Unit 1 Great Scientists Using language 同步練習(xí)- 高二上學(xué)期英語人教新課標(biāo)必修五

第11頁（共11頁）Unit1GreatScientistssectionDListening,SpeakingandWriting一、單句改錯1.Thefallingleavesofthewoodcoverthegroundinfall.2.Thegirldressinginredisfromabigcity.3.Hearingtheencouragednews,weallfeltproudofourcountry.4.MostofthescientistsinvitingtothepartywereAmericans.5.Fromthestomachthediseasequicklyattackedthebodyandsoontheaffectingpersondied.6.IhavebeentosomeEnglish-spokencountries.7.Thechildrenexaminingatthehospitalyesterdaywereseriouslyill.8.Shehadlittlesenseofdirection,sosheoftengotlosingwhenshewasout.9.Don’tyouknowthegirlwornaredskirt?10.Itmadenotdogsknowingtomorepeople.二、完成句子1.他的小說受很多讀者喜愛,值得一讀。Hisnovelsarewellworthreading.

2.你認識坐在石頭上的男人嗎?Doyouknowtheman?

3.那個被嚇壞的孩子突然放聲大哭。burstintotears.

4.我能夠在給定的時間內(nèi)完成工作。Icanfinishtheworkin.

5.他正在修理那扇被打破的窗戶。Heisrepairingthe.

