Unit 1 名詞性從句學(xué)案 -高中英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

名詞性從句名詞性從句，就是句法功能與名詞相同的從句，也就是在整個(gè)句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)的從句。1._____hasbeenannouncedisthatwemusthandinourgraduationpapersbeforetheendofJune.2.Everythingdependson_______wehavemoney.3.Thatis_____hedidn’tcometothemeeting.4.Thenews____wewonthegamewasexciting.歸納：引導(dǎo)詞選擇原則：一找找從句二查從句缺什么三選選連接詞（意義，成分）1.(2017廣東)Cursingmymisfortune,IwaswonderingwhereIwasgoingtospendthenightwhenIrealizedthatthevillagerswerearguingasto_____shouldhavethehonourofreceivingmeasaguestintheirhouse.2.(2015全國(guó)Ⅱ卷-單句改錯(cuò))Heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.注意：Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsthereareinyourclass?Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatwasthematter.規(guī)律：名詞性從句中須使用陳述語(yǔ)序！重難點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)1.that引導(dǎo)名從不能省略的情況2.whether/if引導(dǎo)名從的異同3.what/that引導(dǎo)名從的區(qū)別4.wh-ever與nomatterwh-，who，what的用法區(qū)別5.名從中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣6.關(guān)于賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)7.it做形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)一、that引導(dǎo)名從不能省略的情況1.that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句，同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能省略2.當(dāng)一個(gè)主句有兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列的賓從時(shí)，引導(dǎo)第二個(gè)和以后幾個(gè)從句的that不省略。Myunclesays(that)hehasservedherefor20yearsandthatheisgoingtoretirenextmonth.

3.由it作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)的賓從中that不能省略。Weallconsideritimportantthatchildrenshouldtakeplentyofmilkastheygrow.4.作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)(except,but,in,besides,其他介詞不能直接引導(dǎo)that賓從)Peterisagoodstudentexceptthatheissometimescareless.練一練:that/(that)Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.

2.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.

3.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.

4.Thenews________ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.

5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshouldreadEnglishaloud.

6.Hetoldme__________hisfatherhaddiedand__________hehadtomakealivingalone.難點(diǎn)二、只能使用whether的情況：主表同介后，todoornota.主語(yǔ)從句并在句首b.表語(yǔ)從句c.同位語(yǔ)從句d.介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句If表-是否-常用于動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句e.直接加動(dòng)詞不定式只能用whether（todo）f.whetherornot直接連用時(shí)不用ifg.discuss后練一練if/whether

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.

3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

4.___________sheismarriedIdon’tknow.

5.Itmatterslittle________helikesitornot.

6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.

7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

8.Idon’tknow_______togo.難點(diǎn)三、what/that/which引導(dǎo)名從的區(qū)別1.BysuccessIdon'tmean____isusuallythoughtofwhenthatwordisused.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

5.Is_____hetoldustrue?

6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.

7.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.8.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter______itwas?

總結(jié)：句法功能省略That:what：難點(diǎn)四、what,whatever,who(m),who(m)ever,nomatterwh-

完成句子：1.Hewants_______________________________________(我擁有的任何東西).2.____________________________________(無(wú)論我擁有什么),hewantsthemall.3.__________________________________(任何想看那部電影的人)maygetaticketfree.4.__________________________________(無(wú)論誰(shuí)想看那部電影),hemaygetaticketfree.5.__________________hastakenawaymybagisunknown.總結(jié)：___________________等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不含有疑問(wèn)意義，相當(dāng)于名詞后加一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，anyonewho,thepersonwho帶有任意性,而____________等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句含有疑問(wèn)意義,帶有唯一性。。wh-ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；而nomatterwh-只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。難點(diǎn)五、名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣it作形式主語(yǔ)的主從中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Itis+形容詞/過(guò)去分詞+that...+(should)do形容詞:important,necessary,natural,strange…表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語(yǔ)氣過(guò)去分詞:suggested,advised,proposed,recommended,ordered,demanded,required,requested…(1)Itwasnecessarythatwe(should)makeeverythingreadyaheadoftime.(2)Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.2.賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表示要求、命令、建議等動(dòng)詞后的賓從中，其謂語(yǔ)部分用(should)do.一堅(jiān)持insist二命令order,command三建議advise,suggest,propose四要求demand,desire,request,requireinsist“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)，固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)”不虛擬suggest“暗示，表明”不虛擬(1)Thecaptainorderedallthepeople(should)leavequicklyonebyone.(2)Thedoctoradvisedthepatient(should)besenttoabetterhospitalimmediately.3.表從和同位從中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在order,suggestion,advice,proposal,requirement,request,desire等名詞后面的表從和同位從中，其謂語(yǔ)部分用(should)+do.(1)Myproposalisthatallthefamilymembers(should)takeatriptoHainaninthisSpringFestival.(2)Wouldyoupleaseconsideroursuggestionthatwe(should)begivenmorefreedominourstudylife?難點(diǎn)六、關(guān)于賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問(wèn)題1.如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時(shí)態(tài).a.他相信他的夢(mèng)想總有一天會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的.Hebelieves_________________________.b.請(qǐng)告訴我你昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候在干什么.Pleasetellme____________________如果主句謂語(yǔ)是過(guò)去時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài),但從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然規(guī)律等時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。他告訴我他正在為考試做準(zhǔn)備。Hetoldme______________________.他說(shuō)他已離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)十年了。Hetoldme______________________.老師告訴我們光是沿直線傳播的。Theteachertoldus______________________難點(diǎn)六、同位語(yǔ)從句用that/whether/where/how填空Ihavenoidea_________hecomesfrom.

