仁愛版八年級英語上冊U4T12知識點(diǎn)以及比較級1

仁愛版八年級英語上冊U4T12知識點(diǎn)以及比較級1U4T1&T2borrow和lend的區(qū)別borrowsthfromsb向某人借東西，借進(jìn)來lendsthtosb借東西給某人，借出去我向Jack借了一本書。IborrowedabookfromJack.Jack借了一本書給我。Jacklentabooktome.Whatareyouthinkingabout?I’mthinkingaboutthelifeinthecountryside.thinkabout意思是“思考，考慮”，與“thinkof”意思相近。thinkof有“想起，想到，認(rèn)為”的意思。Peoplewithoutajobtrynottothinkof/thinkaboutthefuture.SheoftenthinksofherfriendZhaoKe.Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?=Howdoyoulikethefilm?thinkover意思是“仔細(xì)考慮”。Pleasethinkitover,thenanswerme.請仔細(xì)考慮一下，然后回答我。sth./sb.beimportanttosb.---某人或事對某人很重要如：Environmentisveryimportanttohumans.環(huán)境對人類非常重要。Itisveryimportantforhumanstoimprovetheenvironment.改善環(huán)境對人們來說非常重要。Insectsfeedonplants.點(diǎn)撥:feedon---以…為食

feed---_fed--fed__(過去式、過去分詞)鞏固：Peopleinthesouthfeedonrice,whilethenorthpeoplefeedonnoodles.南方人以米飯為主食，而北方人是以面條為主食。Thousandsandthousandsofanimalsliveintherainforests.點(diǎn)撥：ten,hundred,thousand等數(shù)詞表示確定的數(shù)目時(shí)不用復(fù)數(shù)形式；表示不確定的數(shù)目時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，后跟of..鞏固：a.天上有成千上萬顆星星。Therearethousandsofstarsinthesky.b.去年我們學(xué)校有六千人。Therearesixthousandstudentsinourschool.But,now,rainforestsarebecomingsmallerandsmaller,soweshouldprotectthem.點(diǎn)撥一：比較級and比較級=越來越…鞏固：a.這些年英語正逐漸變得越來越重要了。Englishisbecomingmore

andmore

importanttheseyears.b.康康的英語越來越差了。Kangkang’sEnglishisworseandworse.c.雨越來越大。Therainisbecomingheavierandheavier.I’mquitesurethatthereareUFOs.besure+that引導(dǎo)從句，其中that可以省掉。譯為“確信……”I’msure（that）hewillcome.Wearesure（that）wewillwinthefootballmatch.benotsure+whether/if引導(dǎo)從句，意思是“不確信是否……,不敢肯定……”I’mnotsurewhether/ifhewillcome.我不確定他是否會來。Wearenotsurewhether/ifwewillwinthefootballmatch.我們不敢肯定可以贏得足球比賽。besure后面可以跟不定式，譯為“一定……”，如：WearesuretorepairtheTVwell.我們一定會修好這臺電視機(jī)。You'resuretowinthebasketballmatch.你一定會贏得籃球比賽的。1.RobotcantaketheplaceofhumanstodohardworkorboringworkinsomesituationsRobotscandolotsofdangersworkinsteadofhumansinsteadof代替，放在句中。taketheplaceof代替，放在句中instead代替，放在句末。Robotscanalsodolotsofdangerousworkinstead(ofhumans).Ifyoucan’tgothere,hewillgoinstead(ofyou).TVsetscannevertaketheplaceofcinemas.Nowgastakestheplaceofcoalincooking.請你選擇：taketheplaceof和insteadof完成下面兩個(gè)句子WangLinwillrepairthemachine____________LiPing.王林將代替李平修理機(jī)器。WangLinwill

LiPingtorepairthemachine.王林將代替李平修理機(jī)器。insteadoftaketheplaceofDoyouthinkyouwillhavearobotin20years?in+一段時(shí)間，常用于一般將來時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)。After+一段時(shí)間，常用于一般過去時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)。選擇填空：in，afterHewillcomeback____________aweek.一周以后他將會回來。MyuncleleftBeijing_________threemonths三個(gè)月后，我叔叔離開了北京。in

after

mistake…for…把……誤認(rèn)為……我有時(shí)候會把Lucy誤認(rèn)為是她妹妹。ImistakeLucyforhersistersometimes.Don’tmistakemypolitenessforfriendless.別把我的禮貌誤認(rèn)為是友好。Don’tmistakethereadingroomfortheclassroom.別把閱覽室誤認(rèn)為是課室。短語辨析forexample例如；后面跟一個(gè)句子

suchas例如；后面跟名詞或短語等。

Tomcanspeaksomeforeignlanguages,___________,English,Japanese,Russian.

Computerisveryuseful,____________,wecanenjoythemovie;wecanlistentothemusic;wecanalsolookforusefulinformation.suchasforexample辨析spend，take，pay和cost花費(fèi)……spend主語是人sb.spend+時(shí)間/錢+on

sth/indoingsth某人在.(某事、某東西上).花費(fèi).（多少時(shí)間/錢）.

Mybrother_______twohours_______playingbasketballeveryday.

Theboy________onehundredyuan_______thatpairofshoes.spends

inspent

oncost的主語是物或某種活動，還可以表示“值”，常見用法如下：(1)sth.costs(sb.)＋金錢,某物花了（某人）多少錢。例：Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.買一臺新電腦要花一大筆錢。(2)(doing)sth.costs(sb.)＋時(shí)間,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少時(shí)間。例：Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.他花了大量時(shí)間才記住了這些單詞。take后面常跟雙賓語，it做形式主語，用法：Ittakes/took/willtakesb.＋時(shí)間＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例：他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。

Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.pay的基本用法是：(人做主語)(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付錢（給某人）買……。例：Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.

我每個(gè)月要付20英磅的房租。(2)payforsth.付……的錢。例：Ihavetopayforthebooklost.

我不得不賠丟失的書款。(3)payforsb.替某人付錢。例：Don’tworry!I'llpayforyou.

別擔(dān)心，我會給你付錢的。小歸納人+spend+錢/時(shí)間+(in)doingsth人+spend+錢/時(shí)間+onsth物+cost+人+錢活動doingsth+cost+人+時(shí)間Ittakes/took/willtake+sb+時(shí)間+todosth人+pay+錢+for+物用spend、cost、take和pay翻譯句子我花了三十塊買了這本書。Ispent30yuanonthisbook.thisbookcostme30yuan.Ipaid30yuanforthisbook.我每天都用兩個(gè)小時(shí)寫作業(yè)。Ispend2hoursindoingmyhomeworkeveryday.Ittakesme2hourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.Doingmyhomeworkcostme2hourseveryday.什么叫形容詞?用以修飾名詞，表示事物的特征的詞。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等成分．形容詞的比較級和最高級用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其它副詞、全句或名詞詞組及句子的詞。e.g.very,early,out,soon,quickly,etc.什么叫副詞?形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的用法：當(dāng)兩種物體之間相互比較時(shí)，我們要用形容詞或副詞的比較級；Iamtallerthanyou.當(dāng)相互比較的物體是三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上時(shí)，我們就要用形容詞或副詞的最高級。Iamthetallestintheclass.tallerharderlargerwidertallesthardestlargestwidestbiggerhotterfatterwetterbiggesthottestfattestwettesthappierdrierearlierhappiestdriestearliestnarrowercleverernarrowestcleverestmoredifficultmorepopularmoreslowlymostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞可加-er或-est規(guī)則變化

副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成和形容詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成基本相同.e.g.

形容記的最高級前要用定冠詞the,副詞的最高級前可用可不用定冠詞the.AttentionsMountQomolangmaisthehighestintheworld.Jimjumped(the)highestoftheall.fast-faster-fastestslowly-moreslowly–mostslowlybetterbestworseworstlessmoremostfarther/furtherolder/elderleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest不規(guī)則變化巧記：特殊形式比較級共有三對二合一壞病兩多并兩好little意思不是小一分為二有兩個(gè)一是老來二是遠(yuǎn)形容詞原級的常用句型Tomisas

tallasMike.

as+形容詞原形+asThereareasmanystudentsinourschoolasyours.

Tomisthreetimesas

oldasMike.

否定notas+形容詞原形+as“和…不一樣”或notso+形容詞原形+as

“不及／不如…TomisnotastallasMike.TomisnotsotallasMike.

Thistruckisbigenoughtocarry5tons.

so+形容詞原級+that叢句

such+名詞＋that叢句Heissobigthathecan’tentertheroomby

thedoor.…too+原級+todosth.Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.

形容詞原級+enoughtodosth.

比較級+than…形容詞比較級的常用句型Thisbridgeisalittlelongerthanthatone.

這條橋比那條長一點(diǎn)兒。Ourschoolismuchlargerthantheirs.

我們的學(xué)校比他們的大多了。much+比較級---…得多alittle+比較級---…一點(diǎn)兒翻譯a.我的書包比你的重得多。Myschoolbag______________than_________.b.他的書包比我的輕一點(diǎn)兒。Hisschoolbag_______________than_____.ismuchheavieryoursisalittlelightermine表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用“Whichis+比較級，…or…?”

表示不及另一方時(shí)，使用“l(fā)ess+原級+than…”Whichislonger,thisoneorthat?Thisparkislessbeautifulthanthatone.

“The+比較級…，the+比較級…”“…比較級+and+比較級…”Thesmallerthehouseis,thelessitwillcostustheheat.

Inspring,thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.

…oneofthe+最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形容詞最高級的常用句型…最高級+of(in)…Thisis/wasthe最高級+名詞+that定語從句LuXunisoneof

thegreatestwriterslastcentury.

ThisistheworstfilmthatIhaveseentheseyears.

Ofallthemoviestars,IthinkZhangZiyiisthebest.

1.Thebreadis____thanthesecakesA.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious2.LinTaojumped____inthelongjumpintheschoolsport

meetingA.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quitefar3.Whentheymetinthehotel.Theytalkedandlaughed______A.happilyB.happyC.happierD.happiestCCPracticeA4.Inourcityit’s____inJuly,butitiseven____inAugustA.hotterhottestB.hothotC.hotterhotD.hothotter5.HainanisaverylargeIsland.Itisthe

second______islandinchina.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.mostlargest6.Anelephantis____thanatiger.A.heavyB.veryheavyC.theheaviestD.heavierDCD7.Ahorseis______thanadog.A.muchheavy