【60天沖刺】高考二輪三輪總復(fù)習(xí) 第5模塊閱讀填空專題課件（湖南專用）

第五模塊閱讀填空考綱解讀第五模塊

│考綱解讀

此題要求考生在讀完一篇短文后，根據(jù)文中相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，填寫表格。它要求考生歸納概括文中的要點(diǎn)，并根據(jù)一定的線索把相關(guān)的內(nèi)容以表格的形式有序地表達(dá)出來。閱讀填空屬于綜合能力考查題，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀表述，主要考查考生綜合運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力。它既考查考生快速獲取信息的能力，也考查組織信息、表達(dá)信息的能力。具體地說，其能力測試要求為：1．對文章中所提供的關(guān)鍵信息的正確判斷和采集。2．適當(dāng)?shù)木湫娃D(zhuǎn)換。3．正確地使用英語解釋英語。4．原文細(xì)節(jié)信息的正確理解。5．主旨大意的歸納。命題分析第五模塊

│命題分析通過對2007年、2008年、2009年、2010年和2011年湖南省的五篇閱讀填空題的分析，從中可得到如下特點(diǎn)：1．題型特點(diǎn)的變化第五模塊

│命題分析2.語篇與試題形式特點(diǎn)的變化：第五模塊

│命題分析分析表格可知：(1)體裁：五年來都是描寫性說明文，特點(diǎn)是層次分明、要點(diǎn)突出。(2)話題：題材多為中學(xué)生熟悉、感興趣且符合中學(xué)生認(rèn)知水平和評判取向的日常話題。常見的話題是：科普知識(shí)、時(shí)文報(bào)道、史地常識(shí)、說理議論、人物介紹、社會(huì)文化和環(huán)境保護(hù)等。總體趨勢離中學(xué)生越來越近，兼顧時(shí)代性。(3)詞數(shù)：短文詞數(shù)在280詞左右，題目詞數(shù)在70詞左右，兩者比例是4：1左右。(4)題目：題目采用短語形式，簡短但信息量大。思維導(dǎo)圖、表格和提綱清晰地展示了短文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。題型探究第五模塊

│題型探究探究點(diǎn)一直接信息題一、了解直接信息題的特點(diǎn)是答題的需要。所謂直接信息題，即能直接從文章中找到答題信息句，且能直接套用文中信息句中的某個(gè)原詞或短語而不需改變其詞性，甚至不需改變其詞形。例如：根據(jù)信息句“Whatcomesfirstistokeepanopenmind,becauseeveryone’sideasdeserveconsiderationandeachgroupmembercanmakehisorherowncontribution.”判斷填空：“Keepanopenmindto________”．第五模塊

│題型探究根據(jù)信息句中的“everyone’sideasdeserveconsideration”該空應(yīng)填寫“everyone’sideas”，即為文中原短語，既沒有改變原詞的詞性，也沒有改變原詞的詞形。但有時(shí)為滿足同一單元格中表達(dá)形式一致的原則，而需改變原詞的詞形。第五模塊

│題型探究例1[2008·湖南卷]Butthissystemcandoagreatdealofgood.ArecentpaperinthejournalBioSciencetellsthatgreenroofscancontroltemperature,containwaterandcleantheair.Andmostimpressively,theycancutheatlossfromabuildingby50%,lowerair-conditioningcostsby25%,andreducetheurban-heated-islandeffectby2℃.Physical：·______

·containingwater·cleaningtheair第五模塊

│題型探究根據(jù)信息句中的“greenroofscancontroltemperature,containwaterandcleantheair”再結(jié)合該單元格中所給出的表達(dá)形式可判斷，該空應(yīng)填“controllingtemperature”，即將原詞的動(dòng)詞原形改為了動(dòng)名詞形式。第五模塊

│題型探究二、有效尋找答題信息句是答題的保證。直接信息題主要考查檢索信息的能力，因此有效快速定位信息句尤為重要?？焖賹ふ矣行畔⒕涞姆椒ㄖ饕腥N：1．在粗讀的過程中留意重要細(xì)節(jié)和關(guān)鍵處?？忌鷳?yīng)學(xué)會(huì)帶著表格信息快速瀏覽，抓住全文中心及段落大意，正確獲取信息。應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)帶著問題有意識(shí)地在細(xì)節(jié)處和關(guān)鍵處做標(biāo)記。例如，畫線段落主題句，標(biāo)記文中醒目詞time,age,number,place,suggestions,tips,ways,benefits等，注明信息詞：who,what,when,where,why,how；first,then,afterthat,next,finally；because,thus,leadto,becausedby,asaresultof；likeness,alike,justas,either…or；but,while,instead,differentfrom,onthecontrary;inaword,第五模塊塊│題型探究究insummary,etc.2．