2022北京首都師大回龍觀育新學(xué)校高二（上）期中英語（教師版）

2022北京首都師大回龍觀育新學(xué)校高二（上）期中

英語考生注意：本試卷共十頁，共三道大題、43道小題，卷面滿分100分，答題時間90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在機讀卡和答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題;每小題L5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。“It'snouse,saidJohnny.'Tmjustnogoodatdancing.”“You'vegottokeeptrying.Tonightwillbe],dear.TryaturnwiththatprettyLisette."Johnny2.EverySaturdaynightusedtobethebestoftheweek.HeandhisparentswenttothedanceattheClub,wherehishero,Alcide,playedtheaccordionwiththeband.Butlatelyeverythinghadchanged.NowthatJohnnywasolder,hewas3todancewithagirl.WhenJohnnyandhisparentsarrivedattheClub,musichadalreadystarted.Johnnygotuphis4toapproachLisette.tkMayIhavethisdance?”Johnnyasked."That'sallright,“saidLisette.JohnnystruggledtokeepupwithLisette'ssmoothsteps,buthewasalwaysonebeatbehindher.ThenJohnnyheardhisfriendPierresay,“Look!Johnnyhastwoleteel!”5burstfromthecrowd.Johnnybrokeawayandranoutside,determinednevertogotoanotherdance.ThenextSaturday,Alcide6toJohnny'shousefbrsomepotatoes.HehappenedtohearJohnnyplayingtheaccordion.Alcide'seyes7."Bringthataccordionandplaysomesongstonight,“Alcidesaid.Thenhedroveoff,leavingJohnnystaringopen-mouthedafterhim.AttheClub.JohnnyscannedthecrowdforLisetteand8her,andinvitedherforadance.ThebandplayedfbralongtimebeforeAlcidesaid,“Dearfriends,Igotasurprisefbryoutonight.YoungJohnnyisgoingtojoinus!”9,Johnnysteppedupontheplatform,hiseyesonthefloor.Hebegantoplay,andthebandjoinedinbehindhim.Whenthesongended,heheardcheers.Johnnykeptplayinguntilthedancewasover."Youdidafinejobtonight.PlaywithusagainnextSaturdaynightJAlcidesaid.uYcs,sir!”saidJohnny.Ashewentoutside,JohnnysawLisetteandherfriendsnearthedoor.Lisettestepped10,smiling.4tYouplayedreallygoodtonightshesaid."Thankyou,^^Johnnyblushed.1.A.difficultB.troublesomeC.differentD.terrible2.A.answeredB.sighedC.smiledD.laughed3.A.expectedB.invitedC.allowedD.chosen4.A.spiritsB.feelingsC.courageD.strength5.A.ShoutsB.LaughterC.ApplauseD.Cheers6.A.ranB.walkedC.droveD.cycled7.A.openedB.rolledC.shaipenedD.widened8.A.caughtB.searchedC.soughtD.spotted9.A.StrugglingB.TremblingC.WanderingD.Whispering10.A.backwardB.upwardC.forwardD.downward考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Alcide睜大了眼睛。A.opened打開：B.rolled（使）翻滾;C.sharpened（使）變得鋒利；D.widened（使）變寬。根據(jù)后文“ThebandplayedforalongtimebeforeAlcidesaid,t4Dcarfriends,Igotasurpriseforyoutonight.YoungJohnnyisgoingtojoinus!,,n可知,是Alcide聽到Johnny彈奏手風琴，拉的很好，所以邀請他上臺表演，此處是因為驚訝而眼睛睜大。故選D項。【8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在俱樂部里，Johnny掃視人群尋找Liselte,發(fā)現(xiàn)了她，邀請她跳舞。A.caught攔住;B.searched搜索：C.soughl尋求;D.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)、看見。根據(jù)前文“AliheClub,JohnnyscannedihecrowdforLisetteM以及后文“invitedherforadance."可知，是Johnny在人群中尋找Lisette,找到了她,才會邀請她跳舞。故選D項?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Johnny戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢地走上平臺，兩眼望著地板。A.Struggling奮斗；B.Trembling（因緊張、激動、驚慌等）顫抖;C.Wandering徘徊;D.Whispering耳語。根據(jù)后文“hiseyesonthefloorn可知，Johnny的心情是緊張，害怕的，所以是顫抖著走上臺。故選B項。【10題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Lisette微笑著走上前去。A.backward向后；B.upward向上；C.forward向前；D.downward向下。根據(jù)后文”"Youplayedreallygoodtonight!”shesaid.”可知，Lisette是在贊揚Johnny,所以她是走上前和Johnny說話。故選C項。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題;每小題1分，共15分）【答案】11.with12.doing13.isnotmeasured14.but【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。