空氣炮系統(tǒng)說明書

CMP-ⅢCMP-Ⅲ-150型空氣炮CMP-Ⅲ-100型空氣炮安裝使用、維修和保養(yǎng)說明書印度尼西亞拉布灣2×300MW燃煤電廠專用四川戰(zhàn)旗機(jī)械制造有限公司2008年1月一、應(yīng)用范圍空氣炮清堵器是防止和消除各種類型料倉、料斗、管道分叉處的物料起拱、堵塞、粘壁、滯留等現(xiàn)象的專用裝置，適用于各種鋼制、混凝土以及其它材料制成的筒式料倉、料斗、管道和平底堆料。廣泛應(yīng)用于火力發(fā)電廠、鍋爐、煤礦及井下煤倉、洗煤廠、水泥廠、混凝土加工廠、鑄造廠、化肥廠、焦化廠、煤氣廠、化工廠、鋁廠、堿廠、鋼鐵廠、礦山、碼頭、食品、糧食、飼料加工廠、鍋爐、制藥廠等重要貯運(yùn)散裝物料的場合。二、特點(diǎn) 1、高效：設(shè)置在容易起拱、積料的部位，直接作用于物料，清堵效果好。2、安全：空氣炮清堵器按照國家規(guī)定的壓力容器規(guī)范進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)制造，由于壓縮空氣是在壓力容器中瞬時噴出，而且每次使用的空氣量有限，因此不會對倉壁和管道等構(gòu)筑物產(chǎn)生共振和沖擊。對于防爆環(huán)境采用防爆電磁閥或氣動閥，對周圍介質(zhì)不會產(chǎn)生爆炸危險(xiǎn)。3、能量大：空氣炮清堵器利用儲存在貯氣包中的氣體以突然爆發(fā)所產(chǎn)生的氣流沖擊力，能成功的防止和排除各種物料起拱和堵塞現(xiàn)象。4、能耗低：由于空氣炮清堵器是間歇工作，而且每次釋放的壓縮空氣量不大，因而降低了空氣能源的消耗。5、噪音低：釋放壓縮空氣的聲音幾乎全部被倉中的物料所吸收，又是間歇工作，因此噪音低、無公害。6、產(chǎn)品種類齊全：提供KL-A、KL-B、KT、KH等不同的結(jié)構(gòu)形式和不同的控制方式，可以針對不同結(jié)構(gòu)的倉貯設(shè)備、安裝空間和環(huán)境靈活選擇。7、結(jié)構(gòu)簡潔合理，安裝、拆卸方便，便于維修保養(yǎng)。三、工作原理空氣炮清堵器是以突然噴出的壓縮空氣所產(chǎn)生的強(qiáng)大氣流，直接沖入貯存散裝物料的阻塞滯留區(qū)域，由氣體急劇膨脹所產(chǎn)生的能量克服物料因靜摩擦而形成的起拱或粘壁，使倉內(nèi)物料恢復(fù)重力流動或使管道繼續(xù)起到輸送物料的作用，保證生產(chǎn)的連續(xù)性?？諝馀谇宥缕鞯墓ぷ髟砣鐖D一所示：圖一工作原理圖1、在供氣管線上打開供氣閥門，壓縮空氣經(jīng)由二位三通閥S進(jìn)入氣缸A（圖a）；2、氣缸A中的壓縮空氣迫使活塞P移向噴吹管C，封閉貯氣包D，同時打開節(jié)流孔，使壓縮空氣通過氣缸A，經(jīng)節(jié)流孔充滿貯氣包D，此時空氣炮清堵器處于待發(fā)狀態(tài)（圖b）；3、放炮時，啟動二位三通閥操作按扭，電磁閥換向，氣缸A中余氣經(jīng)二位三通閥的排氣孔排出，A、D間的壓力失去平衡，活塞P在貯氣包D內(nèi)壓縮空氣的壓力作用下迅速回移，同時貯氣包D內(nèi)的壓縮空氣在瞬間通過噴吹管C噴射出去（圖c），形成強(qiáng)大的沖擊氣流沖擊物料，空氣炮完成一個工作循環(huán)。4、放炮后，二位三通閥復(fù)位，重復(fù)“1”5、放炮后，空氣炮不需要進(jìn)行第二次循環(huán)時，關(guān)閉供氣閥門，二位三通閥復(fù)位，使空氣炮進(jìn)入待充氣狀態(tài)。四、規(guī)格型號（見圖二、圖三）KL型：氣缸內(nèi)置于氣包內(nèi)，分為A型和B型兩種型式。A型為排氣管沿氣包軸向方向穿過氣包；B型為排氣管沿氣包徑向方向穿過氣包，與A型相比軸向距離較短，安裝空間可以小些。KT型：氣缸置于氣包軸向一端，進(jìn)氣管、氣缸和排氣管獨(dú)立聯(lián)結(jié)為一體。KH型：一個氣包配置兩個排氣口，可以增大單臺空氣炮的寬度方向清堵范圍，在特殊的應(yīng)用環(huán)境下，一臺KH型空氣炮可以取代2臺KL或KT型空氣炮，提高清堵效果，減少空氣炮的配置數(shù)量。型號容量LAmmBmmCmmФDmmEmmFmm噴管通徑mm吊環(huán)孔進(jìn)氣孔工作壓力MPa沖擊力N爆炸能量kgfm重量KL-15A15416375315308160865016G1/2″0.4~0.8980~2940194031KL-30A30622375516308160865016G1/2″0.4~0.81176~3720408038KL-50A50731430625358200885016G1/2″0.4~0.81370~4120680045KL-50B50500430585358200865016G1/2″0.4~0.81370~4120680043KL-75A7591548672241228017010016G1/2″0.4~0.82500~65001020095KL-75B7563348668241228017010016G1/2″0.4~0.82500~65001020095KL-100A100111548692241248017010020G1/2″0.4~0.83000~800013600117KL-100B10063348688241248017010020G1/2″0.4~0.83000~800013600115KL-150B15073258089051246016510020G1/2″1″0.4~0.84500/1000020400125KL-300B300852680118561268518012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.85500/1250040800200KL-500B500952790142071287018012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.86500/1500068000230型號容量LAmmBmmCmmФDmmEmmFmm噴管通徑mm吊環(huán)孔進(jìn)氣孔工作壓力MPa沖擊力N爆炸能量kgfm重量KT-50508274306083582001385016G1/2″0.4~0.81370~4120680047KH-505010684306283582001385016G1/2″0.4~0.81370~4120680062KT-757596648670241228016610016G1/2″0.4~0.82500~650010200106KH-7575126648672241228016610016G1/2″0.4~0.82500~650010200135KT-100100125648690241248016610020G1/2″0.4~0.83000~800013600118KH-100100155348692241248016610020G1/2″0.4~0.83000~800013600164KT-150150117458090051244016610020G1/2″0.4~0.84500/1000020400138KH-150150146858092051244016610020G1/2″0.4~0.84500/1000020400187KT-3003001500680118561268519012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.85500/1250040800189KH-3003001818680118561268519012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.85500/1250040800240KT-5005001745790142071287019012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.86500/1500068000227KH-5005002070790142071287019012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.86500/1500068000298注：上述尺寸僅供參考，隨著技術(shù)發(fā)展，如有變更恕不另行通知。