精講(主謂一致)

主謂一致一、普遍性主語是復數(shù)，謂語也用復數(shù)形式，如are,were,have，主語是單數(shù)，謂語要用單數(shù)形式，如：is,was,has,works等，isarehave主謂一致：謂語動詞要與主語的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。ThenewsabouttheOlympicGames____exciting.(be)ChinaandCanada_____twoofthelargestcountries.AmericanIndians____livedinsouthernCanadaforover20,000years.BobMike

MikeandBob_____workers.Bob_____aworker.(be)isareBob_____machineseveryday.(repair)BobandMike_____machineseveryday.repairs

repair

二、特殊性：(一）下列詞后面只能跟動詞單數(shù)1.everyone,everybody,everything,anyone,anybody,anything,noone,nobody,nothing,someone,somebody,something,(none除外)等不定代詞及each,theother,little,much作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Somebody_____usingthephone.AisBareAReadingEnglishpapersandmagazines_________helpfultoourstudyofEnglishAisBareCdoDdoesA

2、如果主語是不定式、動名詞、主語從句，謂語動詞用單數(shù)Walkinginthewoods__agoodformofexercise.Whenwewillholdthemeeting__notdecidedyet.Tolearnforeignlanguages__noteasy.isisis1.Morethanonepersonhere____withthedisease.A.hasbeeninfectedB.havebeeninfectedC.hasbeeninfectingD.havebeeninfecting但是，“ＭＯＲＥ＋復數(shù)名詞＋ＴＨＡＮＯＮＥ”作句子3、由morethanone或manya修飾名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)A

主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)Twentyyears__alongtime.Tenthousanddollars__enough.Twoandthree__five.Thefiftymilesis/arecoveredbythewinnerinthreehours4.時間、距離、價格等度量衡名詞及數(shù)詞作主語，謂語可用單數(shù)形式。如表示具體的多少,強調復數(shù)意義時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式.

isisis5.有的集體名詞表達抽象的事物，如furniture（家具）clothing（衣物），jewellery（珠寶）等，盡管表達一類事物，謂語動詞仍然用單數(shù)。

Alotoffurniture

hasbeenboughtforthenewcomer.人們?yōu)檫@個新來的人買了許多家具。

7.主語形式為復數(shù)，而意義上卻是單數(shù)，諸如此類的詞有news和一些以ics結尾的學科名稱，physics，politics，economics等。如：

Thenewswasveryexciting.這個消息非常激動。6.oneof,eachof等＋復數(shù)名詞／代詞謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式．neitherof,eitherof＋復數(shù)名詞／代詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù),有時也用復數(shù)如：Neitherofusisright.8.當主語是一本書或一條格言時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。

TheArabianNightsisabookknowntoloversofEnglish.

（二）下面的詞后既可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復數(shù)。HeandI___classmates.Bothriceandwheat___growninthispartofChina.兩個或兩個以上的名詞用and作主語時，謂語用復數(shù)areare9.and如果and連接的兩個名詞指的是同一個人，同一件事或同一概念時，謂語用單數(shù)形式，and后面的名詞沒有冠詞，如：isTheworkerandwriter___togiveusatalk.TheEnglishteacherandheadteacher___MissHeisand連接兩個名詞前分別有each,every,no修飾，and后面的名詞前的every,each,no還可以省略。Each

actorand(each)actresswasinvitedtoourschool.Everyboyand(every)girlhasgotatoytrain.Noteacherand(no)studentagreestohave

classesonSunday.10.oneandahalf加復數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Oneandahalfbananaswaseatenbythemonkey.Oneandahalfyearshaspassedsincethewarbrokeout.11.用what引導的主語從句謂語的單復數(shù)取決于后面的表語。

Whatshedidisnotknown.Whattheygavemearesomebooks.

12．單復數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞根據意義決定單復數(shù)。如fish,deer,sheep,means,works（工廠）13.名詞所有格之后的名詞被省略，這種情況只指商店，工廠，住宅等，作主語時動詞一般用單數(shù)。如thebaker’sthebarbar’sthecarpenter’stheZhang’smyuncle’sThedoctor’sisonthesideofthestreet.14.集體名詞如:group,class,company,government,family,army,enemy,population,team,public,crowd等作主語時，如果強調整體，謂語用單數(shù)，如果強調個體，往往譯作“人”就用復數(shù)，Myfamilyaremusiclovers.Myfamilyisnotpooranymore.Thearmyisgoingtoremaininthistown.Thearmyhaverescuedthetravelers.Thegovernmentistobuildnewsettlementsinthenorth.Thegovernmentareholdingameetingtodiscusstheproblems.15.all(some,alot,plenty,aheap/heaps,any,part,therest,most,…percent,分數(shù)，half)+of+名詞，謂語動詞根據of后面的名詞決定，如果of后面是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)；如果of后面是名詞復數(shù)，謂語用復數(shù)形式，____ofthelandinthatdistrict____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;is B.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;is D.Twofifths;areHalfoftheapple___rotten.Halfoftheapples____rotten.Halfofhisincome___spentonbookslastmonth.Therestofthewater___notenough.Two-thirdsofthebooks_____borrowed.70percentofthesurfaceofourplanet_____coveredbywater.Lotsofdamage___causedbythefire.

isarewasareiswasis16.The+adj如果therich,thepoor,thedead,thedeaf,theliving,thewounded等作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)；表示抽象概念或指個別事物，如theunknown,theunexpected,thebeautiful等作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)Theoldarewelltakencareofinchina.Thebeautifulislovedbyall.17.people,police,cattle(牛群）+復謂Thecattlearekeptonthefarm..18.以-s結尾的名詞學科、疾病，書名、報名，劇名，國家、機構：單謂島、山、瀑布，奧運會、成雙的東西：復謂TheUniteStates____manyfamouspresidents.Hertrousers_____verydirty.Herpairoftrousers_____verydirty.Note:成雙的東西前有pairof修飾應由pair的形式決定19．一些形式為復數(shù)，意義為單數(shù)的名詞，如：trousers,glasses,scissors,shoes,compasses,chopsticksHerglassesarenew.20．一些單詞形式為復數(shù)，意義上也是復數(shù)，作主語時謂語用復數(shù)。如：goods,clothes,congratulations,earnings,remains,belongs21.none作主語時謂語既可用單數(shù)又可用復數(shù).22.all作主語指人時，謂語通常用復數(shù)形式；指物時用單數(shù)。23．在主謂倒裝的句子中，謂語和其后的主語保持一致。Betweenthetwowindowshangsapicture.24.agreat/gooddealof,alargeamountof,只與不可數(shù)名詞搭配，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Theamountof一般解釋為‘總數(shù)’后接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，謂語用單數(shù)Largeamountsof+不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用復數(shù)25．在ONEOF+復數(shù)名詞+WHO/THAT/WHICH引導的從句中的謂語用復數(shù)。但當ONE之前有THEONLY修飾時，先行詞為ONE，所以謂語用單數(shù)。Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthathavebeenasked.Shewastheonlyoneofthegirlswhowaslateforthemeeting.26．在強調句型中，對主語進行強調時，THAT/WHO后面謂語必須與主語保持一致。ItwasTomthat/wholosthisbike.27.SUCH作為代詞做主語時,謂語動詞由表語決定.Suchismyplan.Suchareourwords.28.a(large)quantityof+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)．（large)quantitiesof+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞用復數(shù)．三。一致性：29就前一致with,togetherwith,aswellasalongwith,ratherthan,but,like,including,besides,exceptMr.Black,aswellastwowomen,______attheoffice.Mr.Blacki