外文翻譯-大型井巷道貫通工程實(shí)踐

附錄LaneRoad,linkinglarge-scaleengineeringpracticeKungChenpatrioticNavyHighCourtProjectOverview80duringthelate20thcentury,wroteHillgolddepositfoundintheminingareasoutheastof27#pulse,thickveins,notlowgrade,substantialreserves,sotheychangedtheimplementationoftheexpansionproject,twoshaftextensiontobuildanewconcentrator,productionAftertheproductioncapacityof150t/d.Cyanide-widemud-anewzincconcentratorreplacementprocess#pulsewellheadlocatedinthevicinityof27todealwiththemainoreoftheHangHau,Hausunnyoredeputy.Hangthetwoawayfromthe685m,sunnyHangoretothesurfacebytheZL-30shovel5tcapacitydumptrucksloadedtotheconcentrator.Changethedesignoftheexpansionproject,themainshaft27,#networkcanbalancethehammerfordoubleupgradeto8-de-sacunderthemiddle,themiddleofahighdegreeof40m.8forthemiddleelevationof387m.Enhancethecapacityofthemainshaft200t/d.InordertoreducetheoretosurfaceshippingcostsandtoeliminateunreasonablesunnyHangreversesomeoftheoretransport,atthesametime,surfaceminingwhenshippedbytheweatherdisturbanceisplannedwellssunnymiddleextensionfrom5to6middleand6middleelevationofthesamedesignforthe387m.AndthenselectasuitableprogramthroughthemiddleofsunnyHangover6oreproduction,unitytothe27#mainshafttothesurfaceorewarehouse.Thisresultedintwoshaftextensionatthesametime,andthelevelof387meachotherthroughthetwowellsthroughlargeundergroundworks.throughtheselectionandimplementationofprogramsNatureoftheworks:In1990,theimplementationofplanstochangethedesignoftheexpansionproject,themainshaft27#pulsecomprehensiverenovationandextension,extensiontosunnywell.Twooutputshaftextension580m,togetherwiththelevelof387mthroughtheTransportationRoadway840m,whileitstotalmineworksthroughmorethan1400m.By"rockgoldminegeologicalandsurveyworkregulations"intherelevantprovisionsof,theworksarelarge-scaleprojectsthrough.Options:2shaftinextension,howtoachievetheprojectthroughtoabattlebetweentwooptions.Thefirstprogram:sunnyshaftextensionto6middle,5#pulseShihmenseealongveinstowardstheSouthEastprospecting.27#clockshaftextensionto8middle,southandhitmarshallingyardandShihmen50m,120mandthensouth-westveinwearingsee27?1#clockaftertheclockchangethisheadingtothenorthwest.Fromtheore-formingtheory,thesetwobelongtothesamenetworkstructurewithfissures,fractureduetothedegreeofstructureandtheformationofsuchfactorsastimeindependentofeachotherandlinkedtoformthetwoorebodies.Tunnelingalongthevein,throughtheinevitable.Project:387mroadwaythroughtheprojectdesignspecifications2?0m乂2?5m,large-scaletransportofmymineroadway.Uponcompletion,thesunnymiddleofalloftheaboveHangHau6orebythemiddleofIngate2?2?2sunnysecondshaftextensionprogramworksless.July1991,wearingShihmensee5#clockpulseafterthesoutheastwillopenupandprospecting,toearly1992,prospectingextendednearly600m,thistimethemainshaft27,#networkextensionjusttothemiddle8.Inordertospeedupthepacethroughtoimprovetheoperatingconditionsof6wellsfromthemiddleofsunny5#pulseprospectingtunneltest6543points,with27#8,themiddleofthenorthsideofthepulseIngate20mdirectdirectionalboring,straight-throughworksofabout400m.Programtodetermine:theadvantagesofthefirstprogramisforthepurposeofprospecting,explorationthroughintegrationwithHealth;shortcomingshavelongdistance,multi-turn,drivingconditions,evenifthelink,becauseoftheneedtoconductquasi-cuttingprojectssuchasmining,makingitdifficulttoplayashipmentRoutetask.Thesecondprogramoftheadvantagesoftheshortdistancethroughtheconstructionconditions,andthebackboneofthetransportroadwayalmostnoturn,couldsignificantlyreducethetimeperiod,costsavings,theimplementationoftheprogram,bythesecond.Verticalslideshaft,theuseofvibrationintothetubdrawingmachine,themotorvehicle4t#connectionstothemainshaft27topositionthesurfaceore.InadditiontoHangHausunny5#pulsealongtheveinsofironoreprospectinginthegoldveinswithtunneling,thestraight-throughworksbymorethan400mthroughtheveinsofrockarethecrystallizationoflimestonefootwalldioriteandneutral,hardrocksolid,isnotentitledconservation,withoutgushing,butnofault,faultandfracturezone.DriftingthroughtheworksofthemajororganizationsofworkersfromsunnyPossessionissuedbytheproductionplanconstructionsection.Mostofthemalonethefirsttunnelingprojectisplannedon28m,thatis,tocompleteadayofrockblastingandJavatasks;buthavealsoorganizedafewmonthsoftheso-calledrapidtunneling,thatis,fourclassesdaily,everytwoInsmallclassestocompleteadrivingcycle.Inthisway,themaximumdrivingspeedofeachmonth84?7m.TodriftthroughtheconstructioninNovember1992,HangHausunnyeastmeasuringpointfrom6543isalsodrivingmorethan200m,undergroundtransportdistanceandventilation,workerefficiency,andthereforedecidedtoPulse8and#27onthenorthsideofthemiddleIngaterelativelyboring27,802points.Thewholeprojectlasted2years,surveyworkinthemines,thegeneralreferencemeasurementunit243geologicalteam5"accuracyofthemeasurementresults.SunnyspotsnearwellNo.507and27#clocknearly512wellpointthecoordinatesofitsnumericaltable.throughthemeasurementmethodMinelarge-scaleprojectsthroughitstechnologyandtechnologytoensurethatthekeyliesinmeasuringtheworkandworkingmethodsofmeasurementaccuracy.AsfarasIamtodayhowtoensurethatmineoreprojectthroughthemeasurementoflarge-scalework,abriefintroductionasfollows.Miningareacontrolnetworkprofile:Ifirstbuiltmineoreproduction,measuredaftertheexploration.Miningthebasiccontrolplanenetwork243bythenuclearindustrygroupwiththeLiaoningProvincialGeologicalProspectingBureauofGeophysicalProspectingBrigadein1989andcompletedin1991.Itisbasedonnineroutes,suchasstate-levelIIIIIHilland山尖controlnetwork,suchasBeijingUniversity.Mineislocatedinthemeantime.Correspondingsurfaceofthehorizontalcontrolnetworkaccuracy.Imineformanyyearsthroughtheapplicationofteststhat,243GeologicalBrigade5"head-levelcontrolofasmalltriangulationnetwork,itsprecisioncansatisfytheengineeringrequirementsofmine.Theabove-mentionedtwopointsnearwellheadcontrolnetworkisalsoabletomeetthroughprojectneeds,withoutaseparatetestset.ThroughtheworkingmethodsofmeasurementShaftjointmeasurement:thetwoshaftsundergroundInoueContactgyrotheodolitemeasurementsareusedtodeterminethecoordinatesofwirepittheodolitepositioncoordinatestheuseofsingle-wiretransmissionmethod.Determinationofthepitwithgyrotheodoliteazimuthcoordinateswireside,thestrictimplementationofdirectionalgyrotheodoliteobservationoftherelevantprovisionsandrules,thatisadjacenttoeachotherbadswinginthevalueofnotmorethan30",wirelengthshouldbegreaterthan30m,thezerobiasnomorethan0?5grid,thetwosideofmirrorpositionandorientationknownsightwhilereadingthelevelofthetwodialreadingsbeforeandaftereachobservationnomorethan10poor."ObservationprocessisfirstmeasuredintheapparatuswhileInoueknownconstant3times.Theapparatusconstantformula:A=a+y-asitTuo-Pingandthentothedeterminationoftheunknownsideofdownholedirectionalgyroazimuthside,whichinaccordancewiththeformula:a=aTuo-Pingsit-y+A-typeconvergencefortheradialangle,geodeticlatitudeinthesurveyedareacanbeusedfortheargumentoftheabove-mentionedformula,sothecalculationofthecoordinatesofazimuthdirectionaledge.Inoueandthenbacktotheapparatusconstantdetermined3times.Inthisway,atotalof6timesbeforeandaftertheequipmentasthebasisforcalculatingtheaverageofconstantorientationwhilemineisbasedonazimuthcoordinates.Inordertoensuretheaccuracyofmeasurementthroughthisshafttwolinkstoanumberofmeasurements.Sunnyshafttwiceondifferentdatescontactmeasurement,theinitialdeterminationofedgecoordinatesazimuth3timesforpointcoordinatestransmissionof4times,twiceeachmeasuredthesameazimuthdifferencecoordinates26?6",inthescopeofallowablevalues.4Determinationofthecoordinatesofthesamepoint,theXvalueofthelargestdifferenceamong+4mm,Yvalueofmaximummutualdifference+4mm.Atthesametimeduringthecontactmeasurements,usingalongsteelruler(150m)dockingwithLevelreadingmethodsreadingSteelRulerElevationimport,transforminstrumentwithtwohigh-Determination,measuredeachotherwithlittleelevationdifferencetozero.27#pulsemeasurementshaftalsolinkedthetwo,start-edge,wireedge,azimuthdeterminationof2,thecoordinatesforpoint2.Theresultis:poorinter-azimuth112",thesamecoordinatesofeachXvalueofthemaximumdeviation+7mm,Yvalueofmaximummutualdifference+3mm,heightmeasuredintoeachotherwithlittleelevationdifference2mm.Contactthemeasurementresultsoftheseshaftstomeettheneedsoftheminethroughthemeasurement.UndergroundTheodolitetraversing:Inaccordancewiththeprincipleoflow-levelhigh-levelcontrolandprecisionthroughtheproject,inordertoreducetheaccumulationofmeasurementerrors,respectively,inthetwotunnelshaftsplacedintheangularerrorof20"gradewireforthebasiccontroltheodolitewiretoderivationofthistimesthroughthemeasurementdirectionaccordingtothedesignofroadwayconstructionandcontourmapping.havetosetupitscontents,angle-measuring,andlevelingthevolumewhileotheritems,asdescribedbelow.setup.Wireshaftroadwayfromthestartingedgelaidalongtheroadway,pointsarelocatedinthetunnelroof,thedistanceofaround30mingeneral,whentheroadwaywhendrivingforabout500mtoagroupofpermanentpoints.Pointstoleadallnumberpairsofveinsinthenorthernendforthenumber,thesoutherntipofasinglenumber,butalsobytheminewherethepulsenumber,themiddle,Unitedscheduling,suchassuchas27802,27804,6541,6543.Inthisway,toavoidconfusionanderrors.anglemeasurement.Methodusedtomeasureangle.InordertoensuretheaccuracyoftestingandcalibrationthroughtheuseoftheopticalinstrumentfactoryinSuzhou-basedtheodoliteJ2production.Precisionoftheinstrumentsinthefollowingtwoobservationsmeasuredtheforwarddirectionofafewlowandleft,beforeandafterthestandardspytransparentpaperblocktheballdownthefirstline,theilluminationlightsinthepost-testtoeachsidedifferenceof12"limitsofdeviation.Thismethodguidancethrough,notolerance.amountofedge.Measurementofwirelengthandanglemeasurementatthesametimeiscarriedoutafteridentificationoftheruler.Hangingdownatthepointoftheballunderthelinewillbeusedbeforeandafterlevelingthesamelevelastheverticaldemarcationlineofsightofthehighlevelofuseofvacantreaddistancemeasurementwith15kgpullingforceof5tostraightenthesteelrulerreadings,thedifferenceshouldbelessthan2mmeach.5timestheaverageofreadingstakenasthefinaloutcome,thespecificcalculationandcorrectionoffootplus.Bodycalculationandcorrectionoffootplus.4,ExperienceMinethroughthelarge-scaleprojects,theconstructionisverydifficultandtechnicallydemandingstrictmeasurementofImineatestofskilllevels.Worksthroughaccurate,themeasurementoftechnicalindicatorsarelowerthanorconsistentwithnationalrequirements,soImeasuredminetechnologygreatlyimproved,andbenefitedfrom,andhencethefollowingexperience:Measurementofminethroughwork,theremustbeafullymeetthetechnicalrequirementsforprecisionofheadmeasurementandcontrolnetwork.throughthesurveycannotbesloppy,notallowedtohaveasingleerror,itisnecessarytostrictlyenforcenationalnormsissuedbytheprecisiontolerancerequirements.roadwaydesigngradientforthe1%0,weuseadirectmeasurementofthelevelandtheodoliteelevationcombinedobservationsnotonlyfast,andhighprecision,thusensuringtheentireprojectthroughstandardheightmeasurementerror.indeterminingtheamountofedgeangleandthebestuseoftimeandfromtheindependentmethodsofobservation.Becausethewireistheformofsupportwires,nomorechecks.Sofromthepointofobservationtothetest4testtochecktheconditionofcircumferentialangle,closemarginnotmorethan12."Measurethelengthofthereadingsfromthe10largestmutualdifferenceofnotmorethan2mm.toguideusthroughthesurveyworkintheconstructionofanumberoftechnicalassurancetoensuretheaccuracyandmeasurementaccuracythroughfullymeetthenationalrequirementsoftheroleplayedgood.Theaboveexperienceortheexperienceofminetoldmethenextsurvey,inparticularthroughthemeasurementofminehasaverypracticalsignificanceforguidingtheotherthroughthemeasurementofrockgoldminehavereferencework.譯文：大型井巷道貫通工程實(shí)踐姚延昭陳愛國(guó)孔祥閣高海軍王占東（敖漢旗撰山子金礦）1工程概況20世紀(jì)80年代末期，撰山子金礦在礦區(qū)東南側(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)27#脈,礦脈較厚，品位不低，儲(chǔ)量可觀，于是便實(shí)施改擴(kuò)建工程，延深2條豎井，新建一座選礦廠，投產(chǎn)后生產(chǎn)能力達(dá)150t/d。