高考-課件必修5-unit

Unit1Greatscientiststreat

neighbourhood

characteristic

painter

painting

certainty

certainly

movement

universal

universally

analysis

infectious

infection

conclusion

pollution

polluted

announcement

announcer

instruction

instructive

construction

contribution

rejection

forward

scientific

scientist

creative

creation

enthusiasm

responsibility

forward

conclusion

to

strict

sense

to

view

from

Neither

everytime

therewasanoutbreak

never

until

withtheplanetsgoingroundit

nor

stuck

questioned

flooded

leading

Ⅰ.詞匯訓(xùn)練A．語境填詞1．Sheseemedtotally__________(使……全神貫注)inherbook.[答案]

absorbed2．Ibelievethateachofuscan__________(貢獻(xiàn))tothefutureoftheworld.[答案]

contribute3．Representativesfromacrossthehorseindustrywill__________(出席)themeeting.[答案]

attend4．Theydidn'tdrawaconclusionuntilcarryingoutlotsof__________(科學(xué)的)experiments.[答案]

scientific5．Hesmiledsuddenly，__________(露出)asetofamazinglywhiteteeth.[答案]

exposing6．Be__________(謹(jǐn)慎)astheroadisfrozen.[答案]

cautious7．Mr.Wangisjustoneofthe__________(受害者)fromwhosehousesthethievesstolemoneyandothervaluables.[答案]

victims8．Ifyoucan't__________(處理)thejob，Iwillgetsomeoneelsetodoit.[答案]

handleB．用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．In__________(conclude)，IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyselftoday.[答案]

conclusion2．Thatpainfulexperiencemakesthem_____(caution)inthefuture.[答案]

cautious3．Hewasinterestedin__________whenyoung.Afterhegrewuptobea_____，helikedtodo______experimentstotesthisideas.(science)[答案]

science；scientist；scientific4．Theworkersare__________thebridgedamagedbytheflood，andthebridgeunder__________connectstheroadwiththetown.(construct)[答案]

constructing；construction5．Heinfecteda________bacterialastmonth，and________fivedayslater.His________isagreatlosstoourcareer.(die)[答案]

deadly；died；death6．Thefamousstarhas__________alotofmoneytotheschoolandhasmadeagreat__________tothebuildingoftheschool.(contribute)[答案]

contributed；contributionⅡ.短語訓(xùn)練A．用方框內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞短語的適當(dāng)形式填空bestrictwith；drawaconclusion；expose...to...；cometoanend；lookinto；putforward；leadto；makesense1．Theplan________________bytheoldprofessorwaswellworthconsidering.[答案]

putforward2．Thissentencejustdoesn't________________，nomatterhowyoureadit.[答案]

makesense3．ThebossofMicrosoft________________thestaff，soeveryoneinthecompanyhastobecompletelystrictintheirwork.[答案]

isstrictwith4．Themoreone___________theEnglish-speakingenvironment，thebetterheorshewilllearnthelanguage.[答案]

isexposedto5．Iwrotealetterofcomplaint，andthemanagerhaspromisedto________________thematter.[答案]

lookinto6．Everybodythoughtthatitwasmycarelessnessthat________________thedisaster.[答案]

ledto7．Aftertwomonths'negotiation，thedisputebetweenthesetwocountriesfinally________________.[答案]

cametoanendB．用方框內(nèi)所給短語填空innosense；apartfrom；attimes；onlyif1．___________busyschoolwork，thechildrenalsohavetotakearts，musicandsportsclassesintheirfreetime.[答案]

Apartfrom2．Iwenttomygrandparents__________duringmyschooldays.[答案]

attimes3．________________canwelietoourparents.[答案]

Innosense4．________________youpassthedrivingtestscanyouhavethequalificationtodriveacar.[答案]

OnlyifⅢ.句型訓(xùn)練1．_____________，besuretoletmeknowinadvance.下次你來北京，務(wù)必要提前告訴我。[答案]

NexttimeyoucometoBeijing2．__________haveseenthefilm.吉姆和她的父母都沒有看過這部電影。

[答案]

NeitherJimnorhisparents3．________，agreatmanypeoplecan'taffordtobuyahouse.隨著房價(jià)的上升，許多人買不起房子。

[答案]

Withthepriceofthehousesgoingup4．OnlyifIgetapart-timejob_______________togotoschool.我只有找到兼職工作才有足夠的錢上學(xué)。

