中醫(yī)英語課件整理

中醫(yī)英語整理資料Chapter1Yin-yangandfivephasetheory.1Basictermsandphrasesinyin-yangandfivephasetheory? 陰陽學說Yin-yangtheory?母氣motherqi?子氣childqi?子氣childqi?五行學說Fivephase(element)theory?虛deficiency精氣學說Essentialqitheory?實?實excess?表exterior?里interior?熱heat?寒cold相生engendering(woodengendersfire;Fireengendersearth…)相克(restraining(Earthrestrainswater,Waterrestrainsfire…)相乘overwhelming(或over-acting)相侮rebellion(或insulting)?母子相及motherandchildaffecting?陰盛yinexuberanceeachother陰盛陽衰Yinexuberancewithyangdebilitation陽盛陰衰Yangexuberancewithyindebilitation陰陽是事物的兩類屬性Yinandyangarethefundamentalcategoriesofallphenomena.背屬陽，腹屬陰；Thebackisyangandtheabdomenisyin.六腑屬陽，五臟屬陰Thesixbowelsareyangandthefivevisceraareyin.氣屬陽，血屬陰表、實、熱證屬陽，里、虛、寒屬陰Exterior,excessandheatdiseasepatternsareyang,whileinterior,deficiencyandcolddiseasepatternsareyin.陰陽互根mutualrootingofyinandyang陽根于陰，陰根于陽Yanghasitsrootinyin;yinhasitsrootinyang.陰損及陽Detrimenttoyinaffectsyang陽損及陰Detrimenttoyangaffectsyin.月干陽上亢Ascendanthyperactivityofliveryang陽勝則陰病，陰勝則陽?。籌fyangabounds,yinailsandifyinabounds,yangails.陽勝則熱，陰勝則寒Whenyangprevails,thereisheatandwhenyinprevailsthereiscold.寒勝則痛whencoldprevails,thereispain.升清降濁upbearingtheclearanddownbearingtheturbid邪之所湊，其氣必虛Forpathogenstoencroach,qimustbedeficient(translatedbyNigelWiseman)大腸主津，小腸主液Thelargeintestinegovernsfluidwhilethesmallintestinegovernshumor.奪血者無汗，奪汗者無血。Despoliationofblooddiminishessweat,anddespoliationofsweatdiminishesblood.衄家不可發(fā)汗，亡血家不可發(fā)汗。Patientssufferingfromnosebleedsmaynotbemadetosweatandpatientssufferingfrombloodcollapsemaynotbemadetosweat.1.2治疔學(Therapeutics)?散dissipate?滋enrich?理regulate?養(yǎng)nourish?清clear?健fortify?瀉purge?固secure?斂constrain?解release?潤moisten?澀astringe?補tonify?祛dispelstomachstomach?溫warm益replenish除eliminate滋enrich化resolve化痰resolvephlegm（轉）化transform肝陽化火liveryangtransformingintofire肝陽化風liveryangtransformingintowind疏soothing（動詞原形：soothe）疏肝理氣soothetheliverandregulateqi疏肝養(yǎng)血soothetheliverandnourishtheblood疏肝健脾soothetheliverandfortifythespleen疏肝和胃soothetheliverandharmonizethestomach溫補命門warmandtonifythelifegate解表releasetheexterior清法clearingmethod清肝火clearliverfire清熱和胃clearheatandharmonizethe瀉火purgefire瀉肝purgetheliver瀉心purgetheheart潤腸Moistentheintestines溫胃warmthestomach溫中warmthemiddle溫中散寒warmthemiddletodissipatecold溫中和胃warmthemiddletoharmonizethestomach溫陽行水warmyangtomovewater溫經(jīng)止痛warmthemeridiantorelievepain散淤dissipatethestasis散寒dissipatecold潛陽subdueyang平肝潛陽pacifythelivertosubdueyang宣肺止咳diffusethelungtosuppresscough宣肺平喘diffusethelungtocalmpanting宣肺化痰diffusethelungtoresolvephlegm補氣生血tonifyqiandengenderblood補養(yǎng)心血tonifyandnourishheartblood滋陰補陽enrichyinandtonifyyang虛者補之Treatdeficiencywith(orby)tonification或Deficiencyistreatedwith(orby)tonification寒者熱之Treatcoldwithheat祛風齊Uwind-dispellingformula清暑劑summerheat-clearingformula安神劑tranquilizingformula1.3Syndromedifferentiation熱者寒之Treatheatwithcold扶正祛邪reinforcethehealthyqiandeliminatethepathogenicfactors.八法eightmethods扶正reinforcethehealthyqi祛邪eliminatethepathogenicfactors.