculations/ProblemsOCTOBER18 Operation&Maintenance TBD Equipment&Instrumentation ExampleCalculations/Problems RecoveryTechnologies KennethKaszubowskiOCTOBER25 TourofPretreatmentSystem CourseReview RickFulkCOURSEOUTLINEOCTOBER43NEEDFORTREATMENTREGULATORYOVERVIEWCleanWaterActObjectiveandGoalsPoliciesStructureImportantSectionsNPDESPretreatmentStormwaterNEEDFORTREATMENTREGULATORYO4OBJECTIVEOFCWATorestoreandmaintainthechemical,physical,andbiologicalintegrityofthenation’swaters GOALSOFCWAAchievefishableandswimmablewaterby1983(interim)Eliminatethedischargeofpollutantsintonavigablewatersby1985OBJECTIVEOFCWATorestoreand5NATIONALPOLICIESOFCWAProhibitdischargeoftoxicsintoxicamountsProvidefederalassistancetoconstructPOTWsDevelopandimplementarea-widewastetreatmentmanagementplantsineachstate(208plans)ConductR&DnecessarytodevelopzerodischargetechnologyDevelopprogramstocontrolnon-pointsourcesofpollutionEncouragetheminimizationofpaperworkandinteragencydecisionsNATIONALPOLICIESOFCWAProhib6STRUCTUREOFACTTitle1ResearchandRelatedProgramsTitle2GrantsforPOTWConstructionTitle3StandardsandEnforcementTitle4PermitsandLicensesTitle5GeneralProvisionsTitle6StateRevolvingFundsSTRUCTUREOFACTTitle1Resea7TITLE1

RESEARCHANDRELATEDPROGRAMSObjective,goals,andpoliciesCoordinationbetweenstateandfederalagenciesDevelopresearchprojectsDevelopdemonstrationprojectsDevelopoperatortrainingprogramsDevelopspecificprograms(GLNPO)TITLE1

RESEARCHANDRELATEDP8TITLE2

CONSTRUCTIONGRANTSFederalgrantprogramAuthorizesfundingDefineseligibleprojectsSetsparticipationrequirementsEstablishesplanningprograms(208)EstablishesallotmentformulaTITLE2

CONSTRUCTIONGRANTSFed9TITLE3

STANDARDSANDENFORCEMENTStandardsandstandardsettingproceduresPollutants(priority)DeadlinesVariances&waiversWaterqualitycriteriaInventoriesofwaterqualityMonitoring&recordkeepingEnforcementprogramsSpillsofhazardoussubstancesTITLE3

STANDARDSANDENFORCEM10TITLE4

PERMITSANDLICENSESNPDESpermitsystemDischargercertification/publiccommentDelegationtostatesAnti-backslidingStormwaterdischargesOceandischargesDredge&filloperationsSludgedisposal/managementTITLE4

PERMITSANDLICENSESNP11TITLE5

GENERALPROVISISONSGrantsauthoritytoEPAtocarryoutlawProvideskeydefinitionsCreatesadvisoryboardsCitizenssuitprovisionEmployeeprotectionforreportingviolationsSupplyofgoods&servicestofederalgovernmentPeriodicneedssurveysAmericanIndiantribestreatedlikestatesStateauthorityforNPDES/PretreatmentProgramsTITLE5

GENERALPROVISISONSGra12EFFLUENTLIMITATIONSSourcecategorybasisIndustrialcategoriesTechnologybasedlimitsConventionalandtoxicpollutantsLocallimitsEFFLUENTLIMITATIONSSourcecat13EFFLUENTLIMITATIONSDirectdischarges–NPDESIndirectdischarges–toPOTWExistingsources(3years)Newsources(90days)BPT,BCT,BAT,BADCTConcentrationvs.massEFFLUENTLIMITATIONSDirectdis14STANDARDSBPT-BestPracticableControlTechnology.Currentlyavailable.Subjecttocost-benefitanalysis.(middlegroundbetweenBCTandBAT)BCT-

BestConventionalControlTechnologySubjecttocosteffectivenessstandard.Mustbemetwithinthreeyearsofeffectiveguidelinesor3/89.BAT-

BestAvailableTechnologyEconomicallyAchievable.Deemedachievableunlessplantclosurewouldresult.Mustbeinstalledwithinthreeyearsofguidelineor3/89.BADCT-fornewsources(NSPS).BestAvailableDemonstrableControlTechnologyNSPS-

