2019廣州中考英語卷

..2019XX市初中畢業(yè)生學業(yè)考試一、語法選擇ThefirstastronautSincetheearliesttimes,peoplehavelookedupatthestars,themoonandtheplanets.Todaypeopleusemodernmachines1atthesky.Thisisverydifferentfromthesituation2yearsagowhenpeoplecouldonlyusetheireyes.Perhapstheydreamedof3theuniverse.Whendidhumansfirstgointospace?Thestorybegannotsoverylongago,4thefirstastronautwerenotpeople–theywereanimals.Scientistswantedtomaketravellingtospaceas5aspossibleforhumans.Sotheydecidedtoexperimentwithanimalsandtest6inspaceflights.Insects,mice,frogs,dogsandmonkeysweresomeoftheanimals7firstwentintospace.Manyofthem8,buttheyhelpedtomakespacetravelsaferforhumans.Fortheirgreatservice,we9forgettheseanimals.AlbertIIwasthefirstmonkeytogointospacein1949.Sadlyhedied10hisspaceshiplandedbackonEarth.11theresultwasdifferentforHamtheMonkey.HisstoryendedhappilywhenhereturnedtoEarth12verygoodhealth.Scientistswantedtoknowtheanswertotheimportantquestion:could13animallikeHamdothesamethingsinspaceashecoulddoonEarth?TheanswercamewhenHam14intospacein1961.Yes,hedideverythingwellandlivedfor1516years.A.lookB.tolookC.lookingD.lookedA.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsofA.exploreB.toexploreC.exploredD.exploringA.asB.orC.butD.soA.safeB.saferC.safestD.thesafestA.theyB.themC.theirD.theirsA.whomB.whatC.thatD.whoseA.dieB.diedC.havediedD.willdieA.shouldn'tB.maynotC.don'thavetoD.needn'tA.ifB.becauseC.afterD.sinceA.LuckB.LuckyC.LuckierD.LuckilyA.atB.onC.inD.forA.aB.anC.theD./A.sendsB.sentC.issentD.wassentA.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theother二、完形填空Johnsuddenlyjumpedofftheswingwithoutevenslowingdown.Hecalledoutnervously,"Mom,where'sCharlie?"Hehadjust16hehadn'tseenhisnewpuppyforoveranhour.Johnlookedaroundthegarden,behindthebushes,andunderthepicnictable.Nodog!Hismotherheardthe17inhisvoiceashecalledherasecondtime."Mom,Ican'tfindCharlie!"Shecameoutside18."Let'slookaroundthegardenfirst.Don'tworry.I'msurehe'scloseby."Bothsonandmotherwere19now,butstillnoCharlie.Theircallswerenotcompletelywasted,though.Joe,thenext-doorneighbour,andhistwodaughtersTaniaandJulie,immediatelyagreedtohelpthem20thelostdog.Butevenwithfivepeoplenowsearchingthetown'sstreets,theyhadnoluck.Charliewasstill21.TaniasuggestedtheymakeposterswithCharlie's22.Shehaddonethiswhenherowncatwaslostayearearlier,shetoldJohn,andthecatwasfoundthenextday.Johnagreed.Whentheygothome,hemadeaposterwithaphotoofCharlie.ThenJohnhearda23andopenedhisbedroomdoor.ItwasCharlie.Johnwasgreetedwithabigwetkiss.Charliehadbeen24inthebedroomthiswholetime,sleeping.Johnhadneverbeenso25inhislife!A.decidedB.forgottenC.understoodD.realizedA.angerB.hopeC.fearD.warningA.activelyB.quicklyC.carelesslyD.annoyinglyA.shoutingB.talkingC.fightingD.thinkingA.giveupB.lookforC.runafterD.takecareofA.missingB.asleepC.takenD.quietA.addressB.characterC.nameD.pictureA.messageB.noiseC.voiceD.songA.shutB.wokenC.tiedD.savedA.afraidB.sillyC.happyD.proud三、閱讀第一節(jié)閱讀理解AAnelephantandacrocodilewereoncestandingbesideariver.Theyweredisputingwhichwasthebetteranimal."Lookatmystrength,"saidtheelephant."Icanpullupatree,rootsandall,withmytrunk.""Ah!Butyourskinisnotnearlysothickasmine,"repliedthecrocodile."Noknifeortoothcancutthroughit."Justastheywerecomingtoblows,alionhappenedtopass."Mydearfriends!"saidtheKingofallanimals,goinguptothem."Letmeknowthecauseofyourdisagreement.""Willyoukindlytelluswhichisthebetteranimal?"criedbothatonce."Certainly,"saidthelion,pointingacrosstheriver."Doyouseethesoldier'smetalhatonthatwall?""Yes!"repliedthebeasts."Well,then,"continuedthelion,"goandgetittome,andIshallbeablethentodecidebetweenyou."Uponhearingthis,offtheystarted.Thecrocodile,beingusedtothewater,reachedtheoppositesideoftheriverfirst,andwassoonstandingbesidethewall.Herehewaitedtilltheelephantcameup.Theelephant,seeingthatthecrocodilehadnoreachingtheirgoal,raisedhislongtrunk,andtookdownthehatquiteeasily.Theythenmadetheirwaytogetherbackagainacrosstheriver.Theelephantwastryingtokeepupwiththefast-movingcrocodileinthewaterandbecamecareless.Whenhewasforcedtoturnsharplytoavoidafloatingtreebranch,theelephantdroppedthehatanditfelltotheriverbottom.Thecrocodilenoticedtheaccident,sodownthedived,andbroughtitupinhishugemouth.Theythenreturned,andthecrocodilelaidthemetalhatatthelion'sfeet.TheKingtookitup,andturningtotheelephant,said:"You,becauseofyoursizeandtrunk,wereabletoreachthehatonthewallbut,havinglostit,youwereunabletogetitback.Andyou,"saidtheliontothecrocodile,"althoughunabletoreachthehat,wereabletodiveforitandsaveit.Youarebothwiseandableinyourownways.Oneisnobetterthantheother.Theunderlinedword"disputing"inParagraph1means.playingB.quarrellingC.complainingD.decidingWhatdidthecrocodilethinkwasbestabouthimself?A.Hisbigmouth.B.Hisstrongskin.C.Hisswimmingskill.D.Hisdangerousteeth.Howdidtheliondealwiththeanimals'disagreement?A.Heorderedthemtofight.B.Hemadeaquickdecision.C.Hesuggestedacompetition.D.Heaskedthemtodescribethemselves.Whatcausedtheelephanttodropthehat?A.Thehatgotwetintheriver.B.Hehitafloatingtreebranch.C.Hewastryingtoswimmingtoofast.D.Hewantedtofightthecrocodile.Howweretheelephantandthecrocodileabletocompletetheirtask?A.Byworkingtogether.B.Byplanningcarefully.C.Bysharingtheirideas.D.Bylisteningtothelion.BTheysaythat"travelisthebestteacher"andthereisnobetterexampleofthisideathantheMingdynastytravelwriterandgeographerXuXiake<1587-1641>.HisbookTheTravelNotesofXuXiake,notonlyencouragedaloveoftravellingamongChinesepeoplebutprovidedimportantscientificinformationaboutthecountry'slandandgeography.BornintoawealthyJiangyinfamily,Xubecameinterestedinbooksaboutdifferentplacesatanearlyageandwantedtotravel.Whenhewas19,however,Xu'sfatherdiedandso,itseemed,didhistravellingdreams.Henowwasresponsibleforthefamilyfarmandtakingcareofhis60-year-oldmotherastraditionrequired.Buthismotherhaddifferentideas.Understandingherson'sloveoftravelandvaluingtheknowledgehecouldgetfromsuchexperience,thismodern-thinkingwomanrefusedtokeephersonathome.SheagreedthatXucouldtravelforthreemonthseveryyear,whentherewaslessfarmwork.Soattheageoftwentyandwithhismother'ssupport,Xusetoffforthefirsttime,leavingbehindnotonlyhismotherbuthisnewwifeaswell.Hewouldrepeatthisgoodbyeeachyearformostofthenext30years.Duringthistime,hetravelledthroughouttheMingkingdom,carefullystudyingthelandshepassedthroughandrecordinghisexperiencesandmanydiscoveriesinadiary.Thisdiary,whichoncehadover500,000words,wouldeventuallybecomeThetravelNotesofXuXiake.Althoughrich,Xuavoidedcomfortabletravel,preferringtogoalmosteverywhereonfoot.Thiswayhecouldresearchtheenvironmentindetailandgetatruepictureofthenaturalworld.Manyofhistripsweretohard-to-reachmountainareas,andthroughwildforestswherefewpeoplelived.Hiswillingnesstofacehardshipscameatacosthowever.Progresswasslowandtiringandhewasfrequentlysick,robbedandbeatenduringhisjourneys.SadlyXubecameseriouslyillduringhislastandlongestjourney,a4-yeartripthroughthesouthwestofChina.Hediedin1641,soonafterreturningtohishometownforthelasttime.Whenhisdiarywasfinallyprintedyearsafterhisdeath,muchofithadbeendestroyedorlost.Althoughincomplete,itstillmadeXuatravellinglegendaroundtheworld.