根據(jù)試試題在表表格中的的順序確確定有效效信息句句在文章章中的大大致位置置。表格是文文章框架架的體現(xiàn)現(xiàn)，其設(shè)設(shè)題一般般來說，，是按照照文章的的段落順順序來排排序的。。例如，，第1小題的答答題信息息句應(yīng)在在開頭，，而最后后一小題題的答題題信息句句應(yīng)在結(jié)結(jié)尾?？偪傊嗛喿x填空空題的10個(gè)小題的的答題信信息句在在文章中中一般是是依次出出現(xiàn)的。。3．根據(jù)試試題關(guān)鍵鍵詞的提提示尋讀讀有效信信息句。。表格中的的表達(dá)通通常以短短語或句句子出現(xiàn)現(xiàn)，因此此，考生生應(yīng)善于于判斷、、識(shí)別該該空所在在的語句句中的關(guān)關(guān)鍵詞，，再有針針對性地地帶著這這些關(guān)鍵鍵詞的提提示到文文中相應(yīng)應(yīng)段落尋尋找有效效信息句句。第五模塊塊│題型探究究三、準(zhǔn)確確理解表表格中的的語意表表達(dá)是答答題的關(guān)關(guān)鍵。表格中的的語意表表達(dá)一般般不完全全與文章章中的原原句表達(dá)達(dá)相同，，它顯得得更簡潔潔、清楚楚，其表表達(dá)方式式多為短短語，偶偶爾為句句子。因因此，找找到答題題信息句句后，考考生應(yīng)注注意分析析、比較較、推敲敲表格與與原文在在表達(dá)上上的異同同。此時(shí)時(shí)，首先先找到兩兩者在表表達(dá)上的的共同點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，再推推敲其不不同點(diǎn)，，而后分分析文中中原句的的主干結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)，比比較實(shí)詞詞的對應(yīng)應(yīng)關(guān)系。。經(jīng)過這這樣一番番思考，，一定能能敲定正正確答案案。第五模塊塊│題型探究究探究點(diǎn)二二歸納納概括題題一、歸納納概括題題的種類類：1.標(biāo)題歸納納題：根根據(jù)“文文章主旨旨句大多多出現(xiàn)在在三個(gè)位位置：文文章首段段，一段段末二段段首轉(zhuǎn)折折后信息息，文章章末段””的特點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，可有有意識(shí)地地從上述述三個(gè)位位置找到到文章主主題句，，再加以以準(zhǔn)確概概括，確確定語篇篇標(biāo)題。。此外，，常用于于概括文文章標(biāo)題題的詞有有：development,history,introduction,study,research,experiment，information,future。需注意意的是，，閱讀填填空題的的標(biāo)題表表達(dá)常以以(動(dòng))名詞短語語形式為為主。2．段落歸歸納題：：段落歸歸納概括括題常位位于表格格的左欄欄，能最最大限度度覆蓋相相應(yīng)行、、列或單單元格的的全部信信息，常常為名詞詞、名詞詞短語或或動(dòng)(名)詞短語。。第五模塊塊│題型探究究例2Activitieslikeinvestigationsaremosteffectivewhendonebysmallgroups.Herearesomemoresuggestionsforeffectiveteamperformanceduringtheseactivities:Makesureeachgroupmemberunderstandsandagreestothetaskgiventohimorher,andeveryoneknowsexactlywhen,whyandwhattodo;taketurnsdoingvarioustasksduringsimilarandrepeatedactivities;beawareofwhereothergroupmembersareandwhattheyaredoingsoastoensuresafety;beresponsibleforyourownlearning,thoughitisbynomeansunwisetocompareyourobservationswiththoseofothergroupmembers.第五模塊塊│題型探究究表格：第1題在表格格的左欄欄，所填填的詞要要求能概概括右欄欄單元格格的所有有內(nèi)容，，而根據(jù)據(jù)該段的的主題句句“Herearesomemoresuggestionsforeffectiveteamperformanceduringtheseactivities”可判斷第1空應(yīng)填寫Suggestions。第五模塊│題型探究二、歸納概概括詞的判判斷與選用用1．常見的歸歸納概括詞詞：表原原因因：：reason(for),cause(of)；表表目目的的：：purpose,aim,goal；表表種種類類：：kind,type,category,style(風(fēng)格格)；表表方方式式、、方方法法：：means,way,method，solution,approach；表表方方位位：：location,position；表表建建議議：：advice,suggestion,recommendation,tip；表表態(tài)態(tài)度度、、觀觀點(diǎn)點(diǎn)：：attitude,idea,opinion；表表用用途途、、功功能能：：use,usage,function；表表變變化化、、趨趨勢勢：：change,trend,development,rise,increase,decrease;表描描述述：：description,appearance,look,color,size,length,width