NewSourcePerformanceStandardsPSNS-

PretreatmentStandardsforNewSourcesPSES-PretreatmentStandardsforExistingSourcesSTANDARDSBPT-BestPracticable15POLLUTANTSConventionalBOD,TSS,pHNon-conventionalAmmoniaToxicsPrioritypollutants(65)MetalsOrganicspesticidesPOLLUTANTSConventional16NPDESPERMITSRequiredforanydischargeof“Pollutant”fromany“PointSource”intoany“WatersoftheU.S.”KeytoenforcingCWAlimitsandstandardsDelegationtoStates(e.g.WPDES)AllowsforpublicinvolvementinpermittingprocessCanbemodifiedforreasonAnti-backslidingprovisionsNPDESPERMITSRequiredforany17PRETREATMENTREGULATIONSOBJECTIVESPreventpass-throughoftoxicstoreceivingwaterPreventinterferencewithPOTWoperationsPreventcontaminationofsludgesProtecthealthandsafetyofworkersPRETREATMENTREGULATIONSOBJEC18PRETREATMENTPROGRAMFRAMEWORKEPAhasprimeresponsibilityDelegationstostateswithapprovedprogramsPOTWs>5MGDmustestablishformalprogramandhavefirsttimeresponsibilityMMSDChapter11POTWs<MGDhavestateorEPAinvolvementPRETREATMENTPROGRAMFRAMEWORK19PRETREATMENTSTANDARDSGeneralprohibitivestandardsFireorexplosionhazardCorrosive,pH<5FlowobstructionSlugloadsHeatToxicgassesorvaporsCategoricalstandardsLocalPOTWlimitsCombinedwastestreamformula[409CFR403.6(e)]Moststringentstandardapplies!PRETREATMENTSTANDARDSGeneral20PRETREATMENTSTANDARDSGeneralprohibitivestandardsFireorexplosionhazardCorrosive,pH<5FlowobstructionSlugloadsHeatToxicgassesorvaporsCategoricalstandardsLocalPOTWlimitsCombinedwastestreamformula[409CFR403.6(e)]Moststringentstandardapplies!PRETREATMENTSTANDARDSGeneral21MAJORINDUSTRIALWASTEPROGRAM(IWP)COMPONENTSSeweruseordinancePermittingproceduresCompliancemonitoringEnforcementFundingmechanismBiennialreviewofeffluentlimitationsMAJORINDUSTRIALWASTEPROGRAM22STORMWATERREGULATIONSMostpointsourcesarenotundercontrolthroughNPDESpermitsWaterwayinheavilypopulatedareasarestillbeingdegradedMoststateshaveidentifiedstormwaterasleadingcauseofimpairmentVariousstudieshaveconfirmedproblemsIllicitConnectionstillexistIllegaldumpingstilloccursCongressionalmandatesSTORMWATERREGULATIONSMostpo23WHAT’SINAPERMITEffective/expirationdatesMonitoringandreportingrequirementLocationFrequencyParameterlimitsParametermonitoringNotificationReportingEnforcementSignatoryrequirementsWHAT’SINAPERMITEffective/ex24MMSDChapter11

ProhibitedDischargesExplosiveorfirehazard<140flashpointpH<5Heat>104FradioactiveStormwater,coolingwater,groundwater,unpollutedOilandGrease(O&G):300mg/lCadmium:1.5mg/lCopper:6.0mg/lLead:2.0mg/lNickel:4.0mg/lSilver:5.8mg/lZinc:8.0mg/lCyanide:5.0mg/lMMSDChapter11

