2023屆高三英語(yǔ)外刊時(shí)文諾亞方舟精讀精練講義

2023屆高三英語(yǔ)外刊時(shí)文諾亞方舟精讀精練講義內(nèi)容摘要ApaintingofNoah'sArk.TheOldTestamenttalehasnotonlyinspiredcountlessgenerationsofartists,butalsomorethanacenturyof"scientific"attemptstolocateremainsofthefabledvessel.閱讀理解Fcxmorethanacentury,peoplehavesoughttheOldTestamentvesselthatsurvivedthebiblicaldeluge.Archaeologistssayit'safool'serrand.Noah'sArkisamongthebestknownandmostcaptivatingofallOldTestamentstories:Aftercreatinghumans.GodbecamesodispleasedwiththemthathestruckEarthwithanall-enccxnpassingfloodtowipethemout-withonenoteworthy(andseaworthy)exception:thebiblicalpatriarchandhisfamily,accompaniedbypairsofeachoftheplanet'sanimals,whorodeoutthedelugeinanenormouswoodenvessel.Forpeoplewhoacceptthereligioustextasahistoricallyaccurateaccountofactualevents,thehuntforarchaeologicalevidenceoftheArkisequallycaptivating,inspiringsomeintrepidfaithfultocombtheslopesofArmenia'sMt.Araratandbeyondfortracesofthewoodenvessel.ButsearchesfortheArkdraweverythingfromexasperationtodisdainfromacademicarchaeologistsandbiblk:alscholars.MNolegitimatearchaeologistdoesthis/,saysNationalGeographicExplorerJodiMagness,anarchaeologistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,ofmodernsearchesforevidenceofNoah.-Archaeologyisnottreasurehunting.°shoadds.Mlt*snotaboutfindingaspecificobject.Ifsasciencewherewecomeupwithresearchquestionsthatwehopetoanswerbyexcavation."StoriesofdestructivefloodsandthosewhosurvivethempredatetheHebrewBible,theoldestpartsofwhicharethoughttohavebeenwritteninthe8thcenturyB.C.LegendsaboutadelugethatdestroyscivilizationatthebehestofasupernaturaldeitycanbefoundinmuhipleMesopotamiantexts,fromtheEpicofGilgamesh,whichwaswrittenaroundtheearlysecondmillenniumB.C..toarecentlydecipheredBabyloniancuneiformtabletfromabout1750B.C.describinghowthearkwasbuilt.CouldthesefloodmythsbebasedInfact?°TheredoesseemtobegeologicalevidencethattherewasamajorfloodintheBlackSearegionabout7.500yearsago.**saysNationalGeographicExplorerEricCline,anarchaeologistatGeorgeWashingtonUniversity.Butscientistsdisagreeontheextentofthatevent,justashistoriansoftheeradifferonwhetherwritingsaboutadelugewereInspiredbyrealHfe.Itseemslikelierthatfloodsweresimplyexperiencedindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimes-andthatthoseeventsnaturallymadetheirwayintotheworld'soralandwrittenloro.MWehavenowayofplacingNoah,ifhereallyexistod.andtheflood,imeandspace."saysMagness.°TheonlywayyoucoulddoterminothatwouldbeIfyouhadanauthenticancientinscription*—andoventhen,shepointsout.suchaninscriptioncouldrefertoanotherNoah,oranotherflood.ThathasnetstoppedtheproliferationofpsoudoarchaeologythatupholdstheBibi。asliteraltruth.ThefruitlesssearchesareoftenalignodwithadherentsofMyoung-earthcreationism.