初中英語(yǔ)中考復(fù)習(xí) 07-晨讀暮省-2021年中考英語(yǔ)考綱核心詞匯50天通關(guān)之拓展讀練測(cè)

07晨讀暮省-2021年中考英語(yǔ)考綱核心詞匯50天通關(guān)之拓展讀練測(cè)（一）詞匯晨讀入心1.choosev.選擇詞形變化：過(guò)去式chose，過(guò)去分詞chosen關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：choosefrom挑選，從……中選擇；choosebetweenAandB在A和B中做出選擇；choosetodosth.選擇做某事詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：choicen.選擇：makeachoice做出選擇；havenochoice別無(wú)選擇（2019，江蘇卷，短文填空）ForthefirstfewmonthsIchosetoeatinSichuanOrHunanstylerestaurantsinsteadofeatingmuch__16__food.16.A.fresh B.local C.Chinese D.frozen2.collectv.收集，聚集關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：collectinformation收集信息；collectstamps集郵詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：collectionn.收集，采集；收藏品：acollectionof（收藏的）一些，一批（2019，浙江卷，詞匯運(yùn)用）Whatshedoesiscalled"plogging",fortableadj.令人舒適的；感到舒服的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：makeoneselfcomfortable別拘束，別客氣；feelcomfortable感到舒服詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：comfortablyadv.舒適地；comfortn.舒適；安慰；v.安慰，使（痛苦）緩和（2019，山東卷，完形填空）RememberthatusuallyChinesepeoplewillnotopenthegiftinfrontofthepersonwhogives____11____.Toshowtherespect,itmaybe____12____toexplainwhatthegiftis.11.A.it B.them C.that12.A.necessary B.careful C.municatev.溝通，交流；交際；傳達(dá)關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：communicatewith與……交流；communicatein(English)用（英語(yǔ)）交流詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：communicationn.交流；通信，通訊：internationalcommunication國(guó)際交流（2019，北京卷，閱讀D）33.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toquestionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorage.B.Todiscussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachines.C.Tostresstheimportanceofimprovingourmemorizingability.D.Tparev.比較，對(duì)比eq\o\ac(○,1)compareAwithB“比較A和B”，側(cè)重二者的區(qū)別eq\o\ac(○,2)compareAtoB“把A比作B”，側(cè)重比喻，比擬，指出二者的相似關(guān)系eq\o\ac(○,3)comparedwith/to+名詞，“與……相比”，通常放在句首或句子中間，充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)成分。例如：Comparedwithcars,bikesaremoreenvironmental.與轎車相比，自行車更加環(huán)保。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：comparisonn.比較，對(duì)比：makeacomparison(betweenAandB)（在A和B之間）做比較；bycomparison比較起來(lái)；incomparisonwith…同……比較起來(lái)（2019，北京卷，完形）Myplanwasn’ttomakepromisestodothingsIcouldn’t___14___buttoshowmyclasswhyIwantedtobepresident.14.A.compare B.remember C.manage D.petitionn.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，比賽關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：sportscompetition運(yùn)動(dòng)競(jìng)賽；fair/unfaircompetition公平/不公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；incompetitionwith同……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：competev.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，比賽；competitorn.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者，對(duì)手；competitiveadj.有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的（2019，山東卷，單項(xiàng)填空）6.TheEnglishSpeechCompetitionthebestinher.Asaresult,sheismoreactivenow.A.checkedout B.triedout C.leftout D.pletev.