英語專業(yè)八級歷年真題及詳解

英語專業(yè)八級歷年真題及詳解內(nèi)容簡介本書旨在幫助考生熟練掌握英語專業(yè)八級考試題型，并全面突破英語專業(yè)八級考試。本書收集了2005～2019年的英語專業(yè)八級考試真題，且每套試題均給出參考答案及詳解。歷年真題為考生提供了最好的復習依據(jù)，便于讀者了解考題的命題特點和出題規(guī)律，答案詳解則為考生分析了解題技巧，指明了解題思路。資料下載地址：/Ebook/962558.html來源：【弘博學習網(wǎng)】或關(guān)注公眾號【弘博學習網(wǎng)】獲取更多學習資料。TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2005)-GRADEEIGHT-TIMELIMIT:195MINPART

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LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[30MIN]SECTIONA

MINI-LECTUREInthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE.Usetheblanksheetfornotetaking.WritingaResearchPaper【答案與解析】(1)basicsteps(細節(jié)題。錄音開始提到寫論文與寫普通文章時涉及到的許多基本步驟是一樣的（Bothkindsofwritinginvolvemanyofthesamebasicsteps），所以可直接從講座中得出答案basicsteps。)(2)rawmaterial(細節(jié)題。錄音中提到論文的不同之處在于許多原始材料并不是來自你自己的頭腦之中，而是來自一些出版材料，因此主要不同在于rawmaterial的來源不同，故答案為rawmaterial。)(3)head(細節(jié)題。根據(jù)錄音，論文的不同之處在于許多原始材料并不是來自你自己的頭腦之中，言外之意即普通文章的原始材料源于“head”。)(4)factsandopinions(細節(jié)題。文中提到，對于調(diào)查性論文而言，你得收集大量的關(guān)于一個話題的事實和觀點，Inasurvey-typeresearchpaper,yougatherfactsandavarietyofopinionsonagiventopic.，故可知答案為factsandopinions。)(5)explain(細節(jié)題。從講座中可知，“survey-typepaper”寫作有三個要求，分別是“gatherfacts”“throughquotation”和“youexplain”。前兩個題干中已提到，故本題答案為關(guān)于“survey-typepaper”的第三個方面“explain”。)(6)objective(細節(jié)題。文中提到“youtrytoprovidearepresentativesamplingoffactsandopinionstogiveanobjectivereportonyourtopic”。因此作者對論文的報道要客觀objective。)(7)Purpose(細節(jié)題。文中提到“yourpurposemayvarywithyourtopic”，因此作者的目的應隨話題的變化而變化，故答案為purpose，注意大寫。)(8)asksomequestions(細節(jié)題。講座的第二部分論述的是寫報告的其中一個步驟——選題，本題針對選題時的一些準備提問。文中提到“Asyouthinkaboutyourtopic,askyourselfthesequestions”，因此決定一篇論文時應自問一些問題，演講者并在下文具體講述了這些問題究竟是什么。很容易得出答案askyourselfthesequestions，但是題目限制最多填入三個單詞，故可填入asksomequestions。)(9)amanageablesize(細節(jié)題。演講者在論述選題時要怎么做時，提出要問自己的四個問題，本題針對第三個問題——將話題縮小到一個自己可以控制的范圍(cutthetopicdowntoamanageablesize)——設(shè)題。直接提取答案amanageablesize。)(10)thetopicitself(細節(jié)題。本題針對第四個問題設(shè)題。第四個問題開始演講者就指出其主要內(nèi)容“Whatquestionscanyouaskaboutthetopicitself?”，就論文本身寫作者可提出什么問題，故可直接得出答案thetopicitself。)【錄音原文】WritingaResearchPaperIthinkasseniors,youareoftenrequiredbyyourinstructorstodosomelibraryresearchonthistopicorthat.And,intheend,youhavetowritearesearchpaper,right?Thenwhatiswritingaresearchpaperlike?Howarewegoingtowriteone?Whatarethestepsinproducingaresearchpaperandwhatarethepointsweneedtotakecareof?Intoday’slecture,I’lltrytoanswerthesequestions.Firstofall,whatiswritingaresearchpaperlike?Wemaystartbycomparingittoanordinaryessay,aformofwritingyouareveryfamiliarwith.Writingaresearchpaperismuchlikewritinganessay.