三、閱讀理解Scientistsstudythenaturalworldbyusing“scientificmethod”.Whenascientistobservessomephenomenoninnature,hedevelopsanidea,calledatheoryorhypothesis(假設(shè))，aboutwhatishappening.Thenhedoesanexperimenttotesthistheory.Iftheresultsareasexpected,thentheexperimentprovesthehypothesiswhichmakesitmorelikelythatthetheoryiscorrect.Iftheexperimentfailsandtheresultsarenotasexpected,thenthescientistmustcomeupwithanewtheorythathecantest.Inancienttimesgreatthinkerscameupwithcomplicatedtheoriestoexplainnature,buttheydidnotalwaysprovethembyexperiment.Forexample,thegreatGreekthinkerAristotle,hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjects.PeoplebelievedthisuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfounditwaswrong.Here'sanexperimentthatyoucanusetoproveordisproveacommon-sensetheory：Step1:Getanemptybottlewithasmallneck.Adiameter(直徑)of1/2inchshouldbeideal.Step2：Cutasheetofpapertoasquare5inchesoneachside.Step3：Crumple(壓皺)thepaperintoatightwad(塊狀物)．Step4：Laythebottleonitssideandplacethepapersoitlieslooselyintheneckofthebottle.Constructatheoryaboutwhatwillhappenifyouputyourmouthaboutahalfinchfromtheneckofthebottleandblowhardtowardsit.Acommon-sensetheorymightbethatthewadwouldbeblownintothebottlebytheforceofthebreath.Nowdoyourexperimenttoseewhatreallyhappens.Ifyourtheorywasthatthewadwouldbeblownbytheforceoftheairintothebottle,theexperimentgaveyouunexpectedresults.Inmostcasesthewadisblownoutoftheneckofthebottleintheoppositedirection.Anewtheorymightbethattheairbeingblownintothebottlecreatesawhirlwind(旋風(fēng))ofaircurrents(氣流)intheclosedspacewhichpushthewadout.本文是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家一般用實驗證明自己的理論或假設(shè)。本文介紹了用一個簡單的四步實驗來驗證常識理論是否正確。1．ThewritermentionsAristotle'stheorytoshow________.A．hewasagreatthinkerinancienttimesB．hewaslesssuccessfulthanGalileoC．objectsofdifferentweightsfallatthesamespeedD．experimentsarenecessarytosupporttheories2．Accordingtothepassage,whatisnotrequiredinthefour-stepexperiment?A．Apairofscissors.B．Apieceofpaper.C．Abottle.D．Astrongbreath.3．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．CometoNaturewithScientistsB．MakeupaNewTheoryC．ExperimentwithBreathinaBottleD．WatchOutforCommonSense四、語法填空AStrangeDiseaseWhenthe__1__(construct)ofthefireworkfactorycametothestageofpainting,apumpwasputin.Then,allthepaintersintheneighborhood__2__(defeat)byaseveredisease__3__characteristicwassimilartothatofabadburn.Anexpertphysicianwasenthusiasticaboutcuring__4__，buthedidn'tforeseethatitwasso__5__(challenge)atask.Aftersimpleenquiries,heannouncedthatthepollutedpaintwas__6__(blame).Butwithoutpositiveevidence,peoplesuspectedandrejectedhisview，sayingthetheoryheputforwardmadenosense.Beingmuchmorestrict__7__himself,hecontributedhistimetothecase.Apartfrommakingenquiries,hemadedetailedchartsandanalysedthedatacautiously.Finally,hedrewascientific__8__(conclude),linkingthediseasetotheradiuminthepump.__9__(expose)toradium,akindofradioactivematerialintheuniverse,peopleabsorbedradiationandgotsickimmediately.Spinningthepumpbackward,hetookawaytheradium.Thissimple__10__(move)curedallthevictims.五、讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。所續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。IjustfinishedreadingastoryaboutaschooladministratorwhowasonceamiddleschoolteacherinalargeAmericancity.Shehadalife-changingexperiencethatIcanidentifywith.Afterdinneroneevening,shewaswaitingtogetontheelevatorandwhenthedoorsopened,shewasfacetofacewithaformerstudentwhoshehadmadeleaveschool.Thestudentwasnotallowedtoreturnandnow,severalyearslater,shewasfacedwiththesamestudent.HehadbroughtaBBguntoschool.Therewerezerotolerancerulesinplacessuchastheschool.ABBgun,thoughnotadeadlyweapon,couldstilldoalotofbodilyharmandperhapsitcouldbedangerous.Thefactis,theschoolwasnotaplaceforittobebrought.Thestudentwasexpelled(開除)andtoldnottocomeback.Sheandthestudent,immediatelyrecognizedeachotherandheofferedapleasantgreetingtoherashesteppedoutoftheelevator.HehadinfactjoinedthemilitaryacademyandwasabouttotaketheSATtoentercollege.Shewasthankfulthathislifehadnotgoneinadifferentdirectionandthathewasn'tinjail.Hehadapositiveoutlookonhislifeandaplantopursuesomethinggoodinhisfuture.Yesterday,Iwasinagrade1highschoolclassteachingTOEFLSpeaking.Tonywassittinginthefirstrow.InoticedbeforeclassthatTonyhadslightlykickedadeskandwasobviouslyupsetaboutsomething.IalsoknowthathehasagirlfriendintheclassandIquicklyconcludedthatthey'dhadanargument.Iknowthatitissillyofhimtoactthatwayorperhapsevenhaveagirlfriendatthatage.Nevertheless,hedidsoandthislittledramawasunfoldingevenbeforeclassbegan.Paragraph1：Iwasalsosensitivetothefactthathepossiblywasn'treadytostandupandanswertheTOEFLquestionsI'dposedtotheclass.Paragraph2：I'vebeenateacherlongenoughtobeabletoreadthestudentsintheclassroomsoIknewheneededsometimetorelaxandcooldownbeforeIcalledonhim.一、單句改錯1.falling→fallen2.dressing→dressed3.encouraged→encouraging4.inviting→invited5.affecting→affected6.English-spoken→English-speaking7.examining→examined8.losing→lost9.worn→wearing10.knowing→known二、完成句子1.lovedbymanyreaders2.sitting/seatedonthestone3.Thatfrightenedchild/kid4.thegiventime5.brokenwindow三、閱讀理解1.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容，特別是“...Aristotle，hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjects.PeoplebelievedthisuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfounditwaswrong.”可知，亞里士多德認為重的物體比輕的物體先落地，但被伽利略用實驗證明是錯誤的，這說明，用實驗來證明理論是必要的，故選D項。2.A細節(jié)理解題。文中提及了anemptybottle，asheetofpaper和blowhard，即做實驗需要B、C、D三項。3.D標(biāo)題歸納題。本文通過介紹一個四步實驗來說明我們的常識并不總是正確的，故D項“當(dāng)心常識”符合題意。四、語法填空1．construction2.were_defeated3.whose4.it5.challenging6．to_blame7.with8.conclusion9.Exposed10.movement五、讀后續(xù)寫Paragraph1：Iwasalsosensitivetothefactthathepossiblywasn'treadytostandupandanswertheTOEFLquestionsI'dposedtotheclass.SoIthoughtIshouldgivehimafewminutestocalmdown.IfIdidn'tfeelthathehadnotrecovered