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThegeneraldetailsofXuXiake'slifestory.B.ThedifficultiesXuXiakefacedinhistravels.C.TheimportantdiscoveriesmadebyXuXiake.D.TheyinfluenceofXu'sbookTheTravelNotesofXuXiake.32.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesXu'smother?A.Strictbutinteresting.B.Kindbutuneducated.C.Helpfulandhardworking.D.Supportiveandopen-mind.33.WhydidXupreferwalkingduringhistravels?A.Itgavehimthechancetomeetdifferentkindsofpeople.B.Ithelpedhimtosavemoneyandtravelforalongtime.C.Itallowedhimtoseeandstudytheenvironmentindetail.D.Itwastheonlywaytoreachtheplaceshewasinterested.34.WhatistrueaboutXu'sbookTheTravelNotesofXuXiake?A.ItwasonlymadepublicafterXudied.B.ItmadeXuveryfamousduringhislifetime.C.ItwasthefirsttravelbookeverwritteninChina.D.ItwasmainlyaboutthedifferentpeopleofChina.35.WhatisthecorrectorderforthefollowingeventsfromXu'slife?a.Hewentonhisfirstjourney.b.Hisbookwasfinallyprinted.c.Hereturnedtohishometownforthelasttime.d.Hedevelopedaninterestinbooksaboutotherplaces.e.Hestartedmanagingthefamilyfarmafterhisfatherdied.A.a-e-d-c-b.B.d-e-a-c-b.C.d-e-a-b-c.D.e-d-a-b-c.Cyouthnews://youthnews/your_viewShouldMuseumEntryBeFree?WithInternationalMuseumDaycomingup,todayweareaskingreaders:Shouldmuseumsbefreeorshouldpeoplehavetopayforaticket?Letusknow'yourview'.Comments:Museumarenotonlythereforenjoyment;theyareeducation.Thisiswhytheymustbefree.Whilemuseumsneedahugeamountofmoneytooperate,letthewealthypayforit.Theideaofapersonorchildinterestedinartnotbeingabletoviewitbecauseofcostiswrong.KristaChen<US>–Age15Freeentrydoesnotattractpeopleorencouragethemtoappreciateart.Generallypeoplerespectthingsthataredifficultorcostlytoget.Museumsshouldrequireregularvisitorstopayafee,butprovidefreeticketsasprizesforhigh-achievingstudentswhocanappreciatethemmore.FredSmith<NewZealand>–Age14Museumsteachpeopleabouttheirpast.Thisispartofoursharedculturethatshouldbeavailabletoeveryone,richorpoor.Peopleshouldneverbeaskedtopayanentrancefee.RobSanchez<Australia>–Age17Therearenosimpleanswer.Lowticketpricescouldhelpmuseumsstayopen.Butcompaniesandbusinessmenshouldalsoprovidemuseumswithmoremoneyandothersupport.Theyhaveasocialresponsibilitytoo.AmberWhite<UK>–Age16Ithinkmuseumsandartgalleriesshouldallbefreetothepublic.Ido,however,thinktwiceayearthemuseumsshouldorganizemoney-raisingeventstohelppayforthecostofstayingopen.LiMishao<China>–Age1536.Howmanyreaderssupporttheideaoffreemuseums?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.37.Whosuggestsmuseumsshouldregularlyholdspecialeventstocollectmoney?A.KristaChen.B.FredSmith.C.RobSanchez.D.LiMishao.38.WhydoesFredSmithbelievethatfreeticketsshouldbegiventohigh-achievingstudents?A.Studentswillthenstudyharder.B.Museumswillattractmorevisitors.C.Museumscanmakethemselvesmorefamous.D.Thesestudentscanbetterappreciatemuseums.39.WhichofthefollowingdoesAmberWhiteagreewith?A.Businessshouldoffermuseumsmorehelp.B.Peopleshouldonlypaywhattheycanafford.C.Freeentrydoesn'tencouragevisitorstomuseums.D.Everybodyshouldhaveachancetovisitmuseums.40.Whatcanweknowaboutthewebsite?A.It'squiteanewwebsite.B.ItwasstartedinAustralia.C.It'sgenerallyforyoungreaders