,distance,height,shape；表表來來源源、、歷歷史史：：history,source,origin；第五五模模塊塊│題型型探探究究result,con事故：disaster,accident,threat；表關(guān)系：relation,第五五模模塊塊│題型型探探究究relationship；表表異異同同：：difference,similarity;表交通、運(yùn)輸輸：traffic,transportation；表時(shí)間、年年代、年齡：：date,time,age；表性別：sex；表質(zhì)量、數(shù)數(shù)量：quality,amount,quantity,number；表事件：incident,event；表反應(yīng)：response,reaction，reflection；表定義：definition；表預(yù)防：prevention,precaution；表治療：treatment,cure；表程度：degree；表信仰：belief；表人口：population；表資源：resource；表職位：position；表職業(yè)：work,job,occupation,profession；表設(shè)備：equipment(不可數(shù)),facility(可數(shù))；表跡象、征征兆：sign,symptom。需要注意意的是：在實(shí)實(shí)際做題時(shí)要要根據(jù)表格的的要求做出第五模塊│題型探究2.判定歸納概括括詞的方法：：(1)根據(jù)段落主題題句的關(guān)鍵詞詞判定概括詞詞。段落主題句多多在段首，其其次在段尾，，偶在段中，，因此在讀文文章時(shí)要尤其其注意段首尾尾，宜及時(shí)標(biāo)標(biāo)注主題句。。要善于根據(jù)據(jù)上下文的邏邏輯關(guān)系確認(rèn)認(rèn)關(guān)鍵詞。例例如上述例句句中，找到主主題句后，要要能判斷suggestions為主題句的關(guān)關(guān)鍵詞。值得得注意的是，，有時(shí)所填寫寫的概括詞不不能照抄主題題句中的關(guān)鍵鍵詞，而需根根據(jù)表達(dá)要求求改變其詞形形或詞性，甚甚至是另換一一詞。第五模塊│題型探究例3Volunteeringdoesmuchgoodtoavolunteer.Forexample,volunteeringoffersyouchancestodevelopability,skillandpersonalstrengths.Aspartofavolunteergroup,yougetfirst--handexposuretouseandlearncommunicationandteamworkdynamics.第五模塊│題型探究該段主題句““Volunteeringdoesmuchgoodtoavolunteer”的關(guān)鍵詞為““muchgood”。但顯然該空空不宜填Good。事實(shí)上根據(jù)據(jù)“doesmuchgood”可知此處是在在介紹“Volunteering”的作用或好處處，故應(yīng)填：：Benefits/Advantages/Uses。再如，根據(jù)““Volunteeringisrequiredtopromotehumanrightsandequality,andrespecttherights,dignity(尊嚴(yán))andcultureofothersaswell.”設(shè)表格如下：：第五模塊│題型探究根據(jù)句中的關(guān)關(guān)鍵詞“required”判斷該空填Requirements，即將將原來來的過過去分分詞形形式改改為名名詞復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)形形式。。(2)根據(jù)文文中信信息詞詞判定定概括括詞。。例如，，根據(jù)據(jù)how判斷用用ways,tips,methods，solutions,etc.；根據(jù)據(jù)why,because,resultin,leadto,becausedby等判斷斷用reasons,causes；根據(jù)據(jù)inshort,allinall判斷用用summary；根據(jù)據(jù)referto,be,becalled判斷用用definition；根據(jù)據(jù)therefore,thus,so,asaresult判斷用用result,conclusion；根據(jù)據(jù)find,discover判斷用用findings。第五模模塊│題型探探究例4[2009·湖南卷卷]Then,howtosolvetheproblems?Toalargedegree,itisthefashionproducersthatreallyhavethepowerandtheresponsibilitytoshapeourfuture.Therearenumerouswaysinwhichtheseproducerscanreducetheirecologicalfootprint,fromswitchingtogreenenergyandreducingenergyuse,throughselectingsustainable(可持續(xù)續(xù)使用用的)materialsandchoosinglocalsuppliers,torecycleandminimizewaste.Ontheotherhand,asconsumerswecanallmakecontributionsbyselectingenvironmentallyfriendlyclothingandreducingclothingconsumption.