Jason以前是一個很有錢的大學(xué)教授，后來知道每年都有很多人餓死，還有一些地方?jīng)]有學(xué)校和老師后，就把所有的錢都捐給慈善機構(gòu)了。他認為成功不是用你有多有錢衡量，而是你對生命真諦的理解來衡量。11題詳解】考查介詞。句意：16年前，杰森是一名大學(xué)教授，擁有一棟六居室大房子和20。萬美元的財產(chǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“擁有一棟六居室大房子和20（）萬美元的財產(chǎn)”，整個短語表伴隨，應(yīng)用介詞*th。故填with?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這使他很擔心，他感到內(nèi)疚，身為富人卻什么都不做。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處位于介詞wiihoul后，作賓語，應(yīng)用動名詞doing形式。故填doing?！?3題詳解考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：”成功不是用你有多少錢來衡量的，而是用你對?生活真諦的理解來衡量的。”杰森說。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，其主語為success,與measure之間為被動關(guān)系，表示“被衡量”，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；結(jié)合句意可知，此處是在陳述客觀真理，用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語success為不可數(shù)名詞，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。故填isnotmeasured?！?4題詳解】考查并列連詞。句意：“成功不是用你有多少錢來衡量，而是用你對生活真諦的理解來衡量的?！苯苌f。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處前后均為by+how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，前后之間結(jié)構(gòu)一致，故需填一個并列連詞；結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“成功不是用你有多少錢來衡量，而是用你對生命真諦的理解來衡量”，not...but...為固定搭配，意為“不是……而是……"。故填but?！敬鸢浮?5.scars16.began17.where【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了好萊塢明星娜奧米?沃茨的成長經(jīng)歷?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：娜奧米?沃茨，好萊塢最偉大的明星之一，1968年9月28日出生于英國。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短語“oneof+形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，意為“最……的……之一”，“star”意為“明星”，為可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)形式為“stars”。故填stars。【16題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：七歲時，她開始跟隨母親和哥哥在英國各地旅行，直到1982年他們在澳大利亞定居，娜奧米說服母親讓她上表演課。根據(jù)句意和句中“Atseven”可知，句中陳述的是娜奧米七歲時的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時,“begin”意為“開始”,動詞詞性，過去式為“began”。故填began。17題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：七歲時，她開始跟隨母親和哥哥在英國各地旅行，直到1982年他們在澳大利亞定居，娜奧米說服母親讓她上表演課。分析句子可知，句子為限制性定語從句，先行詞為“Australia”，在從句中作地點狀語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞“where”引導(dǎo)從句。故填where。【答案】18.topredictwhileembarrassed【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，主要講述了什么是人格以及理解人格的作用?！?8題詳解】考查不定式和動詞短語。句意：理解人格可以讓我們預(yù)測人們對待特定情況的反應(yīng)，以及他們的喜好和價值。allowsbtodosth是固定短語，意為“允許某人做某事"，故填topredict?！?9題詳解】考杳并列連詞。句意：例如，一個人在面對新的經(jīng)歷時可能會高興地跳起來，而一個害羞的人可能會在一大群人面前感到尷尬。前后分句表達對比含義，故填while?！?()題詳解】考杳形容詞。句意：例如，一個人在面對新的經(jīng)歷時可能會高興地跳起來，而一個害羞的人可能會在一大群人面前感到尷尬。feel后面接形容詞作表語，修飾人用ed形容詞，故填embarrassed。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）【答案】21.B22.C23.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。作者收集大量專家對書推薦的數(shù)據(jù)，然后向讀者推薦一些有史以來最重要的書。[21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題o由文章第三段“ThebookisthemostdetailedandthrillingaccountoftheeventsthatledtothedestructionoftheTwinTowers,basedonfiveyearsofresearchandhundredsofinterviews."（這本書是最詳細且驚心動魄地描述那些導(dǎo)致雙子塔毀滅的事件，以五年來的研究和成百上千的調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)。）可知，TheLoomingTowerbyLawrenceWright這本書描述的是TwinTowerso故選B項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“Ammonite,Griffith'sfirstsciencefiction,whichwaspublishedin1992,wontheLambdaAwardandtheJamesTiptreeJrAward?*（Ammonite是Griffith的第一本科幻小說，出版于1992年,而且獲得Lambda獎和JamesTiptreeJr獎。）可知,Ammonite是一本科幻小說。故選C項。