五、控制方式空氣炮的控制方式，可分為電控、氣控、手控三種形式。電控可分為手動和自動控制；氣控一般在具有爆炸性危險(xiǎn)的環(huán)境中使用；手控用于現(xiàn)場近距離操作。具體控制方法可采用單控單放、單控雙放、組控組放等形式，電控箱可根據(jù)用戶的要求訂做。空氣炮的手控方式利用換向閥上的手把完成，電、氣控制是靠操縱按鈕來完成，自動控制系統(tǒng)靠空氣炮自動控制儀執(zhí)行。圖圖四控制原理圖六、空氣炮選型和布置原則1、常見的幾種堵塞形式（見圖五）在各種料倉內(nèi)，貯料由于潮濕、擠壓等原因，可以形成不同類型的堵塞現(xiàn)象，一般常見的有：a、拱形b、橋形c、漏斗形。在管道阻塞現(xiàn)象中一般有：d、存積阻塞e、局部阻塞等。圖五常見的堵塞形式2、一般選型原則（見圖六、圖七）KL型、KT型、KH型的選擇，根據(jù)應(yīng)用對象的安裝空間和安裝方便性而定，對空氣炮的清堵效果沒有影響。容積15L、30L、50L、75L的空氣炮主要用于貯料比重較小、流動性較好、貯料倉容積及截面積較小的場合，如：糧倉、飼料、化工原料、木屑、塑料倉、小型水泥倉、旋風(fēng)分離器出料倉、袋式除塵器出料倉、靜電除塵器出料倉及輸料管路上。容積100L、150L的空氣炮，主要用于貯存一般物料的中小型料倉。如：化肥、水泥、鑄造用沙、小型裝車閘門、小型矸石倉等物料的貯料倉容量不很大的料倉上。容積300、500L的空氣炮，主要用于貯料比重較大，貯料倉容量及截面積較大，流動性差及易板結(jié)壓實(shí)的貯料倉上。如：各種裝車煤倉，容量較大的原煤倉、緩沖倉，小型的石子、礦石等料倉和其它特殊用途的場合。在熱態(tài)工況上應(yīng)用時應(yīng)選用耐熱型空氣炮。D=內(nèi)徑或當(dāng)量圓的直徑，以60°D=內(nèi)徑或當(dāng)量圓的直徑，以60°圓錐角料倉為基準(zhǔn)d——物料的平均粒度塊狀物料可按d=30mm選取選取數(shù)量除料倉直徑外，還要根據(jù)物料特性、水份、粘度、料倉容量、料倉角度等進(jìn)行增減當(dāng)D＞8000mm時，直筒部分可按圓周每隔5000mm裝一臺300L空氣炮的辦法確定一周的安裝數(shù)量（圖b）在料倉高度方面每隔L=2000mm，K=400mm，應(yīng)增裝一層空氣炮（圖七），同層圓錐部分的空氣炮，希望有一定的高度差h＜900mm，H≈1200mm料倉下部是多錐出料口時，每個錐體部分均應(yīng)裝設(shè)空氣炮F為無堵塞區(qū)，不需要安裝空氣炮圖六設(shè)計(jì)選型表圖七一般布炮形式七、安裝1、在料倉易被阻塞的適當(dāng)部位，在料倉設(shè)計(jì)時預(yù)留孔或現(xiàn)場切割一個孔把空氣炮噴射管焊接（或用混凝土固定）在倉壁上，然后與空氣炮排氣管焊接或用法蘭連接，氣包用螺扣或鋼條吊于倉壁或其它構(gòu)筑物上（見圖八a、c），也可在檢修平臺或倉壁上焊接支架固定（見圖八b、d），以加強(qiáng)氣包的穩(wěn)固性。2、空氣炮安裝時噴射管（倉內(nèi)部分）應(yīng)朝下布置，與水平線夾角不得小于15°，空氣炮噴射管與排氣口連接不得設(shè)置彎頭、彎管，應(yīng)直線連接，噴射管應(yīng)盡量短一些，最長不得超過1.2米。氣動控制時，氣包與氣動控制閥之間的距離不得超過15米。3、二位三通電磁閥應(yīng)安裝在緊靠氣缸進(jìn)口的進(jìn)氣管上，二位三通電磁閥與氣缸的連接管道長度不得超過30毫米，不得設(shè)置彎頭、彎管，以免放炮時影響活塞回復(fù)時間，從而影響爆炸能量。4、氣源各個接頭部位及管路不得漏氣，使用的壓縮空氣必須經(jīng)過過濾，清潔、干燥、保持壓力穩(wěn)定。最大工作壓力為0.8MPa，工作壓力越高，爆炸能量越大，形成的沖擊力越大。壓縮空氣單獨(dú)供氣時，空氣壓力較高、壓力穩(wěn)定、壓力損失較小，空氣炮的清堵效果好。壓縮空氣集中供氣時應(yīng)考慮加裝壓力表，觀察氣壓情況，以免管路損失過大，影響空氣炮工作或降低工作效果。空氣炮的最低工作壓力不得小于0.4MPa。5、空氣炮氣包排水塞應(yīng)朝下，便于排水。如氣包離地面或操作平臺過高不便于操作，且氣源水份過大，可在排水口接一段引出管至便于操作處加裝一閥門，確保定期排水。加裝引出管必須保證密封，不得有泄漏。6、單向閥、球閥應(yīng)安裝在便于操作的位置。7、空氣炮未穩(wěn)固在料倉上之前，切勿隨意放炮。8、工作環(huán)境溫度為-10~50℃，在熱態(tài)設(shè)備上安裝空氣炮時，氣包與熱態(tài)設(shè)備應(yīng)保持一定距離，其環(huán)境溫度應(yīng)低于50℃；當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度低于-109、二位三通電磁閥額定電壓為24伏或交流電壓為220伏。10、一般采用電動閥控制，將二位三通電磁閥接通電源，按扭控制即可。用戶根據(jù)需要，可以采取現(xiàn)場控制或控制室控制、單臺或多臺控制、定時控制等。圖八安裝示意圖圖（a）、KL-A型空氣炮裝配圖圖（b）、KL-B型空氣炮裝配圖圖九空氣炮裝配圖八、操作規(guī)程為了有效的使用空氣炮清堵器，延長空氣炮的使用壽命，避免因使用不當(dāng)而造成的各種隱患，空氣炮在使用中應(yīng)注意正確操作。1、使用前準(zhǔn)備：1.1空氣炮全部安裝完畢后，認(rèn)真檢查管線有無漏氣，檢查合格后先用壓縮空氣對管路進(jìn)行沖管，將安裝時遺留的金屬屑、雜物沖洗干凈，方可進(jìn)行放空炮試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)時可先用較低的壓力試放，無問題再逐步升至最高工作壓力，安全合格后方可正式投入使用。1.2檢查電源線路，各部分連接有無松動、斷路，供電電壓是否符合要求。1.3使用時應(yīng)先打開氣源供氣閥，沖氣3~5分鐘，使空氣炮處于待發(fā)狀態(tài)。2、操作及控制：檢查氣路、電源完全符合要求后，即可正常運(yùn)行，其操作程序如下：2.1氣動閥控制：利用氣動閥手動開關(guān)單個控制或成組控制。操作時先打開手動球閥，氣體便自動進(jìn)入氣包，需要放炮時，操作人員用手拉一下手動開關(guān)，給換向閥一個脈沖信號，空氣炮即可通過噴氣口噴出強(qiáng)大的沖擊氣流，達(dá)到破拱清堵的目的。沖擊能量釋放后空氣炮自動恢復(fù)到充氣狀態(tài)，隨后可進(jìn)行第二個工作循環(huán)。