完成時(shí)態(tài)的用法

完成時(shí)態(tài)的用法1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。

Ourteacherhasleft.Wehavestudied

English.Ihavealreadyfinishedthehomework.Hehashadhislunch.Hehasbecomeadoctor.Have/has+過(guò)去分詞1.構(gòu)成2.意義2）某個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,還有可能持續(xù)到將來(lái)，動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性要通過(guò)一段時(shí)間來(lái)表示。一段時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法有兩種:For:

+一段時(shí)間

forayearfortwoweeksforthreeyearsSince

：過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻,

sinceninesince

lastweek

一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,sinceyoucame.

sinceyougothome.

!:for和since所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都表示一段時(shí)間.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)都用Howlong.1）Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek.2）Hehasbeenawayforoneweek.對(duì)下列劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。練一練：1.WehavelearntEnglish_____3years.______3yearsago.HowlonghaveyoulearntEnglish?for+一段時(shí)間

since+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)就畫(huà)線提問(wèn)用howlong瞬間性動(dòng)詞不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,但是他可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.1.直接用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

buy–catch(get)acold–borrow—Come/go/become—puton—2.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+名詞

jointhearmy–JointheParty–gotoschool–Havehaveacoldkeep

bewearbeasoldierbeaPartymemberbeastudent3.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞

die—finish–begin—

leave—beawayfallsleep–beasleepclose–beclosed4.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+介詞短語(yǔ)

gotoschool–

beinschool

jointhearmy–beinthearmybedeadbeoverbeon1.我們買(mǎi)這本書(shū)三年了.Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.2.他感冒三天了.

Hehashadacoldforthreedays.Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.

Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)可以構(gòu)成同意句3.自從上星期我借的這本書(shū)Ihavekeptthebooksincelastweek.4.我成為一個(gè)學(xué)生兩年多了.Ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears.Iborrowedthebooklastweek.Ibecameastudenttwoyearsago.5.MrBlack死了三年了。MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago.6.小名參軍半年了。XiaoMinghasbeenasoldierforhalfayear.XiaoMingjoinedthearmyhalfayearago.7.我們上了8年學(xué)了。Wehavebeenstudentsforeightyears.8.下課10分鐘了。Theclasshasbeenoverfortenminutes.9.電影開(kāi)始了一小時(shí)了。

Thefilmhasbeenonforanhour.注：含延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。Shebegantoworktenyearsago.Shehasworkedsincetenyearsago.Itistenyearssinceshebegantowork.Tenyearshaspassed

sinceshebegantowork.

Shehasworkedfortenyears.1.這輛自行車(chē)我買(mǎi)了兩年了。

I’ve_____thebike___twoyears.2.HeleftNanjingtwoyearsago.He____________________Nanjingfortwoyears.3.Themonkeydiedlastmonth.Themonkey_______________foramonth.4.A:Honglong_____you____()B:Twoweeks.

A.did,getillB.have,fallenillC.were,illD.have,beenillHadforhasbeenawayfromhasbeendeadDExercises1.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_____?Ahaven’tyouBhaveyouCdoyouDdon’tyou2.--AnnhasgonetoShanghai.---So____herparents.AhasBdoCdidDhave3.–Ihavewatchedthegame.--When____you____it?AhavewatchedBdowatchCdidwatch

Dwill

watchB

D

C4.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.AlivedBhaslivedClivesDisgoingtolive5.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.AdiedBhasbeendeadCwasdeadDhasdied6.–WhereisHanMeinow?

---She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.AhasgoneBhasbeenCgoesDhadgone7.---_____totheUnitedStates?

---No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.8.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?

AdoyouBareyouChaveyouDdidyouBBADCAhas…beenBhas…goneChave…bennDhave…gone9.

Howlonghaveyou_____thefootballteamoftheschool?AbeenonBbeenatCjoinedDplayed10.---Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?----Ihave_____toDazhuwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,been

Cgone,beenDgone,gone11.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?A

bought

B

borrowedChadDlent12.

–Excuseme,____youseent