[23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Wehavetheworld'slargestcollectionofexpertbookrecommendations.Thefollowingarebooksthathavebeenrecommendedoverandoveragain,M（我們擁有世界上最大專家對書的推薦的收集數(shù)據(jù)，下面是一些不斷被推薦的書籍。）可知，文章推薦的書籍都是專家們多次推薦的。故選B項?！敬鸢浮?4.A25.C26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過講述一個年輕女子努力實現(xiàn)自己目標的故事，來表達如果沒有一個強有力的理由或FI標，生活中的任何事情都是困難的。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"IoncemetayoungwomanwhohaddrcamsofswimmingfortheU.SOlympicteam.Shehadtogetupeverymorningal4a.m.toswimfor3hoursbeforegoingtoschool.ShedidnotpartywithherfriendsonSaturdaynight.Shehadtostudyandkeephergradesup,justlikeeveryoneelse.（我曾經(jīng)遇到過一位年輕女子，她夢想成為美國奧運代表隊的一員。她每天早上4點起床，游泳3個小時后才去上學(xué)。星期六晚上她沒有和朋友聚會。她必須學(xué)習(xí)，保持好成績，就像其他人一樣）”可知，文章以一個年輕女子的故事開頭，所以是舉例子開頭。故選A項。[25題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Shesimplysaid,“IdoitformyselfandthepeopleIlove.Il'slovethatgetsmeoverthehurdlesandsacrifices."（她只是說，“我這么做是為了我自己和我愛的人。是愛讓我克服障礙和犧牲?？芍?，此處是年輕女子在解釋是什么讓她一直堅持，所以前面是作者在問她是什么促使她有如此超人的野心和犧牲，所以compelled此處是“促使”之意，與forced意思相近。故選C項?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Firsllhe"don'twants”,fbrtheycreatethe“wants”.（首先是“不想要”，因為它們創(chuàng)造了“想要“）”可知，“想要”來自“不想要”。故選B項。【27題詳解】推理判斷題題。根據(jù)第六段中“Ihavelostmoneyandbeensetbackmanytimes,butitwasthedeepemotionalreasonsIhalkeptmestandingupandgoingforward.Iwantedtobefreebyage40,butittookmeuntilIwas47withmanylearningexperiencesalongtheway.（我已經(jīng)失去了錢，多次被挫敗，但正是深層次的情感原因讓我站起來繼續(xù)前進。我想在40歲時自由，但我直到47歲才實現(xiàn)，一路上有很多學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷）”以及第七段“IwishIcouldsayitwaseasy.Itwasn't,butitwasn'thardeither.Butwithoutastrongreasonorpurposeanythinginlifeishard.（我希望我能說這很容易。不是，但也不難。但如果沒有一個強有力的理由或目標，生活中的任何事情都是困難的）”可知，后文是對劃線句子的解釋，所以從劃線的句子中了解到，在現(xiàn)實中，沒有更深層次的情感原因，我們可能會遇到更多的障礙。故選D項?！敬鸢浮?8.D29.A30.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。大多數(shù)成功人士都很關(guān)注自身健康，最近的研究表明健康與成功有聯(lián)系?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的aSuccessfulpersons1汰elyshowupatthehealthclubconsistently,workwithapersonaltrainer,orgetupafewminutesearlyforaheartelevatingjog.Successfulpeopleliketojumpstarttheirdaywithplentyofenergyandthefeel-goodendorphins（內(nèi)啡肽）thatexerciseoffers.（成功人士可能會經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在健康俱樂部，與私人教練一起工作，或早起幾分鐘進行提升心臟的慢跑。成功人士喜歡以充沛的精力和運動帶來的讓人感覺良好的內(nèi)啡肽開始新的一天）”可知，成功人士可能會經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在健康俱樂部、與私人教練一起鍛煉或早起慢跑。由此可推知，成功人上往往更關(guān)注自己的健康狀況。故選D項?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Whenaskedaboutobesity,75%ofmanagerssaidthatbeingoverweightisa''seriouscareerimpediment（妨礙）”.Dotheseresponsesreflectourobsessionwithweightlossandmirrortheconstantreportsofskinnyimagesinpopularcullure?（當被問及肥胖問題時，75%的管理者表示，超重是“嚴重的職業(yè)障礙”。這些回應(yīng)是否反映了我們對減肥的obsession,并反映了流行文化中不斷報道的瘦削形象?）”可知，當被問及肥胖問題時，有高達75%的管理者表示，超重是“嚴重的職業(yè)障礙”。因此下文問到了“這些回應(yīng)是否反映了我們對減肥的癡迷”。obsession為名詞，表示“癡迷、著魔"，與craze互為同義表達。故選A項。【30題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Further,aleadingmanagersearchcompanysurveyedmorethan1,300managers.Whenaskedtodescribetheirviewpointsofweightandwork,75%saidgoodphysicalfitnessis“criticalfbrcareersuccessatthemanagerlevel."17%,bycontrast,saidstayinginshapeis“anicegoal,butsecondarytogoodfitness."（此外，一家領(lǐng)頭經(jīng)理獵頭公司調(diào)查了1300多名經(jīng)理。當被問及他們對體重和工作的看法時，75%的人認為良好的身體素質(zhì)”對管理者的職業(yè)成功至關(guān)重要”。