英語構詞法講解 高三英語二輪復習

英語構詞法1.派生法：詞根+詞綴=新詞1.1前綴+詞根asleep,overtake,enable,recycle,forecast,preview,ex-wife,postwar,multimedia,telephone,international,microphone,automobile,vice-president,ecology,subtitle,semicircle,triangle,transform,impossible,illegal,irregular,inactive,uneasy,disappear,mistake,anti-Japanese,degrade,ill-treat,non-profit--30個前綴1.2前綴+詞根+后綴impossibility,degradation,productivity……1.3詞根+后綴farmer,educator,liar,existence,insurance,absence,production,imagination,interruption,decision,advertisement,awareness,marriage,warmth,pleasure,freedom,childhood,ownership,farming,historian,European,artist,actress,arrival,employee,engineer,mouthful,ability,safety——29個名詞后綴sunny,global,influential,thankful,breathless,numerous,predictable,accessible,productive,systematic,economic,scientific,woolen,awesome,deadly,American,northern,bookish,abundant,ancient——20個形容詞后綴absolutely,forward(s)——2個副詞后綴2.轉化法：單詞詞性不變，詞性發(fā)生變化2.1動詞-名詞doubt,demand,visit……2.2名詞-動詞book,ship,water……2.3形容詞-動詞slow,dry,free,warm…2.4形容詞-名詞patient,safe,content……2.5形容詞-副詞long,early,hard……3.合成法：用>=2個單詞合成一個心詞（可以用連字符）3.1合成名詞3.1.1名詞+名詞bookstore,newspaper,landmark……3.1.2形容詞+名詞highway,mainland,deadline……3.1.3介詞/副詞+名詞overcoat,afternoon,outcome,……3.1.4名詞+-inghandwriting,bodybuilding,mountain-climbing……3.1.5其他構成方式breakthrough,father-in-law,get-together……3.2合成形容詞3.2.1形容詞+名詞+-edkind-hearted,short-sighted,open-minded……3.2.2形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking,low-lying,easy-going……3.2.3副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞everlasting,hard-working,far-reaching……3.2.4副詞+過去分詞well-known,newly-married,informally-dressed……3.2.5名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞time-saving，energy-consuming,peace-loving……3.2.6名詞+過去分詞state-owned,heartfelt,man-made,environment-friendly……3.2.7名詞+形容詞cost-effective,duty-free,nationwide……3.2.8形容詞+名詞large-scale，high-class，full-time……3.2.9形容詞+形容詞red-hot，dark-blue，bittersweet……3.2.10數(shù)詞+名詞+-edthree-legged,one-sided,six-storeyed,one-eyed……3.2.11其他構成方式water-proof，face-to-face，all-round……3.3合成副詞however,maybe,somewhat,anyhow,somehow,otherwise,forever,nowadays……3.4合成代詞something,anyone,nobody,ourselves,oneself……3.5合成動詞sunbathe,sleepwalk,understand,overeat,underline4.縮寫和簡寫4.1截短法examination-exam，telephone-phone，airplane-plane,laboratory-lab,advertisement-ad,mathematics-math(s)……4.2首字母