完成，結(jié)束；adj.完成的，完整的作動(dòng)詞：Theworkshouldbecompletedinoneyear.這項(xiàng)工作應(yīng)該在一年內(nèi)完成。作形容詞：Thisisacompletestory.這是一個(gè)完整的故事。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：completionn.完成，結(jié)束；completedadj.完成的；completely=totallyadv.完全地，徹底地反義詞：incompleteadj.不完全的，不完整的（2019，江蘇卷，單項(xiàng)填空）3.-Keepquiet!Ineedcomplete__________whenI'mworking.-Sorry,dad.Iwon'tmakeanynoiseagain.A.trust B.silence C.control D.strength8.conditionn.條件，狀況關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：ingood/badcondition情況良好/糟糕；onconditionthat…在（某事發(fā)生）的條件下用法：當(dāng)用來(lái)表示“天氣”、“（居住、工作或做事情的）環(huán)境，境況”時(shí)，通常使用復(fù)數(shù)conditions。如：Theplantsgrowbestincool,dampconditions.這種植物最適合在陰涼、潮濕的環(huán)境下生長(zhǎng)。（2019，浙江卷，閱讀D）Carlmadefriendswiththecorrespondents,andgotMillet'sconditionreportedtoEnglandandalloverthecontinent,andAmerica,andeverywhere.9.connectv.連接，把……聯(lián)系起來(lái)eq\o\ac(○,1)connectAwithB表示“把A和B聯(lián)系起來(lái)（或連接在一起）”，A和B之間不分主次；eq\o\ac(○,2)connectAtoB表示“把A連接到B上”，通常以A為主，以B為輔；eq\o\ac(○,3)通?？捎胊nd代替介詞with或to，變成connectAandB的形式。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：connectionn.關(guān)系，連接；connectedadj.有關(guān)聯(lián)的：be(closely)connectedwith與……（緊密）相關(guān)（2019，江蘇卷，完形）However,afterfallinginlovewiththecity.Icametorealizethatthefoodissoclosely___17___withitslocalculture.17.A.connected B.covered C.compared D.charged10.considerv.考慮，認(rèn)為關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：considerdoingsth.考慮做某事；considersth.as…把某事看作……詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：considerationn.考慮：oconsideration=considersth.考慮某事；inconsiderationof…考慮到……，顧及……（2019，江蘇卷，閱讀D）Infact,Ithinkagardenisareallybadidea.Idon'tknowwhywe'reevenconsideringit.11.continuev.繼續(xù)eq\o\ac(○,1)continuewithsth.繼續(xù)做某事，with后面接名詞eq\o\ac(○,2)continuedoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事，指繼續(xù)做同一件事eq\o\ac(○,3)continuetodosth.繼續(xù)做某事，指一件事做完后，繼續(xù)做另一件事比較：Afterdrinkingacupofcoffee,Icontinuedtodomyhomework.（喝咖啡之前我是在做別的事而不是做作業(yè)）Afterdrinkingacupofcoffee,Icontinueddoingmyhomework.（喝咖啡之前我在做作業(yè)但沒(méi)做完，喝完以后繼續(xù)做）同義詞：continue=goon（2019，浙江卷，完形）Shetriedtofinishthesong,buttheaudience(觀眾)begantowhistleandgotangry.Mrs.Chaplincouldnotcontinueanylongerandwalked___7___thestagecrying.7.A.onto B.off C.towards D.around12.correctv.糾正，改正；adj.正確的，對(duì)的同義詞：rightadj.正確的，對(duì)的反義詞：wrongadj.錯(cuò)誤的；incorrectadj.不正確的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：correctlyadv.錯(cuò)誤地；correctnessn.正確性；correctionn.糾正（2019，山東卷，閱讀表達(dá)）Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.13.costv.花費(fèi)，值（多少錢(qián)）；n.價(jià)格詞形變化：過(guò)去式cost，過(guò)去分詞cost關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：atthecostof以……為代價(jià)；atallcosts不惜任何代價(jià)；atanycost無(wú)論如何動(dòng)詞用法：表示“花費(fèi)”的三個(gè)動(dòng)詞spend、cost和take的區(qū)別：eq\o\ac(○,1)spend的主語(yǔ)必須是“人”，賓語(yǔ)可以是錢(qián)，精力，時(shí)間等，其后接on(for)+名詞或用in(可省)+動(dòng)名詞；eq\o\ac(○,2)cost可用于表示花時(shí)間和金錢(qián)，其主語(yǔ)一般是“物”或“事”，表示“花費(fèi)”、“耗費(fèi)”；eq\o\ac(○,3)take常用于“占用、花費(fèi)”時(shí)間，其主語(yǔ)通常為形式主語(yǔ)“it”或某物。