重慶生物多樣性

重慶生物多樣性

Protectingthebiodiversity

ofChongqingMartinWillison博士,教授,Dalhousie大學(xué),Halifax,NovaScotia,加拿大martinwillison@2009年12月01號/web/index.aspx重慶市生物多樣性保護(hù)策略和行動計(jì)劃產(chǎn)出5:公眾的保護(hù)意識得到提高，從而參與到生物多樣性保護(hù)中來北紅尾鴝

DaurianRedstart(Phoenicurusauroreus)male生物多樣性

Biodiversity

Ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)基因

Gene

Species

物種

Someimportantideasaboutspecies

-Nativespecies–naturallyofaregion-Endemicspecies–foundonlyinaregion-Exoticspecies–Notnativetothatarea,nativetoanotherarea(alsocalled“alienspecies”)-Domesticspecies–usedandcontrolledbyhumans-Wildspecies–autonomous,notcontrolledbyhumansThreemainthreatstobiodiversityExploitationoflivingresources,suchashuntingLossofhabitatandhabitatfragmentationInvasivespecies,includingdiseasesWhyisbiodiversityimportant?

為什么生物多樣性很重要？SomeChongqingexamples一些重慶的例子云豹

NeofelisnebulosaEachspecieshasarange.Inthiscase,therangehasbecomefragmented.Asaresult,thespeciesisendangered(maybecomeextinct).

物種分布SanAntonioZooIUCNRedBook大鯢

Andriasdavidianus,Chinesegiantsalamander,criticallyendangeredRoyalOntarioMuseumCanada–plasticmodel大鯢

AndriasdavidianusThegiantsalamanderisonlyinChina(i.e.endemic).ThemostviablepopulationisintheChongqingregion.Thegeneticdiversityoffarmedanimalsislessthanthegeneticdiversityofwildanimals.Thereforewemustfarmthemforfood(sothatthewildonesarenotkilled)andkeepthewildonesfortheirgenes.NanchuanJackfruit

南川木菠蘿

Artocarpusnanchuanensis

Plantshavemanyeconomicvaluesaswellasintrinsicvalue.NanchuanJackfruitispresentonlyinNanchuanCountyandiscriticallyendangeredinthewild.Bypropagatingitandcreatingacommercialproductitcanbesaved.Thewildtreesmustalsobesavedfortheirgeneticdiversity.DowewantthesespeciestobeseenonlyintheChongqingNaturalHistoryMuseum?

我們希望只在重慶自然博物館看到這些物種嗎？Theyneedtheirnaturalhabitat

那些物種需要他們的自然棲息地Biodiversityalsoprovidesmanyvaluesforhumans導(dǎo)致物種，亞物種及其從屬物種

消失和滅絕的因素:

對野生動植物的直接開發(fā)和利用棲息地的消失棲息地的破碎與分裂外來物種及疾病的引入和傳播

這些影響必須在生物多樣性保護(hù)

可實(shí)施的層面：生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中加以消除和解決。DirectexploitationofwildanimalsandplantsLossofhabitatFragmentationofhabitatIntroductionandspreadofexoticspeciesanddiseasesGlobalenvironmentalchange,notablyclimateTheseeffectsmustbeaddressedattheoperationallevelofbiodiversity:theecosystemExtinctionandextirpationofspecies,subspecies,andothertaxaarecausedby:Whatca