（注意：手動開關(guān)拉一下后應(yīng)立即恢復(fù)到原位，否則不能恢復(fù)到下一個自動充氣狀態(tài)）2.2電動閥控制：采用24V或220V電源，靠操縱按鈕開關(guān)來完成，二位三通電磁閥采用常通式。需要清堵時操縱按鈕開關(guān)，空氣炮便即時工作。電控可分為單臺單控、二臺聯(lián)控、多臺組控、定時自動控制等方式。一個安全自動化的電動控制系統(tǒng)，是為了操縱多臺空氣炮，實(shí)現(xiàn)無人操作，用一個固定的定時信號發(fā)生裝置去控制每臺空氣炮，自動地按預(yù)定間隔時間放炮。2.3手動控制：一般用于現(xiàn)場近距離的單臺單控，空氣炮的手動控制是通過換向閥上的手把轉(zhuǎn)向開關(guān)來完成的?？諝馀卺尫诺牟倏v程序應(yīng)為先放下層炮，后放上層炮，以利排料。但在放上層炮時，必須在下層無料的情況下進(jìn)行，避免把下層料夯實(shí)而影響使用效果。若在同一層安裝若干個空氣炮時，不得全部同時放炮，應(yīng)間隔或?qū)欠较蛲瑫r放炮。切忌亂開亂放影響正常工作。九、維修、保養(yǎng)注意事項(xiàng)空氣炮在使用過程中如發(fā)現(xiàn)不能正常工作或不工作時，應(yīng)及時進(jìn)行維修。維修前應(yīng)首先關(guān)閉氣源，停止供氣，打開二位三通閥手動按鈕，釋放盡氣包內(nèi)氣體，然后方可進(jìn)行維修。1、空氣炮安裝后，長期不投入運(yùn)行，當(dāng)需要使用時，應(yīng)對空氣炮的氣缸、活塞清洗保養(yǎng)一次。如料倉堵塞現(xiàn)象較少，空氣炮應(yīng)定期放空炮使用，每周1~2次。2、正常操作中如發(fā)現(xiàn)空氣炮出力下降，應(yīng)首先檢查管路壓力是否正常，再檢查空氣炮氣缸、活塞有無漏氣。如發(fā)現(xiàn)空氣炮漏氣，需清理或更換“O”型密封圈或活塞。此項(xiàng)工作應(yīng)注意：無論清理還是更換配件，只要活塞從炮筒中取出，都應(yīng)更換新的“O”型密封圈。安裝前活塞和密封圈都應(yīng)加潤滑油，安裝必須小心，不得擦傷密封圈或劃上刻痕。3、如空氣內(nèi)含水量較大，應(yīng)經(jīng)常及時排出氣包內(nèi)的積水。4、空氣炮應(yīng)根據(jù)使用情況制訂定期檢查、使用、維護(hù)、保養(yǎng)規(guī)程，確保空氣炮安全、有效使用。5、月檢5.1檢查全部空氣管道及連接處是否漏氣。5.2檢查全部氣動元件是否工作正常、靈活。5.3檢查油霧器，油面高度低于整個杯子1/2時要添加到額定要求，即整個杯子的2/3處，以便延長二位三通閥的使用壽命，提高靈敏度。潤滑油可選擇45#~50#機(jī)油。6、半年檢：6.1進(jìn)行全面外觀檢查，檢查空氣炮有無結(jié)構(gòu)損傷。6.2檢查氣包銹蝕情況，銹蝕嚴(yán)重時，應(yīng)及時更換，以免發(fā)生安全事故。6.3檢查空氣炮的吊掛、支撐裝置的焊接處，固定是否損壞，螺栓是否松動。6.4關(guān)閉空氣炮氣源，釋放氣包內(nèi)氣體，卸掉放水塞，排除內(nèi)部全部積水，然后再把放水塞在原處擰緊?？諝馀趹?yīng)根據(jù)壓縮空氣的含水量確定排水周期，定期排水。6.5檢查氣包噴射管和氣包之間的法蘭墊片，如損壞應(yīng)更換，然后把全部零件安裝牢固。6.6檢查全部接線有無松動、磨損或斷裂現(xiàn)象。完成上述檢查后，重新接上所有空氣管路和電源，檢查各部連接正確可靠后，方可投入使用。十、可能出現(xiàn)的故障及排除方法現(xiàn)象故障原因排除方法1、空氣炮不能充氣單向閥安裝有誤“O”型密封圈漏氣氣包內(nèi)充滿了水或污物放水塞松動漏氣氣源管路受阻或管路漏氣二位三通閥安裝不正確或有贓物及損壞調(diào)換單向閥安裝方向清洗活塞或更換密封圈排除水分及污物擰緊放水塞檢修管路，保證暢通，不得漏氣檢查糾正二位三通換向閥安裝位置，清洗或更換二位三通電磁閥2、空氣炮不能排氣沒有氣源或氣壓太低電源不通或開關(guān)損壞二位三通閥不動作二位三通閥裝錯或失靈活塞卡住氣動閥安裝不適當(dāng)，離氣包太遠(yuǎn)1、及時送氣或增加起源壓力2、查明電路原因及時修復(fù)或更換3、排除電、氣、信號故障，檢修二位三通閥4、正確連接二位三通閥，檢查失靈原因，保養(yǎng)維修或更換5、清洗活塞缸筒，更換損壞部件6、調(diào)整氣動閥與氣包的距離，不得超過15米3、空氣炮充氣速度慢氣源引管出口通徑小空壓機(jī)排氣量小氣源管路受阻更換大通徑管路增加空壓機(jī)排氣量查找氣源受阻原因，并排除4、空氣炮釋放能量小氣壓過低空氣炮充氣不足氣包內(nèi)有水或污物活塞和密封圈漏氣排氣管氣流阻力大排氣管過長或彎頭過多氣動閥離氣包太遠(yuǎn)檢查并增加氣源壓力適當(dāng)延長充氣時間排除氣包內(nèi)污物和水清理更換活塞、密封圈降低排氣管氣流阻調(diào)整距離和安裝位置調(diào)整氣動閥與氣包的距離，不得超過15米十一、空氣炮供貨范圍及定貨注意事項(xiàng)1、空氣炮供貨范圍：空氣炮氣包、二位三通電磁閥（或手控閥、氣控閥）、單向閥、油霧器、絲扣接頭、手動球閥。詳見圖九、圖（b）2、定貨注意事項(xiàng)：2.1定貨時用戶應(yīng)明確型號、規(guī)格、數(shù)量、交貨日期、交貨方式、交貨地點(diǎn)等。2.2用戶無特殊要求時，按上述供貨范圍供貨。2.3需要配帶一般電控箱、自動電控柜，用戶應(yīng)在訂貨時提出，價格另計(jì)。2.4需要防爆要求時，用戶必須在訂貨時提出，采用手動閥、氣動閥或防爆電磁閥控制，價格另計(jì)。四川戰(zhàn)旗實(shí)業(yè)有限公司地址：成都市外西成溫路紅碾村郵編：610091電話：028—87072072（總機(jī)）87070777傳真：028—87072101E-mail:CMP-III-150ModelAirCannonCMP-III-100ModelAirCannonInstallationandOperationInstructionLabuan2x300MWThermalPlantinIndonesiaSICHUANZHANQIINDUSTRIALCO.,LTD·CHINAJanuary,2008ApplicationScopeAirCannon,thespecificdevicepreventingandclearinganyblockageinvariousbins,feedersandpipes,isappliedinvariouscylinderbins,feeders,pipesandpiledstuffmadeofsteel,concreteandothermaterialsintheimportantstorageandtransportationbulkmaterialsites,includingthermalplant,boil,coalmineandcoalbin,coalwashingplant,cementfactory,concreteprocessingfactory,foundry,fertilizerplant,cokingplant,gasworks,chemicalplant,aluminummanufacturer,alkalifactory,ironandsteelplant,mine,wharf,food,grain,andfeedprocessplant,boiler,pharmacyandsoon.CharacteristicsHighefficiency:Positioneddirectlyatthepositionwherecausesmaterialbridgingandpilinguptoensurethebestdustandbulkhandlingprocess.Safety:Thesilowall,pipeandotherpartsoftheequipmentcannotbedamagedbecausetheAirCannonmanufacturedinaccordancewithStateRegulationsonpressurevesselsinstantaneouslydischargescontrolledimpulseofcompressedair;anti-magnetvalveandpneumaticcontrolvalvecanbeappliedontheequipmenttopreventtheinflammablematerialfromexplosion.Hugeenergy:TheCannoninstantaneouslydischargesthepneumaticenergycontainedinthebinonwhichtheyaremounted,strikingthematerialtobedislodgedwithacontrolledimpulseofcompressedair.Lowenergyconsumption:Theintermittentoperationandpneumaticenergydischargedinlowvolumeconsumeslesspneumaticenergy.Lownoise:NoiseintheCannonoperationabsorbedbymaterialsinthebinandtheintermittentoperationproduceslessnoisewhichcausesnopollution.Variousmodels:Variousmodelswithdifferentstructureandcontrolsystem,includingKL-A,KL_B,KTandKHetc,aresuppliedtomeetdifferentcircumstancesintermsofdifferentstructuresofthestorageequipment,installationspaceandenvironment.Simplestructureisapttoinstallation,dismantlingoperationandmaintenance.3.OperationPrincipleTheCannon,instantaneouslydischarginghugepneumaticenergy,directlydislodgesalltypesofdustwhichsticktosilowallsandcausebridginginthebottomofDustCollectorhopperstoensureefficientproductflow,foreffectiveoperationofpowderandbulkhandlingprocesses.TheoperationprincipleoftheCannonisshowedinthe1stchartasfollows: KLModel KTModelKHModel圖（a）Drawing(a)圖（b）Drawing(b)圖（c）Drawing(c)1stChartOperationPrincipleoftheCannon3.1GasfeedervalvemountedonthegaspipeisopenedtoallowthecompressedairtoenterthevesselAviatwo-positionedthree-wayvalvesS.(SeeDrawinga)3.2PistonPisdrivenbycompressedairinthevesselAtomovetotheblowtubeCtoblocktheairbagD,atthesametime,throttleisopenedtoallowthecompressedairtofillupairbagDviavesselA,sotheCannonisready.(SeeDrawingb)3.3.TheunbalancedairpressurebetweenthevesselAandairbagD,causedbycompressedairdischargedfromvesselAviatwo-positionedthree-wayvalveswhentheoperationbuttonofthethree-wayvalvesispressedandthedirectionoftheelectromagneticvalveischanged,drivespistonPtomovebacksothatthepneumaticenergycontainedinairbagisdischargedinstantaneouslythroughblowtubeCtostrikematerials,(SeeDrawingc)whichisthefirstcompleteoperationoftheCannon.3.4AfterthefirstcompleteoperationoftheCannon,therestoredthree-wayvalvesdrivessystemtobereadyforthesecondoperation.3.5GasfeedingvalveisclosedwhentheCanonisnotneededtotakethesecondoperationafterthefirstone,andtheCanonisreadyforbeingfilledupwhenthetwo-positionedthree-wayvalvesisrestored.4.SpecificationsandModels(See2ndand3rdChart)KLModel:AirvesselmountedintheairbagcharacterizesthemodelandtherearetwotypesoftheKLModelamongwhichtypeAisthedevicethatairdrainpipeismountedalongsidethelongitudinalsidethroughintheairbag;typeBisthedevicethanairdrainpipeismountedcrosswisethroughintheairbagsothatthespaceofinstallationissmallerthanthetypeA.KTModel:Airvesselismountedatthelongitudinalendoftheairbagsothatairfeedertube,airvesselandairdraintubecanindependentlyjointedtogether.KGModel:Twoairventsinstalledintheairbagcanamplifytheeffectofdislodgingbulkandfueldustinthewideway,especiallyinthespecialapplicationenvironment,asetofKHModelcandislodgefueldustasmuchastwosetsofKLModelorKTModelcando,whichcanimprovedustandbulkhandlingprocessandreducetheinstallationofAirCannon.KL-AModelKL-A型KL-BModelKL-B型2ndChartOutlineofKL-AandKL-BModelAirCannonModelLCapacityAmmBmmCmmФDmmEmmFmm噴管通徑mmDiameterofblowtube吊環(huán)孔HoleofHangingRing進(jìn)氣孔AirFeedingVent工作壓力MPaOperationPressure沖擊力NImpulse爆炸能量kgfmBlastEnergyWeightKL-15A15416375315308160865016G1/2″0.4~0.8980~2940194031KL-30A30622375516308160865016G1/2″0.4~0.81176~3720408038KL-50A50731430625358200885016G1/2″0.4~0.81370~4120680045KL-50B50500430585358200865016G1/2″0.4~0.81370~4120680043KL-75A7591548672241228017010016G1/2″0.4~0.82500~65001020095KL-75B7563348668241228017010016G1/2″0.4~0.82500~65001020095KL-100A100111548692241248017010020G1/2″0.4~0.83000~800013600117KL-100B10063348688241248017010020G1/2″0.4~0.83000~800013600115KL-150B15073258089051246016510020G1/2″1″0.4~0.84500/1000020400125KL-300B300852680118561268518012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.85500/1250040800200KL-500B500952790142071287018012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.86500/1500068000230AirFeeding進(jìn)氣AirDischarging排氣KTModelKT型KHModelKH型3rnChartOutlineofKTandKHModelAirCannon型號ModelLCapacityAmmBmmCmmФDmmEmmFmm噴管通徑mmDiameterofBlowTube吊環(huán)孔HoleofHangingRing進(jìn)氣孔AirFeedingVent工作壓力MPaOperationPressure沖擊力NImpulse爆炸能量kgfmBlastEnergy重量WeightKT-50508274306083582001385016G1/2″0.4~0.81370~4120680047KH-505010684306283582001385016G1/2″0.4~0.81370~4120680062KT-757596648670241228016610016G1/2″0.4~0.82500~650010200106KH-7575126648672241228016610016G1/2″0.4~0.82500~650010200135KT-100100125648690241248016610020G1/2″0.4~0.83000~800013600118KH-100100155348692241248016610020G1/2″0.4~0.83000~800013600164KT-150150117458090051244016610020G1/2″0.4~0.84500/1000020400138KH-150150146858092051244016610020G1/2″0.4~0.84500/1000020400187KT-3003001500680118561268519012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.85500/1250040800189KH-3003001818680118561268519012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.85500/1250040800240KT-5005001745790142071287019012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.86500/1500068000227KH-5005002070790142071287019012520G1/2″1″0.4~0.86500/1500068000298Notes:Abovelistedfiguresarejustforreferenceonly.Allcustomerswillbekindlyrefrainedfrombeinginformedanyfigurealternationwiththedevelopmentoftechnology.圖圖四控制原理圖電源Power氣源AirSource開關(guān)Switch閥們Valve油霧氣OilSprayDevice二位三通電磁閥Two-PositionedThree-WayValve空氣炮AirCannon電動控制ElectricControl氣源AirSource閥門Valve三通接頭Three-WayJoint油霧器OilSprayDevice二位三通電磁閥Two-PositionedThree-WayValve空氣炮AirCannon氣動控制PneumaticControl氣源AirSource手動閥HandControlValve排氣AirDischarging空氣炮AirCannon手動控制HandControl4thChartControlPrincipleChart5.ControlPatternThecontrolapproachoftheAirCanonisdividedintothreepatterns,includingelectrically-controlledpattern,air-controlledpatternandmanually-controlledpattern.Inaddition,electriccontrolpatternisdividedintoautomaticcontroltypeandhandcontroltype;pneumaticcontrolpatternisappliedintheexplosiveandriskyenvironment;handcontrolpatternisappliedonthesceneintheclosedistance.Concretecontrolapproachesincludessinglesetcontrolandtwosetscontrolandassemblycontroloperation,electriccabinetcanbemadeaccordingtotherequirementofcustomers.HandcontrolpatternoftheCanoncanbeoperatedbypullingthehandleofthedirectionshiftvalve,andelectriccontrolpatternandautomaticcontroltypecanbeoperatedbypressingthebuttonandwiththehelpofautomaticcontrolinstrumentoftheCannonrespectively.