句式是：Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.=Sth.takessb.sometime.（2019，山東卷，單項(xiàng)填空）25.RoyworksinLondon.It_________himabouthalfanhourtogettoworkbybuseveryday.A.costs B.spends C.takes14.createv.創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作；造成，產(chǎn)生同義詞：produce，make詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：creationn.創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作；產(chǎn)物，作品；creativeadj.創(chuàng)新的，有創(chuàng)造性的：creativepower創(chuàng)造力；creativethinking創(chuàng)新思維（2019，山東卷，單項(xiàng)填空）24.Aroundtheworld,300milliontonsofplastic_____________eachyear,ofwhichabout10percentendsupinthesea.A.iscreated B.wascreated C.creates15.culturen.文化，文明關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：traditionalculture傳統(tǒng)文化；westernculture西方文化；localculture本土文化；popularculture流行文化，大眾文化；詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：culturaladj.文化的，文化上的（2019，浙江卷，詞匯填空）40.Moreandmorepeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofspreadingour_____________(傳統(tǒng)的)culture.16.cutv.切，剪，削，割；n.切，割；傷口；理發(fā)詞形變化：過(guò)去式cut，過(guò)去分詞cut，現(xiàn)在分詞cutting動(dòng)詞詞組：cutoff切斷，中斷；cutdown砍到；削減；cutin插嘴，插入；cutup切碎名詞詞組：powercut停電，供電中斷關(guān)聯(lián)單詞：shortcutn.捷徑；haircutn.理發(fā)；發(fā)型（2019，山東卷，詞形轉(zhuǎn)換）67.Haveyouevercutyourfingerontheedge(邊緣)ofabookpage?Thesmallcutonyourfingerisso_____________.(pain)17.dailyadj.每日的，日常的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：dailylife日常生活；dailyuse日用品；onadailybasis按日，每天其它詞性：eq\o\ac(○,1)作adv.：daily=everyday每日，每天eq\o\ac(○,2)作n.：表示“日?qǐng)?bào)”：ChinaDaily中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)（2019，浙江卷，單項(xiàng)填空）9.-Couldyoutellme____________________?-YouwillstaywithanEnglishfamilyandtakepartintheirdailylife.A.whenIshouldpayforthecourse B.whatthebestpartofthecourseisC.howlongtheshortestcourselasts D.whereIcangosightseeingafterclass18.dangerousadj.危險(xiǎn)的，有危害的關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：dangerousgoods危險(xiǎn)物品；dangeroussituation危險(xiǎn)處境詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：dangern.危險(xiǎn)，威脅：indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中；endangerv.危及，使遭受危害（2019年，山東卷，單項(xiàng)填空）20.Arecentsurveyshowsthat44percentofAmericanswanttouseself-drivingcars,_________34percentbelievethattheywillmaketheroadsmoredangerous.A.although B.because C.if19.dealv.交易；n.買賣；量，數(shù)額動(dòng)詞詞組：dealwith…和……做生意；處理，應(yīng)對(duì)名詞詞組：agood/greatdealof大量；abigdeal大人物，了不起的人/事；makeadealwith同……達(dá)成交易（2019年，北京卷，閱讀C）Forexample,onthewayhome,focusyourattentionoutsideofyourself,insteadofthinkingabouttheproblemsyouhavetodealwith.20.decidev.決定，下決心關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：decideonsth.決定（選定）……；decidetodosth.決定做某事詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：decisionn.決定，決心：makeadecision做決定（2019年，北京卷，完形）Twomonthsago,whenourclasselection(選舉)started,Idecidedtorunforclasspresident.21.dependv.