補益劑tonifyingandreplenishingformula理血劑blood-regulatingformula辨證patternidentification/syndromedifferentiation陰陽辨證yin-Yangpatternidentification/syndromedifferentiation陰陽失調證pattern/syndromeofyin-yangdisharmony陰證yinpattern/syndrome陰虛證yindeficiencypattern/syndrome陰陽兩虛pattern/syndromeofdualdeficiencyofyinandyang陰虛火旺證pattern/syndromeofyindeficiencywitheffulgentfire陰虛水停證pattern/syndromeofyindeficiencywithwaterretention陰虛濕熱證pattern/syndromeofyindeficiencywithdampness-heatlowfever,nightsweating(nightsweats),flushedcheeksintheafternoon,vexingheatinthechest,palmsandsoles,abitterandgreasytasteinthemouth,reddenedtonguewithyellowslimyfurandrapidfinepulse表證exteriorpatternsuddenonset,aversiontocoldortowind,fever,headache,generalizedpain,thintonguefurandfloatingpulse半表半里證half-exteriorhalf-interiorpattern/syndromebittertasteinthemouth,drythroat,nauseaandlossofappetite,string-likepulse表虛證exteriordeficiencypattern/syndromereluctancetospeak,lassitude,palpitation,dizziness,tinnitus,decreasedfoodintake,weakpulse表寒證exteriorcoldpattern表熱證exteriorheatpattern里熱證interiorheatpattern表熱里寒patternofexteriorheatandinteriorcoldChapter2Qi,blood,essenceandfluidandhumor1Basicterms津液fluidandhumor傷津damagetofluid先天之氣innateqi(prenatalqi)先天之精innateessence后天之氣acquiredqi后天之精acquiredessence正氣healthyqi邪氣pathogenicqi兀氣primordialqi(sourceqi)衛(wèi)氣defensiveqi營氣nutrient(nutritive)qi臟氣visceralqi腑氣bowelqi血虛blooddeficiency肝藏血theliverstorestheblood.脾統(tǒng)血thespleenmanagestheblood.血主濡之bloodgovernsnutrition.血熱bloodheat血為氣之母bloodisthemotherofqi血瘀bloodstasis瘀血staticbloodEssenceisthebasisofthebodyacquiredessenceessenceofwaterandfoodreproductiveessence(innateessence)氣為血之帥Qiisthecommanderoftheblood.氣能生血Qiengendersblood.氣能行血Qimovesblood.氣能攝血Qicontainsblood.氣不攝血Qideficiencyfailingtocontrolblood氣脫qicollapse氣閉qiblock氣滯qistagnation氣逆qicounterflow氣陷qisinking氣機不利inhibitedqimovement(或inhibitedqidynamics)三焦tripleenergizers上焦upperenergizer中焦middleenergizer下焦lowerenergizer筋骨sinewsandbones血氣不和，百病乃而生Ifbloodandqifallintodisharmony,ahundreddiseasesmayarise.氣主煦之，血主濡之Qiinvigoratesandbloodnourishes.Humanlifedependsonthisqi.Whenqigathers,thephysicalbodyisformed;whenitdisperses,thebodydies中焦受氣，取汁，變化為赤，是謂血Themiraculouspivotstates:"themiddleenergizertakesinqi,extractsitsessence,andturnsitintotheredsubstancethatisblood.”肝受血而能視；足受血能步；掌受血能握；指受血而能攝。Theliverreceivesblood,sothereissight;thelegsreceivebloodandthusareabletowalk;thehandsreceivebloodandsoareabletogrip;thefingersreceivebloodandthenareabletograsp.中焦之所受氣者，泌其糟粕，蒸津液，化其精微，上行于肺脈，乃化而為血，以奉生身，莫貴于此，故獨得行于經(jīng)隧，命日營氣。Fromtheqithatthemiddleenergizertakesin,itproduceswasteanddistillsfluidsfromwhichitextractstheessence.Thisthenflowsintothelungmeridianwhereitistransformedintobloodwhichfurnishestheneedsofthebody.Itspreciousnessisunexcelledbyanything.Itflowsthroughthebloodvesselsandisknownasnutrientqi.2Symptoms血虛證:證見面白無華或萎黃、唇色淡白、爪甲蒼白、頭暈眼花、心悸失眠、手足發(fā)麻、舌淡苔白、脈細無力blooddeficiencypattern/syndromeCommonly-seensymptomsinblooddeficiencysyndromeare:pale(lusterless)orsallowcomplexion,palelipsandnails,dizziness,dimmedvision,insomnia,palpitations,numbnessofextremities,paletongueandwhitetonguefurandfine(forceless)pulse.