主板基礎(chǔ)知識課件

M/BDesignBasicsDWHD-PCA-EE:Tune2008.01.08RoadmapM/BBlockDiagramsM/Bbasiccomponents–R/L/CM/Bbasiccomponents–ChipsetM/Bbasiccomponents–SuperI/OM/Bbasiccomponents–CPUPCIEIntroduction8B/10BCodingM/BBlockDiagramsFSBDMIDDR2channelAVGA/DVI/HDMIPCIEX16USB2.0(12Ports)SATAIIinterfaceDDR2channelBPCIinterfaceComPortPrinterPortPS/2PortFloppyPortHDAudioNetworkPHYI/FPCIEX1interfaceM/Bbasiccomponents–RResistorspecificationPowerRating:(ratedpower@70degree)RC04021/16WRC06031/10WRC08051/8WRC12061/4WRatedVoltage:theDCorAC(rms)continuousworkingvoltagecorrespondingtotheratedpowerisdeterminedbythefollowingformula.ElectricalcharacteristicoperatingtemprangemaximumworkingvoltageMaximumoverloadvoltageDielectricwithstandingvoltageResistancerangeTempcoefficientResistorapplicationonmotherboardJumperforreserveddesignordebug,often0resistor;PulluporpulldowntosomelogiclevelImpedancematchforclockandhighspeedsignalForpower,usedasdampingresistor,powerbleedoffM/Bbasiccomponents–C[SMD]CapacitorspecificationSize:RC0402RC0603RC0805RC1206RatedVoltage:10V,16V,25V,50VElectricalfeatures:operatingtemprangeCapacitancetoleranceoperatingtemperatureLoadlifecasesizecapacitorapplicationonmotherboardPowerdecouplingtostabilizeasignalorpowerrailEMIsignalsink,100pF,150pF…RCdelay,suchas100nF,1uF…Highspeedsignalcoupling,suchas100nFTolerance:NPOX5RX7RY5VM5UM/Bbasiccomponents–C[PTH]CapacitorspecificationParameter:CapacitanceESR,DissipationFactorImpedanceLeakagecurrentElectricalcharacteristicoperatingtemprangemaximumworkingvoltageMaximumoverloadvoltageDielectricwithstandingvoltageResistancerangeTempcoefficientE-CapacitorapplicationonmotherboardPowerdecoupling,tostabilizepowerrailAudioSignalcouplingLowESRcap,forripplecurrentfilterTolerance:AlECAPOS-CONFPCAPM/Bbasiccomponents–L[DIP]ChokespecificationProcess:IRONCoilPMCParameter:L:inductancevalueRDC:internalDCresistorIDC:ratingcurrentQ:TestFrequencyworkingtemperature resonantfrequencyElectricalcharacteristicoperatingtemprangemaximumworkingvoltageMaximumoverloadvoltageDielectricwithstandingvoltageResistancerangeTempcoefficientchokeapplicationonmotherboardPowerprocess,DC-DCpoweroutputchokeEMIfilter,DC-DCpowerinputchokeM/Bbasiccomponents–chipsetGMCHHostInterface:FSBGTLClockGraphicsI/FVGADVI/HDMIPCIEX16DMIInterfaceDMILINKMemoryInterfaceDDRIIDDRIIIMaximum8GBDualChannel,4-DIMMNBfunctiononmotherboardHostinterfacetoCPU,andmakeabridgebetweentheICH,Memory,GraphicsandCPU.Integratedcore:PCI/PCIEbridge,Memorycontroller,AGP,PCIE/PCItoHostbridgeNBcapability:Graphicsprocess:tosupporttheDirectX9.0,10.0…renderingtechnologyDisplay/MediaContent:HDMI/DVI/DisplayPort,HD-DVD,Blue-RayMemoryspeed:tomatchwithmemorytypeorspeedFSBspeed:tomatchwithCPUFSBM/Bbasiccomponents–chipsetICHHostInterface:DMItoGMCHpoint–to-pointlinkStorageSATAII3Gb/sRAIDNetworkInterfaceLCI/GLCIEthernetPHYUSB2.0Interface12Ports6UHCI2EHCIUSBlegacysupportExpandSlotPCIRev2.3,3SlotsPCIEX1,6SlotsSBfunctiononmotherboardHostinterfacetoNB,andmakeabridgebetweentheSIO,PCI,PCIE,andNB.Integratedcore:PCI/PCIEbridge,PIDE/SATAcontroller,AudioLink,NetworkPHY,legacycore:RTC,interruptcontroller,SMbuscontroller,APICcontrollerNBcapability:Storage:tosupporttheDirectX9.0,10.0…renderingtechnologyExpandability:supportPCI,PCIEnumbersNetwork:EthernetPHY AudioLink:AC’97,HDAAudioInterfaceHADLinkM/Bbasiccomponents–CPUDesktopProcessorPerformance/Features:?coresnumbers?on-chipSharedCacheSize?SimultaneousMulti-Threadingcapability(SMT)?FSB/QPI?NewinstructionsPower:?65W,95W,130WFMBSocket:mPGA478LGA775socketLGA1336socketProcessTechnology:130nm,Prescott90nm,65nm,Conroe45nm,wolfdaleM/Bbasiccomponents–CPUexampleDesktopBloomfieldProcessorPerformance/Features:?4cores?8Mon-chipSharedCache?SimultaneousMulti-Threadingcapability(SMT)?Intel?QuickPathInterconnect(QPI)?IntegratedMemoryController(IMC)?NewinstructionsPower:?130WFMBSchedule?Q1’08Firstsamples?Q4’08LaunchHEDTSocket:?NewLGA1336SocketProcessorTechnology:?45nmCPUM/Bbasiccomponents–CPUTrendDesktopProcessornewtechnologyFastRadix-16DividerFasterOSPrimitiveSupportEnhancedIntelVirtualizationTechnology