[1]Bothkindsofwritinginvolvemanyofthesame

basicsteps.Thatis,choosingatopic,askingquestionstodefineanddevelopthetopic,identifyingtheaudience,gettingrawmaterialtoworkwith,outliningthepaper,writingit,and,finally,revisingit.Thesearethestepssharedbetweenresearchpaperwritingandessaywriting.Isthereanydifference,youmayask.Yes.

[2][3]

Whatmakesaresearchpaperdifferentisthatmuchofyour

rawmaterial

comesnotfromyourown

head,butfromprintedsources:mainlybooksandperiodicalsinthelibrary.Collectingrawmaterial,thatisreadingbooksandtakingnotes,isverymuchliketheprocessofbrainstormingattheprewritingstageofanordinaryessay.Generallyspeaking,therearetwobasictypesofresearchpapers,andapapermaybelongtoeithertype.Itmaybeasurveyoffactsandopinionsavailableonagiventopicorananalyticalargumentthatusesthosefactsandopinionstoproveapoint.Yourinstructormaytellyouwhichkindofpaperyouareexpectedtowrite.Ifnot,youyourselfshouldeventuallychoosebetweensurveyingandarguing.Youwillthenhaveadefinitewayofmanagingyoursources.Now,let’stakealookathowyouaregoingtowriteasurvey-typeresearchpaperoranargumentativeresearchpaper.

[4]Inasurvey-typeresearchpaper,yougather

factsand

avarietyof

opinions

onagiventopic.Youmakelittleattempttointerpretorevaluatewhatyoursourcessayortoproveaparticularpoint.Instead,throughquotation,summary,andparaphrase,youtrytoprovidearepresentativesamplingoffactsandopinions

[6]togivean

objective

reportonyourtopic.

[5]You

explain

theprosandconsofvariousattitudesoropinions,butyoudon’tsidedefinitelywithanyoneofthem.Whileinanargumentativeresearchpaper,youdoconsiderablymore.Youdonotsimplyquote,paraphrase,andsummarizeasyoudoinasurvey-typepaper.Youinterpret,question,compare,andjudgethestatementsyoucite.Youexplainwhyoneopinionissoundandanotherisnot;whyonefactisrelevantandanotherisnot;whyonewriteriscorrectandanotherismistaken.

[7]What’smore,yourpurposemayvarywithyourtopic.Youmaytrytoexplainasituationtorecommendacourseofaction,torevealthesolutiontoaproblem,ortopresentanddefendaparticularinterpretationofahistoricaleventoraworkof

art.

ButwhetherthetopicisspacetravelortrendsincontemporaryAmericanliterature,anargumentativeresearchpaperdealsactively–Isayitagain,actively–withthestatementsitcites.Itmakesthesestatementsworktogetherinanargumentthatyoucreate,thatis,toanargumentleadingtoaconclusionofyourown.[8]Inthenextpartofthelecture,I’dliketotalkaboutoneofthebasicstepsinwritingImentionedearlierinthelecture.Thatishowtochooseatopic.Choosingatopicforaresearchpaperisinsomewayslikechoosingatopicforanordinaryessay,buttherearesomedifferences.Asyouthinkaboutyourtopic,

askyourselfthesequestions:Questionnumberone:Doyoureallywanttoknowmoreaboutthistopic?Thisistheinitialquestionyouhavetoaskyourself,becauseresearchonanysubjectwillkeepyoubusyforweeks.Youcertainlydonotwishtowasteyourtimeonsomethingyouhavelittleinterestin.Youdoitwellonlyifyouexpecttolearnsomethinginterestingorimportantintheprocess.Questionnumbertwo:Areyoulikelytofindmanysourcesofinformationonthistopic?Youcannotwritearesearchpaperwithoutconsultingavarietyofsources.Ifonlyonesourceornoneatallisreadilyavailable,youshouldrethinkyourtopicorchooseanother.Questionnumberthree:

[9]Canyoucutthetopicdownto

amanageablesize?Bereasonableandrealisticaboutwhatyoucandoinashortperiod,say,twotofourweeks.Ifyourtopicis“TheAmericanRevolution”,you’llscarcelyhavetimetomakealistofbooksonyoursubject,letalonereadandanalyzethem.Sotrytofindsomethingspecific,suchas“TheRoleofThomasJeffersonintheAmericanRevolution”or“TheFranco-AmericanAlliance”Questionnumberfour:

[10]

Whatquestionscanyouaskabout

thetopicitself?Questionshelpyougetthetopicdowntoamanageablesize,discoveritspossibilities,andfindthegoalofyourresearch,thatis,thespecificproblemyouwanttoinvestigate.Supposeyouwanttowriteabouttheissueoffinancingacollegeeducation–Atopicnotonlycurrent,butalsodirectlylinkedtothelivesofmostcollegestudentsandtheirfamilies.Youcouldaskatleasttwoorthreepointedquestions:Howmuchdoeseducationalopportunitydependonfinancialstatus?Isfinancialaidgoingtothestudentswhoneeditmost?Howmuchshoulduniversitiesandcollegeschargetheirstudents?Youcanaskyourselfthesequestionsormoreasyoustartworkontheresearchpaper.Okay.Tosumup,intoday’slecture,we’velookedatsomeoftheissuesinresearchpaperwriting,likethebasicsteps,typesofresearchpaper,andhowtochooseatopic.Inournextlecture,we’llconcentrateonhowtoidentifytheaudience,howtoworkoutanoutline,andhowtoeditthedraft.SECTIONB

INTERVIEWInthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcoloredanswersheet.Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.1.WhatisthepurposeofProfessorMcKay’sreport?A.Tolookintothementalhealthofoldpeople.B.Toexplainwhypeoplehavenegativeviewsonoldage.C.Tohelpcorrectsomefalsebeliefsaboutoldage.D.Toidentifythevariousproblemsofoldage.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTProfessorMcKay’sview?A.Peoplechangeinoldagealotmorethanattheageof21.B.Thereareasmanysickpeopleinoldageasinmiddleage.C.Weshouldnotexpectmorephysicalillnessamongoldpeople.D.Weshouldnotexpecttofindoldpeopleunattractiveasagroup.3.AccordingtoProfessorMcKay’sreport,_____.A.familyloveisgraduallydisappearingB.itishardtocommentonfamilyfeelingC.morechildrenareindifferenttotheirparentsD.familyloveremainsasstrongasever4.ProfessorMcKayis_____towardsthetendencyofmoreparentslivingapartfromtheirchildren.A.negativeB.positiveC.ambiguousD.neutral5.TheonlypopularbeliefthatProfessorMcKayisunabletoprovideevidenceagainstis_____.A.old-agesicknessB.loosefamilytiesC.poormentalabilitiesD.difficultiesinmaths【答案與解析】1.C

細節(jié)題。錄音中，女士提到，報告的目的是：lookintothevariousbeliefsthatpeopleholdaboutoldage并試圖證實他們，隨后，女士又指出，希望該報告能夠幫助人們改變對變老的一些感受（changetheirfeelingsaboutoldage），綜合可得出報告的目的是讓人們改變對年老的錯誤觀念。2.A

細節(jié)題。采訪中女士用反問的語氣提出“為什么要覺得人們在60或65歲時會突然改變（suddenlychange），而不是在21歲時突然改變？”，表明女士不贊同這一觀點，A項符合。3.D

細節(jié)題。錄音中女士提到“wehavefoundnothingthatsuggestsfamilyfeelingiseitherdryingordead”，由此可見這位女士認為家庭情感仍舊和以前一樣強烈，故選D項。4.B

細節(jié)題。談到對年輕人與老人分居的看法時，professorMcKay指出“it’sanexcellentarrangement”，可判斷，她對此舉持積極態(tài)度。5.D