面色淡白或晦滯，身倦乏力，氣少懶言，疼痛如刺，常見于胸脅，痛處不移，拒按，舌淡暗或有紫斑，脈沉澀。Palewhiteordull,darkcomplexion,lassitudeandlackofstrength,shortageofqiwithnodesiretotalk,unpalpablestabbingpainfrequentlyseeninrib-side(s)offixedlocation,paletongueorwithpurplespeckles,sunkenandroughpulse.Bloodcollapsespatternacriticalpatternoccurringincasesofacutemassivebleeding,markedbypallor,dizziness,palpitations,faintandshortbreathing,coldextremitiesandevenmentalconfusion,paletongue,hardlyperceptiblepulse.BloodstasispatternApatternmarkedbyformationofvisiblepainfulandtendermass,orabdominalmasswithstabbingpainandtenderness,orbleedingofbloodwithclots,irregularpulse.BloodheatpatternApatternthatoccurswhenexuberantpathogenicheatentersthebloodaspectandismanifestedbyfever,nose-bleeds,vomitingofblood,expectorationofblood,bloodystool,skineruptions,oradvancedperiodswithprofusebright-redmenstrualdischarge,vexation,orevendeliriumandconvulsions,deepcrimsontongueandrapidstring-likepulse.咳嗽cough干咳drycough干嘔dryretching嘔吐Vomiting吐酸acidvomiting呃逆hiccup曖氣belching惡心nausea久病enduringdisease(illness)體質虛弱weakconstitution營養(yǎng)不良malnutrition勞倦overexertionandfatigue食欲不振poorappetite消化不良indigestion胸悶oppressioninthechest脫肛prolapseoftherectum大量失血heavybloodloss血液生成bloodformation面色complexion面色萎黃sallowfacialcomplexion面黃yellowcomplexion面色蒼白palecomplexion面色淡白palewhitecomplexion（注意）面色晦暗dull,darkcomplexion頭暈dizziness心悸palpitation驚悸frightpalpitations鈍痛dullpain耳痛earpain目痛eyepain胸痛chestpain胃痛stomachpain腹痛abdominalpain足跟痛heelpain心慌flusteredness健忘forgetfulness（amnesia）無澤lusterless失眠insomnia心煩vexation煩熱heatvexation手足煩熱vexingheatintheextremities手足心熱heatinthepalmsandsoles五心煩熱 vexingheatinthechestpalmsandsoles身重heavybody身癢generalizeditching身痛generalizedpain麻木（不仁）numbness脹痛distendingpain刺痛stabbingpain冷痛coldpain灼痛scorchingpain固定痛fixedpain劇痛severepain痛無定處painofunfixedlocation耳鳴tinnitus口渴thirst口干drymouth口淡blandtasteinthemouth口苦bittertasteinthemouth口甜sweettasteinthemouth宿食retainedfood嗜偏食dietarypredilection五味偏嗜flavorpredilection飲食不節(jié)dietaryirregularities曖氣belching便溏sloppystool(orloosestools)水瀉waterydiarrhea里急后重tenesmus儒泄soggydiarrhea便膿血stoolcontainingpusandblood大便干硬hardboundstool小便不利inhibitedurination小便頻數(shù)frequenturination小便澀痛difficultpainfulurination小便渾濁t(yī)urbidurine口酸sourtasteinthemouth口:罡astringenttasteinthemouth口咸saltytasteinthemouth口麻numbnessinthemouth口粘膩stickyslimysensationinthemouth小便短赤shortvoidingsofreddishurine小便清長longvoidingsofclearurine沉脈sunkenpulse數(shù)脈rapidpulse細脈finepulse(threadypulse)洪脈surgingpulse(floodingpulse)弦脈string-likepulse濡脈soggypulse微脈faintpulse浮脈floatingpulse緩脈moderatepulse淡白舌paletongueRedtongue紅舌Purpletongue紫舌paleredtongue淡紅舌小便短少shortvoidingsofscanturinebluetongue青舌bluishpurpletongue青紫舌crimsontongue絳舌舌苔tonguefur白苔whitefur黃苔yellowfur燥苔dryfur厚苔thickfur粘膩苔stickyslimyfur譫語deliriousspeech錯語disorderedspeechChapter3DiseaseandIts1Basicterms三因threecauses內因internalcause外因externalcause不內外因causesneitherinternalnorexternal外感疾病externallycontracted