相比之下，17%的人說保持身材是“一個很好的目標，但次于良好的身體素質(zhì)“）”可知，經(jīng)理獵頭公司的研究表明，良好的身體素質(zhì)對職業(yè)成功至關(guān)重要。故選B項?！敬鸢浮?1.C32.A33.D34.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了極限運動的成功與風險。[31題詳解】推理判斷題。分析文章第二段第二句"Henotesthatmostofushitanaturalceilingthatlimitsourappetiteforextremeriskintrickyconditions.w（他指出，我們中的大多數(shù)人達到了一個自然的上限,這個（自然上限）限制了我們在復(fù)雜條件下對極端風險的欲望。）可知，這里含有一個定語從句，先行詞為anaturalceiling,定語從句對anaturalceiling進行修飾，“限制了我們在復(fù):雜條件下對極端風險的欲望”說明許多人不想做極限運動。故選C項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段開頭提到的“groupsclimbingEverest”（攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的團體）和第二句“T。me,thatjustseemsliketheheightofrisk,^^hesaid.uButtothemitwasthenextstepinanactivitythatthey,vepreparedforyears."（“在我看來，這似乎是最大的風險，”他說。“但對他們來說，這是他們準備多年的一項活動的下一步。"）可知，登山者為挑戰(zhàn)做了大量的準備。故選A項?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段第—句“Anotheraspectofriskperception（認知）maybesomethingreferredtoas“theflow"，astateinwhichmanyathletesbecomeabsorbedintheactsthatfbcusthemindcompletelyonthepresent.^^（風險認知的另一個方面可能是被稱之為“心流”的東西，在這種狀態(tài)下，許多運動員全神貫注于將精力完全集中在當下的行為。）以及后面的進一步解釋可知，本段要點就是“theflow”這種特定的精神狀態(tài)會使你更有可能去嘗試一項活動。故選D項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Peopleofdifferentskilllevelsexperiencetheflowatdifferentlimes.Somemayalwaysbedriventoadventuresthatothersconsiderextreme.M（不同技能水平的人在不同的時間體驗這種流動。一些人可能總是被驅(qū)使去冒險，而另一些人則認為是極端的。）以及后文所舉的事例可知，不同的技能水平的人有自己不同的選擇，所以冒險是你可以選擇做或選擇避免的事情。故選A項?！军c睹】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括（如議論文中尋找表達作者觀點態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點的形容詞）。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點時，務(wù)必牢記作者的觀點才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。例如本文第3題，第五段的要點，就在段落第一句.匕準確理解了段落第一句，也就抓住了段落要點。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，共10分）【答案】35.B36.F37.C38.E39.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種名為“自動化”的行為模式，可以有助于人們養(yǎng)成新的好習(xí)慣。自動化強調(diào)了小的變化對產(chǎn)生大的不同的影響。心理學(xué)家KahinaLouis也提出了自己對此的看法?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)上文Anyonewho'striedtoaddsomethingnewtotheirroutineknowsonething:Buildingnewhabitsisn'teasy.可知任何試圖在日常生活中增加一些新東西的人都知道一件事：養(yǎng)成新習(xí)慣并不容易。由此可知，本句承接上文說明為什么養(yǎng)成新的習(xí)慣不容易，這是因為養(yǎng)成新的習(xí)慣需要時間和堅持。上文中Buildingnewhabits對應(yīng)到B選項中的It。故B選項”這需要時間和堅持”符合.上下文語境，故選B。【36題詳解】根據(jù)后文Forexample:Ifyouwanttosavemorebutitseemsdifficulttoachieve,trytransferringfivedollarstoyoursavingsaccounteachtimeyoubuylunchduringtheweek.Ifyouwanttodomoresportsbutaren'tmotivatedtogotothegymeveryday,trydoing5pushupsaftereachtimeyouusetherestroom.可知例如:如果你想存更多的錢，但似乎很難做到，那就試著每周每次買午餐時把5美元轉(zhuǎn)到你的儲蓄賬戶上。如果你想做更多的運動，但又不想每天都去健身房，那就試試每次上完廁所后做5個俯臥撐吧。由此可知，自動化的意思是在你原有的習(xí)慣上增加新的習(xí)慣。故F選項“它是你把你想要的新習(xí)慣添加到已有的習(xí)慣上”符合上下文語境，故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Automationworkswellindevelopingnewbehaviorpatternsbecausei（involvestheuseofpositivereinforcement,whichisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsfbrbehaviorchange,“KahinaLouis,apsychologist,tellsShine.可知心理學(xué)家KahinaLouis告訴Shine網(wǎng)站：“自動化在開發(fā)新的行為模式方面效果很好，因為它涉及到枳極強化的使用，這是改變行為最有力的工具之一?！庇纱丝芍?，自動化是有效的改變行為的工具之一。故C選項“但它在嘗試的過程中是有效的”符合上下文語境，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Asyoushowyourselfeachsmallchangeyou'vemade,you'regivingyourselfthemessagethatyouarec叩ableofaccomplishment,Louissays.可知Louis說：“當你向自己展示你所做的每一個小改變時，你給了自己一個信息：你有能力完成這些改變?！庇纱丝芍?