初中英語語法-非謂語動詞練習(xí)題_第1頁
初中英語語法-非謂語動詞練習(xí)題_第2頁
初中英語語法-非謂語動詞練習(xí)題_第3頁
初中英語語法-非謂語動詞練習(xí)題_第4頁
初中英語語法-非謂語動詞練習(xí)題_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩53頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

初中英語語法EnglishGrammar語態(tài)非謂語動詞動詞的語態(tài)(Voices語態(tài)有兩種:主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成1)被動語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成形式主語+助動詞be+過去分詞2)被動語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)被動語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)通過助動詞be的變化來體現(xiàn)。這個(gè)助動詞必須與主語的人稱和數(shù)相一致?,F(xiàn)以do為例,將被動語態(tài)常用時(shí)態(tài)列表如下:般時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在am\is\aredoneam\is\arebeingdonehas\havebeendone過去was'weredonewas\werebeingdonehadbeendone將來shall'willbedoneshall\willhavebeendone過去將來should'wouldbedoneshould\wouldhavebeendone3)各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)e.g.Thelightsareusuallyturnedonat6:30.一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)e.g.Ourhousewasbuiltin1979.一般將來時(shí)的被動語態(tài)e.g.Thisquestionwillbeansweredbyourheadmaster.過去將來時(shí)的被動語態(tài)e.g.Iknewtheroomwouldbecleaned.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)e.g.Yourbicycleisbeingrepairednow.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)e.g.Themanwasbeingquestionedbythepolice.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)e.g.Mycarhasbeenrepaired.過去完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)e.g.Iheardshehadalreadybeensenttohospital.4)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞e.g.Thismustbedoneassoonaspossible.5)有些短語動詞的被動語態(tài)有些短語動詞,如動詞+介詞”動詞+副詞”動詞+名詞+介詞”其作用相當(dāng)于及物動詞,也可以由被動語態(tài)。在被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中,介詞或副詞不可丟掉,且其位置不變。e.g.Mybrother'Ssctakfencareofbymymother.6)含有兩個(gè)賓語的被動語態(tài)在多數(shù)情況下,把間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,而把直接賓語保留下來。e.g.Shewastoldalongstory.7)含有復(fù)合賓語的被動語態(tài)把賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語e.g.ThechildwasnamedTom.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)1)兩種語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)對比(箭頭表示動作方向)f<主動語態(tài)e.g.Hev主語(動作發(fā)岀者)謂語(及物動詞)賓語(動作承受者)vrotetheletter.主語(動作承受者)謂語(be+過去分詞)賓語(動作發(fā)岀者)被動語態(tài)e.g.Theletterwaswrittenbyhim.2)主動句變被動句的基本步驟把主動句的賓語作為被動句的主語把主動句的謂語改為“be該動詞的過去分詞”形式,做被動句的謂語,注意be要根據(jù)主語的人稱、數(shù)和該句的時(shí)態(tài)要求保持一致主動句的主語改為by的賓語,有時(shí)可省略“by主語”3)主動句變被動句的基本句式r■主動句:主語+助動詞(情態(tài)動詞)+謂語+賓語e.g.Wewilldothatexperimentnexttime.被動句:主語(原賓語)+助動詞(情態(tài)動詞)+be+過去分詞+by+原主語e.g.Thatexperimentwillbedonebyusnexttime.‘主動句:主語+短語動詞+賓語e.g.Thenursetakesgoodcareofus.被動句:主語(原賓語)+be+短語動詞的過去分詞形式+by+原主語e.g.Wearetakengoodcareofbythenurse.'主動句:主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語e.g.Wegavehimsomemagazines.被動句:主語(間接賓語)+be+過去分詞+直接賓語主語(直接賓語)+be+過去分詞+to(for)+間接賓語e.g.Hewasgivensomemagazines(byus).\Somemagazinesweregiventohim(byus).【注】一般將主動句中表示人的間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z「主動句:主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語e.g.TheychoseTomcaptain.被動句:主語(原賓語)+謂語+原賓語補(bǔ)足語e.g.Tomwaschosencaptain.【注】如主動句中賓語補(bǔ)足語是不帶to的不定式,變成被動語態(tài)后要加toe.g.Isawhimgotothechurch.Hewasseertogotothechurch.被動語態(tài)的用法英語中,何時(shí)情況下才使用被動語態(tài)的舉例1)不知道動作的執(zhí)行者,只知道承受者的情況e.g.SilkisproducedinSuzhou.2)不必說出動作的執(zhí)行者的情況e.g.Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.3)需要突出和強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者的情況e.g.Sheislikedbyeveryone.【注】①不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài),女口:happen,take,pleasedisappear等e.g.這件事發(fā)生在1989年。(Wrong)Thiswashappenedin1989.(Right)Thishappenedin1989.②有些動詞,如:have,feel,hold,become,rise,look,sound,seem等只能著眼于表示狀態(tài)而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作,一般不用于被動語態(tài)中。e.g.樹變綠了。(Wrong)Thetreeshavebeenbecomegreen.(Right)Thetreeshavebecomegreen.被動語態(tài)和連系動詞+表語(過去分詞)”的區(qū)別被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞是動詞,表動作;系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞,表狀態(tài)。前者可用by短語表示動作的執(zhí)行者,后者則一般不用by短語。比較:Thisbookwaswrittenlastyear.Theglasswasbrokenby廠=mysister.*這本書是去年寫的。(被動語態(tài))'玻璃杯是我妹妹打破的。(被動語態(tài))TheglassisThisbookwaswellwritten.Theglassisbroken.這本書寫得很好。(系表結(jié)構(gòu))構(gòu))這本書寫得很好。(系表結(jié)構(gòu))構(gòu))玻璃杯破了。