[答案]

willIhaveenoughmoney5．Ican'tgooutwithyoutonightbecauseIhaveanurgentthing______________.今晚我不能與你一起外出，因?yàn)槲矣幸患笔乱幚怼答案]

toattendtoⅣ.語法訓(xùn)練1．YongquanTemple，__________(date)from908andlocatedinGushan，F(xiàn)uzhou，receivedcrowdsofpeoplewhocametoetheChineseNewYear.[解析]考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：許多人在春節(jié)時(shí)來到坐落于福建鼓山的涌泉寺祈福。涌泉寺歷史悠久，可追溯到公元908年。date和句子謂語“receive”之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動(dòng)詞，且和句子的主語“YongquanTemple”在邏輯上構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。[答案]dating2．Aspecialdance__________(call)horsedanceessohotthatmanyfamouspeoplecan'thelpcopyingthat.[解析]考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：一種被叫做騎馬舞的特殊舞蹈變得如此流行，以至于許多名人都情不自禁地去模仿它。call與Aspecialdance之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用call的過去分詞形式，另外，“__________horsedance”可以轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句“which/thatiscalledhorsedance”。[答案]called3．(2016·云南師大附中月考改編)Paris，_______(regard)asafashioncapitallikeNewYork，Milan，andLondon，happenstobetheheadquarters(總部)ofmanytopfashionhouses.[解析]

Paris和NewYork，Milan，London一樣被看作時(shí)尚之都。Paris和regard之間在邏輯上是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞regarded。[答案]

regarded4．Youmayalsofinditdifficult__________(get)tosleepifyouhaveaproblemorsomethingelseonyourmind.[解析]

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it為形式賓語，因此此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的賓語。故填toget。[答案]

toget5．Actuallywithhisconfidence__________(build)up，Jacknowturnsouttobeagreatspeaker.[解析]

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句考查“with＋賓語＋補(bǔ)語”的結(jié)構(gòu)。因?yàn)楸窘Y(jié)構(gòu)中賓語“confidence”與buildup之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，并且buildup的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故應(yīng)填過去分詞built。[答案]

builtⅤ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Don'texposeyourskinindirectsunlight，oryou'llgetsunburnt.____________________________________________[答案]

in→to2．Heconcludedhisspeechbyafamoussaying：wherethereisawill，thereisaway.____________________________________________[答案]

by→with3．Eattoomuchfatcancontributetoheartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.____________________________________________[答案]

Eat→Eating4．NotonlyshebutalsoherhusbandanddaughterhasseenthefilmTheMonkeyKing.____________________________________________[答案]

has→have5．EverytimewhenIcalledonhim，hewasalwaysbusywithhishomework.____________________________________________[答案]

去掉when語法填空①Whatcanweconclude______Stafford'sresearch?[答案]

from②__________conclusion，IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyselftoday.[答案]

In③Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend，makesure__________(conclude)it__________importantpoints.[答案]

toconclude；with語法填空①—Wouldyouliketojoinusinthegame?—I'mafraidnot，forIhavesomethingimportant________________(attend)to.[答案]

toattend②Youmustattend__________yourwork.[答案]

toA．用過去分詞短語作原因狀語改寫句子①Hewasexposedtotherainandwindlastnightandhewasill.____________________________________________[答案]

Exposedtotherainandwindlastnight，hewasill.B．語法填空②Itisgenerallybelievedthat____________(expose)toradiationisratherdangerous.[答案]

beingexposedA．介詞填空①Keepingpricesfromgoinguptoosharplyisachallenge__________Chinaaswellasthewholeworld.[解析]

achallengetosth.意為：面對(迎接)……的挑戰(zhàn)，是固定搭配。[答案]

toB．語法填空②(2016·黃石三校調(diào)研改編)Thetireisflat,butwhatreally__________(challenge)usiswhowecanturntoforhelpinthisruralarea.[解析]

句意：輪胎癟了，但是我們真正面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是在這樣一個(gè)農(nóng)村地區(qū)，我們能找誰幫忙。challenge“考驗(yàn)(某人的)能力；向……挑戰(zhàn)”，在主語從句中要用其單數(shù)形式。[答案]

challengesA．語法填空①WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundmyfather____(seat)inthesofaand____(absorb)inamagazine.[解析]

句意：當(dāng)我走進(jìn)房間時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)父親坐在沙發(fā)上專心地讀雜志。seated為過去分詞，做賓補(bǔ)；absorb與father之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即父親被雜志所吸引，故用過去分詞。[答案]

seated；absorbedB．用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫句子②HewassoabsorbedinTVthatheforgottosleep.____________________________________________[答案]

