人教版九年級(jí)語法之定語從句精講精練

上學(xué)期九年級(jí)同步語法之定語從句精講精練概述：作為九年級(jí)乃至整個(gè)初中階段的復(fù)合句的收官之作，可以說是當(dāng)之無愧的大boss，河南省取消了單選之后，對(duì)于定語從句的考查也變得相當(dāng)不確定，即便完形填空、盲填分流了單選，可是出題也不是很多。有些省份保留了單項(xiàng)選擇，出題也多集中在關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句?？梢?，定語從句在初中階段是相當(dāng)難的，因此出題會(huì)很慎重。初中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2011版），對(duì)于定從的考查主要集中在限制性定從，由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句。關(guān)系副詞暫不做講練。定義：定語從句說白了就是，由一個(gè)句子來充當(dāng)定語，而不再是一個(gè)形容詞、名詞、代詞、不定式等來擔(dān)任。在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或者代詞的從句叫做定語從句。定語從句通常置于它修飾的名詞或代詞后，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。例如：IlikemusicthatIcandaceto.我喜歡我可以跟著搖擺的音樂。先行詞關(guān)系代詞注意：由關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞music,定語從句起形容詞的作用。特別注意：關(guān)系代詞不僅在先行詞與定語從句之間起連接作用，而且在句子中充當(dāng)一定成分。結(jié)構(gòu)：由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：who修飾人在句子中作主語、賓語whom修飾人在句子中作賓語which修飾物在句子中主語、賓語that修飾人或物在句子中作主語、賓語、表語whose修飾人或物在句子中作定語如：Ilovemoviesthatarefunny.我喜歡搞笑的電影。（that作主語)Heisthemanwholivesnextdoor.他就是住在隔壁的那個(gè)人。（who作主語）DoyouknowthegirlwhoseJapaneseisexcellent?你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)日語非常優(yōu)秀的女孩嗎？（whose作定語）ThetrainwhichhasjustleftisforShenzhen.剛開走的火車是開往深圳的。（which作主語）使用定語從句的注意事項(xiàng)：定語從句中是從句中比較復(fù)雜的一類，既涉及先行詞、關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞的用法，也涉及各種句法結(jié)構(gòu)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等，因此要注意。關(guān)系代詞的省略：在句中作動(dòng)詞的賓語，可以省略。如：Ihaveneverregrettedthedecision(that/which)Imadetwoyearsago.我從來沒有為我兩年前做出的決定感到后悔。宜用that不宜用which的情況：（1）當(dāng)先行詞是：all,little,few,much,something,anything,everything,nothing,none,some等不定代詞時(shí)。如：Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.一切能做的都已經(jīng)做完了。當(dāng)先行詞被：all,every,no,some,any,little,theonly,thevery,thelast,few等修飾時(shí)。如：Thisistheonlythingthatinterestsme.這是唯一能讓我感興趣的東西。當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如：ThehotelisthemostexpensivethatIhaveeverstayedin.那家賓館是我住過的最貴的賓館。當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。如：Shedescribedinhernovelthepeopleandplacesthatimpressedhermost.她在小說中描述了給她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。宜用who不宜用that的情況：先行詞是one,ones,anyone時(shí)。如：Onewhohasnothingtofearforoneselfdarestotellthetruth.一個(gè)無所畏懼的人敢于說實(shí)話。先行詞為指人的those時(shí)。如：Thosewhoarepolitewillberespectedbypeople.那些懂禮貌的人會(huì)受到人們的尊重。therebe句型中主語是指人的名詞時(shí)。如：Thereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.有位老人要見你們。專項(xiàng)習(xí)題精練用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞that,who,whose,whom,which填空。Thestreetperformers______interestusalotarefromtheUS.That’stheoldman_____househasburneddown.Thethiefhandedineverything______hehadstolenthesedays.Therewillbearobotshowinthesciencemuseum______wevisitedlastweekend.Doyouknowtheman_____Ispoketo?Isthereanyoneinyourclass_____familyisinthecountryside?Thetallman______wearsblackjacketismycousin.Everything_____youlearnbecomesapartofyouandchangesyou.Thenotebook_____isonthetableismine.I’dliketocongratulateallthestudents______areheretoday.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞將下列句子并列成含有定語從句的復(fù)合句。Themanismyuncle.Helivesonthefarm.__________________________________________Wehaveaclassroom.Thedooroftheclassroomisbroken.___________________________________________Ilikethemovies.ThemoviesareaboutChinesehistory.____________________________________________Doyouknowthegirl?Hermotherisamathteacher._____________________________________________Thereissomecoffeeinthefridge.Thecoffeewasboughtbymyfather._______________________________________________單項(xiàng)選擇。Doyouknowthegirl_____isgivingthespeech?A.which B.who C.whom D.what2.-Whatareyoulookingfor?-Iamlookingforthedictionary____mybrothergavemelastweek.A.that B.what C.who D.whom3.Wewillneverforgetthose_____losttheirlivesforourcountry.A.who B.that C.which D.whose4.Iknowthat“piano”isaword_____wasoriginallyborrowedfromItalian.A.where B.who C.which D.whose5.Finallytheyreachedalonelyisland_____wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.A.which B.who C.whose D.where6.Oncetherewasarichman_____wantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.A.who B.which C.whose D.whom7.WeallmissWuMengchao_____savedthousandsoflivesinhismedicalwork.A.which B.what C.who D.whose8.Heistheonlyman____hasreachedthetopofthemountain.A.that B.who C.which D.whom9.Thisthemostbeautifulpark_____wehavevisited.A.which B.that C.who D.whose10.One_____hasastrongwillcandothingsbetter.A.that B.who C.which D.whose參考答案一，1.that/who2.whose3.that4.that/which5.whom/who/that6.whose7.who/that8.that9.which/that10.that二，1.Themanwholivesonthefarmismy