ProhibitedDis25SOURCESOFWASTEWATERPartscleaningPartsrinsingProcessbathsFloorwashProcesssystemcleaning/washingVibratorycleanContactcoolingPerformancetestingLeakageAirPollutionControlBlowdownBackwashSOURCESOFWASTEWATERPartscle26SOURCESOFWASTEWATER40CFR433MetalFinishing“BigSix”ElectroplatingElectrolessplatingAnodizingCoating:chromating,phosphating,metalcoloring,passaviting.EtchingandchemicalmillingPrintedcircuitboardmanufacturingSOURCESOFWASTEWATER40CFR4327SOURCESOFWASTEWATER40CFR464:MetalMoldingandCastingSubcategoriesforaluminum,zinc,ferrousProcessesQuenchingCleaningManufacturingsystemleakageHeattreatingContactcoolingMassbaseddischargelimitsSOURCESOFWASTEWATER40CFR4628污水零排放技術(shù)FET-WWTO-AM課件29SOURCESOFWASTEWATERISSUESOFCONCERNSegregatingwastestreams,i.e.,cyanide,hexchromeBypasstreatmentBatchdumpEqualizationProductionscheduleSpecialconditionsSOURCESOFWASTEWATERISSUESOF30SOURCESOFWATERWATERMANAGEMENTTOOLS:ProcessschematicFlowsandloadsDumpscheduleQualitydriven/productionissuesPretreatmentatsourceMaintenanceImprovementsSOURCESOFWATERWATERMANAGEME31污水零排放技術(shù)FET-WWTO-AM課件32MaterialSafetyDataSheets(MSDS)ExplanationofformTable1intextSectionISectionII–HazardousIngredients/IdentifyInformationHazardouscomponentsTLVPELSectionIII–Physical/ChemicalCharacteristicsBoilingpointVaporpressureVapordensitySpecificgravityMeltingpointEvaporationrateSolubilityinwaterAppearanceandodorMaterialSafetyDataSheets(M33MSDSSectionV–ReactivityDataStability,incompatibility,hazardousdecomposition,hazardouspolymerizationSectionVI–HealthHazardDataRoutesofEntry,acuteandchronic,carcinogenicity,signsandsymptomsofexposure,medicalconditionsgenerallyaggravated,emergencyandfirstaidSectionVII–Precautionsforsafehandlingorstorage,otherSectionVIII–ControlMeasuresRespiratory,ventilation,protectivegloves,eyeprotection,otherPPE,work/hygienepracticesMSDSSectionV–ReactivityDat34MSDS

USEFULINFORMATIONKnowledgeandunderstandriskEmergenciesEnvironmentalreportingDiagnosingasituationMSDS

USEFULINFORMATIONKnowled35EMPLOYEERIGHT-TO-KNOWOSHAHazComStandard–29CFR1910.1200NeedNotificationTrainingAccesstorecordsExposureandmedicalrecordsLimitationsRefusaltoworkLiabilityNoticeEMPLOYEERIGHT-TO-KNOWOSHAHaz36ARITHMETICPROBELMSAppendixIIIStepsinproblemsolvingConversionfactorsVolumePercentremovalorefficiencyLoadingExampleproblemsARITHMETICPROBELMSAppendixII37STEPSINPROBLEMSOLVINGStep1

Whatdoestheproblemtellyou? A.Readtheproblemtwice,underliningthekeywordsanddataB.DrawapictureofthesituationC.LabelthepicturewiththegiveninformationStep2

Whatdoestheproblemask? A.Determinefromtheproblemandpicturetheunknownyouaretryingtofind. B.SelecttheformulawhichsolvesfortheunknownStep3

Determinethesolution(Worktheproblem) A.Writedownselectedformula B.Plugininformationfromproblemandpicture C.Checkunitsofconversions D.Computethesolution E.CheckyourresultsSTEPSINPROBLEMSOLVINGStep138CONVERSIONFACTORS:Arelationshipbywhichyoucanexpressaquantityindifferentunits.Length:1foot=12inchesArea(A):1sq.yd.=9sq.ft.Volume(V):1cu.ft.=7.48galWeight:1gal=8.34lbsofwaterVelocity:1ft/secFlow(Q):=AxVgpmormgdormlpersecond=1cu.ft/sec=7.48gal/sec=449gal/minMetric(liters,grams)vs.English(gallons,pounds)CONVERSIONFACTORS:Arelations39VOLUMEVolume=(AreaxDepth)or(AreaXHeight)RectangularSolidsVolume=LxWxHTank4’x2’x2’=16cuft.16cu.ft.x7.48gal/cu.ft.=120galCylindersVolume=AxHTank30ft.dia.,10fthighπxr2xH3.14x15x15x10=7065cu.ft.=52,846galVOLUMEVolume=(AreaxDepth)40PROBLEMWhatisthedetentiontimeinaclarifierthathasadiameterof40feet,adepthoffluidof12feet,andaflowrateof1.3MGD?PROBLEMWhatisthedetentiont41PERCENT(%)REMOVALOREFFICIENCYDefinition:Theportionofpollutantsremovedinaprocess(unit)expressedasapercentageofwhatgoesintotheprocess(unit). %Removal=(In–Out/In)X100 Removed=In–OutImportanceCalculationsoftreatmentunitofplantefficiencyused.PERCENT(%)REMOVALOREFFICIE42SAMPLEPROBLEM

