8國粹京劇Chinese-OPera-I匯總

ChineseOperaAsapartoftheoverallChineseculturalsystem,theChinesedramawasingrainedwiththetraitoftheoverallChineseculture.TheChinesedramaischaracterizedbyanorganicentirety,whichcomprisesnotonlythescript,performingskillsandmusic,butalsotherelationshipbetweentheactorsandthewatchers.Ingrained：inrootedDramaticperformancewasapowerfulartthatcouldcaptureaudiencesandstirtheemotions,therebyinfluencingtheattitudesofthepeople.OfthevarietyofChinesedramas,whichweredistinguishedbydifferentethnicorprovincialcharacteristics,BeijingOperarankedaboveallothersbecauseofitsuniqueintegrationofdialogue,singing,dancing,andmartialart.ChineseOperaBeijingOperaisacomprehensiveperformingart.HenceanactororactressinBeijingOperahastomeetmorerequirementsthanthatinotherformsofperformingart.Heorshehastobeaperformingartist,asinger,andadanceratthesametime.ChineseOpera

BeijingoperaofChinaisanationaltreasurewithahistoryof200years.ItsoriginsareintheChineseprovincesofAnhuiandHubei.Inthe55thyearofthereignofEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty(1790),thefourbigHuibanoperaTroupesenteredthecapital.ThecombinationgraduallyformedBeijingoperasmainmelodies.ChineseOpera

Beijingoperaisasynthesisofstylizedaction,singing,dialogueandmime,acrobaticfightinganddancingtorepresentastoryordepictdifferentcharactersandtheirfeelings.ChineseOperaThemusicofPekingoperamelodywithharmoniousrhythmsisgracefulandpleasingtotheears.ThemusicofBeijingOperacombinestheerhuangtuneformAnhuiOpera,thexipitunefromHanju(HubeiOpera),andtunesandmusicalaccompanimentofKunqu(KunshanOpera).TypicalChinesemusicalinstrumentsareusedinaBeijingOperaorchestra.ChineseOperaThecostumesinBeijingoperaaregraceful,magnificent,elegantandbrilliant,mostofwhicharemadeinhandicraftembroidery.Whatrolesdotheyplay?ChineseOperaFourmaintypesofroles:sheng(male)dan(youngfemale),jing(paintedface,male),andchou(clown,maleorfemale).Thecharactersmaybeloyalortreacherous,beautifulorugly,goodorbad,theirimagesbeingvividlymanifested.

ChineseOperaThetypesoffacialmake-upsinPekingoperaarerichandvarious,depictingdifferentcharactersandremarkableimages,thereforetheyarehighlyappreciated.Moreovertherearenumerousfixededitionsoffacialmake-up.

jīnɡjùliǎnpǔdeyánsèhányì

京劇臉譜的顏色含義

MeaningofColorsinBejingOperaFacialMasks

Accordingtothelinesofthemask,canrevealthecharacters:Stronganddetermined:LineofDragon,tiger,mountain,andstone.Sensibleandwise:flower,birdandfish.Kindnessandgood-natured:StilllifeandflowerBoldandfierce:Wolf,eagle.Beautifulandgrace:ButterflyandgrassChineseOperaIntheTangDynasty(618-907A.D.),maskscontinuedtobeappliedinlowcomedy,andatthesametimeartistsstartedtodyetheirfacesinportrayalofsuper-humanbeings.IntheMingDynasty(1318-1644A.D.),divisionofrolesamongactorsbecamemoreclassifiedonthebasisoftheYuanDynasty(1271-1368A.D.)operasandthefacialmakeupsweregraduallystandardized.ChineseOperaInsomelocaloperas,facialmakeupsareappliedtoallthedifferentroleswhileinBeijingOpera,themostrepresentativeofChineseoperas,facialmakeupsarelimitedonlytotherolesofjingandchou.ChineseOperaDifferentcolourssuchasred,yellow,blue,white,black,purple,green,goldandsilverareusedforfacialmakeups.Themaincolourinafacialmakeupsymbolizesthedispositionofthecharacter.ChineseOperaRedindicatesdevotion,courageanduprightness.Yellowsignifiesfierceness,ambitionandcool-headedness.Bluerepresentsfiercenessandastuteness.Whitesuggestssinisterness,treacherousness,suspiciousnessandcraftiness.ChineseOperaBlacksymbolizesroughnessandfierceness.Purplestandsforuprightness,sophisticationandcool-headedness.Goldandsilvercoloursareusuallyusedforgodsandspirits.ChineseOperaFacialmakeupsarenotonlyaspecialartinChineseoperas,butalsoanartofornamentaldesign,andhavebecomeanewvarietyinChinesepainting.ChineseOperaRolesinChineseOpera:Therearemainlyfourdifferentkindsofroles,namelysheng,dan,jing,andchou.Thereusedtobeanotherrolecalledmo,whichhasmergedintosheng.