第五模模塊│題型探探究第82空可以以根據(jù)據(jù)“Then,howtosolvetheproblems？”可可知本本處講講問題題的解解決方方法，，故可可判斷斷填Solutions/Methods。第五模模塊│題型探探究探究點(diǎn)點(diǎn)三組組織織信息息題一、組組織信信息題題的特特點(diǎn)：：所謂組織信信息題，即即能從文中中找到信息息句，但需需轉(zhuǎn)換原詞詞的詞性或或另用新詞詞填空。例例如，根據(jù)據(jù)信息句““beresponsibleforyourownlearning,thoughitisbynomeansunwisetocompareyourobservationswiththoseofothergroupmembers.”判斷填寫““Take________forone’sownlearning””，顯然該空空應(yīng)填寫““responsibility”，即為原句句中形容詞詞responsible的名詞形式式，轉(zhuǎn)換了了詞性。組織信息題題的產(chǎn)生是是因?yàn)楸砀窀裰械谋磉_(dá)達(dá)形式不同同于原文表表達(dá)所致。。因此，找找到答題信信息句后，，考生應(yīng)注注意分析、、比較、推推敲表格與與原文在表表達(dá)上的異異同，從而而做出正確確的推第五模塊│題型探究理判斷。值值得注意的的是，所填填入的詞或或短語不僅僅要求拼寫寫正確，符符合語法規(guī)規(guī)則，還要要確保上下下左右語義義一致。二、組織信信息題的答答題技巧：：組織信息題題的答題要要求更高，，難度更大大，要求考考生不僅要要有較強(qiáng)的的閱讀能力力，還要有有豐富扎實(shí)實(shí)的英語語語言知識(shí)，，例如，要要掌握常用用同義詞和和近義詞、、必備的構(gòu)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)識(shí)和習(xí)慣搭搭配以及豐豐富的語法法知識(shí)等。。其具體答答題技巧有有：1．轉(zhuǎn)換詞詞性：例例如動(dòng)詞詞轉(zhuǎn)換為為名詞，，名詞轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)動(dòng)詞或形形容詞，，名詞或或形容詞詞轉(zhuǎn)換為為動(dòng)詞等等。例如如2007年高考湖湖南卷82題，根據(jù)據(jù)信息句句“Ontheother,students’expectationshaverisen.””將動(dòng)詞risen轉(zhuǎn)換為名名詞，確確定答案案為：Riseinexpectations。再如，，2006年高考湖湖南卷80題(fewerabsencesand__80__)，根據(jù)信信息句第五模塊塊│題型探究究“Theyalsohavefewerabsencesandarelesslikelytoblame.”可確定其其答案為為blame由動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換成名名詞，即即：lessblame。2．用名詞詞所有格格“’’s”代替of所有格。。例如2005年高考湖湖南卷79題的下一一行“Babyboomers’’old-growing”就是將文文中表達(dá)達(dá)方式““theold-growingofthe‘babyboomers’’”用“’s”所有格代代替of所有格轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換而成成。3．后置定定語、補(bǔ)補(bǔ)語等轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)化為前前置定語語：例如如將定語語從句轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)化為前前置定語語或改為為非謂語語動(dòng)詞形形式作后后置定語語，名詞詞、形容容詞、分分詞作前前置定語語等。例例如2007年高考湖湖南卷84題，根據(jù)據(jù)信息句句“Theyaretryingtomakelivingconditionsbetter””將賓補(bǔ)better轉(zhuǎn)為前置置定語確確定答案案為Betteringlivingconditions。再如2005年高考湖湖南卷81及第五模塊塊│題型探究究82題，根據(jù)據(jù)信息句句“Onelikelydevelopmentwillbe①agradualchangeinthefamilyunit…Theotherlikelydevelopmentwillbe②②achangeintheproportionofthenation’’sworkforce.”改用名詞詞作前置置定語，，分別轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換其表表達(dá)方式式為81.Familyunitchange；82.Workforceproportionchange。4．省略次次要信息息，提煉煉關(guān)鍵信信息。例例如2011年湖南卷卷的閱讀讀填空題題，將信信息句““Then,thelistenercanmakemultipleplaylistswithoutcreatinganaccount(賬戶)withthesite.””中的“withoutcreatinganaccount”進(jìn)行簡化可判判斷76題(Makemultipleplaylists__76__)填“withoutanaccount”；將信息句““Inaddition,onecanenjoyvariousartprojectsthatpeoplehavecreatedondisplayforthe第五模塊│題型探究restoftheworld”中的“enjoyvariousartprojects”進(jìn)行簡化可判判斷79題(__79__ondisplay)填“Enjoyartprojects”。