圖五常見的堵塞形式5thChartCommonShapeofBulkandDustBlockage6.PrincipleofCannonSelectionandLayout6.1Commonshapesofbulkanddustblockage(See5thChart)Varioustypesofbulkanddustblockagecanformintermsofhumilityandcompressionofthestuffinvariousvessels,thecommonshapesofbulkanddustblockageinvesselare:a,archingformb,bridgingformc,hopperform;typesofbulkanddustblockageinpipeare:d,accumulatingblocke,partialblock6.2GeneralruleofCannonSelection(See6thand7thChart)TheselectionofCannon,includingKLModel,KTModelandKHModel,mustbetakeninaccordancewithinstallationspaceandconvenienceandwillnotaffectthedusthandlingresult.TheCannonwithcapacity,including15L,30L,50L75L,ismainlyappliedtothesmallscalestoragesitestoringstuffwithsmallgravityandgoodliquidity,suchasgrainwarehouse,warehouseoffeedmaterial,chemicalmaterial,sawdust,plasticandcement,binofcyclonedustextractor,dustbagofdustcleanerandelectricalprecipitatorandfeedingpipeline.TheCannonwith100Land150Lcapacityismainlyappliedtomediumandsmallscalewarehouse,suchaswarehouseoffertilizercementandsand,lockofsmallloaderandsmallganguewarehouse.TheCannonwith300Land500Lcapacityismainlyappliedtolargescalewarehousewithlargecapacityandbroadspacestoringcompactstuffwithlargegravity,lowliquiditysuchasvariouscoalbunker,coalorewarehouseandbufferbunkerwithlargecapacity,smallbunkerofstoneandoreandotherspecificsites在熱態(tài)工況上應(yīng)用時應(yīng)選用耐熱型空氣炮。D=內(nèi)徑或當(dāng)量圓的直徑，以60°D=內(nèi)徑或當(dāng)量圓的直徑，以60°圓錐角料倉為基準(zhǔn)1.WhenDequalstotheinsidediameterortheequivalentcirclediameter,taketheCollectorwith60degreesconingangleasthestandard.d——物料的平均粒度2.d--------Averagegranularityofmaterial塊狀物料可按d=30mm選取3.Blocked-shapedmaterialispickedinaccordancewithd=30mm選取數(shù)量除料倉直徑外，還要根據(jù)物料特性、水份、粘度、料倉容量、料倉角度等進(jìn)行增減4.MaterialquantitymustbeinaccordancewithdiameteroftheCollector,materialquality,moisture,viscosity,capacityandangleofbin當(dāng)D＞8000mm時，直筒部分可按圓周每隔5000mm裝一臺300L空氣炮的辦法確定一周的安裝數(shù)量（圖b）在料倉高度方面每隔L=2000mm，K=400mm，應(yīng)增裝一層空氣炮（圖七），同層圓錐部分的空氣炮，希望有一定的高度差h＜900mm，H≈1200mm料倉下部是多錐出料口時，每個錐體部分均應(yīng)裝設(shè)空氣炮F為無堵塞區(qū)，不需要安裝空氣炮Heat-resistingCannonisappliedtoconstructioninthermalstate.Handcontrolvalve,pneumaticcontrolvalveandelectromagneticvalveareappliedtoexplosion-proofconstructionsite.6thChartDesignSelection7thChartCannonLayout（接表格）5，HowmanyCannoninstallationmountedonthecylinderpartoftheequipmentisdecidedinaccordancewithstandardthatonesetofCannonisinstalledatevery5000mmapartfromanotheralongsidethecircumferenceoftheequipmentwhenD>8000mm.(SeeDrawingb)6,AnotherCannonmustbeinstalledatthepositionwithL-2000mm,K=400mminheight(See7thChart)and,atthesamelayeroftheconepart,Cannonsmustbeinstalledatthepositiondifferentinheightwithh<900mm,H=1200mm.7.Eachcone-shapeddischargeratthebottomoftheCollectormustbeinstalledwithaCannon.8.Fistheblockagefreearea,thereisnoCannon.（補(bǔ)圖表）1臺OneSet2臺TowSets3臺ThreeSets4臺FourSets6臺SixSets8臺EightSets7.Installation7.1AttheappropriatesectionofCollector,airblowtubeoftheCannon,weldedorfixedwithconcreteontheportofsilowalloftheCollector,isweldedorconnectedwithflangewithairdraintubeoftheCannon;airbagisfixedonthesilowallorotherpartoftheCollectorwithboltorsteelstrip,(SeeChart8a,c)orfixedonthebracketweldedonmaintenanceplatformorsilowalltoreinforcestabilityofthebag.