依靠，依賴；取決于關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：dependon/uponsb./sth.依靠/依賴……；取決于……，視……而定用法：在口語(yǔ)中可以用It(all)depends或Thatdepends表示“那得看情況”。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：dependentadj.依賴的（反義詞：independent）；dependencen.依賴，依靠（2019年，山東卷，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用）Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyouare.22.diev.死亡，去世詞形變化：過(guò)去式died，過(guò)去分詞died，現(xiàn)在分詞dying關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：dieout滅絕用法：表示死亡的原因，可以使用介詞of或者from，二者的大致區(qū)別：eq\o\ac(○,1)dieof通常表示死于與身體之上/之內(nèi)的原因，如疾病，饑餓：dieofcancereq\o\ac(○,2)diefrom通常表示環(huán)境等外部因素引起的死亡，如事故：diefromatrafficaccident詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：deathn.死亡；deadadj.死亡的，去世的（2019年，山東卷，詞形轉(zhuǎn)換）68.Thereareabout6,000'languagesthatarespokenaroundtheworld,but43%ofthemaredyingout.Ifno_________istaken,someoftheselanguageswilldisappear.(act)23.directadj.直接的，直率的；v.指揮，指導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)演（電影）關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：adirectflight直飛航班詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：directlyadv.直接；directionn.方向；指導(dǎo)；directorn.導(dǎo)演；directiven.偵探反義詞：indirectadj.間接的（2019年，重慶卷，短文填空）You’vebeenhereinChinaforafewdays,andyoumaynoticethatChinesepeoplecansometimesbeverydirect.24.dividev.分，劃分關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：divide…into把……分成；dividesth.between/among…在……之間分配/分享某物用法：表示除法運(yùn)算時(shí)，可以用divideAbyB，如：21dividedby3is7.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：dividedadj.分裂的，分開(kāi)的；有分歧的；divisionn.分割，劃分；除法；部門(mén)，分支（2019年，湖北卷，完形）Whathappensifthere’satopicthatyoustilldon’t46understand?You’dbetterhaveawebsiteortwothatyoucan47tosearchasubject.46.A.normally B.gradually C.completely D.politely47.A.imagine B.use C.knock D.divide25.doubtn&v.懷疑，疑慮動(dòng)詞用法：eq\o\ac(○,1)doubt+名詞/代詞：Idoubthiswords.我懷疑他說(shuō)的話。eq\o\ac(○,2)否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，doubt可接that從句：Idon’tdoubtthathecanfinishthetaskontime.我相信他能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)eq\o\ac(○,3)肯定句中，doubt一般接if/whether從句：Idoubtwhetherhecanfinishthetaskontime.我懷疑他能否按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。名詞用法：Thereisnodoubtthat毋庸置疑；no/without/beyonddoubt無(wú)疑地詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：doubtfuladj.懷疑的；可疑的（2019年，安徽卷，單項(xiàng)填空）2.Youcanseethe_____inourfaceswhenwetalkaboutthegreatachievementsinthepast70years.A.doubt B.pride C.regret D.ability26.drawv.繪畫(huà)，繪制；拉，拖；提?。ㄥX(qián)）詞形變化：過(guò)去式drew，過(guò)去分詞drawn關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：drawapicture畫(huà)一幅畫(huà)；drawsomemoney取一些錢(qián)；drawone’sattention吸引某人的注意詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：drawingn.繪畫(huà)，圖畫(huà)，圖紙；drawern.抽屜（2019年，浙江卷，閱讀A）Hewantedtodrawapictureofit,buthewasn'tsurehowtospell"dachshund,sohesimplywrote"HotDog".（二）暮省練習(xí)鞏固一.寫(xiě)出這些單詞的漢語(yǔ)意義。