5．同義轉(zhuǎn)換。。例如2010年高考湖南卷卷的閱讀填空空題，根據(jù)信信息句“Theyusuallystartoutathalfthepayofajourneyman,andthepayincreasesgraduallyastheymovefurtheralonginthejobandstudies.”的“startout”可判斷75題(halfthepayofajourneyman__75__)填“atthebeginning”。根據(jù)信息句句“Neartheendoftheapprenticeship,theirwagesareusually90percentofwhatajourneymanwouldreceive.”中的“whatajourneymanwouldreceive”可判斷76題(90%of__76__neartheend)填“ajourneyman’swages””。應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛第五模塊│應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛分析近幾年高高考，湖南高高考英語閱讀讀填空試題穩(wěn)穩(wěn)中有變。由由此預(yù)測2012年湖南高考閱閱讀填空試題題在選材上仍仍是話題符合合中學(xué)生價(jià)值值取向的描述述性說明文，，其結(jié)構(gòu)清楚楚、脈絡(luò)清晰晰，文章事實(shí)實(shí)線條較明顯顯，應(yīng)具有較較明確的信息息度。在難度度上應(yīng)與2011年持平。解答答時(shí)可遵循““四步法”：：第一步：分析析表格結(jié)構(gòu)和和內(nèi)容，準(zhǔn)確確定位填空要要求，預(yù)測文文章的框架及及大意。首先可通過分分析表格或框框架結(jié)構(gòu)及其其內(nèi)容預(yù)測文文章布局謀篇篇及大意。根根據(jù)分析，再再讀文章，可可使閱讀時(shí)有有的放矢，提提高閱讀效率率。第二步：快速速瀏覽，抓住住全文中心及及每段大意，，正確獲取信信息。第五模塊│應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛帶著第一步的的預(yù)測快速瀏瀏覽全文，把把握全文中心心及每段大意意，并注意從從各段畫出解解題需要的有有效信息句，，為下一步答答題打下基礎(chǔ)礎(chǔ)?？焖賹ふ矣行畔⒕涞姆椒椒ㄖ饕袃蓛蓚€(gè)：一是根根據(jù)試題在表表格中的順序序確定有效信信息句在文章章中的大致位位置。二是善善于抓住圖表表各欄目中所所給出的短語語關(guān)鍵詞，有有針對性地帶帶著這些關(guān)鍵鍵詞的提示到到文中相應(yīng)段段落尋找有效效信息句。第三步：認(rèn)真真分析表格，，借助已有信信息，有的放放矢答題。該步驟是答好好閱讀填空題題的關(guān)鍵。根根據(jù)表格結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)，借助第二二步獲得的閱閱讀信息，按按照要求答題題。第五模塊│應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛第四步：復(fù)查查。復(fù)查對提高答答題準(zhǔn)確率很很重要，考生生千萬不要遺遺漏這一步。。復(fù)查的主要要依據(jù)是看所所填答案是否否符合答題的的幾條原則，，其中重點(diǎn)要要復(fù)查：1.是否超過3個(gè)單詞；2.表達(dá)形式在語語法上是否一一致于同橫縱縱欄目，橫橫縱欄目內(nèi)的的表達(dá)信息是是否一致；3.單詞有無拼寫寫錯(cuò)誤，尤其其名詞單復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)與動(dòng)詞形式式方面。專題閱讀填空專題閱讀填填空真題典例專題│真題典例[2011··湖南卷]Apersonsearchesvariouswebsitesfordifferentreasons,suchasschool,work,orentertainment.Forteenagers,manyinformativeresourcesontheInternetcanbeused.Asamatteroffact,thereareeducational,musicandartwebsitesthataretrulyhelpfultoteenagers,becausetheycanhelpmakeone’slifeeasier.Educationalwebsitesarehelpfultoateenagerindoingschoolworkandsearchingforacollege.Somecanhelpstudyingfortests,explainingalesson,anddoinghomework.Somecanhelpfindtherightschools專題│真題典例basedonone’sinterests.Andstillothershavepagesdevotedtothesociallifeateachofthecollegesorthespecificactivitiesthatoccuratacertainschool.Somefreemusicsitesenableateenagertodiversifytheirmusicaltastes.Onthesesites,alltypesofmusicareavailablesuchaspop，rock,jazz,andcountry.Onecantypeinasong,categoryorartistandhisorherentirecatalogappears.Then,thelistenercanmakemultipleplaylistswithoutcreatinganaccount(賬戶)withthesite.Therearevariousartwebsitesthatcanhelpstudentstoappreciateandcreateartpieces.Onthesesites,astudentcanviewnumerousphotosandartpiecesfromdifferentmediumsorcreateanaccount專題│真題典例withthewebsitetouploadtheirartpiecesforpeopletosee.Inaddition,onecanenjoyvariousartprojectsthatpeoplehavecreatedondisplayfortherestoftheworld.TrulyinformativeresourcesareofferedontheInternet.Thebestsuggestiononecanreceiveistotrytolookfornewwebsitesthatcanhelpintheeducational,music,orartarea,soonecanbecomewell--roundedandinformed.專題│真題典例專題│真題典例【解析】1．informativeresources直接信息題題。根據(jù)第第一段Forteenagers,manyinformativeresourcesontheInternetcanbeused.可判斷。2．doschoolwork轉(zhuǎn)換信息題題。根據(jù)第第二段第一一句Educationalwebsitesarehelpfultoateenagerindoingschoolworkandsearchingforacollege.可判斷。3．isinterestedin轉(zhuǎn)換信息題題。根據(jù)第第二段Somecanhelpfindtherightschoolsbasedonone’sinterests.可判斷。4．specificschoolactivities轉(zhuǎn)換信息題題。根據(jù)第第二段Andstillothershavepagesdevotedtothesociallifeateachofthecollegesorthespecificactivitiesthatoccuratacertainschool.可判斷。專題│真題典例5．enablingone轉(zhuǎn)換信息題題。根據(jù)第第三段Somefreemusicsitesenableateenagertodiversifytheirmusicaltastes.可判斷。6．withoutanaccount轉(zhuǎn)換信息題題。根據(jù)第第三段Then,thelistenercanmakemultipleplaylistswithoutcreatinganaccount(賬戶)withthesite.可判斷。7．Artsites直接信息題題。根據(jù)第第四段Therearevariousartwebsitesthatcanhelpstudentstoappreciateandcreateartpieces.可判斷。8．Uploadartpieces轉(zhuǎn)換信息題題。根據(jù)第第四段Onthesesites,astudentcanviewnumerousphotosandartpiecesfromdifferentmediumsorcreateanaccountwiththewebsitetouploadtheirartpiecesforpeopletosee.可判斷。專題│真題典例9．Enjoyartprojects轉(zhuǎn)換換信信息息題題。。根根據(jù)據(jù)第第四四段段Inaddition,onecanenjoyvariousartprojectsthatpeoplehavecreatedondisplayfortherestoftheworld.可判判斷斷。。10．well--roundedandinformed直接接信信息息題題。。根根據(jù)據(jù)最最后后一一段段Thebestsuggestiononecanreceiveistotrytolookfornewwebsitesthatcanhelpintheeducational,music,orartarea,soonecanbecomewell--roundedandinformed.可判判斷斷。。新題預(yù)測專題題│新題題預(yù)預(yù)測測(一)Scientistsagreethatsmokingisdangerous.Thosewhosmoketoomuchmaynotlivelong.Smokingmaycausemanydiseases.Themostseriousoneislungcancer.Smokingcostsagreatdealofmoney.Smokingdoesnotjustharmthesmoker;italsoharmspeoplenearbywhobreatheinthesmoke.Smokerschoosetosmoke,butnonsmokershavetosmokepassively.Itisestimatedthatthousandsofpeoplewhohaveneversmokeddieeachyearfromdiseasescausedbybreathingsecond--handtobaccosmoke.