*thebeliefthat,dospiteevidencetothecontrary.Earthisonlythousandsofyoarsold.Partoftheproblem,saysChne.isthatthopublichasunrealisticexpectationsofthodisciplineofarchaoology-andpopularmodiahighlightsthethrillofthochaseinsteadoftheslowaccrotlonofarchaeologicalknowlodgo.''WoVenotlikeIndianaJones.Mhesays.Mlt*sascientificprocedure.Ifspainstaking.Butwhatexcitesusdoesnotnecessarilyexciteotherpeople."Inhisyoungeryears,saysCline,hespentsignificanttimeandenergyattemptingtorebutthepurportedbiblicalevidencethatenchantsthepublicyearafteryear.Eventually,though,hequit-andnowfocuseshistimeonbothhisexpeditionsandtranslatinghisresearchforthosewillingtoaccepttheresultsofthescientificprocess.,?Peoplearegonnabelievewhattheywanttobelieve/,hesighs.Thatwon*tchangeanytimesoon-sointhemeantime.he*sfocusedonunearthingan18th-centuryB.C.CanaanitepalaceatTelKabriInwhatisnownorthernIsrael.Followingapandemic-relatedpauseonfieldwork,heanticipatesreturningnextsummertocontinueexcavatingapaintedplasterfloorattheOldTestamont-erasite.°Forus.thofloorisincrediblyimportant,becauseitshowsinternationalrelationsandcontactsfromalmost4.000yearsago.**hesays."It'snotNoah'sArk.butit'sapaintedfloor.Mthearchaeologistsays,“whichisgoodonoughformo.MQuestions:果解釋給那些愿意接受由科學(xué)的過(guò)程產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果的人,A選項(xiàng)是原文的同義表述。A干擾項(xiàng)排除B選項(xiàng)說(shuō)因?yàn)樗懒巳藗儫o(wú)論如何也不會(huì)相信他。原文提到了Peoplearegonnabelievewhattheywanttobelieve,他知道人們只會(huì)相信他們?cè)敢庀嘈诺?但并不是導(dǎo)致他停止反駁的主因。(:選項(xiàng)說(shuō)因?yàn)樗辉倌贻p并且厭倦做這件事。原文雖然提到了inhisyoungeryears,但關(guān)聯(lián)牽強(qiáng)。What'sarchaeologists'attitudetoseekthevesselthatsurvivedthebiblicaldeluge?It'sfoolish.It'sinvain.It'smeaningful.WhyClinequitrebuttingthepurportedbiblicalevidencethatenchantsthepublic?Becauseheshiftsfocustoexpeditionsandshowingresearchtopeoplewhorespectforscience.Becauseheknowstheydon'tbelievehiminanycase.Becauseheisnolongeryoungandtiredofdoingthis.結(jié)構(gòu)分析考古并尊是通過(guò)尼?求目香人flU出的SfflttftE,引￡71考古學(xué)家的不澗結(jié)構(gòu)分析P2:對(duì)于諾亞方舟和大洪水是否翼實(shí)存在產(chǎn)生分歧P1:介留了諾登方舟的傳說(shuō)，且人f］一.SfflttftE,引￡71考古學(xué)家的不澗結(jié)構(gòu)分析P2:對(duì)于諾亞方舟和大洪水是否翼實(shí)存在產(chǎn)生分歧諾亞方分5大洪水在時(shí)閹粕空網(wǎng)線上無(wú)法對(duì)容?書(shū)不?設(shè)論望樗圣裝的KgC2專(zhuān)注于屋的以及符研究成果督日給傅意II受收竽造&的人P3：?jiǎn)柟显谟诠妼?duì)考古學(xué)抱有不切實(shí)際的期望以體不??科學(xué)的過(guò)程他需城埃及基舊的的代il址的彩結(jié)石膏維達(dá)舄誼的人G了24000年前的用際關(guān)系，CMP3：?jiǎn)柟显谟诠妼?duì)考古學(xué)抱有不切實(shí)際的期望以體不??科學(xué)的過(guò)程內(nèi)容解讀Formorethanacentury,peoplehavesoughttheOldTestamentvesselthatsurvivedthebiblicaldeluge.Archaeologistssayit'safooTserrand.Noah/sArkisamongthebestknownandmostcaptivatingofallOldTestamentstories:Aftercreatinghumans,GodbecamesodispleasedwiththemthathestruckEarthwithonall-encompassingfloodtowipethemout—withonenoteworthy(andseaworthy)exception:thebiblicalpatriarchandhisfamily,accompaniedbypairsofeachoftheplanet'sanimals,whorodeoutthedelugeinanenormouswoodenvessel.Forpeoplewhoacceptthereligioustextasahistoricallyaccurateaccountofactualevents,thehuntforarchaeologicalevidenceoftheArkisequallycaptivating,inspiringsomeintrepidfaithfultocombtheslopesofArmenia/sMt.Araratandbeyondfortracesofthewoodenvessel.ButsearchesfortheArkdraweverythingfromexasperationtodisdainfromacademicarchaeologistsandbiblicalscholars,"Nolegitimatearchaeologistdoesthis/1saysNationalGeographicExplorerJodiMagness,anarchaeologistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,ofmodernsearchesforevidenceofNoah.Archaeologyisnottreasurehunting,"sheadds."It'snotaboutfindingaspecificobject.It'sasciencewherewecomeupwithresearchquestionsthatwehopetoanswerbyexcavation.Hafool'serrand表示“徒勞的事,白費(fèi)力氣的事”,其中erracd表示“（短程的）差事,跑腿”,例如：Hesentmeonafool'serrand.