1.cake_________2.came__________

3.capital_________4.careful________

5.certain_________6.chance_________

7.child__________8.choose__________

9.clearly__________10.climb_________

11.close___________12.coin____________

13.collect_________14.company________

15.copy__________16.cost___________

17.cough_________18.could___________

19.cross___________

二.按要求寫(xiě)出下列詞匯的變化形式。

1.cake___________（復(fù)數(shù)形式）2.came_______(第三人稱單數(shù)形式）

3.careful__________(改為副詞)

4.certain_________(改為副詞)

5.child____________(復(fù)數(shù)形式)

6.choose_________(過(guò)去式)_________(過(guò)去分詞)

7.climb___________（現(xiàn)在分詞）

8.close_________(現(xiàn)在分詞)

9.collect___________(改為名詞)

10.company_________(復(fù)數(shù)形式)

11.cost____________(過(guò)去式)___________(過(guò)去分詞)

12.cough__________(第三人稱單數(shù)形式)

13.could___________（動(dòng)詞原形）

14.cross___________(現(xiàn)在分詞)___________(第三人稱單數(shù)形式)

三.根據(jù)句意，用所給詞匯的正確形式填空。

1.Herearetwo_______(cake).Youcaneateitherofthem.

2.Didyou_______(come)toJim’sbirthdayparty?

3.Somecountryhadtwo________(capital).

4.Heisa_________(care)manandhedoeseverythingvery_______(careful).5.I’m_________(certainly)IwillbetherefortheOlympicGamesin2008.

6.Afterschool,many________(child)areplayingintheground.

7.Mr.Smith_________(choose)tobeanengineerafterhegraduatedfromthecollege.

8.Wecanseethehighestbuilding________(clear)inalongdistance.

9._______(climb)thehighmountainisnoteasyforeveryone.

10.Weshould_______(close)thefactorybecauseitpollutedtheriver.

11.Helikes________(collect)andhehasmanykindsof_______(coin).

12.Therearemany________(company)oneachsideofthestreet.

13.Idon’tlikemyfriendwho_______(copy)everythingIdo.

14.Thatcoat________(cost)me2,000yuan.

15.Ihavehadabad_______(cough)and________(cough)dayandnight._______(can)youhelpmedothechores?

四.根據(jù)短文意思及首字母，寫(xiě)出合乎句意的單詞。

Whenwetalkaboutthefood,wealwaysthinkofthefoodinBeijing,C______(1)ofChina.Therearemanykindsoffavoritefoodsthere.Theyarealldelicious,especiallyc______(2).Ifyouhaveac______(3)toc_______(4)toBeijing.Ithinkyou’rec_______(5)totastethem.

Theworkersusuallyc__________(6)goodmaterialsbeforetheymakethem.Thentheymakethemc__________(7).EachkindofBeijingcakesisoriginalanditdoesn’tc______(8)others.Butthecakesareverycheapandtheycan’tc________(9)youmuchmoney.Someevencostyouafewc_______(10).Manyoldpeopleandc_________(11)likeBeijingCakesverymuch..Soeverymorning,youc________(12)seemanypeoplec_________(13)thestreettobuythem.Someofthemeatthemintherestaurant,otherstakethemawayinapaperbag.C部分參考答案

一.1.蛋糕、糕；2.來(lái)；3.省會(huì)、首都；4.小心的、細(xì)心的；5.確實(shí)的、無(wú)疑的；6.機(jī)會(huì)、機(jī)遇；7.小孩；8.選擇；9.清楚地、明顯地；10.攀登、爬；11.關(guān)閉；12.錢(qián)幣、硬幣；13.收集、搜集；14.公司；15.復(fù)制、抄襲；16.價(jià)值、花；17.咳嗽；18.能、會(huì)、可以；19.穿過(guò)、橫過(guò)、越過(guò)

二.1.cakes;2.comes;3.carefully;4.certainly;5.children;6.chose;chosen;7.climbing;8.closing;9.collection;10.companies;11.cost;cost;12.coughs;13.can;14.crossing;crosses

三.1.cakes;2.come;3.capitals;4.careful;carefully;5.certain;6.children;7.chose;8.clearly;9.Climbing;10.close;11.colleciong;coins;12.companies;13.copies;14.cost;15.cough;cough;Could

四.1.Capital.2.cakes;3.chance;4.come;5.certain;6.choose;7.carefully;8.copy;9.cost;10.coins;11.children;12.could;13.crossingD部分練習(xí)

一.寫(xiě)出這些單詞的漢語(yǔ)意義。

1.danger__________2.dark___________

3.decision___________

4.discover___________5.door___________

6.dress_____________7.