Atankhasaninfluentsuspendedsolids(SS)concentrationof100mg/LandaneffluentSSconcentrationof60mg/L.Whatisthepercent(%)reductioninsuspendedsolidsinthetank?SAMPLEPROBLEMAtankhasani43SAMPLEPROBLEMBREAKDOWN%removal=In-Out/InX100%removal=100-60/100X100%removal=40%SAMPLEPROBLEMBREAKDOWN%remo44LOADING:Definition

Loadingistheamountofpollutantthatatreatmentunitorplantreceives.Itisnormallyexpressedaspoundsperday(lb/day).Load(lb/day)=Concentration(mg/LorPPM)xFlow(MGD)x8.34Theloadingformulaistheonlyformulathatthetermsmultipliedtogetherdon’tcancel.Butaslongastheconcentrationismg/LismultipliedbytheflowinMDGandisthenmultipliedby8.34,theanswerwillbelbs/day.Mg/LismilligramsperliterPPMispartspermillionMGDismilliongallonsperdayImportanceLoadingisabasicdesignconsiderationforatreatmentsystem.Itdeterminesthebasicsizeandtypeoftreatment.Computationofamount(pounds)ofchlorineneededperdayoramount(cubicfeet)ofairneededinanaerationtank.Assessmentofpaymentonusercharges.

LOADING:Definition45SAMPLEPROBLEM

Atreatmentplantreceivesarawwastewaterflowof100,000gallonsperdaywithanaverageinfluentZincconcentrationof300milligramsperliter(mg/L).WhatistheZincloadinguponthefacility?Loadinginpoundsperday?Given:concentration=300mg/l,flow=0.1mgdLoading=concentrationxMGDx8.34Loading=300mg/lx0.1MGDx8.34=250lbs/daySAMPLEPROBLEMAtreatmentpla46SAMPLEPROBLEMAnoperatoruses1300poundsofAlumperdayinawastewaterflowof12MGD.WhatistheAlumconcentrationinmg/liter?Given: poundsofAlumused=1300lbsperday wastewaterflow=12mgd(milliongallonsperday)Find: Alumconcentrationinmg/l(milligramsperliter)SAMPLEPROBLEMAnoperatoruses47SolutionUsethe“pounds”formula: pounds/day=QxCx8.34whereQ=wastewaterflowinunitsmgd C=concentrationinunitsmg/l 8.34=conversionfactor8.34lbs/gallonin dilutesteamsystems,wherethespecific gravityiscloseto1.0Substitutein: 1300lbs/day=12mgdxC(mg/L)x8.34RearrangetosolveforC: 1300lbs/day----------------------=C(mg/L)=13mg/Lalum (12mgd)(8.34)SolutionUsethe“pounds”formu48演講完畢，謝謝觀看！演講完畢，謝謝觀看！49FETINDUSTRIALWATEWATEROPERATORTRAININGMETALFINISHING/METALMOLDINGANDCASTINGSESSION1–OCTOBER4,2006RobertPeschel,P.E.(414)643-4150(Sigma)rpeschel@FETINDUSTRIALWATEWATEROPERA50SESSION1IntroductionofCourse/ParticipantsCourseOutlineText:TreatmentofMetalWastestreamsNeedforTreatment(Chapter1)RegulatoryOverviewOpportunitiesSourcesofWastewater(Chapter2)MaterialSafetyDataSheets[MSDS](Chapter3)EmployeeRight-To-Know(Chapter4)ArithmeticProblems(AppendixIII)MethodsofTreatment(Chapter5)BatchandContinuousProcesses(5.0)Neutralization(5.1)CommonMetalsRemoval(5.2)ComplexMetalsRemoval(5.3)ReductionHexChrome(5.4)CyanideDestruction(5.5)SESSION1IntroductionofCours51COURSEOUTLINEOCTOBER4 Introduction/Overview Robert

Peschel RegulatoryOverview BasicMath BasicsofTreatment HexavalentChromeReduction CyanideDestructionMetalsRemoval ExampleCalculations/ProblemsOCTOBER11OilyWasteRemoval ScottHartayControlofSolvents/ToxicOrganicsSludgeTreatment&Disposal

SamplingFlowMeasurements SteveGalewski LaboratorySupport ExampleCalculations/ProblemsOCTOBER18 Operation&Maintenance TBD Equipment&Instrumentation ExampleCalculations/Problems RecoveryTechnologies KennethKaszubowskiOCTOBER25 TourofPretreatmentSystem CourseReview RickFulkCOURSEOUTLINEOCTOBER452NEEDFORTREATMENTREGULATORYOVERVIEWCleanWaterActObjectiveandGoalsPoliciesStructureImportantSectionsNPDESPretreatmentStormwaterNEEDFORTREATMENTREGULATORYO53OBJECTIVEOFCWATorestoreandmaintainthechemical,physical,andbiologicalintegrityofthenation’swaters GOALSOFCWAAchievefishableandswimmablewaterby1983(interim)Eliminatethedischargeofpollutantsintonavigablewatersby1985OBJECTIVEOFCWATorestoreand54NATIONALPOLICIESOFCWAProhibitdischargeoftoxicsintoxicamountsProvidefederalassistancetoconstructPOTWsDevelopandimplementarea-widewastetreatmentmanagementplantsineachstate(208plans)ConductR&DnecessarytodevelopzerodischargetechnologyDevelopprogramstocontrolnon-pointsourcesofpollutionEncouragetheminimizationofpaperworkandinteragencydecisionsNATIONALPOLICIESOFCWAProhib55STRUCTUREOFACTTitle1ResearchandRelatedProgramsTitle2GrantsforPOTWConstructionTitle3StandardsandEnforcementTitle4PermitsandLicensesTitle5GeneralProvisionsTitle6StateRevolvingFundsSTRUCTUREOFACTTitle1Resea56TITLE1

RESEARCHANDRELATEDPROGRAMSObjective,goals,andpoliciesCoordinationbetweenstateandfederalagenciesDevelopresearchprojectsDevelopdemonstrationprojectsDevelopoperatortrainingprogramsDevelopspecificprograms(GLNPO)TITLE1

RESEARCHANDRELATEDP57TITLE2

CONSTRUCTIONGRANTSFederalgrantprogramAuthorizesfundingDefineseligibleprojectsSetsparticipationrequirementsEstablishesplanningprograms(208)EstablishesallotmentformulaTITLE2

CONSTRUCTIONGRANTSFed58TITLE3

STANDARDSANDENFORCEMENTStandardsandstandardsettingproceduresPollutants(priority)DeadlinesVariances&waiversWaterqualitycriteriaInventoriesofwaterqualityMonitoring&recordkeepingEnforcementprogramsSpillsofhazardoussubstancesTITLE3

STANDARDSANDENFORCEM59TITLE4

PERMITSANDLICENSESNPDESpermitsystemDischargercertification/publiccommentDelegationtostatesAnti-backslidingStormwaterdischargesOceandischargesDredge&filloperationsSludgedisposal/managementTITLE4

PERMITSANDLICENSESNP60TITLE5

GENERALPROVISISONSGrantsauthoritytoEPAtocarryoutlawProvideskeydefinitionsCreatesadvisoryboardsCitizenssuitprovisionEmployeeprotectionforreportingviolationsSupplyofgoods&servicestofederalgovernmentPeriodicneedssurveysAmericanIndiantribestreatedlikestatesStateauthorityforNPDES/PretreatmentProgramsTITLE5

GENERALPROVISISONSGra61EFFLUENTLIMITATIONSSourcecategorybasisIndustrialcategoriesTechnologybasedlimitsConventionalandtoxicpollutantsLocallimitsEFFLUENTLIMITATIONSSourcecat62EFFLUENTLIMITATIONSDirectdischarges–NPDESIndirectdischarges–toPOTWExistingsources(3years)Newsources(90days)BPT,BCT,BAT,BADCTConcentrationvs.massEFFLUENTLIMITATIONSDirectdis63STANDARDSBPT-BestPracticableControlTechnology.Currentlyavailable.Subjecttocost-benefitanalysis.(middlegroundbetweenBCTandBAT)BCT-

BestConventionalControlTechnologySubjecttocosteffectivenessstandard.Mustbemetwithinthreeyearsofeffectiveguidelinesor3/89.BAT-

BestAvailableTechnologyEconomicallyAchievable.Deemedachievableunlessplantclosurewouldresult.Mustbeinstalledwithinthreeyearsofguidelineor3/89.BADCT-fornewsources(NSPS).BestAvailableDemonstrableControlTechnologyNSPS-

NewSourcePerformanceStandardsPSNS-

PretreatmentStandardsforNewSourcesPSES-PretreatmentStandardsforExistingSourcesSTANDARDSBPT-BestPracticable64POLLUTANTSConventionalBOD,TSS,pHNon-conventionalAmmoniaToxicsPrioritypollutants(65)MetalsOrganicspesticidesPOLLUTANTSConventional65NPDESPERMITSRequiredforanydischargeof“Pollutant”fromany“PointSource”intoany“WatersoftheU.S.”KeytoenforcingCWAlimitsandstandardsDelegationtoStates(e.g.WPDES)AllowsforpublicinvolvementinpermittingprocessCanbemodifiedforreasonAnti-backslidingprovisionsNPDESPERMITSRequiredforany66PRETREATMENTREGULATIONSOBJECTIVESPreventpass-throughoftoxicstoreceivingwaterPreventinterferencewithPOTWoperationsPreventcontaminationofsludgesProtecthealthandsafetyofworkersPRETREATMENTREGULATIONSOBJEC67PRETREATMENTPROGRAMFRAMEWORKEPAhasprimeresponsibilityDelegationstostateswithapprovedprogramsPOTWs>5MGDmustestablishformalprogramandhavefirsttimeresponsibilityMMSDChapter11POTWs<MGDhavestateorEPAinvolvementPRETREATMENTPROGRAMFRAMEWORK68PRETREATMENTSTANDARDSGeneralprohibitivestandardsFireorexplosionhazardCorrosive,pH<5FlowobstructionSlugloadsHeatToxicgassesorvaporsCategoricalstandardsLocalPOTWlimitsCombinedwastestreamformula[409CFR403.6(e)]Moststringentstandardapplies!PRETREATMENTSTANDARDSGeneral69PRETREATMENTSTANDARDSGeneralprohibitivestandardsFireorexplosionhazardCorrosive,pH<5FlowobstructionSlugloadsHeatToxicgassesorvaporsCategoricalstandardsLocalPOTWlimitsCombinedwastestreamformula[409CFR403.6(e)]Moststringentstandardapplies!PRETREATMENTSTANDARDSGeneral70MAJORINDUSTRIALWASTEPROGRAM(IWP)COMPONENTSSeweruseordinancePermittingproceduresCompliancemonitoringEnforcementFundingmechanismBiennialreviewofeffluentlimitationsMAJORINDUSTRIALWASTEPROGRAM71STORMWATERREGULATIONSMostpointsourcesarenotundercontrolthroughNPDESpermitsWaterwayinheavilypopulatedareasarestillbeingdegradedMoststateshaveidentifiedstormwaterasleadingcauseofimpairmentVariousstudieshaveconfirmedproblemsIllicitConnectionstillexistIllegaldumpingstilloccursCongressionalmandatesSTORMWATERREGULATIONSMostpo72WHAT’SINAPERMITEffective/expirationdatesMonitoringandreportingrequirementLocationFrequencyParameterlimitsParametermonitoringNotificationReportingEnforcementSignatoryrequirementsWHAT’SINAPERMITEffective/ex73MMSDChapter11

ProhibitedDischargesExplosiveorfirehazard<140flashpointpH<5Heat>104FradioactiveStormwater,coolingwater,groundwater,unpollutedOilandGrease(O&G):300mg/lCadmium:1.5mg/lCopper:6.0mg/lLead:2.0mg/lNickel:4.0mg/lSilver:5.8mg/lZinc:8.0mg/lCyanide:5.0mg/lMMSDChapter11