(SeeChartb,d)7.2AirblowtubeoftheCannon,lessthan1.2meterinmaximumlength,isinstalleddownwardsatthepositionwheretheanglebetweentubeandhorizontallinemustnotbelessthan15degreesandinalignmentwithairdraintubewithoutbended-jointandelbowpiece.Thedistancebetweenairbagandpneumaticcontrolvalvemustbelessthan15meterswhenpneumaticcontrolpatternisapplied.7.3Thedistancebetweentwo-positionedthree-wayelectromagneticvalvemountedontheairreceiverclosetotheairventofthevesselandconnectionpipeofvesselmustbelessthan30mmandbended-jointandelbowpiecemustnotbeinstalledincaseofaffectingthepneumaticenergybydelayingthetimeofpistonrestoring.7.4Anyairleakofallpartsandpipesofthesystemmustbepreventedandcompressedairbeforefeedingmustbefiltered,cleanedanddriedtomaintainthepressurestability.Themaximumandminimumoperationpressureofthesystemiso.8MPaand0.4MParespectively,andmoreoperationpressurecanensurestrongstrikingandexplosiveenergy.Whenthecompressedairisindependentlyfed,theeffectivedusthandlingprocessisensuredbecauseofhighandstableairpressure.Inaddition,pressuregaugemustbeinstalledtoobservetheairpressureconditionforthesakeofpreventingthesystemfrombeingdamagedandresultofdislodgingdustfrombeingaffected.7.5ThewaterprooffilloftheairbagoftheCannonmustbeinstalleddownwardstodrainwater.AnothersealedwatertubecanbeinstalledonthewaterdrainventwithoutairleaksothatanothervalvecanbeinstalledclosetotheoperationcontrolpositiontoensurewaterdrainperiodicallyincasetheairbagoftheCannon,highabovethegroundoroperationplatform,istoohightooperateandhumidityisheavy.7.6One-wayvalveandballvalvemustbeinstalledattheplacewhereisconvenientforoperationcontrol.7.7AnyoperationoftheCannonmustbebannedbeforeinstallationonthesystem7.8Distancebetweentheairbagandthermalequipmentmustbekeptintheinstallationprocessandenvironmenttemperaturemustbebelow50degreeswhentherangeofworkingtemperatureisfrom-10~50degrees,andheatpreservationmeasuremustbetakenwhentheairtemperatureis10degreesbelow.7.9Standardvoltageofthetwo-positionedthree-wayelectromagneticvalvesis24voltor220voltinalternatingvoltage.7.10Intheelectriccontrolpattern,presscontrolbuttonwhilethetwo-positionedthree-wayelectromagneticvalvesinpowered.Variouscontrolpatterns,includingsceneandcontrolroomcontrol,singlesetormulti-setcontrolandtimedcontrolcanbeappliedintermsoftherequirementofcustomers.圖八安裝示意圖圖（a）、KL-A型空氣炮裝配圖圖（b）、KL-B型空氣炮裝配圖圖九空氣炮裝配圖原料斗Hopper噴管AirDischargingTube螺扣吊具HangingBolt圖（a）Drawing(a)圖（b）Drawing(b)圖八安裝示意圖8thChartInstallationChartKL-A型空氣炮KL-AAirCannon2。排污口WasteDrainVent3。排放總成DischargingAssembly4。6。8。對絲JointBolt5．二位三通筏Two-PositionedThree-WayValve7。油霧器OilSprayDevice9。手動球筏HandControlBallValve1．KL-150B型空氣炮KL-150BModelAirCannon2。G1/2排污口G1/2WasteDrainVent3。5。7。8。9。121/2對絲JointBolt4二位三通閥Two-PositionedThree-WayValve11。單向閥One-WayValve9。1/2三通Three-WayJoint6。