(系表結(jié)************************************************************************【中考真題欣賞】【2010遼寧沈陽】5—Haveyoujoinedinadragonboatrace?—Yes,Ihave.A.neverB.stillC.seldomD.ever答案D【解析】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),ever曾經(jīng)。句意:你曾經(jīng)參加過龍周賽嗎?故答案選D【2010遼寧沈陽】7.Tomorrowthere'saprogrammeaboutourschoolonT,henitbymillionsofpeople.A.willseeB.sawC.willbeseenD.wasseen答案:C【解析】根據(jù)句意,此句應(yīng)用被動語態(tài),又本句是將來時(shí),故答案選C。【2010遼寧沈陽】11.—Whereyoulunch?—Athome.TherewasnoschooIlunchA.did;haveB.are;havingC.will;haveD.do;have答案:A【解析】根據(jù)答語,此句應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí),故答案選A?!?010湖北襄樊】--ItheGreatWallnextweek--Haveagoodtrip!A.visitB.visitedC.amvisitingD.havevisited答案C【解析】nextweek是將來時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來,故答案選C?!?010湖北襄樊】38.--IwenttoseeyouyesterdayeveningButyouweren'.tirWherewereyouthen?--I___awalkbythelakewithmyhusbandA.washavingB.amhavingC.havehadD.have答案A【解析】當(dāng)兩個(gè)一長一短的動作,在過去某時(shí)某地同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí),用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示較長的動作,根據(jù)句意,故答案應(yīng)選A【2010湖北襄樊】39.--Whatadeanandbrightclassroomisn'?t--Yes,it'salwayscleanandbrightbecaueveryday.A.cleansB.cleanedC.iscleanedD.wascleaned答案C【解析】根據(jù)句意,教室干凈整潔是因?yàn)樗刻毂淮驋撸视帽粍诱Z態(tài),又因everyday是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志,故答案選C。【2010山東東營】35.HetoDongyingmanytimes,soheknowseverycornerofit.A.wentB.willgoC.hasgoneD.hasbeen答案C【2010安徽省卷】47.--Whydidn'tyougotothecinemawithusthisafternoon?--IatthestationformyunclefromBeijing.monthmonth過去的時(shí)間狀語,所以用過去時(shí)態(tài);又加有forthreedays一段A.waswaitingA.waswaitingB.havewaitedC.amwaitingD.willwait答案:A【解析】動詞時(shí)態(tài)。上句提供過去的語言環(huán)境:今天下午你為什么沒和我們一起看電影啊,所以下句要用:我一直在等”從北京來的我叔叔,因此用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。所以選答案A.【2010安徽省卷】44.--Areyougoingtotheparty?--No,becauseI.A.haveaskedB.haven'taskedC.havebeenaskedD.haven'tbeenasked答案:D【解析】被動語態(tài)。回答不去參加晚會是因?yàn)槲覜]有被邀請”,用被動語態(tài),并且是否定式。所以選擇答案D.【2010安徽省卷】41.--HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai,Mary?--Yes.Ithereforthreeclayswithmyparentslast'month.A.havegoneB.havebeenC.wentD.was答案:D【解析】動詞時(shí)態(tài)。雖然上句使用完成時(shí)態(tài)問的,但是答語后有l(wèi)ast時(shí)間,所以不用短暫動詞went而用was過去式。【2010河北省卷】44.Imyclothes,andthephonerang.A.washB.washedC.amwashingD.waswashing答案:D【解析】過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的考查。句義為當(dāng)我在洗衣服的時(shí)候,電話鈴響了”。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were現(xiàn)在分詞”故選D?!?010河北省卷】41.MybrotherleftschooIin2005,andsincethenheinBeijing.A.livesB.livedC.willliveD.haslived答案:D【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的用法。Since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志,其結(jié)構(gòu)為“have/has過去分詞”。故選D?!?010河北省卷】37.HongKongtobeagoodplaceforeatingtoday.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown答案:C【解析】被動語態(tài)。香港被認(rèn)為是當(dāng)今吃美食的好地方。被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu):be+動詞的過去分詞。故選擇:C.【2010河北省卷】Thistermover.Thesummervacationiscomingintwoweeks.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe答案:D【解析】一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的考查。句義為這學(xué)期即將結(jié)束。暑假在兩星期之后就要到來。intwoweek是般將來時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志。故選擇:D.【2010河北省卷】Iamistake.Pleasedon'tbeangrywithme.A.makeB.madeC.willmakeD.hadmade答案:B【解析】考查一般過去式的用法。句義為我犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,請不要和我生氣”答案D為過去完成時(shí)態(tài),故選擇:B?!?010河北省卷】36.EveryoneIcomefromSichuan.Actually,IcomefromShandong.A.findB.thinkC.findsD.thinks答案:D【解析】動詞時(shí)態(tài)用法。everyone意為每個(gè)人”其動詞形式應(yīng)為動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式,可排除A,B°find意為發(fā)現(xiàn)”think意為認(rèn)為”,根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選D【2010湖北武漢】MikeisfromAmerica.HeEnglish.A.spokeB.willspeakC.speaksD.hadspoken答案:C【解析】動詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:邁克來自美國。他說英語。此題敘述的是一般情況,所以從句意可知應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),又主語為he,第三人稱單數(shù),所以選C?!?010湖北武漢】--Whenyoutolearntoskate?--Fiveyearsago.A.do;startB.will;startC.had;startedD.did;start答案:D【解析】動詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:一一你什么時(shí)候開始學(xué)溜冰的?一一五年前。從答語中可知談?wù)摰氖沁^去時(shí)態(tài),所以本題應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般過去時(shí),故答案為D。【2010湖北武漢】-Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?

--Well,weyet.A.haven'tdecidedB.hadn'tdecidedC.don'tdecideD.didn'tdecide答案:A【解析】動詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:一一你們要去哪里度假?一一哦,沃我們還沒決定呢。從答語可知,談?wù)摰氖沁^去的事,但是對現(xiàn)在也造成了一定的影響,還沒決定”答語為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故選A?!?010福建?晉江】34.--Hello!MayIspeaktoKate?--Sorry,sheisn'therenow.ShetoShanghai.C.hasgone凱特現(xiàn)在不在家,她去上A.wentC.hasgone凱特現(xiàn)在不在家,她去上答案:C【解析】動詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容可知,海了”強(qiáng)調(diào)她現(xiàn)在不在這里。故選擇:C【2010福建?晉江】36.-wanttoteachinTibetwhenIgraduatefromthecollege.--Metoo.Teachersverymuchthere.A.needB.areneedingC.areneeded答案:C【解析】被動語態(tài)。教師是那里非常需要的”主要強(qiáng)調(diào)老師是動作的承受者。被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu):be+動詞的過去分詞。故選擇C【2010湖北咸寧】27.—The2010AsianSportsMeetthisNovemberinGuangzhou.—Yes.IwishChineseplayerswilldowell.A.willbeheldB.havebeenheldC.wastobeheldD.wouldbeheld答案:A【解析】時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)的用法。2010年亞運(yùn)會中考時(shí)還未召開,所以要用將來時(shí)態(tài);物做主語,用被動語態(tài),亞運(yùn)會是被召開,所以用將來時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài),因此選擇答案A.【2010湖北咸寧】30.—CouldIcleanthebedroomforyou?——No,thanks.Iitmyself.A.cleanedB.havecleanedC.wascleaningD.hadcleaned答案:B【解析】動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句子意思是:我能為你打掃臥室嗎?不用了,我已經(jīng)自己打掃過了。已經(jīng)打掃過對現(xiàn)在的影響是不用掃了,這是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的用法,所以選擇答案B.【2010黑龍江哈爾濱】26.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesineeweimes.AndthecomputeriswidelyusedthroughouttheworldA.enteredB.willenterC.haveentered答案:A【解析】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前面的完成時(shí)態(tài)可以看出是since的句式:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+since+—般過去時(shí),本題的意思是:自從電子郵件時(shí)代的到來,發(fā)生了巨大的變化。電腦被廣泛應(yīng)用于世界各地。************************************************2010幺士^束【2011?河南省】25.—Icalledyouat4:00yesterdayafternoon,butnooneanswered.—Sorry,Iwithmyfriendsatthattime.A.swimB.swamC.willswimD,wasswimming【?答案】:D。考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)。首句說:我昨天下午4點(diǎn)鐘給你打電話,但是沒人接下句顯然是要告訴對方當(dāng)時(shí)正在做什么,故用過去進(jìn)行。句意:…我當(dāng)時(shí)和我的朋友們在一起?!?011?可南省】—Excuseme,whereisMr.Brown'soffice?—Sorry,Idon'tknow.Ihereforonlyafewdays.

A.workB.workedC.haveworkedD.willworkA.workB.workedC.haveworkedD.willwork【?答案:】C??疾閯釉~時(shí)態(tài)及情景交際。句意:…。我在這兒才幾天【2011黑龍江綏化市】14.—WhereisBob?—HetoHarbinforameeting.A.wentB.hasbeenC.hasgone答案:C【解析】詞義辨析。havebeento指去過”havegoneto指去了”即不在說話者所在地。根據(jù)句義,他去哈爾濱參加會議”所以選C【2011黑龍江綏化市】24.Don'tmakesomuchnoise.ThechildrenanEnglishlesson.A.haveB.arehavingC.werehaving答案:B【解析】時(shí)態(tài)考查。根據(jù)情境:不要鬧動靜,因?yàn)楹⒆觽冋谏嫌⒄Z課,故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)?!?011江蘇徐州】8.IwasveryangrywithJohn—hejustwhenIspoketohim.A.isn'tlisteningB.hasn'tlistened

C.didn'sC.didn'stelhD.wasn'tlistening答案:D【解析】考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意我生約翰的氣,當(dāng)我和你說話的時(shí)候,他就是不聽?!边^去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某時(shí)間正在做的事情?!?011江蘇徐州】13.—Areyougoingtothebank,Laura?—No,Itothebankalready.A.havebeenB.havegoneC.amgoingD.hadbeen答案A【解析】考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法。由上句句意“??…你打算去銀行嗎?—不?!焙汀癮lready推測他已經(jīng)去過了,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Have/hasbeen+地點(diǎn)意為去過某地(已回來)”;have/hasgone+地點(diǎn)意為到某地去了(現(xiàn)在不在這兒)”。故選A。【2011內(nèi)蒙古包頭】22.Mr.BlackisgoingtomarryagirlheinJapanlastyear.A.meetsB.metC.hasmetD.wouldmeet【答案:】B【解析】本題考查過去分詞做定語的用法。句意為布萊克先生打算和他去年在日本結(jié)識的女孩結(jié)婚”。故選B?!?011四川資陽】27.Sofarthisyear,manynewhousesinWenchuanwiththehelpofthegovernment.A.buildB.arebuiltC.willbuildD.havebeenbuilt答案:D【解析】考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句中有Sofar到目前為止”,使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),故選D?!?011天津】36.MygrandmotheralotofchangesinTianjinsineeshecamehere.A.seesB.canseeC.willseeD.hasseen答案:D【解析】動詞的時(shí)態(tài)?!癝ince自從以來”是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞,因此這句話用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?!?011烏魯木齊】ThemeetingbythetimeIgotthereyesterday.A.wasonB.hasbeenonC.hadbegunD.hasbegun【答案】C【解析】時(shí)態(tài)的考察【解析】時(shí)態(tài)的考察我昨天到哪兒”是過去,會議開始在我到哪兒之前”應(yīng)是過去的過去。故用過去完成時(shí)【2011廣西柳州】43.—Youhavefoundyourlostumbrella,haven'tyou?——Yes.Iitbehindthedoorthisafternoon.A.havefoundB.willfindC.found答案C【解析】考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)答語的句意:今天下午找到的??芍?jiǎng)幼靼l(fā)生在過去,用一般過去時(shí),故選C?!?011沈陽】10.Listen!Thephone.Pleasegotoanswerit.A.ringsB.isringingC.rangD.willring答案:B【解析】動詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法。句意:聽,電話響了。請接一下。根據(jù)句意可以判斷應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),故答案為B?!?011貴州畢節(jié)】28.ImanynewfriendssinceIcamehereA.makeB.madeC.willmakeD.havemade解析:本題考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)。since…是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語標(biāo)志,故答案選D【2011梧州】36.ImetagoodfriendofminewhileIonthestreet.A.walksB.walkC.waswalkingD.amwalking【答案】C【解析】時(shí)態(tài)考察我在街上走的時(shí)候,突然碰到了我的一個(gè)好朋友?!庇鲆娢业暮门笥褧r(shí),我正在街上走著,故應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)?!?011梧州】45.—don'tknowifMr.Litotheaptythisevening.--Ithinkhewillcomeifhefree.A.willcome;isB.willcome;willbeC.comes;isD.comes;willbe【答案】A【解析】從句時(shí)態(tài)的考察本題考察if引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)態(tài)的考察,第一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句,李老師今晚是不是將參加我們的聚會”應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí);第二個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句應(yīng)主將從現(xiàn)”【2011貴州貴陽】39."Where'syourbrother,Jane?""He'snotinGuiyangthesedays.HeBeijing.'

A.hasgoneto答案:AA.hasgoneto答案:AB.hasbeentoC.hadbeento【解析】根據(jù)句意:你哥哥Jane在哪里?這些天他不在貴陽,他去了北京。Hasgoneto去了;hasbeentc去過。故選A?!?011湖南湘西】25.What'sthebestpresentyouhaveever?A.receivedB.receivesC.receiving答案:A【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)用“have/has+過去分詞”,received是過去分詞?!?011湖南湘西】30.—Whatareyoudoing?—I'mTVA.watchingB.watchesC.watched答案:A【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)上句用進(jìn)行時(shí)問,再用進(jìn)行時(shí)回答,構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)用“be+現(xiàn)在分詞”,所以選擇答案A.【2011沈陽】Thecomputerisbroken.ittoday?A.Will;repairB.Has;repairedC.Will;berepairedD.Has;beenrepaired答案:C【解析】動詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法。根據(jù)句意:電腦壞了,它今天將會被修理嗎?由句意可知應(yīng)該用將來時(shí)態(tài),故答案為C?!?011雅安】14.Shethisbookfornearlythreeweeks.A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.hasboughtD.haskept答案:D【解析】考查延續(xù)性動詞的用法。時(shí)間狀語為:fornearlythreeweeks,用延續(xù)性動詞。borrow,lend,buy均為非延續(xù)性動詞,不能與一段時(shí)間連用。故選D?!?011襄陽】——Whywon'tyougotothemoviewthme,Gina?——BecauseIittwice.A.seeB.haveseenC.sawD.willsee【答案】B【解析】時(shí)態(tài)考察看過電影兩次在過去,對現(xiàn)在的影響是不去看電影。用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)【2011廣東】31.—Alan,it'slate.Whynotgotobed?—Jennyhasn'tcomebackyet.Iforher.A.waitedB.havewaitedC.amwaitingD.waswaiting答案:C【解析】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用。由句意艾倫,很晚了,為什么還不睡?”詹妮還沒有回來。我她”由語境分析,艾倫現(xiàn)在是正在等詹妮回來。應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。故選C?!?011四川德陽】-Ithardoutside.Youhavetostayathome.A.rainB.israiningC.rained答案:B【解析】本題考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的用法。句意為天正下著大雨,你必須呆在家里”??芍司涞臅r(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選B。【2011四川德陽】17.-Doyouknowwhocleanedtheblackboard,Tina?--Yes.John.A.doA.doB.doesC.did答案:C【解析】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用。擦黑板是已經(jīng)過去發(fā)生的動作。在回答時(shí),也應(yīng)用過去時(shí)態(tài),應(yīng)排除A、B,故選C?!?011四川德陽】Ifyouyourhomework,youcangoouttoplayfootball.A.finishB.willfinishC.arefinishing答案:A【解析】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用。當(dāng)if作為連詞引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí),安表示假如;如果”等,在復(fù)合句中如果主句用將來時(shí),則if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)句意,排除B、C,故選A?!?011湖南永州】25.-Where'syourfather,Tom?-He__toChangsha.A.goesB.wentC.hasgone答案:C【解析】本句應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示去了,不在說話人的地方,故選C?!?011湖南長沙】TOC\o"1-5"\h\zWhenIcamebackyesterdayevening,mybrotherhishomework.C.wasdoingAisdoingB.hasdoneC.wasdoing答案:C【解析】時(shí)態(tài)的用法。句意:當(dāng)我昨天晚上到的時(shí)候,我的哥哥/弟弟正在做家庭作業(yè)。根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)該用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),故答案為C。**********************************************************配套練習(xí)題及參考答案(一)單項(xiàng)選擇A組題WeknowthatEnglishallovertheworld.A.isspokenB.isspeakingC.speaksD.hasspokenComputerineverydaylifeinthiscountrybeforelong.A.isusedB.willuseC.willbeusedD.wasusedIt'struethathisbadteethoutbyhimself.A.hasbeenpulledB.havebeenpulledC.haspulledD.A.donA.don'tallowtowearB.arenotallowedtowearA.followA.followB.followingC.tofollowD.followedpulled4.1'vetoldtheoldmanhismoneybythicpmlen.A.hasbeenfoundB.havebeenfoundC.havefoundoutD.hasfoundWhatustnow?A.washappenedB.werehappenedC.happenedD.happensThechildrennottoplaywiththefire.A.aretoldB.tellC.areaskingD.warn---theInternetinyourschool?---Yes,butthecomputerinourofficeoftenrefusestowork.A.Is,usedB.Is,usingC.Does,useD.Has,used---Somethingiswrongwiththecar.---Don'tworry.I'llhaveitsoon.A.fixedB.mendingC.torepairD.tofix----FootballbytheBritishatthebeginningoflastcentury.——That'probablywhyfootballisoneofthemostpopulargamesinEngland.A.wasinventedB.inventedC.wasinventingD.inventsThePRCwasonOctober1st1949.A.foundB.findC.foundingD.foundedIturnedbackonlytofindmyselfbyagroupofbeggars.Nowherlostbooksareusuallythelibrary.A.returnedB.returnedtoC.paidD.paidtoPauldoesn'thavetadbe.Healwaysworkshard.tolearnB.learnC.learningD.learns---Mytrousersare.