ProhibitedDis74SOURCESOFWASTEWATERPartscleaningPartsrinsingProcessbathsFloorwashProcesssystemcleaning/washingVibratorycleanContactcoolingPerformancetestingLeakageAirPollutionControlBlowdownBackwashSOURCESOFWASTEWATERPartscle75SOURCESOFWASTEWATER40CFR433MetalFinishing“BigSix”ElectroplatingElectrolessplatingAnodizingCoating:chromating,phosphating,metalcoloring,passaviting.EtchingandchemicalmillingPrintedcircuitboardmanufacturingSOURCESOFWASTEWATER40CFR4376SOURCESOFWASTEWATER40CFR464:MetalMoldingandCastingSubcategoriesforaluminum,zinc,ferrousProcessesQuenchingCleaningManufacturingsystemleakageHeattreatingContactcoolingMassbaseddischargelimitsSOURCESOFWASTEWATER40CFR4677污水零排放技術(shù)FET-WWTO-AM課件78SOURCESOFWASTEWATERISSUESOFCONCERNSegregatingwastestreams,i.e.,cyanide,hexchromeBypasstreatmentBatchdumpEqualizationProductionscheduleSpecialconditionsSOURCESOFWASTEWATERISSUESOF79SOURCESOFWATERWATERMANAGEMENTTOOLS:ProcessschematicFlowsandloadsDumpscheduleQualitydriven/productionissuesPretreatmentatsourceMaintenanceImprovementsSOURCESOFWATERWATERMANAGEME80污水零排放技術(shù)FET-WWTO-AM課件81MaterialSafetyDataSheets(MSDS)ExplanationofformTable1intextSectionISectionII–HazardousIngredients/IdentifyInformationHazardouscomponentsTLVPELSectionIII–Physical/ChemicalCharacteristicsBoilingpointVaporpressureVapordensitySpecificgravityMeltingpointEvaporationrateSolubilityinwaterAppearanceandodorMaterialSafetyDataSheets(M82MSDSSectionV–ReactivityDataStability,incompatibility,hazardousdecomposition,hazardouspolymerizationSectionVI–HealthHazardDataRoutesofEntry,acuteandchronic,carcinogenicity,signsandsymptomsofexposure,medicalconditionsgenerallyaggravated,emergencyandfirstaidSectionVII–Precautionsforsafehandlingorstorage,otherSectionVIII–ControlMeasuresRespiratory,ventilation,protectivegloves,eyeprotection,otherPPE,work/hygienepracticesMSDSSectionV–ReactivityDat83MSDS

USEFULINFORMATIONKnowledgeandunderstandriskEmergenciesEnvironmentalreportingDiagnosingasituationMSDS

USEFULINFORMATIONKnowled84EMPLOYEERIGHT-TO-KNOWOSHAHazComStandard–29CFR1910.1200NeedNotificationTrainingAccesstorecordsExposureandmedicalrecordsLimitationsRefusaltoworkLiabilityNoticeEMPLOYEERIGHT-TO-KNOWOSHAHaz85ARITHMETICPROBELMSAppendixIIIStepsinproblemsolvingConversionfactorsVolumePercentremovalorefficiencyLoadingExampleproblemsARITHMETICPROBELMSAppendixII86STEPSINPROBLEMSOLVINGStep1

Whatdoestheproblemtellyou? A.Readtheproblemtwice,underliningthekeywordsanddataB.DrawapictureofthesituationC.LabelthepicturewiththegiveninformationStep2

Whatdoestheproblemask? A.Determinefromtheproblemandpicturetheunknownyouaretryingtofind. B.SelecttheformulawhichsolvesfortheunknownStep3

Determinethesolution(Worktheproblem) A.Writedownselectedformula B.Plugininformationfromproblemandpicture C.Checkunitsofconversions D.Computethesolution E.CheckyourresultsSTEPSINPROBLEMSOLVINGStep187CONVERSIONFACTORS:Arelationshipbywhichyoucanexpressaquantityindifferentunits.Length:1foot=12inchesArea(A):1sq.yd.=9sq.ft.Volume(V):1cu.ft.=7.48galWeight:1gal=8.34lbsofwaterVelocity:1ft/secFlow(Q):=AxVgpmormgdormlpersecond=1cu.ft/sec=7.48gal/sec=449gal/minMetric(liters,grams)vs.English(gallons,pounds)CONVERSIONFACTORS:Arelations88VOLUMEVolume=(AreaxDepth)or(AreaXHeight)RectangularSolidsVolume=LxWxHTank4’x2’x2’=16cuft.16cu.ft.x7.48gal/cu.ft.=120galCylindersVolume=AxHTank30ft.dia.,10fthighπxr2xH3.14x15x15x10=7065

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