QIU-15油霧器QIU-15OilSprayDevice13手動球閥HandControlBallValveChart(a)KL-AModelAirCannonInstallationChartChart(b)KL-BModelAirCannonInstallationChart9thChartAirCannonInstallationChart8.OperationRuleAirCannonmustbeappropriatelyoperatedforthesakeofprolonginglifeandensuringeffectivenessofitandpreventinganydamagesinoperation.8.1PreparationbeforeOperationCannontestoperationwithoutdustintheequipmentmustbecarriedoutontheconditionthatpipesareclearedwithcompressedairafterCannonsystemisinstalledandpipesysteminspectionisfinished.Theequipmentmustnotbeoperateduntiloperationsafetyisensuredthroughtestoperationsatfromlowairpressurestatetothemaximumairpressurestate.8.1.2Powercables,connectionsandpowersupplyvoltagemustbeinspectedtomeettheoperationrules.8.1.3AirfeedingvalvemustbeopenedtofeedCannonin3~5minutessothattheCannonisreadyforoperation.8.2OperationandControlThesafeandnormaloperationoftheCannoncancarryoutafterpipesystemandpowersystemarequalifiedafterinspection.Theoperationprocedureisasfollows:8.2.1Pneumaticvalvecontrol:Singlesetcontrolorassemblycontrolcanbeappliedbyusingaircontrolvalve.Cannonoperationcandislodgeblockingandbridgingdustandbulkbyinstantaneouslyblowingoutstrongpneumaticenergywhenthehandcontrolballvalveisopenedtoallowairtofeedtheairbagandthehandcontrolswitchispulledtosendaimpulsesignaltothedirectionshiftvalve.Aftertheoperation,theCannoncanbeautomaticallyrestoredtothereadypositionforthenextrun.(Notes:handcontrolswitchmustberestoredinstantaneouslyafterbeingpulled,otherwise,theCannoncannotberefilledfornextoperation.)Electricvalvecontrol:Inthiscontrolpattern,theCannoncanbeoperatedbypressingbuttonswitch,adopting24Vor229Vpowerandkeepingtwo-positionedthree-wayvalvesopen.Thepatternofelectriccontrolisdividedintoseveraltypes,includingsinglesetcontrol,connectedtwosetscontrol,assemblycontrolandtimedcontroletc,.AsafeautomaticelectriccontrolsystemcansimultaneouslycontrolseveraldevicesbysendingtimedsignaltoeachCannonsothatitcanblowairautomaticallyateverycertainperiodoftime.Handcontrol:Inthisway,singlecannoncanbeoperatedthroughhandle-shapeddirectionshiftswitchmountedonthedirectionshiftvalveontheworkingsceneatclosedistance.TheappropriateoperationprocedureoftheCannonisthatoperationoflowerCannonsinthebunkermustprecedetheoperationofupperCannonsinordertodislodgedustsmoothly.Inaddition,upperCannoncannotbeoperateduntilthereisnostuffatthelowerpartoftheCollectortopreventmaterialsatlowerpositionfrombeingcompressedandhardened.CannonsmountedatthesamelayeroftheCollectorcannotbeoperatedsimultaneouslyunlessCannonscanberunseparatelyandrunatdiagonalline.AnyrandomoperationofCannonsisbanned.9.FixandMaintenanceAnymalfunctionandinappropriaterunoftheCannonmustbefixedandmaintainedontime.Beforethemaintenance,airfeedingmustbestoppedbyclosingairsourceandairintheairbagmustbeexhaustedbypressingbuttonoftwo-positionedthree-wayvalve.9.1.CylinderandpistonoftheCannonmustbecleanedandmaintainedbeforeoperationafterprolongoutrage,andtheCannonmustbeoperatedperiodicallysuchasonetotwoweeksincasetheblockageofdustinthebunkerseldomoccurs.9.2Airpressureofthepipesystem,cylinderandpistonmustbecheckedsequentiallyincaseofweakpneumaticpoweroftheCannonintheoperation.O-shapedsealingwasherandpistonmustbecleanedandreplacedincasetheairleakoftheCannonisfound.Inthisway,O-shapedsealingwashermustbereplacedwiththenewoneincasethepistonisdislodgedfromcylinderatanycircumstances.Beforere-installation,pistonsandcylindersmustbelubricatedandpreventedfrombeingscratchedanddamaged.9.3Accumulatedwaterintheairbagmustbefrequentlydrainedincaseofhigh