---1'llbuyyouanewpair.A.woreoutB.wornoutC.wearingoutD.soldoutDon'tyouknowsweaterscan'tthatway?A.bewashedB.beingwashedC.beingwashingD.washThebrokencupawaybytheboyalready.A.hasbeenthrownB.isthrownC.isbeingthrownD.threwthatAnnisaveryclevergirl.A.It'believedB.It'believeC.ItisbelievingD.It'sbelievedtoEveryoneexceptJimandBillsomesweets.A.givesB.isgivenC.giveD.aregivenIthinkthesickboymusttothehospitalassoonaspossible.A.betakenB.beentakenC.beingtakenD.takeMostofriceinChinainthesouth.A.aregrownB.isgrownC.growD.growsStudentsslipperswhentheyareatschool.C.arenotallowedtoputonD.arenotallowedwearingThe2010AsianGamesinGuangzhou.A.isheldB.washeldC.hasheldD.willbeheldIwillgotothepartyifI.A.invitedB.wasinvitedC.haveinvitedD.aminvitedGreatchangesinGuangzhouinthepasttenyears.A.havetakenplaceB.havebeentakenplaceC.havehappenedD.havebeenhappenedOh,whatabigshop!Doyouknowwhenit?A.builtB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.hasbeenbuilt***************************************************************參考答案21-25A組題21-251-5ACBAC6-10AAAAD11-15DBABA16-20AABABBDDAB*************************************************************$士由結(jié)束B組題ThiskindofT-shirtis.A.easilywornoutB.easywornoutC.easytowornoutD.easilytobewornout----MayIgooutwithyoutomorrow?——Ifyourjobbythen.A.hasbeenfinishedB.finishC.willbefinishedD.willfinish---Goandaskthewaiterhowmuch.---Don'tworry.Ithasbeen.A.doesthemealcost,paidforB.themealcosts,paidC.themealspends,paidD.themealcosts,paidfor----thesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.----Yes,italldependsontheweather.A.I'vebeentoldB.I'vetoldC.I'mtoldD.ItoldTheoldmanwalkedinthestreet,.A.followedbyhissonB.followedhissonC.andfollowinghissonD.andfollowedbyhissonTheroomasameetingroom.A.usedtobeingusedB.wasusedtobeingusedC.usedtobeusedD.wasusedtobeusedLastmonthMissHanadoctor.A.marriedwithB.marriedtoC.wasmarriedwithD.gotmarriedtoTheTVneeds.A.torepairB.repairedC.beingrepairedD.toberepairedHisparentsdiedwhenhewasveryyoung,sohewasbyhisuncle.A.broughtupB.grownupC.gotupD.risenThepolicelotsofhelpbythepeopleinthecity.A.hasbeengivenB.hasgivenC.havebeengivenD.havegivenPorkoutinthisshop.Wecannow.A.hasbeensold,getnothingB.havebeensold,getnothingC.hasbeensold,getsomeD.havebeensold,getsomeLastnightthethiefbythepolice.A.gotcaughtB.iscaughtC.werecaughtD.wascatchIt'knownthatthepaperforbooksandmagazinesfromwood.A.aremadeB.ismadeC.hasbeenmadeD.isbeingmadeThe“ThousanadidGuanyin”bymanypeopleasthebestperformaneeatCCTV'sSpringFestivalEvening.A.hasbeenregardedB.areregardedC.hasregardedD.regardsInrecentyears,manychildaremadewhattheyarenot.

A.todo,interestedintodo,interestedA.todo,interestedintodo,interesteddo,interestedD.do,interestedin----Whyareyoulate?——Mybikebrokedown.Ihadit.A.repairedB.repairsC.repairD.repairing——I'dliketoborrowabook“Chicken,run.”----Letmecheckitonthecomputer.Hereitis.ItKatehasgotit.A.called,saysB.called,issaidC.iscalled,saysD.iscalled,issaidPleasetellmewhenGuangzhoutheAsianGames?A.willholdB.willbeheldC.holdsD.isgoingtoheldUsuallybeforeexams,studentstwominutestowritedowntheirnames.A.weregivenB.gaveC.giveD.aregiven——Theroomissodirty.——Soitis!Thedustbinssineewecamehere.A.haven'tbeenemptiedB.hasn'tbeenemptiedC.haven'temptiedD.hasn'temptiedHerearethephotosinLondon.A.whoaretakenB.thattookC.whichIwastakenD.thatweretakenHowlonghaveMr.andMrs.White?A.marriedB.bemarriedC.gotmarriedD.beenmarriedThebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.Thatmeans,hework14hoursaday.A.wasmadeB.madeC.wasmakingD.wasmadetoShewasheardanEnglishsonginherroomlastnight.A.singB.sangC.tosingD.songTheyneverasked.A.whatwouldhappentotheworldB.whatwillhappentotheworldC.whattheworldwouldhappenD.whatwashappenedtotheworld**********************************************************參考答案B組題1-5AADAA6-10CDDAC11-15AABAA16-20AAADA21-25DDDCA**************************************************************結(jié)束(二)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Twoyearsagoweusedthatmachinetomakeshoesforchildre中考)Twoyearsagothatmachineshoesforchildren.Youmustthrowthebrokenpotteryawayatonce.(中考)Thebrokenpotteryatonce.Youmusthandinyourhistoryhomeworkbytheweekend.(中考)Yourhistoryhomeworkbytheweekend.Weshouldwatertheyoungtreeseverytwodays.