LargerCaches:upto12MB24WaySetAssociativelyIntel?WideDynamicExecutionIntel?AdvancedSmartCache

SplitLoadCacheEnhancementImprovedStoreForwardingHigherbusspeeds

Intel?SSE4instructionsSuperShuffleEngineDeepPowerDownTechnologyEnhancedIntelDynamicAccelerationTechIntel?SmartMemoryAccessIntel?AdvancedDigitalMediaBoostIntel?IntelligentPowerCapabilityIntelCoreMicroarchitectureNewwiththePenrynFamilyPCIEIntroduction-ArchitectureRe-use:IPHouses,Foundries,ToolVendors,RTLComputeIndustrywork:Verification,Interoperability,DesignCollateral,MassiveEconomiesofScale&InvestmentsPCIExpressTargetsChip-to-ChipAdvancedSwitchingTargetsFabricsPCIPnPModelinit,enum,configASFabricMngmtinit,enum,configPCISoftwareDriverModelPEIPEIPEIPhysicalLayerLinkLayerTransactionLayerLayer4+MarketSegmentOptimizationsL1/L2CommonalityPCIEIntroduction-TransactionLayerInitializationandconfigurationPacketgenerationandprocessserviceFlowcontrolserviceOrderingrulesSplitTransaction

Postedandnon-postedrequestsnon-postedrequestrequirecompletionsTransactionTypes

Memory,I/O,Configuration,MessageHeaderDatePCIEIntroduction-DataLinkLayerLinkManagementinitializationandpowermanagementDataintegrityDataprotection,errorchecking,andretryservicesTLPsequencenumberDataProtectionCodeHeaderDateSeq.#CRCPCIEIntroduction-Definitions8B/10BCoding-Part1History/applicationThecodewasdescribedin1983byAlWidmerandPeterFranaszekintheIBMJournalofResearchandDevelopment.IBMwasissuedapatentfortheschemethefollowingyear.IBM'spatentnotwithstanding,themethod,implementationandgoalsareverysimilartoGroupCodeRecording(GCR)usedonfloppydisksinsomecomputersduringlate1970s/early80sHistoryApplicationPCIExpressIEEE1394bSerialATASASFiberChannelSSA

HyperTransportInfiniBand

XAUISerialRapidIODVI(TransitionMinimizedDifferentialSignaling)DVBAsynchronousSerialInterface(ASI)GigabitEthernet(exceptforthetwistedpairbased1000Base-T)8B/10BCoding-Part2HowitworksHowitworksAstheschemenamesuggests,8bitsofdataaretransmittedasa10-bitentitycalledasymbol,orcharacter.Thelow5bitsofdataareencodedintoa6-bitgroupandthetop3bitsareencodedintoa4-bitgroup.Thesecodegroupsareconcatenatedtogethertoformthe10-bitsymbolthatistransmittedonthewire.Because8b/10bencodinguses10-bitsymbolstoencode8-bitwords,someofthepossible1024codescanbeexcludedtograntarun-lengthlimitof5consecutiveequalbitsandgrantthatthedifferenceofthecountof0sand1sisnomorethan2.Someofthe256possible8-bitwordscanbeencodedintwodifferentways.Usingthesealternativeencodings,theschemeisabletoaffectlong-termDC-balanceintheserialdatastream.Theencodingisnormallydoneentirelyinhardware.Upperlayersofthesoftwarestackshouldbe"unaware"thatthisencodingisbeingused.8B/10BCoding-Part2CodeTable5B/6BinputRD=-1RD=+1HGFEDCBAAbcdeifghjAbcdeifghjK.28.00001110000111101001100001011K.28.10011110000111110011100000110K.28.20101110000111101011100001010K.28.30111110000111100111100001100K.28.41001110000111100101100001101