細節(jié)題。錄音結(jié)尾部分，professorMcKay談到“無疑，隨年齡的增長人們發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)學會越來越難”，她還指出，具體原因是什么，她自己也不清楚。所以D項正確?！句浺粼摹縈:Today,we’veProfessorMcKayonourmorningtalkshow.Goodmorning,ProfessorMcKay.W:Goodmorning.M:I’veheardthatyouandyourteamhavejustcompletedareportonoldage.W:That’sright.M:Couldyoutellmewhatyourreportisabout?W:Well,thereportbasicallylooksintothevariousbeliefsthatpeopleholdaboutoldageandtriestoverifythem.M:Andwhatdoyouthinkyourreportcanachieve?W:

[1]Wehopethatitwillsomehowhelppeopletochangetheirfeelingsaboutoldage.Theproblemisthatfartoomanyofusbelievethatmostoldpeoplearepoor,lonely,andunhappy.Asaresult,wetendtofindoldpeople,asagroup,unattractive.Andthisisverydangerousforoursociety.M:Butsurelywecannotescapethefactthatmanyoldpeoplearelonelyandmanyaresick.W:No,wecan’t.Butwemustalsorememberthattheproportionofsuchpeopleisnogreateramongthe60-70agegroupthanamongthe50-60agegroup.M:Inotherwords,thereisnomorementalillness,forexample,amongthe60s-70sthanamongthe50s-60s.W:Right!Andwhyshouldtherebe?

[2]Whyshouldweexpectpeopletosuddenlychangewhentheyreachtheir60thor60thbirthdayanymorethantheydidwhentheyreachedtheir21st?M:Butonewouldexpecttheretobemorephysicalillnessamongoldpeople,surely.W:Whyshouldoneexpectthis?Afterall,thosepeoplewhoreachtheageof65or70arethestrongamongus.Theweakdiemainlyinchildhood,thenintheir40sand50s.Furthermore,bythetimepeoplereach60or65,theyhavelearnedhowtolookafterthemselves.Theykeepwarm,sleepregularhours,andeatsensibly.Ofcourse,someoldpeopledosufferfromphysicalillnesses,butthesedonotsuddenlydevelopontheir65thbirthday.Peoplewhoarehealthyinmiddleagetendtobehealthyinoldage,justasonewouldexpect.M:Doyoufindthatyoungpeoplethesedaysarenotasconcernedabouttheirparentsastheirparentswereabouttheirs?W:

[3]Wehavefoundnothingthatsuggeststhatfamilyfeelingiseitherdyingordead.Theredonotappeartobelargenumbersofyoungpeoplewhoaretrying,forexample,tohavetheirdearoldmotherlockedupinamentalhospital.M:Don’tmanymoreparentsliveapartfromtheirmarriedchildrenthenusedtobethecase?W:True,butthisisbecausemanymoreyoungfamiliescanaffordtoowntheirownhomesthesedaysthaneverbefore.Inotherwords,parentsandtheirmarriedchildrenusuallyliveinseparatehouseholdsbecausetheypreferitthatway,notbecausethechildrenrefusetohavemumanddadlivingwiththem.M:Isthisagoodthing,doyouthink?W:

[4]Ithinkthatit’sanexcellentarrangement.Weallliketokeeppartofourlivesprivate,evenfromthosewelovedearly.