AbsorbedinTV，heforgottosleep.類詞辨析blame責(zé)備，譴責(zé)；歸咎于，歸罪于(on)。常用于blamesb.forsth.因某事指責(zé)某人，blamesth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人。charge控告；譴責(zé)。常用于chargesb.with(doing)sth.指控某人(做了)某事。accuse控告，指控；指責(zé)，譴責(zé)。常用于accusesb.of(doing)sth.指控某人(做了)某事。用blame，charge和accuse的適當(dāng)形式填空①Itisobviousthatyouareto__________fortheaccident.[答案]

blame②Shewassaidtohavebeen__________withdrunkendriving.[答案]

charged③Iwastoldthathewas__________ofmurder.[答案]

accused用announce和declare的適當(dāng)形式填空①Everyonewassilentashe__________thelist.[答案]

announced②Thegovernment__________martiallawintheminingcommunities.[答案]

declared③We__________ourmarriagetoourfriendslastSunday.[答案]

announced④Thereferee_____himtobethewinnerofthefight.[答案]

declaredA．同義句改寫①Eatingtoomuchcontributestoheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Eatingtoomuch________________________heartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.[答案]

resultsin/leadsto/isresponsiblefor/causesB．完成句子②Inadiscussiongroup，it'sveryimportant____________(每個(gè)人都貢獻(xiàn))whateverisintheirminds.[答案]

thateveryone(should)contribute選擇方框內(nèi)的短語填空putforward；putout；putaside；putaway；putoff①(2016·江西師大附中聯(lián)考改編)Consideringyoure,youshouldbeableto________________atleasttwentydollarsaweek.[答案]putaside②Farwaterdoesn't________________nearfire.[答案]

putout③Theassociationhas_____theevent______untilOctober.[答案]

put；off④Herbedwasneatlymade，herclothes__________.[答案]

putaway⑤ClassThreehas________________areasonableproposal.[答案]

putforward語法填空①(高考福建卷)__________________goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.[解析]

句意：除了好的服務(wù)，這家飯店還提供各種各樣的傳統(tǒng)的福建菜。apartfrom除……之外(還)，符合題意。[答案]

Apartfrom(Besides)②Allthestudentstookpartinthesportsmeeting________________Tom.[答案]

except/apartfrom③Except__________aminorillness,heseemstobeinexcellenthealth.[答案]

for語法填空①__________isnosenseinbuyingthatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.[答案]

There②—Canyoumakesense__________thispoem?—No,itmakes__________sense.[答案]

of；noA．用形容詞(短語)作狀語改寫句子①Shesuddenlyappearedandseemedhappyandsatisfied.__________________，shesuddenlyappeared.[答案]

Happyandsatisfied②Theboyranhomewithfearfullofhim.Theboyranhome，________________.[答案]

fulloffearB．語法填空③(2015·四川卷)LittleTomsat__________(amaze)watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontofhim.[解析]

句意：小湯姆吃驚地坐著，看猴子在他前面跳舞。根據(jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處用形容詞作狀語說明主語的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)為amazed。[答案]

amazed用onlyif和ifonly填空①(2015·東營模擬改編)—Ididn'tinvitehimtothepartybuthecameanywayandgotcompletelydrunk.—__________hehadn'tcome!Thepartycouldhavebeenasuccess.[解析]

考查Ifonly用法。Ifonly...!要是……就好了，其后的句子常用虛擬語氣。句意：“我沒邀請他參加聚會(huì)，但他卻來了，而且喝得酩酊大醉。”“要是他不來就好了，那樣聚會(huì)就會(huì)舉辦得很成功。”[答案]

Ifonly②__________Igetapart-timejobcanIhaveenoughmoneytogotoschool.[解析]

考查倒裝。根據(jù)內(nèi)容和其倒裝的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，只有用onlyif才能使句子通順。句意：我只有找到兼職工作才有足夠的錢上學(xué)。[答案]

Onlyif1．(2014·福建卷改編)Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalcomputerandthephoneareimportantinstaying__________(connect)．[解析]

句意：對那些與家人離得比較遠(yuǎn)的人來說，個(gè)人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面很重要。本句中的關(guān)鍵詞是stay(保持)，它是一個(gè)連系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語。connected是形容詞，意為“有聯(lián)系的，有來往的”，符合句意。[答案]

connected2．(2014·安徽卷改編)Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget________(promote),Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.[解析]

Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget________為Whilehewaswaitingfortheopportunitytoget________的省略，Henry與promote之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。此處是get用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，為“get＋過去分詞”。本題句意是：在等待機(jī)會(huì)被提拔(getpromoted)期間，亨利盡量履行好自己的職責(zé)。[答案]

promoted3．(2015·福建普高質(zhì)檢)Itissaidthatsixtypercentofallenergy__________(produce)intheworldtodayisbeinglostaswastedheat.[解析]

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：據(jù)說現(xiàn)在世界上生產(chǎn)的60%的能源正在以廢熱的形式流失。分析句子成分可知，produce與其邏輯主語energy之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用動(dòng)詞的-ed形式作定語。[答案]

producedⅠ.單句語法填空1．Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdo