elizabethbishop伊麗莎白大主教

會計學1elizabethbishop伊麗莎白大主教Herfirstattendedschool

第1頁/共17頁Introduction

Americanpoet(lesbianpoet),short-storywriter,teacheratseveraluniversitiesthePoetLaureateoftheUnitedStates(1949-1950)thePulitzerPrizewinnerforPoetry(1956)theNationalBookAwardwinner(1970)amongothers.第2頁/共17頁Introduction:HerearlyyearsTheonlychildinthefamily.receivedalittleformalschooling.Herfatherdiedwhenshewaseightmonthsold,hermotherbecamementallyillandremainedinanasylumuntilherdeathin1934,shelivedwithhergrandparentsonafarm.

第3頁/共17頁Introduction:HerearlyyearsIn1918hergrandparentssenthertolivewithhermother'soldestsister,MaudBoomerShepherdson,andherhusbandGeorge.Thisexperienceisbrieflychronicledinherpoem"InTheWaitingRoom."ThereshewasintroducedtotheworksofVictorianpoets,includingAlfred,LordTennyson,ThomasCarlyle,RobertBrowning,andElizabethBarrettBrowning.第4頁/共17頁EarlyinfluenceGreatlyinfluencedbythepoetMarianneMoore.(closemicroscopicinspectionofexperience.)SheandRobertLowellweregoodfriends,andinfluencedeachother'spoetry.(His"SkunkHour",whichwasmodeledonher“TheArmadillo.”)第5頁/共17頁Hermajorworks

North&South(1946)(includingimportantpoemslike"TheMan-Moth"and"TheFish".Poems:NorthandSouth—AColdSpring(1955)第6頁/共17頁HermajorworksTheCompletePoems(1969)GeographyIII(1977)(includingoftenanthologizedpoemslike"IntheWaitingRoom"and"OneArt."TheCompletePoems,1927-1979(1983).

TheCollectedProse(1984)(includingheressaysandshortstories)

EdgarAllanPoe&theJuke-box:UncollectedPoems,Drafts,andFragments(2006)第7頁/共17頁Literarystyle1.keenobservationandminutedetails,andobjective,distantpointofview.(IncontrasttoconfessionalpoetslikeRobertLowellandJohnBerrymanwhodescribetheintimatedetailsoftheirpersonallives)2.theminutereflectthesignificant;Symbolicmeaning第8頁/共17頁IntheWaitingRoom第9頁/共17頁IntheWaitingRoomTheStory"IntheWaitingRoom"beginswiththespeaker,Elizabeth,sittinginthewaitingroomatthedentist'sofficeonadarkwinterafternooninMassachusetts.Whileshewaitsforheraunt,whoisseeingthedentist,Elizabethlooksaroundandseesthattheroomisfilledwithadults.Tokeepherselfoccupied,shereadsacopyofNationalGeographicmagazine.Shelooksatpicturesofvolcanoes,famousexplorers,andpeopleverydifferentfromherself(includingnakedblackwomen),andisscaredbywhatshereadsandsees.第10頁/共17頁IntheWaitingRoomTheStorySuddenly,shehearsacryofpainfromherauntinthedentist'soffice,andsaysthatsherealizesthat"itwasme"–thatthecrywascomingfromheraunt,butalsofromherself.Sheimaginesthatsheandherauntarethesameperson,andthattheyarefalling.Inanattempttocalmdown,Elizabethsaystoherselfthatsheisjustabouttoturnsevenyearsold.Shecomparesherselftotheadultsinthewaitingroom,andwondersifsheisoneof"them."Sheseemstorealizethatsheis,andlookingaround,saysthat"nothing/strangercouldeverhappen."第11頁/共17頁IntheWaitingRoomTheThemes1.Themomentofawakeningconsciousnessortheself(youareanI,anElizabeth)sheassertsherownidentity.SheisElizabeth;shewillbesevenyearsoldinthreedays.Stillsheismovedbythemysteryofidentity.Whyshouldshebewhosheis?第12頁/共17頁IntheWaitingRoomThemes2.therecognitionofherseparationfrom,andidentitywith,herworld,atoncefindingandlosingher"self."Herbirthorawakeningcomeswithascreamfrominsidethedentist'sofficethatisalsothevoiceofthechildinthewaitingroom,since"inside"says"either."Elizabeththenquestionsherbasichumanity,andasksaboutthesimilaritiesbetweenherselfandothers.Whatarethesimilaritiesbetweenherselfandheraunt?Betweenherselfandthenakedwomeninthemagazine?第13頁/共17頁IntheWaitingRoomThemes3SenseofrealityorofhistorySheremembersthatWorldWarIisstillgoingon,thatshe'sstillinMassachusetts,andthatit'sstillacoldandslushynightinFebruary,1918.4.senseofalienationoftheworldandofpeople第14頁/共17頁IntheWaitingRoomArtisticfeatures1.seemingauthenticityandminutedetailsThepicturesofthewomenbothfascinateandhorrifythechild;shestaresattheirnakedbreastsandatthewireadornmentsbindingtheirnecks.Atthatmoment,shehearsheraunt’ssoftgaspfromthedentist’soffice,andsheismovedbyaseries