，這些小的步驟會激發(fā)你的自信，讓你相信自己有能力完成這些改變。故E選項“這些小步驟會激發(fā)你的動力和自信”符合上下文語境，故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文Takealookatwhatthingsyoukeepdoingthroughoutthedayorcourseoftheweektodecidewhentoaddnewautomation.Louissays,“Forexample:Ifyouknowthatyou'realwaysextremelytiredafterwork,thenyoumightconsiderpickinganautohabitthatoccursinyourmorningroutineratherthanintheevening.“可知看看你每天或每周都在做些什么來決定什么時候添加新的自動化。Louis說：“例如如果你知道你下班后總是特別累，那么你可以考慮選擇一個在早上而不是晚上養(yǎng)成的開車習(xí)慣。”由此可知本段是在建議要找到自己的自動習(xí)慣。故A選項“找到你自動習(xí)慣”符合上下文語境，故選A。第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）［答案］40.Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.Ratherthanreactwisely,highlyemotionalpeopletendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.Itsimportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol,sowhenyougethurt,youshouldne"herHeio〃arynordostupidthingsforrevenge.Accordingtothepassage,it'sokayfbryoutofeelangry,justnotout-of-controlangry.Imanagemyemotionsintwoways.Firstly,Ilikewritingdownmybadfeelings,whichenablesmetoletgoofthemsothatIcanfocusmoreonwhatmakesmecheerful.Secondly,whenconflictoccurs,ithelpstotalkopenlyaboutmyfeelingsandthoughts.Iimprovemyemotionalcontrolfromtwoaspects.Wheninconflictwithothers,Iaddressitwithashoe-shiftingview,whichhelpsmebelterunderstand（hemandavoidhighlyemotionalresponse.Asfbrmynegativefeelings,Iprefertoletthemoutinahealthyway,suchasrunningorsinging,whichbenefitsmeemotionally.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是什么是情商，高情商和低情商的人分別有什么表現(xiàn)?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的"Emolionalintelligencerefersto（heabilityloidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.（情商指的是識別和調(diào)節(jié)自己情緒的能力。）”可知，情商指的是識別和調(diào)節(jié)自己情緒的能力，故答案為Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions＜）[41題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Weallknowhighlyemotionalpeople.Ratherthanreactwisely,theytendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.（我們都認識高度情緒化的人。他們沒有做出明智的反應(yīng)，而是傾向于讓自己的情緒控制自己的生活，經(jīng)常說或做一些事后可能會后悔的事情。）”可知，高度情緒化的人傾向于讓他們的情緒控制他們的生活，經(jīng)常說或做?些事后可能會后悔的事情，故答案為Ratherthanreactwisely,highlyemotionalpeopletendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregreto【42題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Itmeansyouknowitisokaytobeangry,justnotout-of-controlangry.Youknowit'sokaytofeelhurt,butitisnotokaytodosomethingstupidinthenameofrevenge（報復(fù)）.（這意味著你知道生氣是可以的，只是不要失控。你知道受傷是可以的，但以復(fù)仇的名義做傻事就不對了。）”可知，題干中說“shouldneithergetangry（都不應(yīng)該生氣）”是不對的，故答案為It'simportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol,sowhenyougethurt,youshouldneithergetangrynordostupidthingsforrevenge.Accordingtothepassage,il'sokayfbryoutofeelangry,justnotout-of-conlrolangry.?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)客觀事實，首先，我喜歡寫下我的不好的感覺，這能讓我放開它們，這樣我就能更多地關(guān)注讓我快樂的事情。其次，當沖突發(fā)生時，公開談?wù)撐业母惺芎拖敕〞袔椭?。故答案?managemyemotionsintwoways.Firstly,Ilikewritingdownmybadfeelings,whichenablesmetoletgoofthemsothatIcanfocusmoreonwhatmakesmecheerful.Secondly,whenconflictoccurs,ithelpstotalkopenlyaboutmyfeelingsandthoughts.。