[4]Icertainlydon’tthinkthatit’sasignoftheincreasedlonelinessofoldage.M:Arepeople’smentalabilitiesaffectedbyoldage?W:Certainchangesdotakeplaceaswegrowolder,butthishappensthroughoutlife.Thesechangesareverygradualandhappenatdifferenttimeswithdifferentpeople,but,ingeneral,ifyouknowapersonwellinhismiddleageandhaveseenhowhedealswitheventsandproblems,youwilleasilyrecognizehiminoldage.M:Sothatsomeonewhoenjoysnewexperiences,travel,education,andsooninhismiddleyearswillusuallycontinuetodosointooldage?W:Exactly.Wehavecarriedoutsomeveryinterestingexperimentsinwhichagroupofpeopleaged60-70andagroupaged30-40hadtolearnthesamethings.Thefirstthingwediscoveredwasthattheyounggrouptendstobequickeratlearningthantheoldgroup.However,althoughtheoldgrouptooklongertolearn,eventually,theyperformedaswellastheyounggroup.Andwhenwetestedthetwogroupsseveralweekslater,therewasagainnodifferencebetweenthetwogroups.M:That’sveryinterestingindeed.Whatelsedidyourexperimentsshow?W:Well,onegroupofoldpeopleagreedtoattendeveningclassesforayeartostudyEnglishandmathematics.Infact,mostofthisgroupbecamesointerestedintheirstudiesthattheycontinuedthemforanotheryear.Anyway,wediscoveredthattheydidbestintheEnglishclassesandthatmostofthemsteadilyimprovedtheirabilitytocommunicateinboththewrittenandthespokenlanguage.M:Whataboutthegroupwhostudiedmathematics?W:Well,that’sadifferentstory.

[5]Thereseemstobenodoubtthatpeoplefindmathsmoredifficultastheygrowolder.Though,whythisisso,Icannotsay.M:Perhapspocketcalculatorswillsolvethisproblem.W:Ithinkyou’reright.Infact,I’msurethatyouare.M:Okay.Timeforacommercial.Staytuned;we’llberightback.SECTIONC

NEWSBROADCASTInthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcoloredanswersheet.Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.6.ScientistsinBrazilhaveusedfrogskinto_____.A.eliminatebacteriaB.treatburnsC.SpeeduprecoveryD.reducetreatmentcost【答案】B查看答案【解析】細節(jié)題。錄音首句就提到“巴西科學家聲稱，找到了對付燒傷的新方法”，隨后提出該新方法是“利用青蛙皮”，故選B項“巴西科學家利用青蛙皮治療燒傷”?！句浺粼摹縖6]ScientistsinBrazilclaimthey’vecomeupwithanewwayoftreatingburns.Thatis,withfrogskin.Researcherssayitischeapandeffective.Thefrogskinhascomponentsthatdiminishthegrowthofbacteria,makingthewoundhealfasterandreducingtheamountoftimethatpatienthastostayinhospital.ResearcherssaidthemethodhadalreadybeensuccessfullyusedinsomehospitalsinBrazil.Question7isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.7.WhatisNOTafeatureofthenewkaraokemachine?A.Itisfeaturedbyhightechnology.B.Itallowsyoutoimitatefamoussingers.C.Itcanautomaticallyalterthetempoandtoneofasong.D.Itcanbeplacedinspeciallydesignedthemerooms.【答案】D查看答案【解析】細節(jié)題。錄音中提到新卡拉ok的特點有：采用了高新技術(shù)（high-tech），使年輕人能“singlikefamoussingers”（如著名歌唱家一樣歌唱），并能“automaticallyadjustthespeedandtoneofanysong”（自動調(diào)整任何歌曲的速度和聲調(diào)），D項的內(nèi)容在文中未提到?！句浺粼摹縊nceasourceofhigh-pitchedbusinessactivity,Japan’skaraokeindustryhassloweddown.Japanesehavelesstosingaboutamidsustainedeconomicproblems.Karaokefirmsarenowstrivingtodevelopnewideastoattractcost-consciouskaraokesingers.

[7]Theseincludeanew,high-techmachinethatallowspeopletosinglikefamoussingersandthemeroomsonsomeoftheAsiancartoonfigurestargetedatyoungercrowds.ThenewkaraokemachineisbeingdevelopedbyaprofessorfromtheUSMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.

[7]ThemachineusesatechnologycalledC-Soundthatautomaticallyadjuststhespeedandtoneofanysongbeingplayedtomatchthetempoandkeythesingerisusing.Thetempocanbeadjustedmanuallyonconventionalkaraokemachines,butthenewproductisthefirstmachinetodoitautomatically.Question8isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.8.China’sInternetusershadreached_____bytheendofJune.A.68millionB.8.9millionC.10millionD.1.5million【答案】A查看答案【解析】細節(jié)題。錄音中明確指出“China’sinternetpopulationhit68millionbytheendofJune”，A項正確。【錄音原文】TheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCentersaidthisweekthatthenation’sonlinecommunityisexpandingatarapidpace,with8.9millionusersaddedinthefirsthalfoftheyear,fromJanuarytoJune.

[8]China’sInternetpopulationhit68millionbytheendofJune,theworld’ssecond-largestfigureaftertheUnitedStates.Thefigurewas10millionattheendof2000and1.5millionin1997.“CyberspaceisaforcetobereckonedwithinChina,”saidChenHualin,aseniorInternetanalystattheChineseAcademyofSciences.Netizensbetweentheagesof18and30arethedrivingforce.Theyspend13hourseveryweeksurfingtheInternet,onaverage.Theirmajorpurposeisobtaininginformationorhavingfun.Atthesametime,only0.2percentlistedonlineshopping,e-business,andonlinelearningastheirmainactivity.AsthenumberofChina’sInternetusersgrows,sodoesthejunkmail.8.3e-mailsoutof16arejunkmailsonaverage.Question9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.9.AccordingtotheWTO,Chineseexportsrose_____lastyear.A.21%B.10%C.22%D.4.73%10.Accordingtothenews,whichtradingnationinthetop10hasreporteda5percentfallinexports?A.TheUK.B.TheUS.C.Japan.D.Germany.【答案與解析】9.C

細節(jié)題。文中提到“China’sexportsjumped22percentlastyear”（中國的出口去年猛增了22%），故選C項。10.B

細節(jié)題。錄音中在談?wù)撐痪邮澜缜?0名的國家貿(mào)易狀況時，指出“theUnitedStates,sawitsexportsfall5percent”，故選A項?！句浺粼摹緾hinahasestablisheditselfasoneoftheworld’sgreattradingnations,movingpasttheU.K.intothe5thplace.NewfiguresfromtheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)show

[9]Chineseexportsjumping22%lastyearto325.6billionUSdollars’worth,andimportsrising21%to295.2billionUSdollars’worth.Noothertradingnationinthetoptencameclosetothatlevelofgrowth.

[10]Theworldleader,theUnitedStates,sawexportsfall5%in2002fromthepreviousyear.Exportsbythird-rankedJapanrose3%whilesecond-rankedGermanyreporteda7%rise.Intheareaoftotaltradeflowsofjustover13.1trillionUSdollars,thetoptentradersaccountedfor7.4trillionUSdollars,or56%.TheUSshareis13.78%,whileChinahas4.73%.PART

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READINGCOMPREHENSION[30MIN]Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.ReadthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyourColouredAnswerSheet.TEXTAIremembermeetinghimoneeveningwithhispushcart.Ihadmanagedtosellallmypapersandwascominghomeinthesnow.ItwasthatstrangehourindowntownNewYorkwhentheworkerswerepouringhomewardinthetwilight.Imarchedamongthousandsoftiredmenandwomenwhomthefactorywhistleshadunyoked.Theyflowedinriversthroughtheclothingfactorydistricts,thendownalongtheavenuestotheEastSide.ImetmyfathernearCooperUnion.Irecognizedhim,ahunched,frozenfigureinanoldovercoatstandingbyabananacart.Helookedsolonely;thetearscametomyeyes.Thenhesawme,andhisfacelitwithhissad,beautifulsmile—CharlieChaplin’ssmile.“Arch,it’sMikey,”hesaid.“Soyouhavesoldyourpapers!Comeandeatabanana.”Heofferedmeone.Irefusedit.Ifeltitcrucialthatmyfathersellhisbananas,notgivethemaway.HethoughtIwasshy,andcoaxedandjokedwithme,andmademeeatthebanana.Itsmelledofwetstrawandsnow.“Youhaven’tsoldmanybananastoday,pop,”Isaidanxiously.Heshruggedhisshoulders.“WhatcanIdo?Nooneseemstowantthem.”Itwastrue.Theworkcrowdspushedhomemoroselyoverthepavements.TherustyskydarkenedoverNewYorkbuilding,thetallstreetlampswerelit,innumerabletrucks,streetcarsandelevatedtrainsclatteredby.Nobodyandnothinginthegreatcitystoppedformyfather’sbananas.“Ioughttoyell,”saidmyfatherdolefully.“Ioughttomakeabignoiselikeotherpeddlers,butitmakesmythroatsore.Anyway,I’mashamedofyelling,itmakesmefeellikeafool.”Ihadeatenoneofhisbananas.MysickconsciencetoldmethatIoughttopayforitsomehow.Imustremainhereandhelpmyfather.“I’llyellforyou,pop,”Ivolunteered.“Arch,no,”hesaid,“gohome;youhaveworkedenoughtoday.JusttellmommaI’llbelate.”ButIyelledandyelled.Myfather,standingby,spokeoccasionalwordsofpraise,andsaidIwasawonderfulyeller.Nobodyelsepaidattention.Theworkersdriftedpastuswearily,endlessly;adefeatedarmywrappedindreamsofhome.Elevatedtrainscrashed;theCooperUnionclockburnedaboveus;theskygrewblack,thewindpoured,theslushburnedthroughourshoes.Therewerethousandsofstrange,silentfigurespouringoverthesidewalksinsnow.Noneofthemstoppedtobuybananas.Iyelledandyelled,nobodylistened.Myfathertriedtostopmeatlast.“Nu,”hesaidsmilingtoconsoleme,“thatwaswonderfulyelling.Mikey.Butit’splainweareunluckytoday!Let’sgohome.”Iwasfrantic,andalmostintears.Iinsistedonkeepingupmydesperateyells.Butatlastmyfatherpersuadedmetoleavewithhim.11.“Unyoked”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_____.A.sentoutB.releasedC.dispatchedD.removed12.WhichofthefollowinginthefirstparagraphdoesNOTindicatedcrowdsofpeople?A.Thousandsof.B.Flowed.C.Pouring.D.Unyoked.13.Whichofthefollowingisintendedtobeapairofcontrastinthepassage?A.Hugecrowdsandlonelyindividuals.B.Weatherconditionsandstreetlamps.C.Clatteringtrainsandpeddlers’yells.D.Movingcrowdsandstreettraffic.14.WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTsuitabletodescribethecharacteroftheson?A.Compassionate.B.Responsible.C.Shy.D.Determined.15.Whatisthethemeofthestory?A.Themiseryofthefactoryworkers.B.Howtosurviveinaharshenvironment.C.Generationgapbetweenthefatherandtheson.D.Lovebetweenthefatherandtheson.16.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefatherandtheson?A.Indifferent.B.Sympathetic.C.Appreciative.D.Difficulttotell.【文章大意】文章以第一人稱描寫了風雪天氣中紐約街頭一對父子賣香蕉的情景，起初父親因為覺得尷尬不好意思叫賣，兒子為了幫助父親，主動賣力的叫賣，雖然如此，但是最后還是一個香蕉也沒賣出去。作者用一系列表現(xiàn)手法突出了父子之間的相互關(guān)愛，他們雖然處境艱難但是卻互相扶持，作者對這對父子充滿了同情?！敬鸢概c解析】11.B

詞義理解題。前文提到的“夜幕降臨，大批工人往家趕”可知他們已從工廠下班了，由此可推斷“whomthefactorywhistleshadunyoked”指的是工人們可以從工廠的哨聲中解放出來了。release“解放，釋放”，與unyoke意思接近。12.D

詞義理解題。根據(jù)上題可知，unyoked是“解除束縛”的意思，并不表示人多。flowed和pouring都有“人流如潮”的意思，thousandsof也突顯出“人潮擁擠”之意。故選D項。13.A

推理題。文中第一段提到“theworkerswerepouringhomewardinthetwilight”“thousandsoftiredmenandwomen”，夜幕降臨，數(shù)以千計的工人匆忙往家趕。第二段中“Irecognizedhim,ahunched,frozenfigureinanoldovercoatstandingbyabananacart.Helookedsolonely...”由此可見穿著破舊外套的父親獨自站在香蕉攤旁，很是孤單。洶涌的人潮與形單影只的父親形成鮮明對比，故選A。其他選項“天氣狀況”和“街燈”；“咔嗒的火車”和“小販的叫賣”；“移動的人流”和“街道上的交通”都無法構(gòu)成對比。14.C

細節(jié)題。文中倒數(shù)第三段提到“Iyelledandyelled”，兒子在街頭幫父親叫賣，表明并不是一個靦腆的人，故C項不合文意。倒數(shù)第六段提到“MysickconsciencetoldmethatIoughttopayforitsomehow.Imustremainhereandhelpmyfather.”，年邁的父親在街頭賣香蕉，現(xiàn)在又免費吃了父親的香蕉，良心因此不安，于是決定幫助父親，可看出兒子富于同情心和責任感；文中最后一段提到“Iinsistedonkeepingupmydesperateyells.”，雖然到最后一直無人問津他們的香蕉，但他仍然堅持叫賣，可看出兒子十分有決心。15.D

主旨題。文中提到當兒子看到身著破舊大衣的父親獨自一人站在大街上賣香蕉，“thetearscametomyeyes”不禁淚眼盈眶。兒子沒有回家，幫父親在街頭叫賣。另一方面，父親看到兒子時“hisfacelitwithhissad,beautifulsmile-CharlieChaplin’ssmile”露出微笑，我叫賣時父親“spokeoccasionalwordsofpraise”不時得表揚一下兒子，最后父親說服兒子回家。通過一系列的細節(jié)描寫可見父子之間的深情。16.B

觀點態(tài)度題。縱覽全文，作者描寫了父親破舊的穿著，賣不出香蕉時難過的表情，獨自站在街頭的孤單；另外又描述兒子看到父親時的心理活動，良心受譴責幫父親賣香蕉，但是這樣的叫賣卻是徒勞的，根本沒有路人駐足看一下他們的香蕉，由此可見父子兩人的遭遇很是悲慘，也透露出了作者對父子倆的深切同情。故選B項?！绢}海拾貝】①unyoke

vt.

卸下，解開②coax

vi.

哄騙，勸誘③morosely

adv.

愁眉苦臉地；憂郁地④innumerable

adj.

無數(shù)的，數(shù)不清的⑤hunched

adj.

縮成一團的，駝背的⑥dolefully

adv.

悲哀地，寂寞地⑦frantic

adj.

狂亂的，瘋狂的TEXTBWhenformerPresidentRonaldReaganfellandbrokehishipattheageof89,hejoinedagroupofmorethan350,000elderlyAmericanswhofracturetheirhipseachyear.SufferingfromadvancedAlzheimer’sdisease,Reaganwasinoneofthehighest-riskgroupsforthistypeofaccident.Theincidenceofhipfracturesnotonlyincreasesafterage50,butdoubleseveryfivetosixyearsastheriskoffallingincreases.Slippingandtumblingarenottheonlycausesofhipfractures;weakenedbonessometimesbreakspontaneously.Butfallingisthemajorcause,representing90%ofallhipfractures.Theseinjuriesarenottobetakenlightly.AccordingtotheAmericanAcademyofOrthopedicSurgeons,only25%ofthosewhosufferhipfractureseverfullyrecover;asmanyas20%willdiewithin12months.Evenwhenpatientsdorecover,nearlyhalfwillneedacaneorawalkertogetaround.Whenitcomestohipfractures,themostdangerousplaceforelderlyAmericans,itturnsout,istheirhomes;nearly60%ofthesedangerousspillswilloccurinoraroundthepatient’sdomicile.Thisisn’tallbadnews,however,becauseafewmodificationscouldpreventalotofaccidents.Thefirstthingtodoistogetridofthosethrownrugsthatlinehallwaysandentrances.Theyoftenfoldoverorbunchupturningthemintobodytrapsforanyoneshufflingdownthehall.Enteringandleavingthehouseisaparticularlyhigh-riskactivity,whichiswhysomeexpertssuggestremovinganydoorsillshigherthan1/2in.Ifthestepsarebare