中考)Theyoungtreeseverytwodays.Ourteacherdoesn'tletusgooutofourschoolatlunchtime.Weg(outofourschoolatlunchtime.Howlonghaveyoukeptthebook?TOC\o"1-5"\h\zHowlong?Shegavemeapresent.I.Apresent.Theymadetheirmotherabirthdaycake.Theirmother.Abirthdaycake.MustIdoalltheexercises??John'smotherlethimhelptheoldmanmendtheb模e擬題)Johntheoldmanmendthebike**************************************************************************************************************參考答案句型轉(zhuǎn)換wasusedtomakemustbethrownawaymustbehandedinshouldbewateredbyusaren'tlettohasthebookbeenkeptbyyouwasgivenapresentbyher;wasgiventomebyherwasmadeabirthdaycakebythem;wasmadefortheirmotherbythenMustalltheexercisesbedonebymewaslettohelp,byhismother*****************************************************************結(jié)束第十二章非謂語動詞限定動詞與非限定動詞(FiniteandNon-finiteVerbs)1.限定動詞限定動詞在句子當(dāng)中作謂語,受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制e.g.HecanspeakbothEnglishandFrench.非限定動詞非限定動詞在句中不可單獨(dú)用作謂語,不受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制;它在句中可以用作其他句子成分。非限定動詞有三種,即不定式、動名詞和分詞1)不定式一般由“to動詞原形”構(gòu)成,在句中可擔(dān)任各種成分e.g.Ihopetoseeyousoon.2)動名詞有些動詞的ing形式可起名詞的作用,在句中也可但人很多成分e.g.Seeingisbelieving.3)分詞分詞有兩種,現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞,這兩種分詞可構(gòu)成謂語外,還可用作句子的很多成分e.g.Sheseemedsurprised.動詞不定式動詞不定式是一種非限定動詞,分為帶to的不定式(to+動詞原形)和不帶to的不定式。動詞不定式不能單獨(dú)用作謂語動詞,不受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制,但保留動詞的性質(zhì),可以有自己的賓語和

狀語,并且有進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí),被動語態(tài)的變化;同時(shí)又具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征,在句中可作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。1)動詞不定式的完成式、進(jìn)行式和被動語態(tài)動詞不定式有一般式、完成式、進(jìn)行式、主動語態(tài)、被動語態(tài)。F面以動詞do為例,列表如下:時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone進(jìn)行式tobedoing動詞不定式的一般式表示動詞不定式的動作與句中謂語動詞所表示的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生或之后發(fā)生。e.g.Youmusthelpmetodothecookingthisafternoon.(help和do兩個(gè)動作同時(shí)發(fā)生)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(tose這個(gè)動作發(fā)生在hope之后)動詞不定式的完成式強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式所表示的動作發(fā)生在句中謂語動詞所表示的動作之前。e.g.Imsorrytohavegivensyoue.g.Imsorrytohavegivensyouuchtrouble.謂語動詞之前發(fā)生)動詞不定式的進(jìn)行式強(qiáng)調(diào)在謂語動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生時(shí),不定式所表示的動作正在進(jìn)行e.g.Iwaspleasedtobetalkingwiththem.動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)表示不定式的動作與它邏輯主語或中心詞是被動關(guān)系(動賓關(guān)系)。e.g.Shewasthefirstonetobeaskedtospeak.動詞不定式的否定在不定式to前加not構(gòu)成e.g.Trynottobelate.2)動詞不定式的作用動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征,可以在句中作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定于和狀語。作主語e.g.Tosaysomethingisonething,todoisanotherthing.在更多情況下都用it作形式主語,而把不定式這個(gè)真正主語放到句子后面,這樣可使主語不至顯得太長,避免頭重腳輕的現(xiàn)象。常見的這類句子有下面幾種:It+be+形容詞+不定式e.g.It'shasdytovhichisbetter.It+名詞+不定式e.g.It'smywishtordethingforthepublic.It+動詞+賓語+不定式e.g.Itcostalotofmoneytobuildthismuseum.作表語(說明主語的具體內(nèi)容)e.g.Herjobistolookafterthesick.作賓語及物動詞可跟不定式作賓語,這些動詞有want,wish,like,decide,help,try,begin,forget,learn,ask,agree,hop等e.g.Shelikestoplaywiththechild.作賓語補(bǔ)足語英語中許多動詞可跟一個(gè)名詞(代詞)+不定式”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合賓語,這里的動詞不定式就作賓語補(bǔ)足語。常見的這類動詞有:allow,ask,encourage,invite,order,teach,tell,want,advise等。e.g.Iwantyoutobehappy.英語中有些動詞要求不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,這些動詞有:make,let,see,watch,hear,feel,notice等。help后不定式的to可以省略,也可以保留。e.g.Shewon'tletmedoit.作定語該成分通常放在其修飾的名詞或代詞之后。它與其他修飾的名詞或代詞在邏輯上可能是主謂關(guān)系。e.g.Wehavealotofthingstodotoday.有時(shí)在不定式后需要跟一個(gè)介詞e.g.Ineedapentowritewith.在不少名詞后可用不定式作定語e.g.It'stimetogotobed.不定式有時(shí)需要用被動形式e.g.Therearealotofthingstobedone.①作主語①作主語e.g.Whattoduisanimportantproblem.作狀語表目的e.g.HewenttoParistolearnFrench.【注】1.在強(qiáng)調(diào)這種目的狀語時(shí),不定式前可加inorder或soase.g.TheAmericanspokeslowlyandclearlyinorderto/soastomakeusunderstandwhathewassaying.