采用全泥氤化-鋅粉置換工藝的新選礦廠位于27#脈井口附近，以處理該坑口礦石為主，陽(yáng)坡坑口礦石為副。而兩坑口相距僅685m，陽(yáng)坡坑口礦石提升全地表后由ZL-30鏟裝機(jī)裝入5t翻斗車運(yùn)全選礦廠。改擴(kuò)建工程設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),27#脈主豎井為雙罐平衡錘提升，計(jì)劃下掘至8中段，中段高度40m。8中段標(biāo)高為387m。主豎井提升能力達(dá)200t/d。為了減少礦石運(yùn)到地表裝運(yùn)費(fèi)用，并為消除陽(yáng)坡坑口部分礦石不合理反向運(yùn)輸，同時(shí)，地表運(yùn)礦時(shí)受天氣干擾，計(jì)劃陽(yáng)坡井從5中段延深至6中段，并使6中段設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)高同樣為387m。然后選擇一合適貫通方案，把陽(yáng)坡坑口6中段以上生產(chǎn)的礦石，統(tǒng)一運(yùn)至27#主豎井提升全地表原礦倉(cāng)。這便產(chǎn)生了2條豎井同時(shí)延深，并于387m水平2條井相互貫通的大型井巷貫通工程。2貫通方案選擇與實(shí)施工程性質(zhì)：1990年，實(shí)施改擴(kuò)建工程設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)劃,27#脈主豎井全面改造與延深,陽(yáng)坡井也要延深。2條豎井延深工程量580m，再加上387m水平的貫通運(yùn)輸大巷840m，則其總井巷貫通工程量超過(guò)1400m。按《巖金礦山地質(zhì)及測(cè)量工作條例》中有關(guān)規(guī)定,本工程屬于大型貫通工程。方案選擇：2條豎井都在延深，如何實(shí)現(xiàn)工程貫通便有兩個(gè)可行方案。第一方案：陽(yáng)坡豎井延深至6中段,石門見5#脈后，沿礦脈走向南東探礦。27#脈豎井延深至8中段，向南打50m調(diào)車場(chǎng)和石門，再向西南穿脈120m見27~1#脈后，改由此脈走向西北掘進(jìn)。從成礦理論上看,此兩脈同屬于相同的構(gòu)造裂隙,由于構(gòu)造裂隙發(fā)育程度及形成時(shí)間等因素而形成相互獨(dú)立又有聯(lián)系的兩個(gè)礦體。沿脈掘進(jìn)，必然貫通。工程實(shí)施:387m貫通工程巷道設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)格2-0mX2?5m,是我礦大型運(yùn)輸巷道。工程完成后，陽(yáng)坡坑口6中段以上所有礦石經(jīng)各中段馬頭門2-2-2第二方案陽(yáng)坡豎井延深工程量少。1991年7月，石門穿脈見5#脈后，便向南東開拓及探礦,至1992年初，探礦延伸近600m,此時(shí)27#脈主豎井剛延深至8中段。為加快貫通速度,改善作業(yè)條件，可從陽(yáng)坡井6中段5#脈探礦巷道6543測(cè)點(diǎn),與27#脈8中段北側(cè)馬頭門20m處直接定向掘進(jìn),直通工程量約400m。方案確定：第一方案優(yōu)點(diǎn)是以探礦為目的，貫通與生探結(jié)合;缺點(diǎn)有距離長(zhǎng)、彎道多、掘進(jìn)條件惡劣，即使貫通,因需再進(jìn)行采準(zhǔn)切割等工程，因而難以擔(dān)當(dāng)起運(yùn)干線的任務(wù)。第二方案優(yōu)點(diǎn)貫通距離短、施工條件好、主十運(yùn)輸巷道幾乎無(wú)彎道，可大大縮短工期，節(jié)省費(fèi)用，故按第二方案實(shí)施。垂直溜礦井，使用振動(dòng)放礦機(jī)裝入礦車，用4t電機(jī)車運(yùn)至27#脈主豎井提升全地表原礦倉(cāng)。除陽(yáng)坡坑口5#脈沿脈探礦在含金黃鐵礦石英脈掘進(jìn)之外，直通400多m工程所穿過(guò)巖石均為礦脈下盤結(jié)品灰?guī)r與中性閃長(zhǎng)巖，巖石堅(jiān)硬穩(wěn)固,不支護(hù)，無(wú)涌水,更無(wú)斷層、斷裂與破碎帶。該平巷貫通工程主要由陽(yáng)坡坑口組織工人按生產(chǎn)科下達(dá)計(jì)劃施工。其中絕大多數(shù)工程是獨(dú)頭掘進(jìn)月計(jì)劃28m,即每天只完成一個(gè)鑿巖爆破與出渣任務(wù)；但也曾組織過(guò)幾個(gè)月的所謂快速掘進(jìn)，即每天分4個(gè)小班，每?jī)蓚€(gè)小班完成一次掘進(jìn)循環(huán)。這樣，最高掘進(jìn)速度每月84?7m。平巷貫通工程施工至1992年11月，陽(yáng)坡坑口從6543測(cè)點(diǎn)向東也掘進(jìn)200余m,井下運(yùn)輸距離遠(yuǎn)，通風(fēng)條件差，工人勞動(dòng)效率降低，因而決定與27#脈8中段北側(cè)馬頭門27802測(cè)點(diǎn)相對(duì)掘進(jìn)。整個(gè)工程歷時(shí)2年多，于礦山測(cè)量工作，一般引用243地質(zhì)大隊(duì)測(cè)量小分隊(duì)5〃精度的測(cè)量成果。陽(yáng)坡近井點(diǎn)507號(hào)與27#脈近井點(diǎn)512號(hào)的坐標(biāo)數(shù)值見表。3貫通測(cè)量方法井巷大型貫通工程，其技術(shù)關(guān)鍵與技術(shù)保證在于測(cè)量工作、測(cè)量精度與工作方法。今就我礦如何保證井巷大型貫通工程的測(cè)量工作，簡(jiǎn)單介紹如下。礦區(qū)控制網(wǎng)簡(jiǎn)介：我礦是先建礦生產(chǎn)，后勘探測(cè)量。礦區(qū)平面基本控制網(wǎng)點(diǎn)分別由核工業(yè)部243地質(zhì)大隊(duì)與遼寧省地勘局地球物理勘查大隊(duì)于1989年與1991年完成。其基礎(chǔ)是國(guó)家級(jí)II等九路山及111等北大山尖控制網(wǎng)。礦區(qū)正好座落于其間。地表有相應(yīng)精度的平面控制網(wǎng)。通過(guò)我礦多年應(yīng)用檢驗(yàn)認(rèn)為，243地質(zhì)大隊(duì)5〃級(jí)小三角測(cè)量首級(jí)控制網(wǎng)，其精度完全可滿足礦山各項(xiàng)