第二節(jié)（20分）【答案】DearJim,ThesuccessfulpersoninmymindisZhangDingyu,whohasinfluencedmealot.ZhangDingyubecamethepresidentofJinyintanHospitalin2016andworkedhardforthedevelopmentofthehospital.Unfortunately,hewasdiagnosedwithALStwoyearslater.However,hewastotallycommittedtohiswork.Especiallyduringtheoutbreakof（hepandemicofCOVID-19,hewasdedicatedtohelpingthepatientstogettimelytreatmentandpaidlittleattentiontohisownhealth.Inmyopinion,heisasuccessfulperson,becauseIcanseethetruemeaningofsuccessfromhim,whichistomakecommitmenttowhatyoudoandhelptomaketheworldabetterplacetolivein.Iwouldliketolearnhisdedicationtoworkandhispositiveattitudetolife.Yours,LiHua【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給英國朋友Jim寫一封信，介紹一位你所欽佩的成功人物。【詳解】1.詞匯積累不幸地：unfortunately—>unkickily然而：however—?nevertheless關(guān)注：payattentionto—*takenoticeof在我看來：inmyopinion—>inmyview2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：However,hewastotallycommittedtohiswork.拓展句:Althoughhewasill,hewasstilltotallycommittedtohiswork.【點睛】[高分句型1]ThesuccessfulpersoninmymindisZhangDingyu,whohasinHuencedmealol.（運用了who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）[高分句型2]Inmyopinion,heisasuccessfulperson,becauseIcanseethetruemeaningofsuccessfromhim,whichistomakecommitmenttowhatyoudoandhelptomaketheworldabetterplacetolivein.（運用了because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句、which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句和what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題;每小題1分，共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Sixteenyearsago,Jasonwasacollegeprofessor11ahugesix-bedroomhouseandafortuneoftwomilliondollars.Afewyearsago.heknewmillionsofpeoplediedofhungereveryyear,andtherewereplaceswithnoschoolsandnoteachers.Thisworriedhimalotandhefeltguiltybeingarichmanwithout12(do)anything.Therefore,hegaveawayallhismoneytocharities.''Success13(notmeasure)byhowmuchmoneyyouhave14byhowyouunderstandthetruemeaningoflife.44saidJason.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。NaomiWatts,oneofHollywood'sgreatest15(star),wasborninEnglandon28lhSeptember,1968.Atsevenshe16(begin)tofollowhermotherandherbrotheraroundEnglanduntilin1982theysettledinAustralia17Naomipersuadedhermothertolethertakeactingclasses.Afterbitpartsincommercials,shelandedherfirstroleinForLoveAlone.LaterherpartinthefilmMulhollandDriveshowedherstrongactingabilityandearnedmuchrespect.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Yourpersonalityshapesyou.Personalityisthecharacteristicpatternsofthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorsthatmakeapersonunique.Understandingpersonalityallowsus18(predict)howpeoplewillrespondtocertainsituationsandwhattheypreferandvalue.Forexample,anoutgoingpersonmayjumpforjoywhenfacingnewexperiences,19ashypersonmayfeel20(embarrass)infrontofalargegroupofpeople.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ALookingfbragoodbook?Wehavetheworld'slargestcollectionofexpertbookrecommendations.Thefollowingarebooks(hathavebeenrecommendedoverandoveragain,suggestingtheyaresomeofthemostimportantbookseverwritten.AtomicHabitsbyJamesClearAtomicHabits,publishedin2018,willreshapeChewayyouthinkaboutprogressandsuccess,andgiveyouthetoolsandstrategiesyouneedtotransformyourhabits.Ifyou'rehavingtroublechangingyourhabits,theproblemisyoursystem.Badhabitsrepeatthemselvesagainandagainbecauseyouhavethewrongsystemforchange.JaniesClearwillhelpyougetaprovensystemthatcantakeyoutonewheights.TheLoomingTowerbyLawrenceWrightTheLoomingTowerbyLawrenceWrightwaspublishedin2014.ThebookisthemostdetailedandthrillingaccountoftheeventsthatledtothedestructionoftheTwinTowers,basedonfiveyearsofresearchandhundredsofinterviews.AmmonitebyNicolaGriffithAmmonite,Griffith'sfirstsciencefiction,whichwaspublishedin1992,wontheLambdaAwardandtheJamesTiptreeJrAward.Ittellsusathrillingstory:AhumanexpeditiontotheplanetJeepisnearlywipedoutbyavinis(hatkillsall(hemenandmostofthewomen.Somecenturieslater,Margheissenttotestavaccineonthepeoplethere.Asshelivesandmovesamongthem,Marghefindsherselfchangedinunexpectedways.WaldenbyHenryDavidThoreauFirstpublishedin1854,WaldendetailsThoreau'sexperiencesoverthecourseoftwoyears,twomonths,and(wodaysinacabinhebuillnearWaldenPond,inwoodlandownedbyhisfriendRalphWaldoEmerson,nearConcord,Massachusetts.Thebookcompressesthetimeintoasinglecalendaryearandusespassagesoffourseasonstosymbolizehumandevelopment.WhowrotethebookaboutthedisasteroftheTwinTowers?A.JamesClear.B.LawrenceWright.C.NicolaGriffith.D.HenryDavidThoreau.Whichbookisthebestchoiceforthepeoplewholovesciencefictions?A.AtomicHabits.B.TheLoomingTower.C.Ammonite.D.Walden.Accordingtothepassage,thefourbooksareall.A.aboutthrillingstoriesB.recommendedbyexpertsC.newlypublishedbooksD.helpfulinshapingyourhabitsBIoncemetayoungwomanwhohaddreamsofswimmingfortheU.SOlympicteam.Shehadtogetupeverymorningat4a.m.toswimfor3hoursbeforegoingtoschool.ShedidnotpartywithherfriendsonSaturdaynight.Shehadtostudyandkeephergradesup,justlikeeveryoneelse.WhenIaskedherwhatcom—vllcdherwithsuchsuper-humanambitionandsacrifice(犧牲).Shesimplysaid.“IdoitfbrmyselfandthepeopleIlove,h'slovethatgetsmeoverthehurdlesandsacrifices.”Areasonorapurposeisacombinationof“wants”and"don'twants^^.Whenpeopleaskmewhatmyreasonfbrwantingtoberichis,itisacombinationofdeepemotional-wants"and"don'twants**.Iwilllistafew.Firstthe"don'twants”,fbrtheycreatethe“wants”.Idon'twanttoworkallmylife.1don'twantwhatmyparentsaspiredfbr,whichwasjobsecurityandabighouse.Idon'tlikebeinganemployee.Ihateditthatmydadalwaysmissedmyfootballgamesbecausehewassobusyworkingonhiscareer.1hateditwhenmydadworkedhardallhislifeandthegovernmenttookmostofwhatheworkedforathisdeath.Nowthe“wants”.IwanttobefreetotraveltheworldandliveinthelifestyleIlove.1wanttobeyoungwhenIdothis.Iwantcontrolovermytimeandmylife.Iwantmoneytoworkforme.Thosearemydeep-seatedemotionalreasons.Whatareyours?Iftheyarenorstrongenough,therealilyof」heroadaheadmaybegieater[hanyourreasons.Ihavelostmoneyandbeensetbackmanytimes,butitwasthedeepemotionalreasonsthatkeptmestandingupandgoingforward.Iwantedtobefreebyage40.butittookmeuntilIwas47withmanylearningexperiencesalongtheway.IwishIcouldsayitwaseasy.Itwasn't,butitwasn'thardeither.Butwithoutastrongreasonorpurposeanythinginlifeishard.Thepassageisstartedby.A.givinganexampleB.explainingthecausesC.pointingoutsimilaritiesD.describingthedifferencesTheunderlinedword“compelled“inPara.2probablymeans.A.committedB.inspiredC.forcedD.combinedWeknowfromthepassagethat.A.the"wants”leadtothe“don'twants”B.the“wants"comefromthe"don'twants^^C.the“don'twants”havelittletodowiththe"wants”D.the"don'twants“aremoreimportantthanthe“wants”WhatcanwclearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinPara.6?Therealityisgreaterthanthedeepemotionalreasons.Withstrongeremotionalreasons,lifemustbemucheasier.Withdeeperemotionalreasons,theroadaheadislikely（obeharder.Inreality,wcmaymeetmanymoreobstacleswithoutdeeperemotionalreasons.CTheLinkbetweenFitnessandCareerSuccessIt'snomysterytosuccessfulpeoplethatthereisdirectlinkbetweensoundhealth&fitnessandsuccessintheircancerandpersonallives.Successfulpersonslikelyshowupat（hehealthclubconsistently,workwilhapersonaltrainer,orgetupafewminutesearlyforaheartelevatingjog.Successfulpeopleliketojumpstarttheirdaywithplentyofenergyandthefeel-goodendorphins（內(nèi)啡肽）thatexerciseoffers.Recentstudiesprovethedirectlinkbetweenfitnessandsuccess.Bellerabilitytofocus,improvedconfidenceandenhancedabilitytofollowthroughweredirectlyattributedtoimprovedfitnesslevelsaccordingtoa2007UniversityofGeorgiastudy.Further,aleadingmanagersearchcompanysurveyedmorethan1,300managers.Whenaskedtodescribe（heirviewpointsofweightandwork,75%saidgoodphysicalfitnessis“criticalfbrcareersuccessatthemanagerleveL,,17%,bycontrast,saidstayinginshapeis“anicegoal,butsecondarytogoodfitness.”TheCEOofthatmanagersearchfirmsaid,“Goodphysicalfitnessiscriticaltosuccessasamanagerintoday'sworkworld."Whenaskedaboutobesity,75%ofmanagerssaidthatbeingoverweightisa“seriouscareerimpediment（妨礙）Dotheseresponsesreflectourobsessionwithweightlossandmirrortheconstantreportsofskinnyimagesinpopularculture?Probablynot.Rather,thereisaverystronglinkbetweenimprovedfitnessandincreasedproductivity,enhancedabilitytosolveproblems,superiorenergy,nottomentionreducedstressandtiredness,allleadingtobetterjobperformance.Itgoeswellbeyondlookinggood.Fitpeopletendtohavebeltereatinghabitsandmissfewerdaysatworkduetoahigherresistancetoillness.Andwithcompetitioncontinuallyincreasingineveryindustry,companiesarenowrewardingemployeesandmanagerswhomisslessworkandproducemore.AstudybyJimMcKenna,aBritishresearcher,showedthatafterexercisingparticipantsreturnedtoworkmoretolerantofthemselvesandmoreforgivingoftheircolleagues.Thestudyconcludedthat“workperformancewasconsistentlyhigher,timemanagementskillsimproved,asdidmentalsharpness.^^Allittakesisinvesting3-4sessionsaweek,30-45minuteseach,toexperiencethesebenefits.Combinestrengthtrainingandcardiovascular（心血管的）exercise,alongwithsoundnutritiontospeedupyourmentalsharpness,enhanceyourproductivity,improveyourmoodandbettermanagestress.Asyourfitnesslevelincreases,likelyyourpositionontheladderofsuccesswilltoo!SuccessfulpeoplearclikelytoA.havehigherresistancetoillnessB.getmoreenergyandendorphinsCloseweightmoreeasilyD.caremoreabouttheirfitnessWhatdocstheunderlinedword“obsession”inParagraph4mean?A.craze.B.training.C.goal.D.imagination.Accordingtothestudybythemanagersearchcompany,.（hereisadirectlinkbetweenfitnessandsuccessgcx）dphysicalfitnessiscriticalfbrcareersuccessmentalsharpness,productivityandmoodcanbeimprovedpeopletendtobemoretolerantandforgivingafterexercisingDSuccessandRiskinExtremeSportsWhatisitthatdrivessometotakeextremerisks,whiletherestofushunyforthesafetyofthesidelines?LesterKeller,sports-psychologyexpert,saysthatnoteveryonehasthementalmakeuptodowellinextremesports.Henotesthatmostofushitanaturalceilingthatlimitsourappetiteforextremeriskintrickyconditions.Butothershaveamuchhighertolerancefbrrisk.Kellerpointstoatopskiracer.HetoldKellerthat“thehighelementofriskmakesyoufeelalive,testswhatyouarcmadeofandhowfaryoucantakeyourself'.Hesaidhewouldgelnervousonsomeof（hecourses,butthatthiswouldjustmakehimfightmore.Psychologistsnotethatsomepeopleseemtohaveastrongdesirefbradrenaline（腎上腺素）rushesasabehaviorseekingexcitedfeelings.Likemanyextremeathletes,EmilyCook'sappetitetorriskappearedatayoungage.UIwasagymnast,Mshesaid."Iwasoneofthosekidswhoenjoyedanddidwellatanythingwhereyouwereupsidedown."Asshestarte