2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion________hegotthemoney.

3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions________weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.

4.Ihavenodoubt________hewillwin.

5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.1.同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞:that,whether,how,when,where,why等引導(dǎo)。that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句前面的抽象名詞常見(jiàn)的有:idea,fact,news,belief,thought,doubt,suggestion;proof,message,order,conclusion,desire,theory,truth,word等.2.同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別:如果that作從句中的某一成分,則是定語(yǔ)從句,如果that不作從句中的任何成分,則是同位語(yǔ)從句.例:(1)Ihadnoideathatitwassolate.(主系表結(jié)構(gòu),that不作從句中的成分,同位語(yǔ)從句)(2)Istillremembertheplacethatwevisitedlastyear.(主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),that作從句賓語(yǔ),定語(yǔ)從句)同位語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)易判斷方法：我們可以在名詞和從句之間加be,使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)新句子，如果合乎邏輯，句子通順，則是同位語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句是不能用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與從句連接起來(lái)的。eg:Thebeliefthattheearthisflatisstillheldinsomecountries.練習(xí)：判斷：定語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句1.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany.2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportiscoming.難點(diǎn)8it做形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)it作形式主語(yǔ)1.itis+adj.(obvious,true,possible,likely,natural,surprising,certain,important...)that從句2.itis+nowonder難怪,anhonour,ashame,apity,nosurprise,acomfort,commonknowledge常識(shí)+that從句3.itis+thought,said,reported,expected,announced,believed,acknowledged+that從句4.it+seem,happen,turnout,appear,occur+that從句5.Itdoesn’tmatter/makesnodifferencewhether…6.ittakessbsthtodosth.7.itisworthwhiletodo/doingsthit作形式賓語(yǔ)(1)make/find/feel/consider/thinkit+adj/n+that…/todo…(2)it指代后面從句所敘述的內(nèi)容，常用于這些動(dòng)詞后,like/dislike/love/hate+it后常跟when從句;appreciate+it后常跟if或when從句eg:Ihate/dislikeitwhen…Iwouldappreciateitif…(3)depend/countonitthat…指望…seetoitthat…務(wù)必使Legendhasitthat...takeitforgrantedthat...ThemainsentencestructuresinNounClause名詞性從句?？季湫蚖hat…isthatwhether…dependsItis+pp/n.thatItstruck/hit/occurtosbtodo/thatTakeitforgrantedthatIwouldappreciateitifyoucoulddosth.Ifeel/thinkit+adj/n+todo/doing/thatThereason(why…)isthatIholdthebelief/opinionthatThereisnodoubt/denyingthatitgoeswithoutsayingthatThereisachance/possibilitythat(chancesarethat…..Itislikelythat…)練習(xí)：Dearteachers，_______makesusdepressed_________wewillgraduatefromLianYuanSeniorSchool.Thereasonwhywearesosadis_______wewillsaygoodbyetoourlovelyteachersandclassmates.Thedayswespenttogetherarefullofjoysandtears.________youarealwayssostrictwithusmademehateyou.However,youarealsoreadytogiveyourhandto__________turnstoyouforhelp.Nowweunderstand________youhavetriedtodoforus.________youdoandsayisofgreathelptous.Wedon’tcareabout___________wecansurvivethestruggleNationalEntranceExamornot.___________wecherishis_____________wehaveenjoyedtheprocess.Thanksforyourteaching!Bestwishes!單句改錯(cuò)(2019四川遂寧)TheysayitissofarawaythattheywillnotseemeforawholeyearandtheyareafraidwhatIwillfeellonely.(2021貴州貴陽(yáng))Onedaythebakerdecidedtoweighthebuttertoseethathewasgettingapoundandhefoundthathewasnot.(2020福建漳州)Itisnotdifferentfromthatyou’regoingthroughno