動詞不定式也可放在句首,使其所表示的目的更加明顯突出e.g.Togettherebeforedark,theysetoutearly.表結(jié)果e.g.Heleft,nevertoreturn.【注】1.too…to…太…以致不能…e.g.Itwastoocoldtogooutlastnight.…enough+不定式e.g.Wouldyoubegoodenoughtoclosethedoor?be+形容詞+不定式e.g.Someoftheapplesarehardtoreach.so…asto…如此…以致e.g.Hewassocarelessastoleavehiscarublocked.表原因e.g.Wejumpedwithjoytohearit.3)疑問詞+動詞不定式疑問代詞who,what,which禾口疑問副詞when,where,how等詞后可加動詞不定式,構(gòu)成一種特殊的動詞不定式短語,可在句中作主語、賓語、表語等成分。①作主語①作主語e.g.Smokingisharmfultohealth.作賓語e.g.Noneoftheartistsknewwhattodo.作表語e.g.Thequestioniswheretogo.4)動詞不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)For+名詞(或代詞賓格)+動詞不定式在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中for本身無意,名詞(或代詞賓格)形式上是for的賓格,但在意義上可以說是動詞不定式的主語,這種不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句子里可以作下列成分:作主語e.g.ForustolearnaforeignIanguageisveryimportant.作表語e.g.It'sforyoutodecidewhatweshoulddonext.作賓語e.g.ModernmedicinehasmadeitpossibleforpeopletoliveIonger.作定語e.g.It'stimeforustogo.作狀語e.g.Heopenedthedoorforthechildrentocomein.4.動名詞1)動名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)由動詞原形+ing”勾成,與現(xiàn)在分詞的形式相同2)動名詞的作用具有名詞的特征,也有動詞的特征,它可以有賓語,也可用狀語來修飾,可在句子中擔(dān)任以下成分:【注】1.動名詞作主語,常采用形式主語itsdangerousswimminginthe.g.Swimmingintheriverisdangerous.=ltriver.sdangerousswimminginth2.在“Thereisno…”和“It'o?…”這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中,可以用動名詞作主語,表示設(shè)法…”,沒用”等e.g.It'snousecrying.作表語e.g.Herhobbyiscollectingstamps.作賓語e.g.Ifinishedreadingthebooklastnight.作定語e.g.Thisisasleepingbag.【注】有些動名詞和它所修飾的名詞常在一起使用,構(gòu)成那個(gè)合成詞e.g.readingroom,swimmingpool3)動名詞和動詞不定式的用法和比較動名詞表示習(xí)慣性或抽象性的一般動作,而動詞不定式則表示一個(gè)具體的動作。e.g.Ilikeswimming.(習(xí)慣或愛好)Idon'twantdoswimtod一次具體動作)有些動詞后接不定式作賓語,女口:afford,agree,choose,decide,hope,offer,plan,refuse,want,wish,mean,learn等有些動詞后接動名詞作賓語,女口:consider,enjoy,finish,imagine,mind,keep,miss,practise,suggest等;短語動詞有g(shù)iveup,keepon,putoff,can'thelp忍不住,不禁)有些動詞,如begin,start,continue,love等后即可加動名詞也可加動詞不定式作賓語,但兩者意思往往沒有有區(qū)別在forget和remember后,用動名詞表示一個(gè)已發(fā)生過的動作,用動詞不定式表示一個(gè)將要發(fā)生的動作。在stop后可接動名詞,也可接動詞不定式,但兩者的意義和句子功用不同。在stopdoingsth中,stop是及物動詞,表示停止正在做的事情;在stoptodosth中,stop是不及物動詞,表示停止什么,然后再去做另一件事情。短語動詞goon后可接動名詞,也可接動詞不定式,但兩者的意義和句子功用不同。具體意義和用法和stop相似。5.分詞1)分詞的構(gòu)成分詞有兩種:現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。現(xiàn)在分詞由動詞原形+ing”構(gòu)成,過去分詞由動詞原形+ed”構(gòu)成。兩者在句中擔(dān)任的成分大致相同,主要在意思上有主動和被動之分?,F(xiàn)在分詞一般為主動意義,過去分詞一般為被動意義。在時(shí)間上,現(xiàn)在分詞一般表示正在進(jìn)行的動作,而過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成了的動作,分詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,但有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。2)分詞的作用分詞在句中主要起形容詞和副詞的作用,作表語、定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語①作表語e.g.Thisstoryisveryinteresting.②作定語②作定語A.單個(gè)分詞作定語時(shí)常放在被修飾詞的前面e.g.I'vehadatiringday.B.分詞短語作定語時(shí)要放在被修飾詞的后面,相當(dāng)于定語從句e.g.Whoisthewomantalking(二whoistalking)toJim?作賓語補(bǔ)足語分詞常用在seehear,notice,watch,find,feel,get,keep等動詞的賓語之后做賓語補(bǔ)足語e.g.Don'tyouseeagirlrunningtowardsus?【注】現(xiàn)在分詞和動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的連續(xù)性,表明正在進(jìn)行中;動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語只是說明有過這個(gè)動作。作狀語分詞作狀語時(shí)可以表示時(shí)間(相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句)、原因(相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句)或表示動作發(fā)生的方式及作為陪襯的另一動作。e.g.Beingsick,Istayedathome.分詞作狀語時(shí),它的邏輯主語應(yīng)與句子的主語一致。e.g.Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn'tgetintouchwithher.*********************【中考真題欣賞】【2011福州中考】39.—Don'tforgetyourhistoryandpoliticsbookstomorrowmorning.—Thanks.Iwon't.bringB.tobringC.bringing答案:B【解析】考查forgetto與forgetdoingsth.的用法。forgetto…忘記要做某事(事情未做)”;forgedoingsth.忘記曾經(jīng)做過某事(事情已做)”。句意:一不要忘記帶來你的歷史和政治書。一多謝。我不會的。故選B?!窘馕觥靠疾閯釉~的用法。forgettodosth.忘記要做某事(事情未做)”;forge

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論