專題│新題預(yù)測測Smokingbanscanbeseenaroundtheworld—mostlyinEurope.Thebanswouldencouragesmokerstosmokelessorgiveup.Atthesametimeithelpspreventnonsmokersfrombeingexposedtosecond-handsmoke.Fromthebeginningofthisyear,Francestartedanewsmokingbaninpublicplaces—atrestaurants,bars,hotels,casinos,discos,andcafes.Smokerswhoclingtotheirnicotinewillfacefinesof68euros($88)forlightingupinthewrongplace,whilebusinessownerswillbefined135euros.InItaly,barandrestaurantownerswillfacefinesofuptonearlythreethousanddollarsifanyoftheirguestslightup.Increasedcigarettetaxesaretheleadingfactor專題│新題預(yù)測測contributingtothesteadydeclineinthesmokingratesincethelate1990sintheUnitedStates.Butothercountriesaroundtheworlddon’thaveregulationsonsmokinginpublicordon’’tenforcethemstrictly.Thebanhasrunintoopposition,obviouslyfromsmokers.Asmokingbanviolates(侵犯)therightsofsmokersandcausesmoreproblemsthanitsolves.Somebarownersanddiscooperatorsworryabanonsmokinginpublicplaceswouldcauseadropinbusiness.Howmanypeople’sjobswillthisaffect?Ifallsmokersgiveupsmoking,wecanenjoycleanerair.專題│新題預(yù)測測專題│新題預(yù)測測【解析】1．Smokingbans綜合全文文可判斷斷。2．Harm/Dangersfromsmoking綜合右欄欄內(nèi)容可可判斷。。3．Causing(many)diseases根據(jù)第一一段Smokingmaycausemanydiseases.Themostseriousoneislungcancer.可判斷。。4．non--smokers/peoplenearby根據(jù)第一一段italsoharmspeoplenearbywhobreatheinthesmoke或butnonsmokershavetosmokepassively可判斷。。5．Smokingpassively根據(jù)第一一段butnonsmokershavetosmokepassively可判斷。。6．88根據(jù)第二二段Smokerswhoclingtotheir專題│新題預(yù)測測nicotinewillfacefinesof68euros($88)forlightingupinthewrongplace可判斷。。7．TheUnitedStates根據(jù)第二二段Increasedcigarettetaxesaretheleadingfactorcontributingtothesteadydeclineinthesmokingratesincethelate1990sintheUnitedStates.可判斷。。8．Violatingtheirrights根據(jù)第三三段Asmokingbanviolates(侵犯)therightsofsmokersandcausesmoreproblemsthanitsolves.可判斷。。9．Thebusinessowners根據(jù)第三三段Somebarownersanddiscooperatorsworryabanonsmokinginpublicplaceswouldcauseadropinbusiness.可判斷斷。10．Conclusion根據(jù)最最后一一段可可判斷斷。專題│新題預(yù)預(yù)測(二)Somechildrenarenatural-bornbosses.Theyhaveastrongneedtomakedecisions,managetheirenvironment,andleadratherthanfollow.StephenJackson,aYearOnestudent,““operatesunderthetheoryofwhat’’smineismineandwhat’’syoursismine，”sayshismother.““TheotherdayIboughttwonewStarWarslightsabers(劍).Later,IsawStephenwiththetwonewoneswhilehisbrotherwasusingthebeat--upones.”“Examinetheextendedfamily,andyou’llprobablyfindabossygrandparent,aunt,uncleorcousinineverygeneration.It’saninheritabletrait，”says專題│新題預(yù)預(yù)測RussellBarkley,aprofessorattheMedicalUniversityofSouthCarolina.Otherchildrenwhomaynotbeparticularlybossycangraduallygaindominance(支配地地位)whentheysensetheirparentsareweak,hesitant,orindisagreementwitheachother.Whetherit’’sinbornnatureordevelopedcharacteratwork,toomuchcontrolinthehandsoftheyoungisn’thealthyforchildrenorthefamily.