ChineseOpera

ShengisthemaleroleinBeijingOpera.Sheng,accordingtotheage,personalityandstatusofthecharacters,issubdividedintolaosheng,xiaosheng,wenshengandwusheng.Thosewhospecializeinsingingandrecitingaretermedwensheng,whilethosewhoareskilledinstage-fighting,arecalledwusheng.

ChineseOperaDanisageneralterminBeijingOperaforallfemaleroles.

danisfurtherdividedintozhengdan,huadan,caidan,wudanandlaodan.Zhengdanisalsocalledqingyibecauseshealwayswearsaqingyi(blackcostume).Zhengdanisthetyperepresentingthegentleandvirtuousyoungandmiddle-agedwoman.InthistypeofrolesmuchstressisgiveninsingingChineseOperaHuadanistheroleforamaidenorayoungwoman,whoiseithervivaciousorshrewdishincharacter.Emphasisisplacedonactingandrecitationinthistype.ChineseOperaJingisalsoknownashualian,arolewithapaintedface,whoisamanofspecialcharacter,featuresandpersonality.Jingisfurtherdividedintowenjing(civiliantype)andwujing(warriortype).Wenjingmustlayparticularemphasisonsingingandwujingonacrobaticfighting.ChineseOpera

Thefaceofajingroleispaintedwithavarietyofcolouredpatternswhicharenotonlyanartisticexaggerationbutalsoanindicationofthepersonalityofthecharacter.

ChineseOperaChou(clown)isalsocalledxiaohualian,orsanhualian.Achoumaybeakind-hearted,humorousandfunnyfellow.However,hemayalsobeverywickedortreacherous.ChineseOperaChouisalsodividedintowenchou(civiliantype),andwuchou(aclownwithmartialarts).Afemalechouisnormallycalledcaidanorchoudan.Achoualwayspaintshisnosepowder-whiteandwearsanupturnedmoustachesoastogiveacomiceffect.ThefourstyleofDancharacterinBeijingOperaMeiStyle,ChengStyle,ShangStyleandXunstyle.AFamousActor:MeiLanfangTheveryinfluentialMeiSchool,wasfoundedbythemostfamousBeijingOperaactorofmoderntimes,MeiLanfang,whomadecontinuousimprovementtosinging,movements,recitative,music,costumesandmake-upinthecourseofmanyyearsofstageperformance.

MeilanfangisgoodatplayingtheroleofwomeninBeijingoperas,called“Dan”.Accordingtotheageandpersonalityofthecharacter,therearemanydifferentkindsofDans.Ifsheisadecentgirl,willbecalled“Zhengdan”or“Qingyi”ifsheisjustayounggirl;thecharacteronthestageisusuallydressedinblue.Theheroineof“DouE’sGrievance”isatypical“Qingyi”character.Thiskindofcharacterissuppleandelegant;thesingingskillisthemostimportanttechnicalpointandthesongitselfissoftandbeautiful.TheRelationshipbetweenBeijingOperaandKunquKunqu:ahistoryof600year