他派我去干白費(fèi)力的事。runanerrandforsomeone表示"為…跑腿,為…辦事〃???Frankdriftedintorunningdodgyerrandsforaseedylocalvillain.弗蘭克開(kāi)始為當(dāng)?shù)匾粋€(gè)下流的惡人跑腿做壞事。wipeout蓑示“摧毀,毀滅,使滅絕”、例如：ThespillcouldwipeouttheGulf'sturtlepopulation.這次原油泄漏可能會(huì)使波斯灣的海龜滅絕。wipe本身也是一個(gè)含義豐富的詞匯，動(dòng)詞含義表示〃襟抗〃,例如：Whenhehadfinishedwashinghebegantowipethebasinclean.他清洗完后開(kāi)始把洗臉池擦拭干凈。名詞含義表示〃（一次性）濕巾”,例如：Non-allergenicwetbabywipesarebestforcleaningtheirsensitiveskin.最好使用防過(guò)敏的嬰兒濕巾來(lái)擦拭嬰兒的敏感皮膚。sth./sb.wipesthesmileoffsomeone'sface表示"讓…笑容頓失,使…喪失優(yōu)勢(shì)”wipethestateclean表示“翻開(kāi)新的一頁(yè),重新開(kāi)始”■hunt動(dòng)詞含義為主，可以表示〃搜尋，尋找「例如：?Somenewarrivalslosehopeevenbeforetheystarthuntingforajob.有些新來(lái)的人甚至沒(méi)開(kāi)始找工作就感到絕望了。還可以表示〃建露，追捕（罪犯、敵人）”,例如：Detectiveshavebeenhuntinghimforsevenmonths.偵探7個(gè)月來(lái)一直在追捕他。還可以表示〃《乂）打獵,（動(dòng)物）獵食”、例如：■Aleopardhuntsalone,andaninjuredleopardcannothunt.豹向來(lái)單獨(dú)獵食，所以如果受傷了就無(wú)法捕獵。ainthehuntforsth.表示“（參賽者）仍有機(jī)會(huì)雇〃>explore>track>seek也可以表示“搜索,尋找”,注意區(qū)分:hunt：一般指尋找所需的物件,或?qū)ψ锓傅乃褜?特指追獵。explore：一般指對(duì)未知事物或新生事物的探索、觀察與研究。track：側(cè)重按一定線索追查出結(jié)果。seek：多暗示做出很大努力去尋求某人或某物。StoriesofdestructivefloodsandthosewhosurvivethempredatetheHebrewBible,theoldestpartsofwhicharethoughttohavebeenwritteninthe8thcenturyB.C.LegendsaboutadelugethatdestroyscivilizationatthebehestofasupernaturaldeitycanbefoundinmultipleMesopotamiantexts,fromtheEpicofGilgamesh,whichwaswrittenaroundtheearlysecondmillenniumB.C.,toarecentlydecipheredBabyloniancuneiformtabletfromabout1750B.C.describinghowthearkwasbuilt.Couldthesefloodmythsbebasedinfact?aTheredoesseemtobegeologicalevidencethattherewasamajorfloodintheBlackSearegionabout7,500yearsago,"saysNationalGeographicExplorerEricCline,anarchaeologistatGeorgeWashingtonUniversity.Butscientistsdisagreeontheextentofthatevent,justashistoriansoftheeradifferonwhetherwritingsaboutadelugewereinspiredbyreallife.Itseemslikelierthatfloodsweresimplyexperiencedindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimes—andthatthoseeventsnaturallymadetheirwayintotheworld'soralandwrittenlore.zzWehavenowayofplacingNoah,ifhereallyexisted,andtheflood,iftherereallywasone,intimeandspace/'saysMagness."Theonlywayyoucoulddeterminethatwouldbeifyouhadanauthenticancientinscription"—andeventhen,shepointsout,suchaninscriptioncouldrefertoanotherNoah,oranotherflood.Thathasn'tstoppedtheproliferationofpseudoarchaeologythatupholdstheBibleasliteraltruth.Thefruitlesssearchesareoftenalignedwithadherentsof,"young-earthcreationism/'thebeliefthat,despiteevidencetothecontrary,Earthisonlythousandsofyearsold.atthebehestof表示“按…的吩咐，遵照…的命令〃，例如：In1970,athisnewwife'sbehest,theymovedtoSouthampton.1970年，應(yīng)他新任妻子的要求，他們搬到了南安普頓。■extent名詞，可以表示〃程度，地步”,例如：Thegovernmentitselfhaslittleinformationontheextentofindustrialpollution.政府本身幾乎不了解工業(yè)污染的程度。還可以表示〃茗國(guó)，面積,大小”,例如：Theircommitmentwasonlytomaintaintheextentofforests,nottheirbiodiversity.他們僅承諾維持現(xiàn)有森林面積，并不保證林區(qū)生物的多樣性。totheextentof/that表示"（強(qiáng)調(diào)）到…的地步,到…的程度〃atowhat/thatextent表示“到何種/那種程度”authentic形容詞，表示“真正的,真實(shí)的,真誠(chéng)的〃,例如：Shehasauthenticcharmwhereasmostpeoplesimplyhavenicemanners.她散發(fā)出真正的魅力，而大多數(shù)人只是舉止優(yōu)雅。還可以表示〃（仿制品）以假亂真的〃,例如：Thecopyhemadeofthepaintingcanpassforanauthenticone.他臨摹的畫(huà)足以亂真。還可以表示〃（信息或汜迷）準(zhǔn)確的,可靠的”,例如：Ihadobtainedtheauthenticdetailsaboutthebirthoftheorganization.我已經(jīng)掌握了有關(guān)該組織誕生的可靠的詳細(xì)資料。長(zhǎng)難句分析LegendsaboutadelugethatdestroyscivilizationatthebehestofasupernaturaldeitycanbefoundinmultipleMesopotamiantexts,fromtheEpicofGilgamesh,whichwaswrittenaroundtheearlysecondmillenniumB.C.,toarecentlydecipheredBabyloniancuneiformtabletfromabout1750B.C.describinghowthearkwasbuilt.?本句主干部分為L(zhǎng)egendscanbefoundinmultipleMesopotamiantexts.接下來(lái)填充結(jié)構(gòu),aboutadeluge介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ),修飾legends；that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,對(duì)deluge進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。from…to…構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)修飾Mesopotamiantexts,在這里包含時(shí)間跨度,交代TMesopotamiantexts在不同時(shí)期的表現(xiàn)形式;w/Hc/?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先行詞為ofGilqamesh,對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾限定;describinghowthearkwasbui/t現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ),修飾Babyloniancuneiformtablet.Partoftheproblem,saysCline,isthatthepublichasunrealisticexpectationsofthedisciplineofarchaeology—andpopularmediahighlightsthethrillofthechaseinsteadoftheslowaccretionofarchaeologicalknowledge.aWe/renotlikeIndianaJones/'hesays."It'sascientificprocedure.It'spainstaking.Butwhatexcitesusdoesnotnecessarilyexciteotherpeople."Inhisyoungeryears,saysCline,hespentsignificanttimeandenergyattemptingtorebutthepurportedbiblicalevidencethatenchantsthepublicyearafteryear.Eventually,though,hequit—andnowfocuseshistimeonbothhisexpeditionsandtranslatinghisresearchforthosewillingtoaccepttheresultsofthescientificprocess.uPeoplearegoingtobelievewhattheywanttobelieve/1hesighs.Thatwon'tchangeanytimesoon—sointhemeantime;he'sfocusedonunearthingan18th-centuryB.C.CanaanitepalaceatTelKabriinwhatisnownorthernIsrael.Followingapandemic-relotedpauseonfieldwork,heanticipatesreturningnextsummertocontinueexcavatingapaintedplasterfloorattheOldTestament-erasite."Forus,thefloorisincrediblyimportant,becauseitshowsinternationalrelationsandcontactsfromalmost4,000yearsago,"hesays."It'snotNoah'sArk,butit'sapaintedfloor,nthearchaeologistsays,“hemeantime表:示“在此期間,其間〃,例如：Eventuallyyourchildwillleavehometoleadherownlifeasafullyindependentadult,buti