.D.Itmainlydiscussscientifictopics.DWhilethestartofanewschoolyearisalwaysexciting,thisyearwasevenmoresoforsomestudentsatWhiteCloudPrimarySchool.Theybecametheworld'sfirstkidstobe"taught"byanelectronicteacher.Thiselectronicteacherisnotahuman-likerobotwalkingaroundtheclassroom.Instead,heisacomputer-createdheadthatappears,whenneeded,onstudents'computerorphonescreens.HisnameisBill.CreatedbytechnologycompanySmartMachines,Billisabletoshowhuman-likebehaviour.Heisdesignedtoteachaspecialprogramaboutenvironment-friendlypowercreatedbythesunandwind.Thisprogram,startedin2005,usedtobetaughtbyhumanteachers.Justlikehumanteachers,Billisabletoimmediatelyrespondtothestudents'questionandopinionsaboutthetopic.Thankstocomputercameras,heisalsoabletoseeandreacttostudents'physicalactions.Forexample,ifastudentsmilesatBill,herespondsbysmilingback.Thistwo-wayexchangehelpsgetthestudents'attention.Moreimportantly,itallowstheprogramdeveloperstoimproveBill'sbehaviourandknowledgebasewhenneeded.Theprogramhasbeenagreatsuccess,accordingtoSmartMachinesspokesmanRobertFrost.Frostsays,"Whatisinterestingtomeisthechildren'sreactiontoBill.Hereallycapturestheirattention."Frostthinkskidsdon'tfindtheexperienceofbeingtaughtbysmartmachinesasstrangeasolderpeoplebecausetheyhavegrownupinatimeofcomputersandsmartphones.Itisdoubtful,howeverthathumaneducatorswilllosetheirjobstoBillanytimesoon.Forone,thistalkinghead'sknowledgebaseisnotlarge.Moreimportantly,eventhesmartestcomputerprogramscan'tguessandreacttoalltheunexpectedsituationsthateducatorsfacedaily.Bill'sfuturemightbeasa"personaltutor",providingkidswithone-on-onehelpfordifferentsubjectsandtopics.41.WhatisBill?A.Ahuman-likerobot.B.Akindofcomputergame.C.Acomputerrecordingtool.D.Acomputer-createdtalkinghead.42.Howdoesthetwo-wayexchangehelptheprogramdevelopers?A.Itletsthemcorrectstudents'mistakes.B.ItallowsBilltorespondmorequickly.C.IthelpsthemknowhowtoimproveBill.D.Ithelpsthemstudystudents'bodylanguage.43.Theunderlinedword"they"inParagraph4refersto.A.kidsB.olderpeopleC.smartmachinesD.programdevelopers44.WhatisBillNOTgoodatdoing?A.Attractingstudents'attention.B.Understandingbodylanguage.C.Respondingtostudents'questions.D.Dealingwithunexpectedsituations.45.HowmightBillbeusedinthefutureaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Toworkashumanclassroomteachers.B.Toencouragestudents'interestincomputers.C.Togivestudentspersonalhelpwithdifferentsubjects.D.Towatchoverthebehaviourofthestudentsintheclassroom.第二節(jié)閱讀填空Smokealarms〔報警器Housefirescausemanydeathseachyearandalargenumberofthesefiresareunfortunatelysetbychildren.46Kidsmustunderstandthatthey'dbetternotplaywithfire.Youshouldkeepmatchesandlightersoutoftheirreach.47Themainjobofsuchanalarmistoprotectyouwhileyou'reasleep.Youshouldhaveasmokealarmoutsideeachbedroomandoneachfloorofyourhome.Yououghttohavetwoplansforgettingoutofyourhouseifthereisafireandpractisetheseplansinthedarkwithyourfamily.Asmokealarmwarnsyouofthedanger.48Takeactionsimmediately.Whenyoucometoacloseddoor,checkitwiththebackofyourhand.Ifitfeelshot,theremaybesmokeorfirebehindthedoor,sotakecare.Onceyouareoutofyourhouse,callthefiredepartmentfromaneighbor'shouse.Ifafamilymemberorapetiscaughtinside,youshouldn'tgobackin.Firemenknowhowtoperformrescuessafely.49Changethebatteriesatleastonceayear.Youshouldusethetestbuttoneachmonthtoseeifthealarmandbatteriesarestillworking.Asmokealarmlastsabouttenyears.Yououghttochange