““Fearisattherootofalotofbossybehaviour，”saysfamilypsychologistJohnTaylor.““Children，”hesaysinhisbookFromDefiancetoCooperation,“havesecretfeelingsofweaknessandadesiretofeelsafe.It’stheparents’roletoprovidethatprotection.”專題│新題預(yù)預(yù)測Whena““bosschild””doesn’tlearnlimitsathome,thestageissetforahostoftroublesoutsidethefamily.Theoverlywillfulandunbendingchildmayhavetroubleobeyingteachersorcoaches,forexample,ortroublekeepingfriends.Itcanbeprettylonelyasthetopdogifnoonelikesyourbossyways.“Iseemoreandmoreparentsgivinguptheirpower，”saysBarkley,whohasstudiedbossybehaviorformorethan30years.““Theybendtoofarbecausetheydon’’twanttobeasstrictastheirownparentswere.Buttheyalsofeellessconfidentabouttheirparentingskills.Theirkids,inturn,feelmoreanxious.””專題│新題預(yù)測Soforthesakeofthechildren,parentsshouldbestrictwiththeminasuitablewayandgetmoreknowledgetobegoodparents.專題│新題預(yù)測專題│新題預(yù)測【解析】1．Bossychildren綜合全文可可判斷。2．Natural-born根據(jù)第一段段第一句Somechildrenarenatural-bornbosses.可判斷。3．Managingtheirenvironment根據(jù)第一段段Theyhaveastrongneedtomakedecisions,managetheirenvironment,andleadratherthanfollow.可判斷。4．learninglimits根據(jù)第四段段Whena“bosschild”doesn’tlearnlimitsathome可判斷。5．Causes/Reasons綜合右欄內(nèi)內(nèi)容可判斷斷。6．(Feelingsof)Weakness根據(jù)第三段段havesecretfeelingsofweaknessandadesiretofeelsafe可判斷。專題│新題預(yù)測7．Lessconfidence根據(jù)倒數(shù)第第二段Buttheyalsofeellessconfidentabouttheirparentingskills.可判斷。8．lonelyandanxious綜合倒數(shù)第第三段Itcanbeprettylonelyasthetopdogifnoonelikesyourbossyways.和倒數(shù)第二二段Theirkids,inturn,feelmoreanxious可判斷。9．Suggestions/Tips/Advice綜合右欄內(nèi)內(nèi)容可判斷斷。10．goodparents根據(jù)最后一一段結(jié)尾getmoreknowledgetobegoodparents可判斷。專題│新題預(yù)測(三)Themotorvehiclehaskilledanddisabledmorepeopleinitsbriefhistorythananybomborweaponeverinvented.Muchofthebloodonthestreetflowsessentiallyfromcarelessandrudebehaviorofdriverswhorefusestorespectthelegalandmoralrightsofothers.Sothetrafficaccidentsontheroadmayberegardedasasocialproblem.Infact,theenemiesofsocietyonwheelsareratherharmlesspeople——justordinarypeopleactingcarelessly,youmightsay.Butitisaprinciplebothoflawandcommonmoralitythatcarelessnessisnoexcusewhenone’’sactionscouldbringdeathordamagetoothers.Aminorityofthekillersgoevenbeyond專題題│新題題預(yù)預(yù)測測carelessnesstototalnegligence(疏忽忽)．Researchershaveestimatedthatasmanyas80percentofallautomobileaccidentscanbeattributedt