名詞性從句課件-高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

i名詞性從句復(fù)習(xí)目錄CONTENT1相關(guān)定義2主語從句3賓語從句4表語從句5同位語從句相關(guān)定義RELEVANTDEFINITIONS1定義及分類定義在句子中起名詞作用的句子。分類主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句連接詞連接代詞（從句缺成分）who(人/主)；whom(人/賓)what(物/主、賓、表)which(“哪一個(gè)”，有選擇范圍)whose(“誰的”+名詞，表從屬關(guān)系)

連接副詞（從句不缺成分）表疑問：when(時(shí)間)where(地點(diǎn))why(原因)how(方式)表陳述：that(無成分，意義，只起關(guān)聯(lián)作用)表是否：whether,if主語從句SUBJECTCLAUSE2連接詞從屬連詞that,whether,if連接代詞what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whom,whichever連接副詞how,when,where,why注意??that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用連接代詞：主要做主，賓，表，定等連接副詞：在句中做狀語who,whom——人what——物whatever,whoever——泛指意義形式主語常見句型Itbe+名詞+that從句It’sagreatpitythattheydidn’tgetmarried.Itbe+過去分詞+that從句It’ssaidthathehasseentheremanytimes.Itbe+形容詞+that從句It’ssplendidthatyoupassedyourexam.It+不及物動(dòng)詞+that從句Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired)that······如何找主語從句一、先找謂語，謂語前的句子就是主語從句。二、it做形式主語，從句做真正的主語，即為主語從句。Thathewillsucceediscertain.Whatweneedismoretime.Itisapitythatwelostamatch.that引導(dǎo)的主語從句that不做成分，沒有實(shí)際意義，在句首時(shí)不能省略，it做形式主語that不能省略。that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，為了避免頭重腳輕，通常用形式主語it代替主語從句。Thathewillcomeiscertain.Itisacertain(that)hewillcome.whether/if引導(dǎo)的主語從句意為“是否”，不做成分，不能省略，在句首只能用whether，不能用if。使用形式主語it時(shí),if/whether引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句為真正的主語。whether和ornot連用時(shí)，不能用if代替。Whetherwe'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.Itdependsontheweatherwhether/ifwe’llgocampingtomorrow.

連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句起連接作用，不能省略，有實(shí)際意義，在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語或定語。whatever和whoever引導(dǎo)的主語從句不含疑問意義，相當(dāng)于名詞后加一個(gè)定語從句。whatever=anythingthatwhoever=anyonewhoWhatyousaidyesterdaywasright.Whowillgomakesnodifference.Whateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.

連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句起連接作用，不能省略，有實(shí)際意義，作狀語。Whyhedidn’tcomeyesterdayisunknown.Howthishappendisnotclear.Whenhewillcomeisunknown.=Itisunknownwhenhewillcome.(也可以轉(zhuǎn)換為it做形式主語。)

賓語從句OBJECTCLAUSE3定義在主從復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語。位置位于及物動(dòng)詞，介詞或謂語之后分類動(dòng)詞的賓語從句介詞的賓語從句形容詞的賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞

that沒有實(shí)際意義，不在從句中做任何成分，可省略。eg:Hesaid(that)hecouldcomeontime.1whether/ifwhether/if引導(dǎo)的名從是有一般疑問句或選擇疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來的。變成從句時(shí)，語序由原來的倒裝變?yōu)殛愂?。eg:Let’sknowifyoucanfinishtheworkbeforethisweek.2what/when/where/who從句為陳述語序，且引導(dǎo)詞不可省略。eg:Hedidn’ttellmehowlonghecouldstayhere.3重點(diǎn)一、當(dāng)主語是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況定。IknowthathestudiesEnglisheveryday.IknowthathehasstudiedEnglishfor4years.二、當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句必須用過去的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。Hesaidthathewouldcomethenextday.Hesaidthathehadfinishedtheworkfor2weeks.三、當(dāng)從句是客觀事實(shí)、真理時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Hesaidthatthesunrisesintheeast.不能省略that的情況1、主句的謂語動(dòng)詞與賓語從句之間有插入語。Ihope,onthecontrary,thathewillstayathomewithus.2、賓語從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語。Hetoldmethathewouldcime.3、有多個(gè)并列賓語從句中，第一個(gè)可省that，后面的不能省。Hesaid(that)thebookwasveryinterestingandthatallthechildrenliketoreadit.不能省略that的情況4、賓語從句的主語是this、that或被this、that修飾時(shí)。Theteachersaidthatthatwordwaswrong.5、it做形式主語，從句為真正的賓語時(shí)。Ithinkitnecessarythatheshouldstayhere.6、except、but等介詞后的賓語從句，that不能省。只能用whether的情況1、在動(dòng)詞不定式前。Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.2、介詞后的賓語從句。I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgoshould.3、賓語從句提前時(shí)，即置于句首表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)。Whetherhelivesthere,Iwanttoknow.4、與ornot直接連用時(shí)。Ican’tsaywhetherornothewillcomeontime.Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.5、動(dòng)詞discuss,leave,put,doubt后面的賓語從句常用whether。表語從句PREDICATIVECLAUSE4

表語《名詞做表語》Africaisabigcontinent.《代詞做表語》Whoisyourbestfriend?《形容詞做表語》Ifeelmuchbettertoday.《數(shù)詞做表語》Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.《不定式做表語》Herjobistosellcomputers.從句做表語MydreamisthatIcantravelaroundtheworld.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthecar.Thereasonwhy······is/wasthat············的原因是······

表語從句1、that引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)不充當(dāng)成分，無含義，通常不省略。Thefactisthathedoesn’treallytry.注意：如果主語是要求，建議，命令等詞，表語從句用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”（should可省略）

要求：request,requirement,insistence···

建議：idea,advice,suggestion,proposal,recommendation,notion···

命令：order,instruction···2、whether引導(dǎo)表語從句（不能用“if”）Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.3、連接代詞、連接副詞引導(dǎo)表語從句Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.ThatwaswhenIwasfifteen.

表語從句4、asif/asthough引導(dǎo)表語從句（常用虛擬語氣）Shelooksasifshewerehungry.Itisnotasthoughwewerepoor.5、because引導(dǎo)表語從句That’sbecauseyoucan’tappreciatemusic.Sheisveryfamiliarwiththefilm.Thisisbecauseshehasalreadyseenthefilm.6、because的同義詞since/as/for不可以引導(dǎo)表語從句。同位語從句APPOSITIVECLAUSE5同位語從句定義：對(duì)前面的抽象名詞進(jìn)行解釋說明；被解釋說明的詞和同位語在邏輯上是主表關(guān)系。連接詞：that,whether/what,who/how,when,whereif不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。跟同位語從句的名詞：news,idea,fact,promise,doubt,thought,hope,massage,suggestion,decision,words(消息),evidence,conclus